中南大学2015年6月基础英语作业一

2015年6月英语四级考试真题及答案(第1套)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutesto write an essay based on the picture below.You should start your essay with a briefdescription of the picture and then comment on the kid's understanding of going toschool.You should write at least 120 words but no mo re than 180 words.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13.A.She learned playing the violin from a famous French musician.B.She dreamed of working and living in a European country.C.She read a lot about European musicians and their music.D.She listened to recordings of many European orchestras.14.A.She began taking violin lessons as a small child.B.She was a pupil of a famous European violinist.C.She gave her first performance with her father.D.She became a professional violinist at fifteen.15.A.It gave her a chance to explore the city.B.It was the chance of a lifetime.C.It was a great challenge to her.D.It helped her learn classical French music.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of each passage, you willhearsome questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After youheara question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A., B), C.and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single linethrough t he centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A.There are mysterious stories behind his works.B.There are many misunderstandings about him.C.His works have no match worldwide.D.His personal history is little known.17.A.He moved to Stratford-on-Avon in his childhood.B.He failed to go beyond grammar school.C.He was a member of the town council.D.He once worked in a well-known acting company.18.A.Writers of his time had no means to protect their works.B.Possible sources of clues about him were lost in a fire.C.His works were adapted beyond recognition.D.People of his time had little interest in him.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A.Theft.B.Cheating.C.Air crash.D.Road accidents.20.A.Learn the local customs.B.Make hotel reservations.C.Book tickets well in advance.D.Have the right documents.21.A.Contact your agent.B.Get a lift if possible.e official transport.D.Have a friend meet you.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A.Cut down production cost.B.Sell inexpensive products.C.Specialise in gold ornaments.D.Refine the taste of his goods.23.A.At a national press conference.B.During a live television interview.C.During a local sales promotion campaign.D.At a meeting of top British businesspeople.24.A.Insulted.B.Puzzled.C.Distressed.D.Discouraged.25.A.The words of some businesspeople are just rubbish.B.He who never learns from the past is bound to fail.C.There should be a limit to one's sense of humour.D.He is not laughed at, that laughs at himself first.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read fo r thefirsttime, you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for t hesecondtime, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have justheard.Finally,when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what youhave writt en.Looking at the basic biological systems, the world is not doing very well.Yet economicindica tors show the world is （26） Despite a slow start at the beginning of the eighties, globalec onomic output increased by more than a fifth during the （27） The economy grew, tradein creased, and millions of new jobs were created.How can biological indicators show the 28 o feconomic indicators?The answer is that the economic indicators have a basic fault: they show no differencebetw een resource uses that（29） progress and those uses that will hurt it.The main measureof economic progress is the gross national product (GNP).（30）, this totals the value of allgoods and services produced and subtracts loss in value of factories and equipment.Developed ahalf-century ago, GNP helped （31） a common wa y among countries of measuring change ineconomic output.For some time, this seemed to work （32 ）well, but serious weaknesses arenow appearing.As indicated earlier, GNP includes loss in va lue of factories and equipment, but itdoes not（33 ）the loss of natural resources, including nonrenewable resources such as oil orrenewable res ources such as forests.This basic fault can produce a（34 ）sense of national economic health.According to GNP,for example, countries that overcut for ests actually do better than those that preserve theirforests.The trees cut down are counte d as income but no subtraction is made for （35 ）theforests.Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select on eword for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by aletter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2 with a single linethrough the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than onc e.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.The U.S.Department of Education is making efforts to ensure that all students have equalac cess to a quality education.Today it is（36） the launch of the Excellent Educators for AllInitiative.The initiative will help states a nd school districts support great educators for thestudents who need them most."All children are（37 ）to a high-quality education regardless of their race, zip code orfamily income.It is （38 ）important that we provide teachers and principals the support theyneed to help students re ach their full （39）," U.S.Secretary of Education Arne Duncan said."Despite the excellent work and deep（40 ）of our nation's teachers and principals, students inhigh-poverty, high- minority schools are unfairly treated across our country.We have to dobetter.Local leaders and educators will （41 ）their own creative solutions, but we must worktogether to （42） our focus on how to bette r recruit, support and（43） effective teachersand principals for all students, especially the kids who need them most."Today's announcement is another important step forward in improving access to a qualitye ducation, a （44 ）of President Obama's year of ter today, Secretary Duncan will leada roundtable dis cussion with principals and school teachers from across the country about the（45 ）of working in high-need schools and how to adopt promising practices for supportinggreat e ducators in these schools.A.AnnouncingB.beneficialC.challengesmitmentponentF.contestsG.criticallyH.developI.distributingJ.enhanceK.entitledL.potentialM.properlyN.qualifiedO.retainSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragrap hfrom which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Eachp aragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2.The Changes Facing Fast FoodA)Fast-food firms have to be a thick-skinned bunch.Health experts regularly criticise thems everelyfor selling food that makes people fat.Critics even complain that McDonald's, whosel ogosymbolises calorie excess, should not have been allowed to sponsor the World Cup.Thes earethings fast-food firms have learnt to cope with.But not perhaps for much longer.Theburgerbusiness faces more pressure from regulators at a time when it is already adaptingstrat egies inresponse to shifts in the global economy.B)Fast food was once thought to be recession-proof.When consumers need to cut spending, the logicgoes, cheap meals like Big Macs and Whoppers become even more attractive.Such "trading down"proved true for much of the latest recession, when fast-food companies pick ed upcustomers who could no longer afford to eat at casual restaurants.Traffic was boosted inAmerica, the home of fast food, with discounts and promotions, such as $1 menus and c heapcombination meals.C)As a result, fast-food chains have weathered the recession better than their moreexpensi ve competitors.In 2009 sales at full-service restaurants in America fell by more than 6% , b ut total sales remained about the same at fast-food chains.In some markets, such as Japan ,France and Britain, total spending on fast food increased.Same-store sales in America atMc Donald's, the world's largest fast-food company, did not decline throughout thedownturn.Pa nera Bread, an American fast-food chain known for its fresh ingredients, performedwell, too , because it offers higher-quality food at lower prices than restaurants.D)But not all fast-food companies have been as fortunate.Many, such as Burger King, have seen sales fall.In a severe recession, while some people trade down to fast food, many oth erseat at home more frequently to save money.David Palmer, an analyst at UBS, a bank, s ayssmaller fast- food chains in America, such as Jack in the Box and Carl's Jr., have been h itparticularly hard in this downturn because they are competing with the global giantMcDon ald's, which increased spending on advertising by more than 7% last year as others cutbac k.E)Some fast-food companies also sacrificed their own profits by trying to give customersbet ter value.During the recession companies set prices low, hoping that once they had tempte dcustomers through the door they would be persuaded to order more expensive items.But i nmany cases that strategy did not st year Burger King franchisees (特许经营人)sued (起诉)the company over its double-cheeseburger promotion, claiming it was unfair for them to berepuired to sell these for $1 when they cost$1.10 to make.In May a judge ruled in favour ofBurger King.Nevertheless, the company may still be cursing its decision to promote chea pchoices over more expensive ones because items on its "value menu" now account for aro und20% of all sales, upfrom 12% last October.F)Analysts expect the fast-food industry to grow modestly this year.But the downturn isma kingcompanies rethink their strategies.Many are now introducing higher-priced items toenti ce (引诱)consumers away from $1 specials.KFC, a division of Yum! Brands, which also ownsTaco Belland Pizza Hut, has launched a chicken sandwich that costs around $5.And in MayBurger Kingintroduced barbecue (烧烤)pork ribs at $7 for eight.G)Companies are also trying to get customers to buy new and more items, includingdrinks. McDonald's started selling better coffee as a challenge to Starbucks.Its " McCafe" linenowac counts for an estimated 6% of sales in America.Starbucks has sold rights to its Seattle'sBes tcoffee brand to Burger King, which will start selling it later this year.H)As fast-food companies shift from "super size" to "more buys", they need to keepcustom er traffichigh throughout the day.Many see breakfast as a big opporttmity, and not justfor f atty food.McDonald's will start selling porridge (粥)in America next year.Breakfast has thep otential to bevery profitable, says Sara Senatore of Bernstein, a research firm, because the margins can be high.Fast-food companies are also adding midday and late-night snacks, su ch asblended drinks andwraps.The idea is that by having a greater range of things on the menu,"wecan sell to consumersproducts they want all day," says Rick Carucci., the .chief financial officerof Yum ! Brands.I)But what about those growing waistlines? So far, fast-food firms have cleverly avoidedgovernmentregulation.By providing healthy options, like salads and low-calorie sandwiches,th ey have at leastgiven the impression of doing something about helping to fight obesity (肥胖症).These offeringsare not necessarily loss-leaders, as they broaden the appeal of outlets to groups of diners thatinclude some people who don't want to eat a burger.But customers ca nnotbe forced to ordersalads instead of fries.J)In the future, simply offering a healthy option may not be good enough."Every packaged-food and restaurant company I know is concerned about regulation right now," saysMr.Pal mer of UBS.America's health-reform bill, which Congress passed this year, requiresrestaura nt chains with 20 ormore outlets to put the calorie-content of items they serve on themenu .A study by the NationalBureau of Economic Research, which tracked the effects onStarbuc ks of a similar calorie-postinglaw in New York City in 2007, found that the averagecalorie-c ount per transaction fell 6% andrevenue increased 3% at Starbucks stores where aDunldn Donuts outlet was nearby--a sign, it issaid, that menu-labelling could favour chainsthat hav e more healthy offerings.K)In order to avoid other legislation in America and elsewhere, fast-food companies willhav e tocontinue innovating (创新).Walt Riker of McDonald's claims the change it has made in itsmenumeans it offers more healthy items than it did a few years ago."We probably sell morevegetables,more milk, mo re salads, more apples than any restaurant business in the world," hesays.But therecent pr oposal by a county in California to ban McDonald's from including toys inits high-calorie"Ha ppy Meals", because legislators believe it attracts children to unhealthyfood, suggests there isa lot more left to do.46.Some people propose laws be made to stop McDonald's from attaching toys to its foods pecials for children.47.Fast-food finns may not be able to cope with pressures from food regulation in the nearf uture.48.Burger King will start to sell Seattle's Best coffee to increase sales.49.Some fast-food firms provide healthy food to give the impression they are helping totac kle the obesity problem.50.During the recession, many customers turned to fast food to save money.51.Many people eat out less often to save money in times of recession.52.During the recession, Burger King's promotional strategy of offering low-priced items oft enproved ineffective.53.Fast-food restaurants can make a lot of money by selling breakfast.54.Many fast-food companies now expect to increase their revenue by introducing higher-p riceditems.55.A newly-passed law asks big fast-food chains to specify the calorie count of what theyse rve on the menu.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some question sorunfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A., B), C.andD ). Youshould decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2 with asingle line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.If you think a high-factor sunscreen (防晒霜)keeps you safe from harmful rays, you may bewrong.Research in this week's Nature sho ws that while factor 50 reduces the number ofmelanomas(黑瘤)and delays their occurrence, it can't prevent them.Melanomas are the mostaggressive sk in cancers.You have a higher risk if you have red or blond hair, fair skin, blue orgreen eyes, or sunburn easily, or if a close relative has had one.Melanomas are more common ifyou ha ve periodic intense exposure to the sun.Other skin cancers are increasingly likely withlong-t erm exposure.There is continuing debate as to how effective sunscreen is in reducing melanomas theevid ence is weaker than it is for preventing other types of skin cancer.A 2011 Australian studyo f 1,621 people found that people randomly selected to apply sunscreen daily had half the r ateof melanomas of people who used cream as needed.A second study, comparing 1,167 p eoplewith melanomas to 1,101 who didn't have the cancer, found that using sunscreen rout inely,alongside other protection such as hats,long sleeves or staying in the shade, did give someprotection.This study said other forms of sun protection not sunscreen seemed mostb eneficial.The study relied on people remembering what they had done over each decade oft heir lives, so it's not entirely reliable.But it seems reasonable to think sunscreen givespeopl e a false sense of security in the sun.Many people also don't use sunscreen properly applying insufficient amounts, failing toreap ply after a couple of hours and staying in the sun too long.It is sunburn that is mostworryin g recent research shows five episodes of sunburn in the teenage years increases the riskof all skin cancers.The good news is that a combination of sunscreen and covering up can reduce melanomara tes, as shown by Australian figures from their slip-slop-slap campaign.So if there is a heatw ave this summer, it would be best for us, too, to slip on a shirt, slop on (抹上)sunscreen andslap on a hat.56.What is people's common expectation of a high-factor sunscreen?A.It will delay the occurrence of skin cancer.B.It will protect them from sunburn.C.It will keep their skin smooth and fair.D.It will work for people of any skin color.57.What does the research in Nature say about a high-factor sunscreen?A.It is ineffective in preventing melanomas.B.It is ineffective in case of intense sunlight.C.It is ineffective with long-term exposure.D.It is ineffective for people with fair skin.58.What do we learn from the 2011 Australian study of 1,621 people?A.Sunscreen should be applied alongside other protection measures.B.High-risk people benefit the most from the application of sunscreen.C.Irregular application of sunscreen does women more harm than good.D.Daily application of sunscreen helps reduce the incidence of melanomas.59.What does the author say about the second Australian study?A.It misleads people to rely on sunscreen for protection.B.It helps people to select the most effective sunscreen.C.It is not based on direct observation of the subjects.D.It confirms the results of the first Australian study.60.What does the author suggest to reduce melanoma rates?ing both covering up and sunscreen.B.Staying in the shade whenever possible.ing covering up instead of sunscreen.D.Applying the right amount of sunscreen.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Across the rich world, well-educated people increasingly work longer than the less-skilled.S ome65% of American men aged 62-74 with a professional degree are in theworkforce, compared with32% of men with only a high-school certificate.This gap is part of adeepening divide between the well-educated well -off and the unskilled poor.Rapidtechnological advance has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while squeezing those of theunskilled.The consequences, for individuals and society, are profound.The world is facing an astonishing rise in the number of old people, and they will livelonger than ever before.Over the next 20 years the global population of those aged 65 ormore willalmost double, from 600 million to 1.1 billion.The experience of the 20th century,when gre ater longevity (长寿)translated into more years in retirement rather than more yearsat work, has persuaded many observers that this shift will lead to slower economic growth,while the swelling ranks of pensioners will create government budget problems.But the notion of a sharp division between the working young and the idle old misses a new trend, the growing gap between the skilled and the unskilled.Employment rates are fallinga mong younger unskilled people, whereas older skilled folk are working longer.The divide is most extreme in America, where well-educated baby-boomers (二战后生育高峰期出生的美国人)areputting off retirement while many less-skilled younger people have dropped out of th eworkforce.Policy is partly responsible.Many European governments have abandoned policies that used to encourage people to retire early.Rising life expectancy (预期寿命), combined with thereplacement of generous defmed-benefit pension plans with less gen erous defined-contribution ones, means that even the better-off must work longer to have a comfortableretirement.But the changing nature of work also plays a big role.Pay has risen sharply for thehighly educated, and those people continue to reap rich rewards into old ag e because thesedays the educated elderly are more productive than the preceding generati on.Technologicalchange may well reinforce that shift: the skills that complement computers , frommanagement knowhow to creativity, do not necessarily decline with age.61.What is happening in the workforce in rich countries?A.Younger people are replacing the elderly.B.Well-educated people tend to work longer.C.Unemployment rates are rising year after year.D.People with no college degree do not easily find work.62.What has helped deepen the divide between the well-off and the poor?A.Longer life expectancies.B.A rapid technological advance.C.Profound changes in the workforce.D.A growing number of the well-educated.63.What do many observers predict in view of the experience of the 20th century?A.Economic growth will slow down.ernment budgets will increase.C.More people will try to pursue higher education.D.There will be more competition in the job market.64.What is the result of policy changes in European countries?A.Unskilled workers may choose to retire early.B.More people have to receive in-service training.C.Even wealthy people must work longer to live comfortably in retirement.D.People may be able to enjoy generous defined-benefits from pension plans.65.What is characteristic of work in the 21st century?puters will do more complicated work.B.More will be taken by the educated young.C.Most jobs to be done will be the creative ones.D.Skills are highly valued regardless of age.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutesto translate a passage from Chinese in to English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet2.中国是世界上最古老的文明之一。

