2019高考英语单项选择精选第1章：名词及解析(211—290题)

高考英语试卷选择题部分第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

ACommunity(社区) service is important for many reasons.Taking part and volunteering teaches sympathy and understanding.One of my favorite things about it is that there are opportunities and choices right in your very neighborhood.When I was younger，I volunteered for a nearby animal shelter.At first I didn’t know many people there and wasn’t very ter，as I got to know the animals and staff members I learned to enjoy my time there.It was a very rewarding experience and I got to do many things I wouldn’t have had an opportunity to do otherwise.Sometimes when I was there I would see other kids taking part.Most of them were volunteering because they needed service hours for school.These kids sometimes just sat around waiting for their time to pass.But there were also others，who had apparently enjoyed their experiences，and wanted to do more afterwards.Not only is community service fun and rewarding，it also looks great on a resume(简历) or college application.Sometimes community service is even required for high school st year in my life skills class we were asked to write a paper about whether we thought requiring students at a university to complete 75 hours of community service was a good idea.I wrote，“I don’t think that is too much as long as the students are given enough time and a variety of choices.”As I move through life I will be always involved in community service，not just because it is important but also because it is something I enjoy and look forwardto.So maybe it is the right time you should go out，volunteer your time and make a difference，even if your reward is only a nod or smile.1．The writer began to enjoy volunteering at the animal shelter when he . A．realized the importance of community serviceB．witnessed some students wasting their timeC．got inspired by the enthusiastic volunteersD．adjusted himself to the new environment答案 D解析推理判断题。

普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标I)英语第I卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10称钟的时间来回答有关小题如阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. ￡19.15.B. ￡9.18.C. ￡9.15.答案是C。

1. What does the woman want to do?A. Find a place.B. Buy a map.C. Get an address.2. What will the man do for the woman?A. Repair her car.B. Give her a ride..C. Pick up her aunt.3. Who might Mr. Peterson be?A. A new professor.B. A department head.C. A company director.4. What does the man think of the book?A. Quite difficult..B. Very interesting.C. Too simple.5. What are the speakers talking about?A. Weather.B. Clothes.C. News.第二节（共15小题；每小题1．5分，满分22．5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

2018全国高考汇编之代词+名词+冠词一（2018安徽卷）24．You can ask anyone for help. here is willing to lend you a hand.A. OneB. No oneC. EveryoneD. Someone【考点】考察代词词义辨析【答案】C【解析】本题查看的是代词的词义辨析。

One某一个人/物（指代可数名词单数，表示泛指）；no one=nobody 没有人；everyone每个人（强调全体）；someone某个人。

句义：你可以向任何一个人求助，这里的每个人都乐意帮助你。

根据句义可知本句中的everyone强调所有人都愿意帮助你。

故C正确。

【举一反三】I have no camera to lend to you, but my brother has _____. He bought ___ only a few days ago.A. it; oneB. one; itC. it; itD. one; one【答案】 B试题分析：句意：我没有照相机借给你，但我哥哥有一部。

就在几天前他买的。

one系泛指同种物；it 则是特指同一物。

有上下文可容易看出选B。

二（2018安徽卷）29．— Why not buy a second-hand car first if you don't have enough money for a new one?— That's a good .A. sayingB. questionC. suggestionD. account【考点】考察名词词义辨析【答案】C【解析】本题中名词saying谚语；question问题；suggestion建议；account账户，描述；句义：—如果你没有足够的钱买新的汽车，为什么不先买一辆二手的汽车呢？—这是一个很好的建议。

