最新上海中考英语语法重点整理

上海中考英语各语法点基础考点归纳冠词一、固定词组1. 有些固定词组中有the : in the middle of, go to the cinema/ movies, play the violin/ piano/ guitar, in the end, the same2. 有些词组中不用任何冠词： by bus, play football, play chess, go to school, go to bed, at first, lose weight3. 有些词组中加a: catch a bus, in a hurry, take a walk,二、专有名词前1.国家、城市等专有名词前不加the : Shanghai, in New York, in America，但是 the United Sates 要加 the2. 由普通名词构成的专有名词前加the Great Wall,3. 江河、海洋、山川前加the: the Yangtze River, the Pacific, the Yellow Mountains 三．一日三餐、四季、一星期七天及十二个月，next前不加任何冠词1. for breakfast/lunch/supper2. in spring/ summer /autumn /winter3.on Monday /Tuesday /Wednesday /Thursday /Friday /Saturday / Sunday4.inJanuary,February,March,April,May,June,July,August,September,October,November,D ecember四、宇宙中独一无二的事物，序数词，形容词最高级，only所修饰的名词前用the1. the sun, the moon, the earth2. the eighth, the twelfth, the twentieth, the fourth3. the biggest, the most popular4. the only key 五、形容词加the, 表示这一类人the blind, the deaf, the old, the rich, the poor六、单词前面用“an”还是“a”取决于单词开头的读音是否是原音1. a: a useful dictionary, a university student, a European village, a one-eyed captain, a uniform2. an: an hour, an honest girl, an e-mail, an important letter, an exchange student, an uncle an X-ray photograph, an MBA course,There is __an __”f” in the word “first”. ( f, h, l, m, n, s, x, r, )介词分类记忆：一、时间介词具体哪一天on, 几点钟前用at, 年、月份前用in, 早上、下午、晚上用in, 但是具体某一天的早上、下午、晚上用on。

上海中考英语必考语法点梳理⼀. 宾语从句1. 宾语从句的含义在整个句⼦中做宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。

如：She knew that the teacher had seen the film.她知道这位⽼师看过这部电影。

（“that the teacher had seen the film”做knew 的宾语，同时⼜是由连接词that 引导的从句，所以它叫做宾语从句。

）2. 宾语从句的分类（1）动词宾语从句：顾名思义，它是位于动词后⾯的宾语从句。

例如：He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class．他问我们班上谁的书法最好。

（2）介词宾语从句：顾名思义，它是位于介词后⾯的宾语从句。

例如：I agree with what you said just now.我同意你刚才说的话。

（3）形容词宾语从句：顾名思义，它是位于形容词后⾯的宾语从句。

例如：I am afraid that I will be late. 恐怕我要迟到了。

3. 引导名词性从句的连接词（1）that：没有含义，在宾语从句中不做成分（2）whether/if：表⽰是否，在宾语从句中不做成分。

I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道这么多年后，他是否还住在这⾥。

（3）连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose（在宾语从句中做主、宾、表和定语）连接副词：where, when, how, why（在宾语从句中做状语）The small children don't know what is in their stockings．（what 在宾语从句中做主语）这些⼩孩⼦不知道什么在他们的长筒袜⾥。

Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning？（why 在宾语从句中做原因状语）你能告诉我为什么你今天早上开会迟到吗？4. 在做宾语从句的题⽬时应注意两点（1）时态①当主句是现在时态时，宾语从句可以根据需要使⽤任何时态。

上海市初中英语语法和知识点上海市初中英语语法和知识点：介词的主要用法介词是一种虚词,不能独立使用。

介词之后一般有名词或代词(宾格)或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句作它的宾语,即构成介词短语。

有些介词是由两个以上的词构成的短语介词,如：out of(从…中出来), because of(因为), away from(距离…), on top of(在…顶上), ever since(自从…), next to(在…隔壁), according to(根据…), in front of(在…前方)等。

上海市初中英语语法和知识点：介词的分类地点(位置、范围)介词：above在…前, about在…附近, across在…对面, after在…后面, against倚着..., along在…近旁, among在…中间, around 在…周围, round在….周围, at在…处, before在...前, behind在...后, below低于..., beside在...旁边, between在...之间, by在...旁, down在...下面, from来自..., in在...里面, inside在...里面, near靠近..., of在...之中, on在...上面, out of在...之外, outside在....外面, over在....上方, under在...下方, up在...上面, on top of在...顶部, in front of在...前, close to靠近..., in the middle of在...的中间, at the end of在...的末端,等等。