中南大学考试试卷2007--2008学年一学期时间120分钟翻译理论与实践A卷课程64学时4学分考试形式：闭卷专业年级：英语系04—1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8班总分100分，占总评成绩70%【Give your answers on ANSWER SHEET attached】I. Judging the following translations with “Y” (good) or “N” (not good): 20 %1．中国有两点是靠得住的，一是讲原则，二是说话算数。

译文：On two points China can be account. First, it upholds principle and second, it keeps its words.2. 青城山地质地貌独特，植被茂密，气候适宜，林木葱翠，层峦叠嶂，曲径逶迤，古观藏趣。

译文. Endowed with special geological landforms and a mild climate, Qingcheng Mountain enjoys exuberant vegetations and forests through which the paths wind, as well as the ancient temples dispersing in ranges of mountains.3. 一个人在原企业的优秀业绩可以为他今后求职提供“敲门砖”。

译文：An employee’s previous outstanding performance is a very important stepping stone to his or her job hunting.4. My table manners are atrocious----in this respect I’ve slipped back hundreds of years in fact, I have no manners whatsoever. If I feel like it, I eat with my fingers, or out of a can, or standing up---in other words, whichever is easiest.译文：我的吃相实在不雅，这方面一下就倒退了几百年，实在是一点规矩也没有。

考试科目代码考试科目名称241日语（二外）242法语（二外）243德语（二外）244俄语（二外）245英语（二外）246阿拉伯语601数学乙611政治学612管理学（含公共管理）613美术理论（艺术概论、中外美术史）614美学原理615宗教学概论616文学概论617语言学概论618中国古代文学史619影视概论620法理学与宪法学621新闻传播史论622综合英语623综合日语624考古学综合625文化遗产基础综合626文物保护学综合627马克思主义哲学原理628中国哲学史629社会学概论630马克思主义基本原理631国际关系概论632数学分析633普通物理634有机化学635无机化学636分析化学（含仪器分析）637地理信息系统638城市规划原理639生物化学（生科院）640中药综合641生态学642数据结构与程序设计643地史学644新闻传播基础645艺术概论701中国史702世界史703中国思想文化史801经济学（含政治经济学、西方经济学）802世界政治与经济803管理学与运筹学(管理学占100分，运筹804经济学805信息资源管理806西方经济学与应用统计学（西方经济学100 807中西美学史808中外文化史809综合一（含比较文学与世界文学、中国810综合三（含古代汉语、现代汉语、对外811综合二（含古代文论、古代汉语、古典812影视理论专题813诉讼法学814新闻传播业务815英美文学与语言学816日本文学与文化817西方哲学史818西方社会学理论819马克思主义中国化研究（含毛泽东思想820国际关系史821高等代数822数学史(含科技期刊史、自然科学史）823量子力学824固体物理825光学826物理化学827化工容器设计828化工原理829微生物学（化工）830有机化学（化工）831生物化学（化工）832区域分析与区域规划833激光原理834自然地理学835经济地理学836环境学837环境工程学838城市规划基础（含道路交通规划和市政839植物生物学840动物生物学841微生物学842细胞生物学843电子线路（含模拟、数字）844软件工程学科专业基础综合（数据结构50%）845教育技术学846地球科学概论847基础物理848普通化学（教育硕士）849历史学专业综合850模拟电路851数字电路852数据结构853制药工艺学854细胞生物学（工程）855广播电视概论（新闻学院）856广播电视概论（文学院）参考书目《标准日本语》初级（上、下册），人民教育出版社。