根据第一句话中的Why not….?可知是在提出建议。

2019高考英语单项选择精选第1章：名词及解析（141—210题）141.Beds,chairs,tablesanddesksare______.A.furnituresB.furnitureC.apieceoffurnitureD.articlesoffurnitures142.Let'smeetattheschoolatninetomorrowmorning,shallwe?.A.gateB.doorC.playgroundD.ground143.Weoftenheartheoldmansighedwithfeeling“Theyoungerdon'tknowwhathardworkitis!”A.girlsB.boysC.generationD.parents144.Thereasonwhythetwo_____cannotspeak_____languageisthattheywereborninAmer icaandwerebroughtupinaJapanesefamily.A.Germans;GermanB.Germen;theGermanC.Germen;GermanD.Germans;theGerman145.Whaton_____doyoumeanbysayingso?A.earthB.worldndD.groundstnightoneofmyclassmates tooktheglovestome overtheanswerstothemathsprob lem.Theunderlinedpartprobablymeans_____.A.quarreledwithmeB.talkedwithmeC.tookmyglovesD.gavemeapairofgloves147.Ifabeardisasignofsmartness,the_____willbeaSocrates(苏格拉底).(prov.)A.sheepmbC.goatD.god148._____helpsthosewhohelpthemselves.(prov.)A.SkyB.HeavenC.GodD.Glory149.---Look,thatgentlemaniswearingabeautiful_____watch.---Idon’tthinkitisrealone.Perhapsitisjusta_____one.A.gold;goldB.golden;goldC.golden;goldenD.gold;golden 150.---Wouldyoupleasetellmehowtosettlethismathsproblem?---Oh,sorry,Ican’t.YoucangoandaskJohnforhelp.Hehasthegoods.Theunderlinedpartprobablymeans_ ____.A.Hehassomegoodstosell.B.HewantssomegoodsC.Hehastheabilitytosettletheproblem.D.Hehasboughtsomegoods.151.Inthepastfewyears,theChinese_____hasachievedmanysuccessesindiplomacy,ec onomicsandmanyotherrespects.A.peopleB.nationC.countryernment152.Atthenewsthat2004OlympicGameswouldbeheldinAthens,thecapitalof_____,the_ ____wereveryexcited.Theysanganddancedtocelebrateditallnightlong.A.Greeks;GreeceB.Greece;GreeksC.Greeks;GreeksD.Greece;Greece153.Iftherehasbeenburglaryinyourhouse,youshouldputrounditbeforethepolicearr ivetoinvestigatethecase.A.guestsddersC.guardsD.poison154.Ifamanreceivesno_____athome,whenabroadhe’llhavenohosts.(prov.)A.customersB.guestsC.callersD.passengers155.Ithasbecomethe_____forEnglishfamiliestogototheseasideinsummer.A.habitB.customC.hobbiesD.rules 156.Hecuttheapple________,andgavethebigtohislittlesister.A.intohalfB.intohalvesC.inhalvesD.inthehalf157.Thestudentstandingtherewaspraisedbyhisteacheron_____,butblamedbyhisfrie ndson_____.A.ahand...twohandsB.onehand...theotherhandC.handsof...theotherhandsD.onehand...anotherhand158.---Sorry,Idon’tknowhowtoworkoutthismathsproblem.---Useyour_____,andthenyouwillfindaway.A.mindB.heartC.brainD.head159.Thedoctorwhocuredmyfriendofcanceralwaysservesothersandsoul.A.heartB.mindC.spiritD.head160.Whentheteacherfoundtheterriblewritingofthenaughtyboy,hesaidangrily “Good!Whatonearthhaveyouwritten?”A.GodB.heavensC.heavenD.hero161.The1998floodistheworstdisasterintheofChina.Thepeopleintheflood-stricken areaovercameallkindsofdifficulties.A.honeyB.timeC.historyD.homeland162.Atthesocialgatheringtheweatheristhesubjectwhichusuallybreaksthe_____.A.iceB.icebergC.topicD.instance 163.Jameswasweakfromalong_____.Ithinkheshouldhavegoodrestandenoughnutrition (营养).A.diseaseB.sicknessC.illnessD.unhappiness164.Somepeopleheredon'tworkhardbuttheygetagood_______fromtheirinvestments.A.wageB.earningsC.incomeD.salary165.InAmerica,theteen-agecrimeisonthe_______.ThisiswhattheAmericanpublicwor rymost.A.additionB.increaseC.increasingD.independence166.Asweallknow,_____isveryfamousforitssoftwareindustrythoughitisadevelopin gcountry.A.JapanB.SouthKoreaC.IndiaD.Ireland 167.Whichofthefollowingwordsdoesnotbelongtothesamecategory?_____A.instituteB.collegermationdeskD.institution168.Readthe______ontheboxcarefullybeforeyoutakethemedicine.A.instructionsB.teachingsC.advicesD.interpretation 169.Thepeopleperformingallplaydifferent_______andthreeofthemsing,too.A.toolsB.musicalmachinesC.instrumentsD.means170.Solongasyouworkhardenough,a(an)_____rodcanbegroundintoaneedle.(prov.)A.steelB.stickC.goldD.iron171.Youshould putdownyourjacket,otherwisebothofyouwillhaveaquarrel.Thatwillm akethingsworse.Theunderlinedpartprobablymeans_____.A.wearyourjacketB.takeoffyourjacketC.notbeexcitedD.throwawaythejacket172.SincethedisasterofSeptember11,Americaneconomyhas gotintoajam.Theunderlin edpartprobablymeans_____.A.hadalotoftroubleB.becomeverygoodC.gotintoastopD.developedrapidly173.OneofmyJapanesefriendssentmetwo_____,butIdidn’tacceptthem.A.jewelsB.jewelC.jewelryD.jewelries174.Theteacheraskedhisstudentstohelptheoldladytodosomehouseworkandtheymadea good_____ofit.A.jobB.workC.taskD.justice 