方向(目标趋向)介词：across横越..., against对抗..., along沿着..., around绕着..., round环绕..., at朝着..., behind向…后面, etween…and…从…到...,by路过/通过..., down向…下, for向..., from从/离..., in进入..., into进入..., inside到...里面, near接近..., off脱离/除..., on 向...上, out of向...外, outside向....外, over跨过..., past经过/超过...,through穿过..., to向/朝..., towards朝着..., on to到...上面, onto到...上面, up向...上, away from远离...时间介词：about大约..., after在…以后, at在… (时刻), before在…以前, by到…为止, during在…期间, for有…(之久), from从…(时)起, in 在(上/下午);在(多久)以后, on在(某日), past过了…(时), since自从…(至今), through 贯穿…(期间), till直到…时, until直到…时, to到(下一时刻), ever since从那时起至今,at the beginning of在...开始时 ,at the end of在...末 , in the middle of在...当中 ,at the time of在...时方式介词：as作为/当作..., by用/由/乘坐/被..., in用…(语言), like 与…一样, on骑(车)/徒(步),通过(收音机/电视机), over通过(收音机), through通过..., with用(材料),用(手/脚/耳/眼), without没有…涉及介词: about关于..., except除了…, besides除了…还... for对于/就…而言, in在…(方面), of…的,有关..., on关于/有关..., to对…而言, towards针对..., with就…而言其它介词:【目的介词】 for为了..., from防止…, to为了…【原因介词】 for因为..., with由于…, because of因为...【比较介词】 as与…一样,like象…一样,than比...,to与…相比, unlike 与…不同【伴随/状态介词】 against和…一起(比赛),at在(上班/休息/上学/家,etc.),in穿着…(衣服/颜色),into变成...,on在(值日), with与…一起,有/带着/长着..., without没有/无/不与…一起上海市初中英语语法和知识点：介词短语的句法作用介词短语相当于一个形容词或副词,可用作状语、定语和表语。

中考英语语法专题:连词A. since 自从；既然（=now that）Since you know the truth, there’s no need to hide it anymore.Since I met you, my life has changed for the better.Now that you are not interested, I won’t force you.翻译：既然你犯了错误，你就应该道歉。

______________________________________________________________________________B. as 因为；当…时候As it was getting dark, we hurried home.As she was leaving, she turned and waved goodbye.翻译：当我在公园散步时，我看到了一只鸟从树上飞走。

_______________________________________________________________________________ 因为她累了，所以她很早就上床睡觉了。

_______________________________________________________________________________C. for 因为I couldn’t attend the meeting for I was ill.The ground is wet all over for it rained heavily last night.翻译：她肯定匆忙出发了，因为门忘了锁。

_______________________________________________________________________________D. so that 为了（表示目的=in order that从句或in order to do）I got up early so that I could catch the first bus.I got up early in order to catch the first bus.翻译: 她努力学习为了能通过考试。

上海中考英语各语法点考点归纳Article:There are certain rules when it comes to using articles in English。

Let's take a look at them.Firstly。

there are some fixed phrases that always use "the"。

such as "in the middle of"。

"go to the ___"。

"play ___/guitar"。

"in the end"。

and "the same"。

On the other hand。

there are some phrases that don't require any article。

such as "by bus"。

"play football"。

"play chess"。

"go to school"。

"go to bed"。

"at first"。

and "lose weight"。

Finally。

there are some phrases that requirethe use of "a"。

such as "catch a bus"。

"in a hurry"。

and "take a walk".Secondly。

when it ___。

we don't usually use "the" beforethe name of a country or a city。

上海初三英语知识点一、动词不定式1. 构成：动词不定式由“to + 动词原形”构成。

2. 用法：a) 作主语：动词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用单数。

如：To get there by bike will take us half an hour.b) 作宾语：后面能接不定式作宾语的动词有：agree，ask，choose，decide，forget，hope，learn，want，wish，would like等。

如：We hope to get there before dark.c) 作宾语补足语：有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语，也可跟动名词作宾语，但含义不同。