中南大学大学英语水平等级考试大纲背景：自1986年以来，中南大学非英语专业的本科生要参加国家大学英语四级考试，成绩合格以后才能获得学位证书。

因此学校师生很重视大学英语的教学工作及四级通过率。

由于学生的学位证书与国家四级英语成绩挂钩，应试教育也曾占据课堂，学生实际应用英语的能力较弱，毕业后难以应付英语要求较高的外企单位的工作。

随着形势的发展，我校根据自己的实际情况，决定从2008级学生开始，学位证书与国家四级成绩脱钩，实行中南大学校内大学英语水平等级考试制度。

我们的思路是高起点，重能力。

校内英语水平等级考试参照清华大学、北京大学等重点高校的《大学英语》考试标准，中南大学校内大学英语水平等级考试的目标要高于国家四级考试水平，考试突出测试学生的听说能力，书面表达能力及语言翻译能力等。

如今，我校参与国际合作的机会越来越多，学生出国学习的机会也越来越多。

如我们有中澳班：本科前两年在国内学习，后两年在澳大利亚学习。

部分优秀本科生和研究生也可直接送往国外名牌大学培养。

为了满足学生留学的实际需求，适应社会对人才的选拔，实现人才个性化、专业化的培养目标，中南大学校内大学英语水平等级考试的改革势在必行！2004年初教育部高教司组织制定并在全国部分高校开始试点《大学英语课程教学要求（试行）》（以下简称《教学要求》）。

中南大学是首批试点的180所高校之一。

我们实施《教学要求》的规定：“培养学生的英语综合应用能力，特别是听说与写作能力，使他们在今后工作和社会交往中能用英语有效地进行口头和书面的信息交流”。

自《教学要求》在我校开始试点以来，广大教师十分关心并积极参加这次改革，在教学模式、教学手段和教材使用等各方面做了许多有益的尝试。

参加试点的学生也普遍反映新的教学理念和方法，大大提高了学生学习英语的兴趣，实现了个性化学习，提高了学习的效率。

但由于追求四级通过率，学生的语言实际应用能力提高缓慢。

2007年教育部办公厅印发《大学英语课程教学要求》，指出：“大学英语的教学目标是培养学生的英语综合应用能力，特别是听说能力，使他们在今后学习、工作和社会交往中能用英语有效地进行交际，同时增强其自主学习能力，提高综合文化素养，以适应我国社会发展和国际交流的需要。

育明考研——天津大学翻译硕士考研指导育明教育，创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。

天津大学1:61-《英译中国现代散文选》张培基（三册中至少一册）非常经典，练基本功非它莫属。

2-《高级翻译理论与实践》叶子南汉译英的经典之作，体裁实用，读来作者亲授一般3-《翻译硕士常考词汇精编》育明教育内部资料绝大部分翻译的词汇都可以在这里找到，很实用。

试题中出现比较生僻的单词的话，读了这本词汇书基本你就认识了4-《中国文化读本》叶朗朱良志翻译的体裁有时候和中国文化有关，作为译者应该了解中国文化；书本身也很好，图文并茂5-《百科知识考点精编与真题解析》，复试科目：英语翻译综合技能、口试。

光明日报出版社考试时间及科目：第1天：上午下午第2天：上午下午1、思想政治理论2、翻译硕士英语3、英语翻译基础4、汉语写作与百科知识100分100分150分150分目前，大多数院校并没有公布翻译硕士的考研参考书，所以同学们复习起来找不到一个目标和方向，育明考研教育通过研究历年真题、翻译硕士考试大纲以及近百所院校参考书为同学们推荐了一些基本的参考书目，可以作为一个基础复习的参考！一些院校针对性的复习内容会在后面给同学们解答。

《英汉翻译简明教程》庄绎传2002年外语教学与研究出版社《高级英汉翻译理论与实践》叶子南2001年清华大学出版社《百科知识考点精编与真题解析》李国正2012年光明日报出版社《应用文写作》夏晓鸣2010年复旦大学出版社《高级英语》（修订本）第1、2册，张汉熙1995年外语教学与研究出版社《翻译硕士词汇精编》李国正2014年当当网，亚马逊有售《汉语写作与百科知识真题解析》李国正2014年当当网，亚马逊有售《英语翻译基础真题解析》李国正2014年当当网，亚马逊有售《翻译硕士英语真题解析》李国正2014年当当网，亚马逊有售独家出版教材------真正针对考试的参考书育明教育考研教研室经过8年的努力，汇编了一大批图书，并由光明日报出版社、团结出版社、中国经济出版社出版发行，在当当网、亚马逊、淘宝网同步发售。

(一) 单选题1. My sister _______ on her best clothes and left for the party.(A) put (B) puts (C) will put (D) is putting 参考答案： (A)2. The teacher told me the earth _______ around the sun (A) move (B) moves (C) will move (D) have moved 参考答案： (B)3. I _______ ping-pong quite well, but I haven ’t had time to play since last year.(A) will play (B) have played (C) play (D) played 参考答案： (C)4. I ’m perfectly ________ doing it myself, thank you.(A) able of (B) able to (C) capable of (D) capable to 参考答案： (C)5. He stood there motionless and ________ at the natural beauty of the sea.(A) in wonder (B) in doubt (C) in question (D) in trouble 参考答案： (A)6. He was having a really tough time at work at that time but he survived at last.(A) difficult (B) critical (C) soft (D) mild 参考答案： (A)、管路敷设技术通过管线不仅可以解决吊顶层配置不规范高中资料试卷问题，而且可保障各类管路习题到位。