175.Ipreferredtogotherebyplane,butIhadn'tenoughmoneytopayforthe_______.A.tripB.voyageC.journeyD.tour176.Threetimestheaccusedwasbroughttocourtfortrail,hewassentencedhalfayear’simprisonmentbythe_____.wyerB.officialC.officerD.judge177.YoushouldturntoMrs.Green.Sheisthe keyfigure inthecompany.Theunderlinedpar tprobablymeans_____.A.apersonwhohasthekeyB.averyimportantpersonC.anewproductD.anewpoliceman178.Therearefourbasic_____ofbloodinthehumanbody.Whatdoyoubelongto,A,B,ABorO ?A.kindsB.sortsC.typesD.classes 179.InChina,themajorityofmenearntheirlivingbymanual______.bourB.taskC.jobD.work180.Thereisa_____ofunderstandingbetweenthem.Otherwise,theywillbegoodfriends .A.sufficiencyB.abundanceC.adequacyck 181.Inthehospital,therearealotof_____.diesdoctorsdydoctorsdiesdoctorD.womandoctors 182.Totheseacaptain’ssurprise,hefoundthattravelcouldalsobequitepleasant.A.earthndC.groundD.plain183.Hearingthefunnyspeechgivenbythefamousprofessor,allofusburstinto_____.ughedughterughingugh184.Innotimethelocustscamedownandstartedeatingeverything---thewheat,thecorn ,thegrassandeventhe_____onthetree.A.leafB.leafsC.lemonD.leaves185.WhenIwasatschool,IhadtolearnaTangpoembyeachweek.A.earB.mouthC.heartD.eye186.Thepost-graduatewantstobeapart-timeinthecapitallibrarywherehecanreadsom erareandpreciousbooks.A.libraryB.librarianC.assistantD.help187.Theactorisveryforgetful.Heoftenforgetshisandhisgroupcan’tworkregularly.A.lineB.litterC.licenseD.lines188.Thetruckiscarryingaofbananas.AllthesewillbesenttothenorthofChina.A.loafB.lidC.loadD.burdens189.“”isawordinBritishEnglish,whichhasthesamemeaningas“truck”inAmericanEnglish,suchas:“lift/elevator”,“autumn/fall”and “luggage/baggage”.A.LorryB.CarriageC.mini-busD.Coach190.Whatimpressedmemostwasthattheyneverevenwhentheyfailedonceagain.A.lostheartsB.losttheirheartC.lostheartD.losttheirhearts 191.Thingswentwellforhimduringhisearlylifebutinmiddleagehisseemedtochange.A.chanceB.successC.wayD.luck192.Youareonlyallowedtotakelessthan30kilogramsofcarry-on(随身携带的)ontoaplane.A.foodB.luggageC.fruitsD.bag193.Youcanfindthetownonrecentifyouareafraidoflosingthewaythere.A.pictureB.drawingC.paintingD.maps194.Theoldfarmerwenttothenearbytosellhishomemadebasketeverymorning.A.fairB.marketC.monumentD.fairy195.Accordingtotheregulation,youcanonlyborrowaoftenbooksfromthelibrary.A.minimumB.majorityC.mainD.maximum196.OnSundaymorning,Motherboughtapieceofatthebutcher’s.A.fleshB.meatC.muscleD.vegetable197.MysisterisastudentoftraditionalChinese_____andfiveyearslatershewillbeco meadoctor.A.medicineB.amedicineC.medicinesD.medical198.Agoodisagreathelpinlearningforeignlanguages.A.mindB.thinkingC.ideaD.memory199.A_____isacardonwhichthenamesandpricesoffoodsprovidedinthehotel,restaura ntorcafeareprinted.A.maskB.notebookC.menuD.recipe200.Ifbyanychancesomeonecomestoseeme,askthemtoleavea.A.messageB.letterC.sentenceD.notice201.Don’tforceustoacceptyour pointofview.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedpart?A.objectionB.thinkingC.opinionD.method202.Thepoliceareofferingatoanyonewhocangiveinformationaboutthewantedcrimina l(通缉犯).A.priceB.prizeC.rewardD.money203.Hawkseatmorefield_____than_____.Weshouldtakegoodcareofthemandnotkillthe mA.mouse…chickenB.mice…chickenC.mouse…chickensD.mice…chickens 204.TherailwaysinChinabelongto______,whereastheonesinJapan,totheprivate..A.thenationB.thecountryC.thestateD.theland 205.Thereare56___________inChinaalltogetherandtheygetonwellwitheachotherino ursocialistbigfamily.A.nationsB.racesC.nationalitiesD.people206.Mycousinisasailor.He'sdoingverywellinthe_______.A.armyB.navyC.airforceD.boat207.Afterafewdays’hardwork,theworkershavebrokentheneckoftheproject.Theunderlinedpartproba blymeans_____.A.theworkershavedamagedtheprojectB.theworkershavedelayedtheprojectC.theworkershavegotridoftheprojectD.theworkershavefinishedthemostdifficultpartoftheproject.208.His_________,hissister'sson,wasadmittedtoBeijingUniversitythisyear.A.cousinB.nieceC.nephewD.grandson 209.Veryloud______canmakepeopleill,orevendrivethemmad.A.voicesB.soundsC.noiseD.noises 210.Ifoundmy_____openwhenIopenedmydrawer.SomeonemusthavereadwhatIwroteinit.A.novelB.notebookC.walletD.dictionary参考答案141—145BACDA 146—150ACCDC151—155DBCBA 156—160BBDAB 161—165CACCB166—170CCACD 171—175CAAAC176—180DBCAC 181—185BBBDC 186—190BDCAC191—195DBDBD 196—200BADCA201—205CCDCA 206—210BDCCB****************************************************结束211—215BDCAA 216—220CADCC 221—225BDACA226—230BADDB 231—235BADDB 236—240BBBDA241—245CDDDC 246—250CAADB251—255BACBA 256—260BAABB 261—265BAABC266—270BCDAB 271—275DCACA276—280DADAD 281—285ACBAC 286—290DCDAB**************************************************结束。