如：remember to do（记住要做某事）；remember doing（记得曾经做过某事）；forget to do （忘记要做某事）。

二、感官动词1. 五个感官动词：look，sound，taste，smell，feel。

2. 用法：感官动词后接形容词，如：The music sounds good.三、变化动词1. 变得：become，get，grow，turn等。

2. 不变：stay，remain，keep等。

四、代词1. 单数：both，either，neither，all，every，none等。

2. 复数：yours，ours，theirs等。

五、情态动词1. 可能性：can，may，might，could等。

2. 能力：can，be able to等。

3. 允许：can，may等。

4. 建议：can，may，could等。

六、疑问词1. 常用疑问词：what，how，why，where，when，who，which等。

2. 特殊疑问词：how often，how soon，how long，how much等。

七、时态1. 一般现在时：表示习惯动作或现在事实。

2. 一般过去时：表示过去发生的动作或事实。

3. 一般将来时：表示将来要发生的动作或事实。

xx语法整理be busy doing sth.例： Look! This new couple are busy _________ their new flat.A. decoratingB. to decorateC. decoratesD. decorate2．tell sb to do sth.例： He told Laura to take care of ___________. Don’t be too busy.A. she B. her C. hers D. herself 例： Father often tells Tom___________ too much time playing video games. A) don't spend B) to notspend C) not to spend D)doesn't spend3．keep/make sth. + adj.例 The head teacher asked all the students to help keep the school_______..A. cleanly B. clean C. clear D. clearly例 Let's do something together to keep our Earth ___________. (save)4.find it + adj. to do sth.例 The old man at th6bus stop found it difficult for him to ___________the crowded bus.A) get up B)get on C)get off D) get along5.It is + adj. for sb. to do sth.It is important for us to ___________ our friendship. (strong)It's ___________ for a boy of four to work out such a difficult problem. (possible)6.so⋯that⋯The girl was so ___________ that she hid herself behind the door.(frighten)⋯ ..some句型一些。