中南大学2015年6月基础英语作业一(一) 单选题1.Tourism creates many jobs for local people.(A)gets(B)brings(C)takes(D)finds2.That original novel in English is far beyond the ________of those non-English major students.(A)ability(B)capability(C)capacity(D)faculty3.His main rival is going further.(A)leader(B)partner(C)opponent(D)cooperator4.He played the violin well and ________ from all the other musicians.(A)stood up(B)stood by(C)stood for(D)stood out5.The school offers us the for study.(A)appliance(B)facilities(C)instrument(D)apparatus6.He was having a really tough time at work at that time but he survived atlast.(A)difficult(B)critical(C)soft(D)mild7.The prince who had told Andersen to _________ a trade was the king.(A)study(B)learn(C)practice(D)know8._______ trees makes our environment better.(A)Plant(B)Planted(C)Having planted(D)Planting9.The police were soon __________ after the serious traffic accident.(A)in the rise(B)on the scene(C)on the sea(D)on the air10._______ you leave the house at the same time as your brother does?(A)Are(B)Do(C)Have(D)Had11.If you’re too trusting, other people will take?________?of you.(A)happiness(B)advantage(C)disadvantage(D)good12.Children need a lot of good fresh food to ________ them.(A)nourish(B)furnish(C)develop(D)finish13.3. I was afraid the sickness had sapped my strength.(A)accelerated(B)loosened(C)increased(D)gradually weakened14.“It’s such a nice place,” Mother said as she sat at the table________ forcustoms.(A)conserved(B)deserved(C)preserved(D)reserved15.He stood there motionless and ________ at the natural beauty of thesea.(A)in wonder(B)in doubt(C)in question(D)in trouble16.Her ex-husband has to the children once a week.(A)exit(B)entrance(C)access(D)assess17.After that we never saw her again, ________ did we hear from her.(A)not(B)none(C)or(D)nor18.In order to win the competition，they practiced the song _______.(A)over and again(B)over and over again(C)again and over(D)again and again over19.He was embarrassed at first but he was clever enough to amuse theaudience with his sense of _________.(A)guilt(B)direction(C)humor(D)achievement20.The company intended to _________ hugely in new technology.(A)defend(B)plan(C)invest(D)remain21.Mark Zuckerberg, the man who created Facebook, has already been alegend when he is so young.(A)heroine(B)famousperson(C)oldstory(D)champion22.The teacher told me the earth _______ around the sun(A)move(B)moves(C)will move(D)have moved23.The traffic in our city is already good and it _______ even better.(A)gets(B)has got(C)got(D)is getting24.My sister _______ on her best clothes and left for the party.(A)put(B)puts(C)will put(D)is putting(二) 完型填空I love charity shops and so 1 lots of other people in Britain because youfind quite a few of them on every high street. The charity shop is a British institution, selling everything from clothes 2electric goods, all 3 verygood prices. You can get things you won’t find in the shops any more. The thing I like 4 about them is that your money is going to a good cause and not into the 5 of profit-drivencompanies, and you are not 6 the planet, but finding a new home for 7 goods. The first charity shop was 8 in 1947 by Oxfam. The famous charity’s appeal to aid postwar Greece had been so 9 that it had been flooded with donations. They decided to set up a shop to 10 some of these donations to raise money for that appeal. Now there are over 7,000 charity shops in the UK.(1)(A)love(B)like(C)do(D)have(2)(A)with(B)to(C)and(D)from(3)(A)in(B)of(C)at(D)on(4)(A)keen(B)better(C)well(D)best(5)(A)clothes(B)dress(C) pockets(D)shoes(6)(A)damaging(B)saving(C)protecting(D)guarding(7)(A)needed(B)bad(C)poor(D)unwanted(8)(A)opened(B)closed(C)opening (D) closing(9)(A)shameful(B)successful(C)pitiful(D)careful(10)(A)help(B)buy(C)show(D)sell(三) 阅读理解1. With the cost of a college education going through the roof, whatwould you tell your child to study so he can be sure of getting a good job when he graduates?If your child’s main goal is to get a job, I would suggest he rethink the whole idea of going to college. There is, it seems, a major cause of confusion in our society beca use people don’t understand the difference between education and training. Education is akin to research and development in that one never knows where, if anywhere, it will eventually lead. It’s certainly a nice luxury if one can afford it and if one has the capacity to grow intellectually but it’s no guarantee of a steady income. Training, on the other hand, addresses the skills and knowledge necessaryto do a job. Traditionally, advanced education was reserved for just a tiny portion of the population while all others learned a trade and that was often through the apprentice system.Of course, there were those who worked their way through school and into monied slots but those were mostly schools where one can be trained for a profession such as colleges of law, medicine, business, engineering, etc.So what do you tell your child? If a job and the income it will provide are the most important, then keep in mind that four years of education will cost not only the tuition and living expenses but four years of lost earnings as well. Instead, he might want to consider earning a wage while learning a trade and then putting the same cash and credit into starting a business. Or he might want to consider attending a community college, a mixture that combines mostly remedial schooling with a form of apprenticeship. Stick to the readily applicable skills and technology classes, and there might actually be a job available upon graduation.According to the passage, which of the following statements is true about education？It wasofferedfor a Most It is a(A)largenumberofpeoplein thepast.(B)It is similar toresearch anddevelopment.(C)Peoplecanaffordit.(D)guaranteeof asteadyincome.According to the passage, which of the following statements is true about training?(A)It mustteachstudentsrichknowledge.(B)One has tostudy law,medicine,businessandengineering.(C)It willway ofmakinga lot ofmoney.(D)It provideskills andnecessaryknowledgeof jobs.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the cost of education?(A)Tuition.(B)Livingexpenses(C)Earningsof part-timejobs.(D)Fouryears oflostearnings.What can NOT be learnt from community college?(A)Knowledgefrom book.(B)Skillssomesimplejobs.(C)Advancedtechnology.(D)Languagetraining.What’s the author’s attitude towards higher education?(A)Neutral.(B)Approving.(C)Indifferent.(D)Disapproving.2. The school was across the street from my home and I would oftenwatch the kids as they played basketball after class. A sea of children, and yet to me, a girl stood out from them all. She was different from others as she seemed so small among those boys.I remember the first day I saw her playing basketball. I watched inwonder as she ran circles around the other kids and managed to shoot jump shots just over their heads and into the net. The boys always tried to stop her but no one could. I began to notice her at other times, basketball in hand, playing alone. Every day she would practice over and over again, sometimes until dark.One day I asked her why she practiced so much. She looked directly into my eyes and said, “I like basketball, and I want to go to play in the best college basketball team.” She looked quite firm, “That’s my dream.”In the following year s, I watched her through those junior high years and into high school. Every weekshe led her school team to one victory after another. One day in her senior year, I saw her sitting on the grass alone. I walked across the street and sat down beside her. Quietly I asked what was wrong. “Oh, nothing,” she answered, “My coaches think I am just too short at five feet five inches to dream about a top college team.” She looked a bit depressed. I felt sorry for her and asked her if she had talked to her dad about it yet. She lifted her head and told me that her father thought those coaches were wrong and did not understand the power of a dream. “If you truly wanted to realize your dream, nothing could stop you except one thing?your determination”, He encouraged her, “If the dream is big enough, the facts don’t count.”The next year, as she and her team went to the Northern California Championship game, a famous college coach found her. And she was going to get the college education that she had dreamed of and worked towards for all those years. Her father is right: If the dream is big enough, the facts don’t count.According to the author, the girl stood out from others because of the following reasons EXCEPT ___________(A)shewas hisstudent(B)shewassmall(C)shepracticedhard(D)sheplayedwellThe girl looked firm because ___________ her a top college team was(A)her fatherencouragedher to playbasketball.(B)dreamwas tostudyin acollege.(C)herdreamandshewouldworkhardfor it.(D)height isnot aproblemWhich of the following statements is NOT true according to the text?(A)Thegirlwastheleaderof theschoolteam.(B)Thegirl'sfatheralwaysbelievedthepowerof adream.(C)Thecoacheswerenotgood tothe girl.(D)Thefathermay beastrong-willedperson.What did the father mean when he said “If the dream is big enough, the facts don’t count”?(A)Weshouldalwaysdreamsomethingbig.(B)Determinationcan help usovercomedifficulties.(C)Anyonecandreamanything.(D)If youhave adream,you willsucceed.What helped the girl realize her dream?(A)Herdetermination.(B)Herdiligence.(C)Herfather’ssupport.(D)All theabove.3. Good Health starts from infancy. It is here that protection and careare needed, so that each organ functions well, each organ developsnaturally, and there are no deformities, disabilities and diseases. But often the health of children remains neglected, with the result that they grow unhealthily and that affects their education as well.A healthy child develops into a healthy adult. If the child does not grow properly, he may become handicapped in some way and his ill-health may spoil his adult life. He may not be able to join any active service; he may not be a successful professional, and he may not have a happy life .Health is real wealth. A healthy person is an asset to himself, to his family and to his community. Health is the pivot upon which a man’s whole personality and his well-being depend. Anailing and aching body saps the enthusiasm for pursuit.Health cannot be achieved merely by taking one or two pills everyday or by observing a few restrictions. It can be achieved only by understanding what health is, upon what it depends and then applying this knowledge in everyday life.The care of the body regarding food, cleanliness, exercise, rest and protection against disease, is essential for the preservation of sound health. Life is for living. Without health, life is deprived of not only much of its usefulness but also its joys and pleasures.The stream of life will be rich and lasting in proportion to the resources which nourish it. These resources belong to every person. They are food, exercise, proper posture, care of bodily functions, avoidance of alcohol and tobacco and wholesome mental and emotional attitudes.When should people start paying attention to their health?(A)Whentheyareadults.(B)Whentheyareinfants.(C)Whentheygrowup.(D)Whenthey areteenagers.If the child does not grow in healthy way, what problems will he meet?(A)He maynotsucceedin hiswork.(B)He willbeunhappyin hislife.(C)He willbeunhappyin hislife.(D)All oftheabove.According to the passage, what does health mean to a people?(A)Time.(B)Status.(C)Wealth.(D)Usefulness. Through whichway can you achieve health?(A)By puttinghealthyknowledgeintopractice.(B)By takingsomemedicine.(C)By doingroutinephysicalexamination.(D)Byreadingsomebooksabouthealth.If you want to keep healthy, you need to do the following things EXCEPT______.(A)Payattentionto thefood andexercise(B)take pillseveryday(C)avoidunhealthyhabit likesmokinganddrinkingalcohol(D)Beawareofmentalhealth4. Even for people who’ve gone many years without exercising, thereare compelling reasons to get active, no matter what their ages.“The fitter and more active you become, the longer you’ll live and less heart disease you’ll have,” says Dr. Aaron Baggish, a cardiologist and fitness expert at Harvard-affiliated Massachusetts General Hospital.He suggests that people first start exercising by moving whenever possible, such as taking the stairs instead of the elevator. Next, he asks his patients to identify times during the day they can exercise and what resources they have at their disposal. For example, does their workplace or senior center have a fitness facility, or do they have access to a safe place to walk,no matter what the weather?People in the 60- to 80-year-old age group should spend eighty percent of their workout doing moderate aerobic activity. That can be anything from brisk walking, cycling, dancing, to a Zumba class. For the remaining twenty prevent of the time, it’s a good idea to focus onstrength training. This can be done at a gym but can also be done at home ? no weights needed. Try squats, push-ups, and arm reaches. Work toward a goal of exercising for one hour, five times a week.For those with no particular health concerns, a program of moderate walking and strength training is a safe way to go. Those who have heart disease, diabetes, arthritis, or other muscle or bone problems should talk to a doctor before starting. Take it easy at first, and ramp up to a more intense level gradually. “Most of all, remember that something is better than nothing and there is no age w hen it’s too late to start,”says Dr. Baggish.When people start exercising, they need to consider their age.(A)T(B)FIf you do exercises more than others, you’ll live long and have less disease.(A)T(B)FWalking and taking the stairs are the two kinds of exercises.(A)T(B)FOld people need to spend much time on strength training.(A)T(B)FIf one is too old, it’s better for him not to do exercises.(A)T(B)F。