全国卷一英语答案解析A【文章大意】本文提供了学生们在假期可以参与的几个项目，以增加他们的工作经验。

B 【解析：根据文中“Summer Holiday”部分中“run their own summer business”可知选B。

其他三项均未提及。

】D【解析：根据文中“Stewardship Youth Ranger Program”部分中第二段“Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire.”可知选D。

】D【解析：由题干提取关键词语“the disabled”，根据最后“Summer Employment Opportunities （机会）”中最后一词“disability”可知选D。

】B【文章大意】本文通过Chris从不敢发言到当众演讲的转变，引出了Whaley为了激发孩子们自信心而设计的教学方法。

B【解析：根据第二段段首“But he’s nervous,”可知答案在此句前后。

由第一段末尾“public speaking”可知选B。

】A【解析：A意为不必要的停顿；B意为高傲无礼；C意为拼写错误；D意为无聊、愚蠢的笑话。

由于文章背景为“speech day”，Chris正在做演讲，且前文提到他因过于紧张而支支吾吾，所以选A。

】A【解析：根据文章第五段可知，Whaley从一次和学生的互动中感受到学生们对自己并没有信心。

从而产生“want these kids to learn to boast（夸耀）about themselves”的想法，故选A。

易误选B，但由该段“more than just learning to read and speak in public”可排除。

】C【解析：由第四段“a great teacher to lets you make mistakes”和第五段Whaley对学生们缺乏自信感到担忧并设法帮助他们正视自己。

】C【文章大意】本文对于新兴的生物测量技术进行了简单介绍。

三年（2017-2019）年高考真题分项汇编专题01 冠词、名词一、2019年高考真题1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】26.Nowadays the ___________ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.A. priorityB. potentialC. proportionD. pension 【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。