上海中考英语各语法点基础考点归纳WEIHUA system office room 【WEIHUA 16H-WEIHUA WEIHUA8Q8-冠词一、固定词组1. 有些固定词组中有the : in the middle of, go to the cinema/ movies, play the violin/ piano/ guitar, in the end, the same2. 有些词组中不用任何冠词： by bus, play football, play chess, go to school, go to bed, at first, lose weight3. 有些词组中加a: catch a bus, in a hurry, take a walk,二、专有名词前1.国家、城市等专有名词前不加the : Shanghai, in New York, in America，但是 the United Sates 要加 the2. 由普通名词构成的专有名词前加the Great Wall,3. 江河、海洋、山川前加the: the Yangtze River, the Pacific, the Yellow Mountains 三．一日三餐、四季、一星期七天及十二个月，next前不加任何冠词1. for breakfast/lunch/supper2. in spring/ summer /autumn /winterMonday /Tuesday /Wednesday /Thursday /Friday /Saturday / Sunday,February,March,April,May,June,July,August,September,October,November,December四、宇宙中独一无二的事物，序数词，形容词最高级，only所修饰的名词前用the1. the sun, the moon, the earth2. the eighth, the twelfth, the twentieth, the fourth3. the biggest, the most popular4. the only key五、形容词加the, 表示这一类人the blind, the deaf, the old, the rich, the poor六、单词前面用“an”还是“a”取决于单词开头的读音是否是原音1. a: a useful dictionary, a university student, a European village, a one-eyed captain, a uniform2. an: an hour, an honest girl, an e-mail, an important letter, an exchange student, an uncle an X-ray photograph, an MBA course,There is __an __”f” in the word “first”. ( f, h, l, m, n, s, x, r, ) 分类记忆：一、时间介词具体哪一天on一天的早上、下词On Christmas二、地点介词三、短语中固定care for, based the key to the d 四、方式介词by bus, by train write with a pen 五、表示形容词of/ among + 代John was the fir一、人称代词1.顺序：单数：John sits amongA. Mary…you2.主格宾格：主The journalist iI show_______3. 名词性物主代The cinema in o them,. their, the Mum, have youa friend of mine/ his/ my father’sI ______ we______ you_______ he_______ her________ they_______4、反身代词enjoy oneself , help oneself to sth, learn…by oneself= teach oneselfI made it myself.I ______ we______ you_______ he_______ her________ they_______ it________不定代词other, others, another, the othersSome…._______ One…_________another + 可数名词的单数固定词组一个接着一个 _________________Will you please show me _________ one?Have _______ try, and you’ll succeed.2.形容词修饰不定代词、形容词后置something necessary, neither______, both______, all_______, none________The report says __________ of the two countries in Asia supports the war.After you get off the bus, you can take ________ of the two Metro Lines to Zhongshan Park.either side both sides, a few, little, a littleIt’s unusual for him to be so active because he is often a boy of _______ words.A. fewB. littleC. manyD. much数词1、two hundred/ thousand, hundreds/thousands of , 前面如果有more than, less than , over, about 等词时，用确切的数据 about/ more than two hundred people2、数字的读法，百位和十位之间用and 3653、序数词的拼写One_______ , two__________, three_________ Four________, five________,eight_________, twelve________, nine_______, twenty_________, twenty-one_____________5.分数1/2____________ 2/3__________, 3/ 4_________, 3/5_________ 6、百分比 37、日期表达two hours and a a ten-year-old He is over fifty It’s ten minutes1. 变复数potato______ to 他加es)boy______ toy beach________ life, thief ,leaf, 2. 可数名词与不many children a few books some boysa couple of day 修饰可数名词的修饰不可数名词既修饰可数名词3. 名词所有格my father’s frie1、形容词的用1）系动词后做2）在名词前作定语 It’s a funny comedy3）修饰不定代词在不定代词之后 There is something wrong with my watch.4）在宾语之后作宾语补足语 The good news made Bob’s mother excited.You’d better keep the window open.2、副词的用法：1）修饰行为动词 He drives carefully.2）修饰形容词 The food is quite delicious.3）修饰整个句子 Luckily, he still got the first prize3、much, far, a little, a bit, a lot, even等词修饰形容词比较级The Bund looks much _________ at night. (pretty)He looks a little __________(happy)4. 既是形容词又是副词的：early ,fast, hard, high , late5、as…as not as/ so…as句型中间用形容词或者副词的原级，所以可以先排除比较级和最高级，选副词还是形容词，看是否修饰行为动词The driver drove as ___________ as usual.A. most carefullyB. more carefulC. carefulD. carefully6、一些特殊句型The 比较级主语+谓语， the 比较级主语+谓语，The earlier…, the better…the fastest in our class， one of the longest rivers， the second longest river， better and better疑问词How far (ten minutes’ walk)How soon (in ten minutes)How fast (a mile in ten minutes)How long (for ten minutes)How often (twice a day)How many (two) How much (tw 1. He went to th ______ ____ 2. We have a cl ______ ____ 3. This sign me ______ ____ 4. London held ______ did L 5. The students ______ ____连系动词:动词 2.感官动3.表示变化的:持的：keep, sta情态动词:May I watch TV Must I do the w may be 可能You needn’t he1. We ___A) may B2. A: ______ I B: No, you nA) May B3. My motA) must B 使役动词：ma 动词的时态和语一般现在时主1、表示现在经usually ,so2、表示客观事实或普遍真理；The sun rises in the east.3、由when, before, after, if, unless, as soon as 引导的从句，主句用将来时从句用一般现在时I will tell him as soon as he comes back.一般过去时主语+did1、常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last week, three years ago , in 1987, at the time , in the past2、过去习惯性动作 used to do一般将来时 will/ shall do1、shall, will + 动词原型构成一般将来时；2、am (is , are) going to + 动词原型，表示近期打算去做的事情或可能要发生的事情；there is going to be3、表示“去向”的动词，可以用进行时表示将来时 come, go, arrive, leave, leave forI’m leaving for Beijing the day after tomorrow.现在进行时 am/ is/ are + doing常用时间状语now, at present , for the time being, look, listen, be carefulLook, Jane’s grandma ________ with some aged people.A. dancesB. dancedC. is dancingD. was dancing过去进行时 was/ were + doing常用时间状语 at that moment, this time yesterday, at six yesterday morning, from two to three yesterday afternoon.也常用于when 和while引导的时间状语从句When I was having dinner with my family last night, the telephone rang.现在完成时 have/ has + done1.常用的时间状语和副词: never, ever, already, yet, just, recently, so far, up to now, in the past 10 years.2. already & yeI have already rI _____ read th3. since&forI have learned EI have learned E4. 延续性动词和Ｉ______ this b A. have bought 现在完成时 h 1.表示过去的过school2. 用于主句为一He told me that 被动语态：1.构成：be+及2. 时态的变化主一般现在时 am 现在完成时 h 情态动词sh3. 先划出句子的Jane wrote seve Several articles ————2. wr articles , 因此是非谓语动词1—1. 主语 To be a teacher is my dream2. 宾语 I want to buy a new bike3. 表语 My father’ s job is to make sick people better.4. 定语 We have got a new project to do5. 宾语补足语 Our headmaster asked us to work hard6. 动词不定式作形式主语 It is difficult to learn English well7. 动词不定式作宾语的动词常见的有：ask, want, tell, agree, advise, decide, plan, promise, refuse, hope, fail8. 宾语从句改成简单句I don’t know what I can do nextI don’t know _____ ______ do next.9. 有些动词后作宾补省略to一感feel，二听listen to, hear，三让make, let, have，四看see, watch, notice, observe 非谓语动词2——动名词1. 主语 Smoking isn’t allowed in public places2. 宾语 Tom enjoys traveling around the world.3. 表语 My hobby is collecting stamps4. 动名词作宾语的动词 enjoy, finish, keep, mind, spend, go, practise.反意疑问句1、划出句子中的谓语部分You could hardly believe the news,____ _____?情态动词有： can, could, may, must, should, need, shall, will, would, ought to2、有些动词的过去式与原形同形cost，set, cut, put, set, fit, read, spreadThe bad news spread fast, ____ _____?3、有些词表示否定的意思little, never, sel4、判断现在完He has a little o Jack has never5、反意部分只么。