中南大学网络教育课程考试《基础英语上》复习资料一. 词义匹配（共10题,共10分）1. He was wearing casual clothes. （1分）A.seriousrmalC.formalD.tidy★标准答案：B2. I’m taking these apples out of the bag to lessen the load I have to carry. （1分）A.raiseB.increaseC.keepD.reduce★标准答案：D3. Two unhappy marriages have left their mark on the poor woman. （1分）A.signB.influenceC.spotD.weight★标准答案：B4. I was afraid the sickness had sapped my strength. （1分）A.acceleratedB.loosenedC.increasedD.gradually weakened★标准答案：D5. He promised his parents to work hard in the following years. （1分）A.previousB.likelyingst★标准答案：C6. The experience of staying far away from home created a very special bond between us. （1分）A.relationshipB.proofC.blogD.money★标准答案：A7. He felt a sudden sense of calm and contentment. （1分）A.happinessB.peaceC.excitementD.sadness★标准答案：B8. I judged from the way she replied that she wasn’t very enthusiastic （1分）A.passionateB.anxiousC.calmD.professional★标准答案：A9. The herb medicine eventually cured her diseases. （1分）A.nicelyB.apparentlyC.finallyD.naturally★标准答案：C10. Her opinion counts because of her experience. （1分）A.considersB.is importantC.is calledD.calculates★标准答案：B二. 词汇语法（共20题,共20分）1. They won’t buy new clothes because they _______ money to buy a new house. （1分）A.saveB.are savingC.have savedD.were saving★标准答案：B2. It’s so warm now, and it’s ______ much colder than this in January here. （1分）A.normalB.normallyC.merelyD.rare★标准答案：B3. His job is ______and tedious. （1分）A.monotonousB.appealingC.refreshingD.interesting★标准答案：A4. The new manager is kind to everybody. He seems easy to ___________. （1分）A.get byB.get acrossC.get along withD.get rid of★标准答案：C5. His car ______ a week ago. （1分）A.stealsB.was stolenD.is stolen★标准答案：B6. When they found us guilty, I just went ______. （1分）A.blankB.emptyC.hollowD.peaceful★标准答案：A7. Provision of safe food was their main _____ for the disaster victims. （1分）A.careB.concernC.anxietyD.worry★标准答案：B8. I _______ to see you at 10:00 tomorrow. （1分）A.am goingB.goC.wentD.has gone★标准答案：A9. So many fantastic ideas! It’s too much for me to _______ all at once. （1分）A.abandonC.breakD.revolve★标准答案：B10. You have to _______ the habit of doing before knowing. （1分）A.accumulateB.culturalC.growD.cultivate★标准答案：D11. It is?essential?that he ______ there at once. （1分）A.was sentB.sendC.be sentD.is sending★标准答案：C12. Coal ______ in place of oil in this case. （1分）A.can useB.can be usedC.be usedD.can be using★标准答案：B13. He made a __________ of $50,000 on his old house. （1分）A.livingB.visitC.giftD.profit★标准答案：D14. He stood there motionless and ________ at the natural beauty of the sea. （1分）A.in wonderB.in doubtC.in questionD.in trouble★标准答案：A15. Remember to send me a photo of us when you _______ to me next time. （1分）A.are writingB.will writeC.has writtenD.write★标准答案：D16. This company was _______ by his parents twenty years ago. （1分）A.foundB.findC.foundedD.set★标准答案：C17. Environmental groups say action is needed to find clean,?______ energy sources.? （1分）A.renewB.renewalC.renewingD.renewable★标准答案：D18. By the time we got there, the play ______. （1分）A.is going to beginB.is beginningC.has begunD.had begun★标准答案：D19. He was so busy that he _________ his health. （1分）A.reviewedB.ignoredC.neglectedD.regarded★标准答案：C20. The market is gloomy. Will his new plan __________ good results? （1分）A.bring togetherB.bring aboutC.bring forwardD.bring down★标准答案：B三. 完型填空（共10题,共10分）1. I love charity shops and so 1(?) lots of other people in Britain because you find quite a few of them on every high street. The charity shop is a British institution, selling everything from clothes 2(?)electric goods, all 3(?) very good prices. You can get things you won’t find in the shops any more. The thing I like 4(?) about them is that your money is going to a good cause and not into the 5(?) of profit-driven companies, and you are not 6(?) the planet, but finding a new home for 7(?) goods.The first charity shop was 8(?) in 1947 by Oxfam. The famous charity’s appeal to aid postwar Greece had been so 9(?) that it had been flooded with donations. They decided to set up a shop to 10(?) some of these donations to raise money for that appeal. Now there are over 7,000 charity shops in the UK. （10分） (1) 第1空（1分）A.loveB.likeC.doD.have★标准答案：C(2) 第2空（1分）A.withB.toC.andD.from★标准答案：B(3) 第3空（1分）A.inB.ofC.atD.on★标准答案：C(4) 第4空（1分）A.keenB.betterC.wellD.best★标准答案：D(5) 第5空（1分）A.clothesB.dressC.pocketsD.shoes★标准答案：C(6) 第6空（1分）A.damagingB.savingC.protectingD.guarding★标准答案：A(7) 第7空（1分）A.neededB.badC.poorD.unwanted★标准答案：D(8) 第8空（1分）A.openedB.closedC.openingD.closing★标准答案：A(9) 第9空（1分）A.shamefulB.successfulC.pitifulD.careful★标准答案：B(10) 第10空（1分）A.helpB.buyC.showD.sell★标准答案：D四. 阅读理解判断（共10题,共20分）1. Even for people who’ve gone many years without exercising, there are compelling reasons to get active, no matter what their ages.“The fitter and more active you become, the longer you’ll live and lessheart disease you’ll have,” says Dr. Aaron Baggish, a cardiologist and fitness expert at Harvard-affiliated Massachusetts General Hospital.He suggests that people first start exercising by moving whenever possible, such as taking the stairs instead of the elevator. Next, he asks his patients to identify times during the day they can exercise and what resources they have at their disposal. For example, does their workplace or senior center have a fitness facility, or do they have access to a safe place to walk, no matter what the weather?People in the 60- to 80-year-old age group should spend eighty percent of their workout doing moderate aerobic activity. That can be anything frombrisk walking, cycling, dancing, to a Zumba class. For the remaining twenty prevent of the time, it’s a good idea to focus on strength training. This can be done at a gym but can also be done at home — no weights needed. Try squats, push-ups, and arm reaches. Work toward a goal of exercising for one hour, five times a week.For those with no particular health concerns, a program of moderate walking and strength training is a safe way to go. Those who have heart disease, diabetes, arthritis, or other muscle or bone problems should talk to a doctor before starting. Take it easy at first, and ramp up to a more intense level gradually. “Most of all, remember that something is better than nothing and there is no age when it’s too late to start,” says Dr. Baggish. （10分） (1) When people start exercising, they need to consider their age. （2分）错误正确★标准答案：错误(2) If you do exercises more than others, you’ll live long and have less disease. （2分）错误正确★标准答案：正确(3) Walking and taking the stairs are the two kinds of exercises. （2分）错误正确★标准答案：正确(4) Old people need to spend much time on strength training. （2分）错误正确★标准答案：错误(5) If one is too old, it’s better for him not to do exercises. （2分）错误正确★标准答案：错误2. " The Earth is our home but much of it is dirty and dying. Rapid industrial development caused a lot of ecological problems. They are air pollution, water pollution, growth of population and shortage of mineral resources.Air becomes polluted in many ways. Cars, trucks, buses, airplanes, factories and plants send burnt gases into the air. The production ofelectricity causes not only air pollution but acid rains and global warming. Because of acid rains, the Earth loses twenty million acres of tropical rainforests every year. This means the extinction of thousands of species that live there, for example tigers. Only sixty-seven thousand tigers remain. Tigers are hunted and killed for their body parts, which are used in oriental medicines. The ozone layer is destroyed too and the dangerous rays get through the atmosphere, causing skin cancer and other diseases.Seventy percent of the Earth is covered by oceans. Oceans are vital for the life on Earth. They provide homes for millions of plants and animals, provide people with food and help regulate the climate. But now they are a big dumping ground for tons of toxic waste. Most big cities pour their waste into seas and rivers. For a long time people did not realize the danger. The first alarm came from Japan: sixty people died because they have eaten polluted fish.We need clean air to breathe and pure water to drink. We need also food that is safe to eat and housing to shelter us. We can’t get all these things by ourselves. We live in community so we can solve our problems only by working together. Russia is cooperating in the field of environmental protection with the USA, Canada, Norway, Finland and other countries. A lot of public organizations have been established. One of them is Green Peace which was formed in 1971 with its headquarters in Amsterdam. The area of operation is twenty-five countries worldwide. Its objectives are to protect wild life and the atmosphere, to prevent disposal of toxic waste and nuclear tests." （10分） (1) Air pollution is the main cause of ecological problems. （2分）错误正确★标准答案：错误(2) Global warming causes loss of twenty million acres of tropical rainforests every year. （2分）错误正确★标准答案：错误(3) Oceans on earth are playing an important role in climate regulation. （2分）错误正确★标准答案：正确(4) Green Peace is an organization with its main purpose to protect peace around the world. （2分）错误正确★标准答案：错误(5) All countries should work together to protect our environment. （2分）错误正确★标准答案：正确五. 阅读理解选择（共20题,共40分）1. " Michael Jackson was known as the “King of Pop”, but his huge success as a performer was not always easy.Born in Gary, Indiana in 1958, Jackson was the seventh of nine children. He was five years old when he began singing with his brothers in a group called The Jackson 5, and eleven when their first album was released.The Jackson 5 became an immediate success. Their music set records. Michael, the lead singer and energetic dancer, was the star of the group.In the 1970s, the group shortened their name to The Jacksons. Three years later, Jackson released “Thriller” on his own. The album was not just the best selling album of all time, it also won many major Awards. And it helped establish the popularity of a new form of entertainment, Music Video.Michael Jackson was a huge success, but he was also a very troubled man. He had many operations to change his face. He sometimes acted and spoke in a childlike way, for example, he once bought a huge property in California which he called “Neverland” after the children’s story “Peter Pan”. And he suffered from injuries and illness that led him to take many kinds of pain-killing medicines.In 1993, a thirteen-year-old boy accused him of sexual abuse. Ten years later, a similar accusation led to a criminal trial which began in 2005. A jury cleared Jackson of all charges. He called the trial the hardest thing he had ever met in his life.After his 2005 trial, the singer spent much of his time in Europe and the Middle East. He returned to the United States with the aim to make a victorious comeback. Michael Jackson died of heart failure on June 25, 2009, just days away from holding concerts in London.Fans around the world mourned his death. Famous performers around the world told about the influence he had on their work. Michael Jackson left a huge mark on popular culture. He will live on in his unforgettable music." （10分） (1) The following statements are true about Michael Jackson EXCEPT_______. （2分）A.He was five when he began singing in Jackson 5.B.He was eleven when he released his first album alone.C.His “Thriller” won many major Awards.D.His huge property in California was named after Peter Pan.