句意：当今，旅行的重点从购物转变成了品尝美食和欣赏风景。

A. priority 优先；优先权；B. potential 潜在的，可能的；C. proportion 比例，占比；D. pension 退休金，抚恤金。

故选A 。

2.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】7.We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a(n) ___________on our lives in many ways.A. statementB. impactC. impressionD. judgment 【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

句意：我们能够看到人工智能在许多方面已经对我们的生活产生了强烈的影响。

statement“陈述说明”； impact“强烈的影响，冲击力”； impression“印象，感想”； judgement“判断力判断”。

故选B 。

3.【2019·新课标I 卷·语法填空】Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.【答案】the【解析】考查定冠词。

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国I卷）英语注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例:How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是C。

1.Where does this conversation take place?A. In a classroom.B. In a hospital.C. In a museum.【答案】B【详解】此为听力题，解析略。

2.What does Jack want to do?A. Take fitness classes.B. Buy a pair of gym shoes.C. Change his work schedule.【答案】A【详解】此为听力题，解析略。

3.What are the speakers talking about?A. What to drink.B. Where to meet.C. When to leave.【答案】B【详解】此为听力题，解析略。

4.What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Colleges.B. Classmates.C. Strangers.【答案】C【详解】此为听力题，解析略。

专题一冠词、名词和主谓一致1.【2015·湖北】21.When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his ___ and had a bad fall.A. balance B .chance C .memory D .place【答案】A【考点定位】名词词义辨析【名师点睛】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析名词词义的能力。

四个选项都可以跟前面的动词lose搭配。

考生应抓住题干中关键信息“had a bad fall（重重地摔了一跤）”，不禁会产生疑问：怎么会摔了一跤呢？然后根据搭配l ose one’s balance“失去平衡”锁定正确答案。

2.【2015·湖北】22.He gave himself a new name to hide his ____ when he went to carry out the secret task.A. emotionB. talentC. identityD. treasure【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：他执行一项秘密任务时，给自己起了一个新的名字来掩盖身份。

A项“情绪”；B项“才能”；C项“身份”；D项“财富”。

故选C项。

【考点定位】名词词义辨析【名师点睛】考生解答本题的关键是抓住题干中的关键词“secret task（秘密任务）”和“ gave himself a new name（给自己取了个新名字）”，然后推知肯定是为了“hide his identity （掩藏身份）”，从而锁定正确答案。

3.【2015·安徽】30.There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some ______ and then let me know.A. thoughtB. supportC. protectionD. authority【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：现在没必要告诉我答案，你再思考一下，之后告诉我。