冠词一、固定词组1. 有些固定词组中有the : in the middle of, go to the cinema/ movies, play the violin/ piano/ guitar, in the end, the same2. 有些词组中不用任何冠词：by bus, play football, play chess, go to school, go to bed, at first, lose weight3. 有些词组中加a: catch a bus, in a hurry, take a walk,二、专有名词前1.国家、城市等专有名词前不加the : Shanghai, in New York, in America，但是the United Sates 要加the2. 由普通名词构成的专有名词前加the Great Wall,3. 江河、海洋、山川前加the: the Yangtze River, the Pacific, the Yellow Mountains 三．一日三餐、四季、一星期七天及十二个月，next前不加任何冠词1. for breakfast/lunch/supper2. in spring/ summer /autumn /winter3.on Monday /Tuesday /Wednesday /Thursday /Friday /Saturday / Sunday4.inJanuary,February,March,April,May,June,July,August,September,October,November,De cember四、宇宙中独一无二的事物，序数词，形容词最高级，only所修饰的名词前用the1. the sun, the moon, the earth2. the eighth, the twelfth, the twentieth, the fourth3. the biggest, the most popular4. the only key五、形容词加the, 表示这一类人the blind, the deaf, the old, the rich, the poor六、单词前面用“an”还是“a”取决于单词开头的读音是否是原音1. a: a useful dictionary, a university student, a European village, a one-eyed captain, a uniform2. an: an hour, an honest girl, an e-mail, an important letter, an exchange student, an unclean X-ray photograph, an MBA course,There is __an __”f” in the word “first”. ( f, h, l, m, n, s, x, r, )介词分类记忆：一、时间介词具体哪一天on, 几点钟前用at, 年、月份前用in, 早上、下午、晚上用in, 但是具体某一天的早上、下午、晚上用on。

上海市初中英语语法和知识点初中英语知识点是贯穿于基础英语学习中的一条主线。

下面是我为大家带来的上海市初中英语语法和知识点，相信对你会有帮助的。

上海市初中英语语法和知识点：介词的主要用法介词是一种虚词,不能独立使用。

介词之后一般有名词或代词(宾格)或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句作它的宾语,即构成介词短语。

有些介词是由两个以上的词构成的短语介词,如：out of(从…中出来), because of(因为), away from(距离…), on top of(在…顶上), ever since(自从…), next to(在…隔壁), according to(根据…), in frontof(在…前方)等。

上海市初中英语语法和知识点：介词的分类地点(位置、范围)介词：above在…前, about在…附近, across在…对面, after在…后面, against倚着..., along在…近旁, among在…中间, around在…周围, round 在….周围, at在…处, before在...前, behind在...后, below低于..., beside在...旁边, between在...之间, by 在...旁, down在...下面, from来自..., in在...里面, inside在...里面, near靠近..., of在...之中, on在...上面, out of在...之外, outside在....外面, over在....上方, under在...下方, up在...上面, on top of在...顶部,in front of在...前, close to靠近..., in the middle of 在...的中间, at the end of在...的末端,等等。

方向(目标趋向)介词：across横越..., against对抗..., along沿着..., around绕着..., round环绕..., at 朝着..., behind向…后面, etween…and…从…到...,by路过/通过..., down向…下, for向..., from从/离..., in进入..., into进入..., inside到...里面, near接近...,off脱离/除..., on向...上, out of向...外, outside 向....外, over跨过..., past经过/超过..., through穿过..., to向/朝..., towards朝着..., on to到...上面, onto到...上面, up向...上, away from远离...时间介词：about大约..., after在…以后, at 在… (时刻), before在…以前, by到…为止, during在…期间, for有…(之久), from从…(时)起, in在(上/下午);在(多久)以后, on在(某日), past过了…(时), since自从…(至今), through 贯穿…(期间), till直到…时, until 直到…时, to到(下一时刻), ever since从那时起至今,at the beginning of在...开始时 ,at the end of在...末 , in the middle of在...当中 ,at the time of在...时方式介词：as作为/当作..., by用/由/乘坐/被..., in用…(语言), like与…一样, on骑(车)/徒(步),通过(收音机/电视机), over通过(收音机), through通过..., with 用(材料),用(手/脚/耳/眼), without没有…涉及介词: about关于..., except除了…, besides 除了…还... for对于/就…而言, in在…(方面), of…的,有关..., on关于/有关..., to对…而言, towards针对..., with就…而言其它介词:【目的介词】 for为了..., from防止…, to为了…【原因介词】 for因为..., with由于…, because of因为...【比较介词】 as与…一样,like象…一样,than 比...,to与…相比, unlike与…不同【伴随/状态介词】 against和…一起(比赛),at在(上班/休息/上学/家,etc.),in穿着…(衣服/颜色),into变成...,on在(值日), with与…一起,有/带着/长着..., without没有/无/不与…一起上海市初中英语语法和知识点：介词短语的句法作用介词短语相当于一个形容词或副词,可用作状语、定语和表语。

中考语法整理be busy doing sth.例题：Look! This new couple are busy _________ their new flat.A。

decorating B。

to decorate C。

decorates D. decorate 2．tell sb to do sth.例题：He told Laura to take care of ___________。

Don’t be too busy.A。

she B。

her C。

hers D. herself例题:Father often tells Tom ___________ too much time playing video games.A）don't spend B) to not spend C）not to spend D）doesn't spend 3．keep/make sth。

+ adj.例题The head teacher asked all the students to help keep the school _______.。