★标准答案：B(2) Which of the following best describes Michael Jackson? （2分）A.Successful but unlucky.B.Successful but troubled.C.Heroic but childlike.D.Evil and guilty.★标准答案：B(3) How did the trial of the sexual abuses affect Michael Jackson? （2分）A.It led to his death.B.It led him to take poisonous medicines.C.It was the most difficult thing he had met in his life.D.It made him decide to plan a victorious comeback.★标准答案：C(4) Returning from Europe and the Middle East, Michael Jackson aimed to_____. （2分）A.rise againB.hold concerts in LondonC.cure his heart diseaseD.forget about the trials★标准答案：A(5) What kind of contribution did Michael Jackson make to popular culture?（2分）A.He created a new form of entertainment—MV.B.He released ten best-selling albums.C.He left us a lot of unforgettable music.D.He set a good example to the stars.★标准答案：C2. The school was across the street from my home and I would often watchthe kids as they played basketball after class. A sea of children, and yet to me, a girl stood out from them all. She was different from others as she seemedso small among those boys.I remember the first day I saw her playing basketball. I watched in wonder as she ran circles around the other kids and managed to shoot jump shots just over their heads and into the net. The boys always tried to stop her but noone could. I began to notice her at other times, basketball in hand, playing alone. Every day she would practice over and over again, sometimes until dark.One day I asked her why she practiced so much. She looked directly into my eyes and said, “I like basketball, and I want to go to play in the bestcollege basketball team.” She looked quite firm, “That’s my dream.” In the following years, I watched her through those junior high years and into high school. Every week she led her school team to one victory after another.One day in her senior year, I saw her sitting on the grass alone. I walked across the street and sat down beside her. Quietly I asked what was wrong. “Oh, nothing,” she answered, “My coaches think I am just too short at fivefeet five inches to drea m about a top college team.” She looked a bit depressed. I felt sorry for her and asked her if she had talked to her dadabout it yet. She lifted her head and told me that her father thought those coaches were wrong and did not understand the power of a dr eam. “If youtruly wanted to realize your dream, nothing could stop you except one thing—your determination”, He encouraged her, “If the dream is big enough, thefacts don’t count.”The next year, as she and her team went to the Northern California Championship game, a famous college coach found her. And she was going to get the college education that she had dreamed of and worked towards for all those years. Her father is right: If the dream is big enough, the facts don’t count. （10分） (1) According to the author, the girl stood out from others because of the following reasons EXCEPT ___________ （2分）A.she was his studentB.she was smallC.she practiced hardD.she played well★标准答案：A(2) The girl looked firm because ___________ （2分）A.her father encouraged her to play basketball.B.her dream was to study in a college .C.a top college team was her dream and she would work hard for it.D.height is not a problem for her.★标准答案：C(3) Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the text? （2分）A.The girl was the leader of the school team.B.The girl's father always believed the power of a dream.C.The coaches were not good to the girl.D.The girl’s father may be a strong-willed person.★标准答案：C(4) What did the father mean when he said “If the dream is big enough, the facts don’t count”? （2分）A.We should always dream something big.B.Determination can help us overcome difficulties.C.Anyone can dream anything.D.If you have a dream, you will succeed.★标准答案：B(5) What helped the girl realize her dream? （2分）A.Her determination.B.Her diligence.C.Her father’s support.D.All the above.★标准答案：D3. My friend and I were taking a walk around the Moreno Valley Mall theother day. Soon, we began watching how people were interacting with each other during this very busy time. We found, for the most part, people were trying to be polite and thoughtful even when they were busy doing their Holiday Shopping.Later that night, I accidentally knocked into a lady with her arms full of packages. She was also trying to manage the five kids she had with her. After helping her pick up the goods that fell from one bag, I apologized for causing her more difficulty on her shopping adventure. She was so sweet. She gave me a hug and told me not to worry. She went on to tell me that two of her kids had accidentally knocked down a display stand in a department store, and the store clerk was so kind as she tried to help fix the disorder. I asked if I could interview her on camera to share her personal experience, but she did not want to be photographed. She said she was not comfortable with her appearance that day. Trying to shop in a crowded mall with five kids can be a painful experience and she was tired.To cut a long story short: The kindness of the store clerk who helped her after the kids had hit the display stand changed her attitude for the day. So, after I accidentally tried to knock the sweet lady off her feet, she said not to worry. She wanted to share the kindness she had just received from the store clerk.You never know how one kind word or act can change the course of someone’s day. “Please, thank you and I’m sorry” are the most important and often least used words.She wished me a Merry Christmas and gave me a hug. It is now my turn to repay the kindness. （10分） (1) What message does the story mainly convey? （2分）A.We should be polite when shopping.B.We should be thankful to people who are kind to us.C.A sim ple act can greatly change a person’s attitude.D.We should be careful while shopping with kids.★标准答案：C(2) What were the people doing when the author and her friend werewatching them? （2分）A.They were knocking into each other.B.They were managing packages and kids.C.They were being polite to each other.D.They were busy doing shopping.★标准答案：D(3) What do we learn about the lady in the story? （2分）A.She was watching her kids playing in the Mall.B.She was grateful to the shop assistant who helped her.C.She was unfriendly to us for she didn’t let us interview her.D.She felt happy that her kids were under control.★标准答案：B(4) The following people spread or decided to spread kindness EXCEPT_______. （2分）A.the ladyB.the kidsC.the shop clerkD.the author★标准答案：B(5) The best word to describe the tone in this passage is______. （2分）A.lovingB.busyC.disorderedD.crowded★标准答案：A4. Global warming is a cause for concern for the whole world and it has to be tackled by all countries together. Mercury is rising and very soon life onEarth will become a living hell all thanks to global warming.The result is for all to see, roads overflowing with the latest cars, fields and trees in the name of progress and development are gradually, systematically making way for concrete jungles, homes fitted with the latest electric gadgets, all contributing to the emission of green house gases and depletion of the ozone layers, accelerating global warning.Nature is warning us through the melting of the glaciers and climate change that the clock, for our doom’s day, has started ticking. Warmer weather, rising sea levels, floods, tsunamis and earthquakes are just some of the problemsbut in reality we are sitting on a volcano ready to erupt. These are signals ofa transition that will decide the destiny of this planet and all living things.The question is can we reverse the change? The truth is we may not beable to but we can certainly stall it if we give a healing touch to this planet by controlling rapid industrialization and development as well as conserving energy.The key lies in sustainable development, now it is the time to think of the whole world as one entity rather than to restrict our vision to our own country. It is this, only this, which will buy time for this planet as the damage donemay be irreversible and development and progress cannot be stopped.The other remedy is planting trees, protecting agricultural land from being used for purposes other than planting crops, checking exploitation of natural resources such as ground water, devising ways and means to preserve, conserve and replenish what we take away from Mother Nature.In brief, let us not disturb the ecological balance and try living with Naturein harmony which is natural and is also the need of the hour. （10分） (1) The following are reasons for global warming EXCEPT ______. （2分）A.modern vehiclesB.excessive expansion of citiesC.floodsD.electric equipment★标准答案：C(2) Which of the following is NOT signal of global warming? （2分）A.Melting of the glaciersB.Eruption of volcano.C.Rising sea levels.D.Climate change.★标准答案：B(3) How can we stop the bad circle of global warming? （2分）A.By controlling rapid industrialization and development.B.By conserving energy.C.By planting more trees.D.All of the above.★标准答案：D(4) What can we learn from the passage? （2分）A.Human beings on earth are in danger because of global warming.B.Development and progress should be stopped for environmental protection.C.We can reverse the damage done to earth.D.Planting trees is the only remedy for our environment.★标准答案：A(5) Which of the following adjectives can best describe the author’s attitude towards global warming? （2分）A.Positive.B.Neutral.C.Worried.D.Confident.★标准答案：C。