【2019高考真题精选】1.（2019福建卷）26. —Could you tell me the____ of making such tasty cakes?— Well, I just follow the directons in the cookbook.A. featureB. planC. costD. trick2.（2019湖北卷）21. Her ______ for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.A. motivationB. qualificationC. talentD. technique3.（2019湖北卷）22. When Richard said, “You are much more agreeable and prettier now,” J oan’s face turnedred at the unexpected ______.A. commandB. comparisonC. complimentD. contribution4.（2019江苏卷）27. She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful in lastyear's election.A. symbolB. portraitC. identityD. statue5.（2019天津卷）3.Wind is now the world’s fastest growing ________ of power.A. sourceB. senseC. resultD. root6.（2019浙江卷）6. We most prefer to say yes to the ______ of someone we know and like.A. attemptsB. requestsC. doubtsD. promises【2013高考真题精选（2013·浙江）4.As the world’s population continues to grow, the ___of food becomes more and more of a concern.A.worthB. supplyC. packageD. list（2013·浙江）2.Mary worked here as a ____ secretary and ended up getting a full-time job with the company.A.pessimisticB. temporaryC. previousD. cautious（2013·福建卷)22. _____ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.A. KnownB. Having knownC. KnowingD. Being known（2013·湖北卷)21. Poetry written from the ______ of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.A. perspectiveB. priorityC. participationD. priv ilege（2013·辽宁卷)23.The accident caused some _____ to my car,but it ’s nothing serious.A.harmB.injuryC.ruinD.damage【2012山东卷】24. My first _______ of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.A. expressionB. attentionC.satisfactionD. impressionD.【2012福建卷】25. 一Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?一Well, you know, English is my . So it is my best choice.A. strengthB. talentC. abilityD.' skill【2012浙江卷】7. Your a s a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.A. operationB. growthC. performanceD. character【2012湖北卷】29. It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any ________.A. symptomB. similarityC. sampleD. shadow【2012湖北卷】30. The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct ________ in applying for a visa.A. patternB. procedureC. programD. perspective【2012江苏卷】21. — Can I help you with it?— I appreciate your , but I can manage it myself.A. adviceB. questionC. offerD. idea【2012江西卷】29．You’d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for futureA．purpose B．reference C．progress D．MemoryB．【2012四川卷】15. He will come to understand your efforts sooner or later. It’s just a matter o f _____.A.luckB. valueC. timeD. factB.【2012全国II】19. The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in great ______ in this cityA. quantityB. progressC. productionD. demand（2011山东卷,34﹚There’s a _____ in our office that when it’s somebody’s birthday, they bring in a cake forus all to share.A. traditionB. balanceC. concernD. relationship（2011江苏卷,32﹚We’d better discuss everything _______ before we work out the plan.A．in de tail B．in general C．on purpose D．on time（2011江苏卷,27﹚Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional _____.A．consequence B．independence C．competence D．intelligence（2011浙江卷,18﹚Anyway, I can’t cheat him—it’s against all my ____.A. emotionsB. principlesC. regulationsD. opinions（2011福建卷,26﹚The lack of eco-friendly habits among the public is thought to be a major of global climate change.A.resultB.causeC.warningD.reflection（2011四川卷,13﹚Always remember to put such dangerous things as knives out of children’s .A.touchB.sightC.reachD.distance（2011湖北卷,30﹚When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers w ould prefer to see him step aside _________ younger men.A. in terms ofB. in need ofC. in favor ofD. in praise of（2011江西卷31﹚What’s the_____, in your opinion, of helping him if he doesn’t make an effort to help himself?A.sympathyB.themeC.objectD.point（2010安徽﹚I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond_______A. hearing B strength C. recognition D. measure（2010江西﹚Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000, a (n) ______ of 40,000 per year.A averageB numberC amountD quantity（2010山东﹚Those who suffer from headache will find they get ______ from this medicine.A. reliefB. safetyC. defenseD. shelter（2010天津﹚James took the magazines off the little table to make for the television.A. roomB. areaC. fieldD. position。

2019 年高考英语语法必考考点（1）：名词含解析【考点解读】研究近年来高考题我们不难看出，名词部分主要考察名词的词义辨析和习惯搭配、名词的数 ( 可数与不可数、单数与复数 ) 、名词的所有格、抽象名词的具体化、物质名词的量化、词性转换、名词和冠词的搭配以及主谓一致等。

在高考试题中，名词常结合其他项目一起考察，考察题型以短文改错、完形填空、语篇中的名词词义理解、单项选择、及写作部分等。

对名词的考察一般放在名词词义辨析（特别是同义词和近义词的辨析）、名词的习惯用法、一词多义、抽象名词具体化、词性转换、名词动用等方面。

1、对同义词、近义词的考查如： At the meeting they discussed three different _______ to the study of mathematics.A. approachesB. meansC. methodsD. ways【答案】 D。

【解析】在会议上他们讨论了三种不同的学习数学的方法。

way 意为“方式，方法”，可指具体的方法，也可指抽象的方法，多指一般的思想、行动、办事的方法，也可指个人特殊的方式、方法。

approach意为“接近，靠近，方式，方法”，指接近某人或某事，也可指对待或处理事情的方式或方法。

mean意为“方式，方法”，用于抽象意义，可指为达到某一目的而采用的方法、计划、政策、策略等，尤指整套方法; 用于具体意义，常指为达到某一目的所使用的工具、材料、机器、用具、车船等。

method 意为“方式，方法”，指具体的、系统的、有步骤的方法，强调条理性及高效率。

【点睛】面对英语学习中的大量近义词，仅凭母语我们往往无法把它们真正理解和解释清楚。

要尽可能地多翻阅英语词典，注意并比较它们的基本义，用英语的思维方式和语言来解释和理解它们。

2、对相似词的考查如： Always read the _______ on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.A. explanationsB. instructionsC. descriptionsD. introductions【答案】 B。