A. cleanly B。

clean C。

clear D。

clearly例题Let's do something together to keep our Earth ___________. (save)4. find it + adj。

to do sth。

例题The old man at th6 bus stop found it difficult for him to ___________ the crowded bus。

A）get up B）get on C）get off D）get along5。

It is + adj。

for sb。

to do sth.It is important for us to ___________ our friendship。

30个重要句型精讲精练be busy doing sth.例题：Look! This new couple are busy _________ their new flat.A. decoratingB. to decorateC. decoratesD. decorate 2．tell sb to do sth.例题：He told Laura to take care of ___________. Don’t be too busy.A. sheB. herC. hersD. herself例题：Father often tells Tom ___________ too much time playing video games.A) don't spend B) to not spend C) not to spend D)doesn't spend 3．keep/make sth. + adj.例题The head teacher asked all the students to help keep the school _______..A. cleanly B. clean C. clear D. clearly例题Let's do something together to keep our Earth ___________. (save)4. find it + adj. to do sth.例题The old man at th6 bus stop found it difficult for him to ___________ the crowded bus.A) get up B) get on C) get off D) get along5. It is + adj. for sb. to do sth.It is important for us to ___________ our friendship. (strong)It's ___________ for a boy of four to work out such a difficult problem. (possible) 6.so … that…The girl was so ___________ that she hid herself behind the door. (frighten)7.some…..others 句型一些.....另一些.....Some.....the others句型一些.....其余的.....例题We can see many old people on the playground every morning. Some are miming(假唱）and ____________ are dancing,A) other B) the other C) others D) another 8．Sth looks +adj 看起来怎么样。

2023上海中考英语语法
2023年上海中考英语的语法点包括但不限于：
1. 名词：名词的复数形式、名词的所有格、名词的修饰语等。

2. 动词：动词的时态（现在时、过去时、将来时等）、动词的语态（主动语态、被动语态）、动词的非谓语形式（不定式、动名词等）。

3. 形容词和副词：形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形式、形容词和副词的修饰语等。

4. 介词：介词的基本用法、介词的固定搭配等。

5. 连词：并列连词、转折连词、条件连词等。

6. 句子结构：简单句、复合句、并列句等。

7. 从句：名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句等。

8. 虚拟语气：虚拟语气在条件句、宾语从句、主语从句等中的用法。

9. 倒装句：倒装句的基本形式和用法。

10. 强调句：强调句的基本形式和用法。

上海初中语法点汇总(牛津版) 牛津七年级第一学期Language:Module 1 RelationshipsUnit 1 Relatives in Beijing►1 形容词用于人物或事物之间比较方法►2 运用名词和副词来表示方位►3 以how开头疑问句4 能熟练运用by引导介词词组表达交通方式5 学会使用表示方位介词6 学会使用表示时间介词7 学会运用hundred，thousand和million来表示数量Unit 2 Our animal friends►1 用以wh- 开头特殊疑问句进行提问►2 用祈使句表示命令►3 以how开头疑问句4 能运用一般过去时谈论过去发生事情或动作5 掌握用代词one指代之前提到过人或物6 掌握用prefer表示偏好用法7 掌握用need to表示需要用法Unit 3 Friends from other countries►1介词near和far away from用法►2 现在完成时用法►3 用以wh- 开头特殊疑问句进行提问4 知道over表示“超过”5 了解不同国名和国籍表达方式6 掌握用there be句型表示客观存在7 掌握描述人物各类信息有关名词Module 2 My neighbourhoodUnit 4 Jobs people do►1 yes/no 问句(一般疑问句结构)►2 一般现在时用法► 3 用以wh- 开头特殊疑问句进行提问► 4 一般过去时态5 熟练一些职业名词6 学会用有关副词表示事情发展先后顺序7 熟悉work搭配不同介词用法8 掌握both使用方法Unit 5 Choosing a new flat►1 方位介词和介词词组用法►2 祈使句3 掌握用too加上形容词表示“太。