(一) 单选题1. We can not (?) what should be done the next step.(A)affirm (B)firm (C)inform参考答案：(A)2. The border police(?) the traveler to unlock his luggage.(A)acquired (B)required (C)inquire (D)inspire参考答案：(B)3. He won by a greater (?) in this election than in the last.(A)majority (B)minority (C)major (D)minor参考答案：(A)4. When you come here for your holiday next time, don’t go to （？）hotel ; I can find you （？）bed in my flat.(A)the, a (B)the, / (C)a, the (D)a, /参考答案：(A)5. （？）on-going division between English ?speaking Canadians and French-speaking Canadians is （？）major concern of the country.(A)The, / (B)The, a (C)An, the (D)An, /参考答案：(B)6. Tom （？）to computer games all day,（？）is often mentioned as a negative example on different occasions, so he is not a guy worth learning from.(A)is addicted,who (B)addicted,不填(C)who is addicted,who (D)is addicted,不填参考答案：(A)7. Running your own business usually (?) working long hours.(A)comes (B)involves (C)results (D)leads参考答案：(B)8. While he was investigating ways t improve the telescope Newton made （？）discoverywhich completely changed （？）man’s understanding of color.(A)a, / (B)a, the (C)/, the (D)the, a参考答案：(A)9. I hope my teacher will take my recent illness into （？）when judging my examination.(A)regard (B)counting (C)account (D)observation参考答案：(C)10. Mrs. Taylor has （？）8-year-old daughter who has （？）gift for painting ?she has won two national prizes.(A)a, a (B)an,the (C)an, a (D)the, a参考答案：(C)11. It was the （？）of current capital(流动资本) that defeated their business.(A)full (B)plenty (C)lack (D)alot参考答案：(C)12. I'm (?) to the opinion that violence in TV programs has damaged many teenagers.(A)hopeful (B)used (C)prefer (D)inclined参考答案：(D)13. John is very（？）---If he promises to do something, he will do it.(A)independent (B)confident (C)reliable (D)flexible参考答案：(C)14. Sorry，I didn't mean to be so (?) to offend you.(A)good (B)shy (C)abrupt (D)desire参考答案：(C)15. It is often said that （？）teachers have （？）very easy life.(A)/, / (B)/, a (C)the, / (D)the, a参考答案：(B)16. His speech was so welcome that it was constantly(?)by applause.(A)interrupted (B)disturbed (C)distracted (D)interpreted参考答案：(A)17. This island is （？）a dependency(附属地) of the USA.(A)no longer (B)been (C)become (D)however参考答案：(A)18. But what is the(?) of using nuclear power?(A)interest (B)benefit (C)profit (D)advantage参考答案：(D)19. He wants to be famous?he is (?) being nobody.(A)fond of (B)lack of (C)tired of (D)think of参考答案：(C)20. She had thought of opening the door to someone she had known a long tim and would be pleased to(?).(A)see (B)seeing (C)beseen (D)saw参考答案：(A)21. My(?)to his proposal were not quite what he expected.(A)impressions (B)refusals (C)reactions (D)opinions参考答案：(C)22. （？）to the names on the list，there are six other applicants.(A)Besides (B)Adding (C)Up (D)Inaddition参考答案：(D)23. He has been brought in to (?) the defence.(A)strong (B)strength (C)strengthen (D)stronger参考答案：(C)24. If you grow up in （？）large family ,you are more likely to develop （？）ability to get on well with （？）others .(A)/, an, the (B)a, the, / (C)the, an, the (D)a, the, the参考答案：(B)25. It is （？）impossible to find a good educational computer program in this part of the country.(A)barely (B)hardly (C)merely (D)nearly参考答案：(D)26. It is （？）world of wonders,（？）world where anything can happen.a, the (B)a, a (C)the, a (D)/, /参考答案：(B)27. Her success must have something to (?) his diligence.(A)deal with (B)cope with (C)stand with (D)do with参考答案：(D)28. When problems such as energy crisis, pollution and population explosion (?), people are asked to share the bitterness and endure the hardship.(A)are arisen (B)arise (C)arising (D)arisen参考答案：(B)29. The suit fitted him well (?) the colour was a little brighter.(A)except for (B)except that (C)except when参考答案：30. Professor Smith is always very （？）to the reaction of the audience when he gives lectures.(A)sentimental (B)sensitive (C)sensible (D)positive参考答案：(B)31. I opened the packet just to satisfy my (?) .(A)question (B)ability (C)curiosity (D)imagination参考答案：(C)32. I can’t remember when exactly the Robinsons left （？）city ,I only remember it was （？）Monday.(A)the, the (B)a, the (C)a, a (D)the, a参考答案：(D)33. （？）the weather, the sports meet will be held on time.(A)Infavor of (B)Regardless of (C)Apart from (D)Due to参考答案：(B)34. The demand for organic food is increasing (?) about one third every year.(A)by (B)at (C)to (D)with参考答案：(A)35. Hardly had he finished the exam (?)the bell rang.(A)and (B)when (C)than (D)as参考答案：(B)36. I do the dishes every day，so I （？）it.(A)ate (B)find (C)amusedto (D)tasted参考答案：(C)37. These noisy conditions aren't really helpful to (?) on work.(A)concentrate (B)concentrated (C)concentration (D)concentrating参考答案：(A)38. With so many programs （？）online for free, there is no excuse not to make use of them.(A)available (B)acceptable (C)approachable (D)movable参考答案：(A)39. They are(?) a heated discussion about the environmental pollution.(A)catching into (B)catching up in (C)caught up with (D)caught up in参考答案：(D)40. There is greater (?) of labor between jobs and areas.(A)mobility (B)majority (C)ability (D)facility参考答案：(A)41. As a result of destroying the forests, a large（？）of desert（？）covered the land.(A)number,has (B)quantity,has (C)number,have (D)quantity,have参考答案：(B)42. They （？）the secretary for the delay of the plan.(A)satisfied (B)blamed (C)told (D)turned参考答案：(B)43. On May 5,2005,at （？）World Table Tennis Championship, Kong Ling hui and WangHao won the gold medal in men’s with （？）score of 4:1.(A)a, a (B)/,the (C)a, / (D)the, a参考答案：(D)44. Science has (?) many changes in our lives.(A)bring up (B)bring about (C)bring down (D)bring to参考答案：(B)45. The actual （？）_by which oil is extracted is well worth watching.(A)pattern (B)process (C)form (D)fashion参考答案：(B)46. We are growing (?) with the lack of results.(A)happy (B)unhappy (C)patient (D)impatient参考答案：(D)47. My wages have （？）twice as much as last year.(A)more (B)less (C)alot (D)increased参考答案：(D)48. I mustn’t displease my boss because I can’t (?) to lose the chance to make big money here.(A)allocate (B)afford (C)announce (D)affect参考答案：(B)49. I seem to have been (?) all day，without having a rest.(A)on the go (B)up to now (C)in a time (D)at once参考答案：(A)50. I can(?)your saying to me that you were going to be a lawyer.(A)recall (B)believe (C)consider (D)recognize参考答案：(A)51. The World Health Organization gave a warning to the public without any(?) when the virus of H1N1 hit Mexico in April,2009.(A)delay (B)effort (C)schedule (D)consideration参考答案：(A)52. I have（？）with him for 20 years.(A)got in touch (B)got into contact (C)been in contact (D)made contact参考答案：(C)53. In the (?) of proof, the police could not take action against the man.(A)lack (B)shortage (C)absence (D)failure参考答案：(C)54. She is (?) her studies at the university.(A)pursuing (B)seeking (C)looking (D)finding参考答案：(A)55. The Wilsons live in （？）A-shaped house near the coast . It is （？）17th century cottage.(A)the, / (B)an, the (C)/, the (D)an, a参考答案：(D)56. It is difficult to obtain （？）evidence.(A)reliable (B)remarkable (C)capable参考答案：(A)57. After dinner he gave Mr. Richardson （？）ride to （？）Capital Airport.(A)the, a (B)a,the (C)/, a (D)/, the参考答案：(B)58. John has got a fever these days, and he says he doesn’t want to see a doctor, but I’m afraid he has no（？）.(A)alternative (B)extra (C)treatment (D)possibility参考答案：(A)59. The only （？）of the plan is that it costs too much．(A)drawback (B)mistakes (C)fault (D)difficulty参考答案：(A)60. Despite the heavy snow, the guard stood(?)at the gate, gun in hand(A)root (B)roots (C)rooting (D)rooted参考答案：(D)61. Agriculture was a step in human progress (?) which subsequently there was not anything comparable until our own machine age.(A)in (B)for (C)to (D)from参考答案：(C)62. When he saw Professor Smith, he(?) his hand to him.(A)extended (B)expanded (C)expended (D)exposed参考答案：(A)63. If you go by （？）train ,you can have quite a comfortable journey ,but make sure you get （？）fast one.(A)/, / (B)/, a (C)the, a (D)/, /参考答案：(B)64. Let Harry play with your toys as well. Clare, you must learn to (?).(A)support (B)care (C)spare (D)share参考答案：(D)65. All business activities are inherently （？）.(A)handy (B)sunny (C)risky参考答案：(C)66. He is (?) the result of the exam.(A)anxious (B)eager to know (C)look forward to (D)instead of参考答案：(B)67. Technology creates more problems than it solves, and may （？）or damage the quality of life.(A)threaten (B)improve (C)threat (D)prevent参考答案：(A)68. When he left （？）college ,he got a job as （？）reporter in a newspaper office .(A)/, a (B)/, the (C)a, the (D)the, the参考答案：(A)69. The increase in home computers means that families have much easier（？）to information．(A)measure (B)access (C)way (D)method参考答案：(B)70. His first response was to say no. Later，（？），he changed his mind.(A)moreover (B)however (C)still (D)otherwise参考答案：(B)71. Tom owns （？）larger collection of （？）books than any other student in our class.(A)the, / (B)a, / (C)a, the (D)/, the参考答案：(B)72. He (?) his hand to the new employee.(A)extent (B)intent (C)intended (D)extended参考答案：(D)73. The earthquake （？）several buildings.(A)damaged (B)came (C)burst (D)became参考答案：(A)74. Do you think regular exercise (?) good health?(A)benefit from (B)reach for (C)make for (D)go for参考答案：(C)75. I do not believe in (?) of capacity，but I do believe in (?) of opportunity.(A)equal (B)equalize (C)equality (D)equally参考答案：(C)76. （？）recent report stated that the number of Spanish speakers in the U.S .would be higher than the number of English speaker by_____ year 2090.(A)A, the (B)A, / (C)The, / (D)The, a参考答案：(A)77. The book tells （？）life story of John Smith ,who left （？）school and worked for a newspaper at the age of 16.(A)the, the (B)a, the (C)the. / (D)a, /参考答案：(C)78. I knew （？）John Lennon ,but not（？）famous one.(A)/, a (B)a,the (C)/, the (D)the, a参考答案：(B)79. If you buy more than ten, they will knock 20 pence off（？）.(A)a price (B)price (C)the price (D)prices参考答案：(C)80. To save this kind of crisis, the only (?) is to work together and fight together.(A)decision (B)purpose (C)result (D)solution参考答案：(D)81. Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, (?) they knew it to be valuable.(A)as if (B)now that (C)even though (D)so that参考答案：(C)82. The most important thing about cotton in history is （？）part that it played in （？）Industrial Revolution.(A)/, / (B)the, / (C)the, the (D)a, the参考答案：(C)83. Spending most of his childhood in Spain, Peter, a native Englishman, is also （？）in Spanish.(A)promising (B)grateful (C)definite (D)fluent参考答案：(D)84. Do you know why death is (?) by black？(A)symbol (B)signal (C)sign (D)symbolized参考答案：(D)85. Jack is kind, clever and hardworking,（？）I can not speak too highly of him.(A)as a consequence of (B)by the way (C)on the contrary (D)in a word参考答案：(D)86. For a long time they walked without saying （？）word .Jim was the first t break （？）silence.(A)the, a (B)a, the (C)a, / (D)the, /参考答案：(B)87. A good manager should be (?) in prevailing enterprise management theory.(A)efficient (B)sufficient (C)proficient (D)deficient参考答案：(C)88. Jimmy (?) Father Christmas.(A)seemed as (B)looked like (C)looked as (D)seemed参考答案：(B)89. He's a bright kid and (?) to learn.(A)polite (B)eager (C)rude (D)tend参考答案：(B)90. We are (?) to you for your cooperation.(A)wonderful (B)grateful (C)merry参考答案：(B)(二) 完型填空1. Man has a big . He can think, learn and speak . Scientists to think that men are different from animals because they can think and learn. They know now that animals can learn. Dogs, rats,and birds can learn. scientists are beginning to understand that men are different from animals , because they can speak. Animals cannot speak. They noises when they are afraid, or angry, or unhappy. Apes are our cousins. They can understand some things more quickly than human beings, and one or two a few words. But they are still different from us. They cannot words and make sentences. They cannot think us because they have no language. They cannot think about the past or the future. Language is a wonderful thing. Man has been able to civilization because he has language. Every child can speak his own language very well when he is four or five, but no animal learns to speak. How children learn? Scientists do not know. They only know that man can speak because he has a big brain.(1) (A)brain(B)head(C)mind(D)spirit(2) (A)to use(B)used(C)use(D)using(3) (A)Since(B)When(C)So(D)Which(4) (A)make(B)are making(C)made(D)being made(5) (A)near(B)nearer(C)nearest(D)the nearest(6) (A)are learning (B)have learned (C)learnt(D)learn(7) (A)link(B)connect(C)join(D)mix(8) (A)as(B)for(C)like(D)about(9) (A)developing(B)develop(C)develops(D)development(10) (A)has(B)did(C)does(D)does参考答案：(ABCACBCCBD)2. Everyone of the President of the US as the most powerful man in the western world. But when the representatives of the 13 former British colonies to draw up the constitution of the new country 1788, a number of them were not sure whether they to have a President at all. There were even who would have preferred a king, in spite of their successful war against the British king, George III. The decision was in doubt the last moment. One group wanted to elect the Presiden for life, while suggested that there should not be a President, because a Committee would govern the country better; a third group would like a President whose term of office would last seven years but who could not stand for reelection, because they were afraid he would spend his time votes at the next election. In the end they chose George Washington as President for four years and let him for reelection because they trusted him. But they were to make rules in case a future President would behave badly and these rules were used to get rid of President Nixon two hundreds years later.(1) (A)use to think (B)think(C)thinks(D)uses to think(2) (A) found(B)met(C) encountered (D) put together(3) (A)at(B)by(C)on(D)in(4) (A)should(B)would(C)needed(D)must(5) (A) few(B)a few(C)little(D)a little(6) (A)until(B)as far as(C)so far as(D)by(7) (A)another(B)other(C)the other(D)some other(8) (A)looking for(B)to look for(C)to look at(D)looking at(9) (A)stand(B)to stand(C)be standing(D)that he stood(10) (A)so careful(B)too careful(C)careful enough (D)enough careful参考答案：(CBDCBAAAAC)3. Loyalty is the most important for friendship. No one wants to make friends 1 those who will betray them, so we should try our best to 2 our friends in making good decisions. If we are in opposition with them, we should 3 our idea straightforwardly and avoid commenting any of their shortcomings behind them.Frankness is the foundation of friendship. If one makes friends with 4 purposes, there is no 5 that the friendship will break sooner or later. We often see that some powerful 6 has a lot of friends around. They come to the person’s home with bags of valuable presents. After receiving enough presents, the powerful person will help them achieve their 7 . But of course, the friendship will 8 there, and will go on when there is Another aim. True friends are together with pure, frank heart. They won’t tell lies or take advantage 9 each other, so that their friendship can last forever. Amiability（和蔼可亲）is the condition of friendship. Before knowing each other, we make friends with someone probably because he is easy going and we can get 10 well with him.(1) (A)of(B)with(C)in(D)to(2) (A)give(B)make(C)find(D)support(3) (A) express(B)paint(C) imagine(D) hide(4) (A)good(B)kind(C)certain(D)fine(5) (A)reason(B)doubt(C)fact(D)thing(6) (A)people(B)leaders(C)person(D)friends(7) (A)things(B)objects(C)subjects(D)aims(8) (A)stop(B)start(C)finish (D)come(9) (A)to(B)over(C)from(D)up(10) (A)of(B)to(C)on(D)off参考答案：(BDACBCDABC)出师表精品文档你我共享两汉：诸葛亮先帝创业未半而中道崩殂，今天下三分，益州疲弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。