”用法4 掌握need后面直接加名词表示“需要”用法5 学会用某些副词修饰形容词比较级6 了解形容词最高级用法Unit 6 Different places►1 现在进行时用法►2 掌握when引导时间状语从句用法►3 学会运用because引导原因状语从句► 4 there be► 5 用以wh- 开头特殊疑问句进行提问6 掌握“it takes + 时间”句型7 掌握“it is + 形容词+ to do ...”句型8 掌握乘坐交通工具两种用法: by...,take the...9 掌握some，any，much, a lot of用法Unit 7 Signs around us►1 掌握情态动词can和must在本单元中用法► 2 用以wh- 开头特殊疑问句进行提问3 了解turn作名词和动词用法4 了解land作名词和动词用法5 学会用“what kind of + 名词”询问种类Module 3 Diet and healthUnit 8 Growing healthy, growing strong►1 掌握so/ neither引导倒装句►2 连词if用法►3 情态动词: used to用法►4 学会使用数量词5 学会用shall we和let's等表示建议6 掌握less, fewer和more用法7 学会用not... any longer表示“不再”Unit 9 International food festival► 1 用以wh- 开头特殊疑问句进行提问► 2 How 引导问句► 3 一般过去时态► 4 祈使句5 了解一些国名形容词形式6 学会用how much询问价格7 掌握动词hope用法8 掌握句型what do you think about ... ?用法9 熟悉词组hear from意思和用法Unit 10 A birthday party►1 一般将来时be going to用法► 2 时间副词: firstly► 3 情态动词: would like4 掌握常见电话用语5 学会用一般现在时表示将来6 学会感官动词后加形容词用法7 掌握would rather do something用法8 掌握need to do something用法Unit 11 My food project► 1 用以wh- 开头特殊疑问句进行提问► 2 How 引导问句3掌握两个动词词组get ... From ...和get...to...用法4掌握freeze和frozen用法5 掌握“keep something + 形容词”用法牛津七年级第二学期Language:Module 1 Garden City and its neighboursUnit 1 Writing a travel guide►1情态动词: can (ability)用法►2由if引导条件状语从句用法: If you go to ..., you will find/see... ► 3 Wh- 问句: What would...?5 学习现在完成时用法6 学习“one of +形容词最高级+ 复数名词”句型7 学会使用so引导结果状语从句Unit 2 Going to see a film►1 介词into和along用法► 2 用连词so和neither引导倒装句3 掌握用句型it's a/an...about...来描述事物用法4学会运用表示建议句型5 能够运用表示先后顺序副词6 学会使用指引方向短语Unit 3 A visit to Garden City►1现在完成时中for和since用法► 2 现在完成时用法3 学会使用反意疑问句4 掌握各种职业名称并了解其工作内容5 掌握be used for doing sth用法Unit 4 Let's go shopping► 1一般现在时态► 2 用介词短语和形容词来描述物品4 掌握句型“where will we go to buy...?”用法5 掌握need作实义动词时用法6 学会不定代词用法8 学会英语中不同尺码表达Module 2 Better futureUnit 5 What can we learn from others?► 1 连词Although..., ...2 掌握一般过去时用法3 掌握让步状语从句用法4 学习other, the other, others, the others等不定代词用法5 了解频度副词在句中位置Unit 6 Hard work for a better life► 1 用形容词描述事件► 2 动名词: start growing/waking up/falling3 学习动名词和动词不定式用法4 掌握句型it's + 形容词+ to do sth用法5学习时间状语从句用法6 掌握形容词和副词用法Unit 7 in the future► 1 能熟练运用i think so /i don't think so等来表达同意或不同意► 2 将来时态: will，be able to3 掌握句型“what do you think will happen ... ?”4 掌握hope用法5 学习用“in + 一段时间”表示将来时间用法Unit 8A more enjoyable school life►1反身代词用法代词: e.g. Myself, yourself► 2 情态动词: would3 掌握句型“what changes would you like to see ... ?”用法4 学会使用“what do you think of ... ?”句型5 复习less, fewer用法Module 3 The natural elementsUnit 9 The wind is blowing► 1形容词比较级: e.g.bigger, 并用比较级描述人物► 2 表示先后顺序副词► 3 物主代词,:e.g.mine, yours4 掌握形容词最高级用法5 掌握不定代词用法6 学习祈使句用法Unit 10 Water Festival► 1 连词：when► 2介词: at, near► 3祈使句: e.g. No ball game.4 复习时间状语从句用法5 掌握被动语态用法6 学会no后面加动名词用法7 掌握情态动词must用法Unit 11 Electricity► 1 Wh- 问句: what/where/why ...?► 2 How引导问句: How many ... ?3 掌握see两种用法4 掌握不定代词none用法5 复习表达花销方式6 复习家用电器名称牛津八年级第一学期Chapter 1 A letter from a pen-friend►1 以what, where, when, hoe old, how many等开头特殊疑问句用法; answers ►2不定代词a和an用法3 定语从句4 重点生词：ambition, enclose等5 重点词组：enjoy doing... 喜欢做play chess 下象棋be keen on 热衷于6 培养通过上下文语境猜测生词词义能力7 认识工具书，并学会用字母表顺序排列单词用法8 学习书信写作格式，书信内容表达Chapter 2 A day in the life of ... Whiz-kid wendy►1根据所给材料用一般现在时态谈论某人一天► 2 程度副词和短语3 重点词组：（be) responsible for 负责4 重点句型：（not) old enough to do... 不够年长而不能做......5 掌握at, in ,on作介词表时间时用法6 了解更多有关职业词汇7 学习always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never等副词在一般现在时态中用法8 掌握在疑问句，礼貌用语中语气变化9 根据所给材料用一般现在时态谈论某人一天Chapter 3 Dealing with trouble►1 学会描述过去发生事情►2 复习动词过去式，过去分词，掌握一般过去时用法3 重点单词：argument, through, aboard, watch, dial, robbery, detail等4 重点词组：shout at 对......大叫stare at 盯着看hurry aboard 匆匆上船in handcuffs 带着手铐5 学会以字母表顺序查阅字典Chapter 4 Numbers: Everyone's language►1 学习用英语方法表述数字写法和读法►2 学习用英语方法表述数学中加，减，乘，除► 3 用祈使句表达命令和指示4 重点单词：system, invent, calculate, electronic, program, instruction等5 重点词组：in tens 十进制consist of 由......组成6 重点句型：so ... That ...如此......以至......7 学习几个国家名及其相应词性变化Chapter 5 Look it up!►1 学会说出物品制作材料► 2 指示代词► 3 可数和不可数名词4 重点单词：harmful (adj）有害—harmless (adj) 无害mouse (n) 老鼠—mice (pl) 老鼠amuse (v）引起乐趣—amusement (n) 娱乐think (v) 思想—thinker（n) 思想家create (v) 创造—creative(adj) 有创造力5 重点词组：see somebody doing something看见某人正在做某事6 复习hundred, thousand使用方法7 学会使用百科全书Chapter 6 Nobody wins ( Part I )►1熟练运用一般将来时，注意一般将来时两种情况（be going to/ will)及其时间状语►2学会描述将来要发生事情3 重点词组：run out of 用法at dawn 在凌晨roar with laughter 大笑着吼道4重点句型：it is true that ..........是真实5 词性变化：lose (v）丢失—lost (adj) 丢失，迷路explore (v) 开发—unexplored（adj) 未探索过6 学会直接或婉转地表达自己意愿7 能熟练地应对how, what, why等特殊疑问句，并发挥想象力，表达自己感想Chapter 7 Nobody wins ( Part II)►1不定代词some, any, somebody, someone和something等复合不定代词用法► 2 方位介词3 重点词组：lie down on the bed躺在床上fall asleep入睡escape from逃离。

上海初中阶段语法知识点梳理名词(1)一、不可数名词fun, information, luggage, furniture, traffic, chance, advice, knowledge, music, weather, money,stress, space, transport, technology, paper(纸), ,...二、可数名词1.规则变换2.不规则变换1) 单复数同形中日羊鹿鱼：Chinese、Japanese、sheep、deer、fish2) 国家人单复数变化中日不变，英法变，其余后面加s Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese German-Germans 3) 变元音第1 页共27 页mouse-mice child-children tooth-teeth foot-feet goose-geese man-men woman-women3. 既可做可数名词又可做不可数名词三、修饰词❖只能修饰可数名词：many/a few/few/several/large numbers of...❖只能修饰不可数名词：much/a little/ little/large amount of/ a great deal of ...❖都可以修饰的：some/any/lots of/ a lot of/ plenty of/large quantities of...注意：①a little / a few 表示肯定意思little/few表示否定意思②当出现only/quite/still的时候，后面只能用a few/ a little四、所有格第2 页共27 页注意：名词修饰名词（man和women是修饰词，复数时两个单词都变为复数）鞋店：shoe shops许多男学生：many boy students两个女医生：two women doctors代词(2)一、人称代词、物主代词、反身代词第3 页共27 页第 4 页 共 27 页注意：it’s (it is 和it has 的缩写)和its （它的；它的+名词）的区别 二、反身代词的短语 补充：oneself 表示某人自己做某事。

上海市初中英语语法汇总一、名词的用法：1.单数名词可用于表示职业、国籍、语言、学科等。

例：My father is a doctor. （我的父亲是一名医生。

）She is an English teacher. （她是一位英语老师。

）2.复数名词可用于表示多个人、事物或抽象概念。

例：We bought some books. （我们买了一些书。

）They are good friends. （他们是好朋友。

）3. 不可数名词表示整体或抽象概念，不能与不定冠词a/an连用，也不可用于数目的描述。

例：I have some money. （我有一些钱。

）Please give me some advice. （请给我一些建议。

）二、代词的用法：1.主体代词用于句子的主语位，宾体代词用于句子的宾语位。

例：I like playing basketball. （我喜欢打篮球。

）She gave him a present. （她给了他一份礼物。

）2.反身代词在动词或介词后使用，表示主语自己做动作或动作影响到自己。

例：I can dress myself. （我可以自己穿衣服。

）He hurt himself when he fell. （他摔倒时伤了自己。

）3.物主代词表达所有关系，分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。

例：This is my book. （这是我的书。

）This book is mine. （这本书是我的。

）三、动词的用法：1.动词的时态包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时和过去进行时等。

例：He often goes to the park on weekends. （他周末经常去公园。

）We visited Beijing last summer holiday. （我们去年暑假参观了北京。

）I will study hard for the exam. （我会为考试努力学习。