自主招生模拟试题三刘娜Section A〔每题2 分,共30分Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.The U.S.Department of Education is making efforts to ensure that all students have equal access to a quality education.Today it is 36 the launch of the Excellent Educators for All Initiative.The initiative will help states and school districts support great educators for the students who need them most."All children are 37 to a high-quality education regardless of their race, zip code or family income.It is 38 important that we provide teachers and principals the support they need to help students reach their full 39 ," U.S.Secretary of Education Arne Duncan said." Despite the excellent work and deep 40 of our nation's teachers and principals, students in high-poverty, high- minority schools are unfairly treated across our country.We have to do better.Local leaders and educators will 41 their own creative solutions, but we must work together to 42 our focus on how to better recruit, support and 43 effective teachers and principals for all students, especially the kids who need them most."Today's announcement is another important step forward in improving access to a quality education, a 44 of President Obama's year of ter today, Secretary Duncan will lead a round table discussion with principals and school teachers from across the country about the 45 of working in high-need schools and how to adopt promising practices for supporting great educators in these schools.A.AnnouncingB.beneficialC.challengesmitmentponentF.contestsG.criticallyH.developI.distributingJ.enhanceK.entitled L.potential M.properly N.qualified O.retainSection B 〔每题3 分共30分Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The Changes Facing Fast FoodA.Fast-food firms have to be a thick-skinned bunch.Health experts regularly criticise them severely for selling food that makes people fat.Critics even complain that McDonald's, whose logo symbolizes calorie excess, should not have been allowed to sponsor the World Cup.These are things fast-food firms have learnt to cope with.But not perhaps for much longer.The burger business faces more pressure from regulators at a time when it is already adapting strategies in response to shifts in the global economy.B>Fast food was once thought to be recession-proof.When consumers need to cut spending, the logic goes, cheap meals like Big Macs and Whoppers become even more attractive.Such "trading down"proved true for much of the latest recession, when fast-food companies picked up customers who could no longer afford to eat at casual restaurants.Traffic was boosted in America, the home of fast food, with discounts and promotions, such as $1 menus and cheap combination meals.C>As a result, fast-food chains have weathered the recession better than their more expensive competitors.In 2009 sales at full-service restaurants in America fell by more than 6% , but total sales remained about the same at fast-food chains.In some markets, such as Japan, France and Britain, total spending on fast food increased.Same-store sales in America at McDonald's, the world's largest fast-food company, did not decline throughout the downturn.Panera Bread, an American fast-food chain known for its fresh ingredients, performed well, too, because it offers higher-quality food at lower prices than restaurants.D>But not all fast-food companies have been as fortunate.Many, such as Burger King, have seen sales fall.In a severe recession, while some people trade down to fast food, many others eat at home more frequently to save money.David Palmer, an analyst at UBS, a bank, says smaller fast- food chains in America, such as Jack in the Box and Carl's Jr., have been hit particularly hard in this downturn because they are competing with the global giant McDonald's, which increased spending on advertising by more than 7% last year as others cut back.E.Some fast-food companies also sacrificed their own profits by trying to give customers better value.During the recession companies set prices low, hoping that once they had tempted customers through the door they would be persuaded to order more expensive items.But in many cases that strategy did not st year Burger King franchisees <特许经营人>sued <起诉>the company over its double-cheeseburger promotion, claiming it was unfair for them to be required to sell these for $1 when they cost$1.10 to make.In May a judge ruled in favour of Burger King.Nevertheless, the company may still be cursing its decision to promote cheap choices over more expensive ones because items on its "value menu" now account for around 20% of all sales, up from 12% last October.F.Analysts expect the fast-food industry to grow modestly this year.But the downturn is making companies rethink their strategies.Many are now introducing higher-priced items to entice <引诱>consumers away from $1 specials.KFC, a division of Yum! Brands, which also owns Taco Bell and Pizza Hut, has launched a chicken sandwich that costs around $5.And in May Burger King introduced barbecue <烧烤>pork ribs at $7 for eight.panies are also trying to get customers to buy new and more items, including drinks.McDonald's started selling better coffee as a challenge to Starbucks.Its " McCafe" line now accounts for an estimated 6% of sales in America.Starbucks has sold rights to its Seattle's Best coffee brand to Burger King, which will start selling it later this year.H.As fast-food companies shift from "super size" to "more buys", they need to keep customer traffic high throughout the day.Many see breakfast as a big opportunity, and not just for fatty food.McDonald's will start selling porridge <粥>in America next year.Breakfast has the potential to be very profitable, says Sara Senatore of Bernstein, a research firm, because the margins can be high.Fast-food companies are also adding midday and late-night snacks, such as blended drinks and wraps.The idea is that by having a greater range of things on the menu, "we can sell to consumers products they want all day," says Rick Carucci., the .chief financial officer of Yum ! Brands.I.But what about those growing waistlines? So far, fast-food firms have cleverly avoided government regulation.By providing healthy options, like salads and low-calorie sandwiches, they have at least given the impression of doing something about helping to fight obesity <肥胖症>.These offerings are not necessarily loss-leaders, as they broaden the appeal of outlets to groups of diners that include some people who don't want to eat a burger.But customers cannot be forced to order salads instead of fries.J.In the future, simply offering a healthy option may not be good enough."Every packaged-food and restaurant company I know is concerned about regulation right now," says Mr.Palmer of UBS.America's health-reform bill, which Congress passed this year, requires restaurant chains with 20 or more outlets to put the calorie-content ofitems they serve on the menu.A study by the National Bureau of Economic Research, which tracked the effects on Starbucks of a similar calorie-posting law in New York City in 2007, found that the average calorie-count per transaction fell 6% and revenue increased 3% at Starbucks stores where a Dunldn Donuts outlet was nearby--a sign, it is said, that menu-labelling could favour chains that have more healthy offerings.K.In order to avoid other legislation in America and elsewhere, fast-food companies will have to continue innovating <创新>.Walt Riker of McDonald's claims the change it has made in its menu means it offers more healthy items than it did a few years ago."We probably sell more vegetables,more milk, more salads, more apples than any restaurant business in the world," he says.But the recent proposal by a county in California to ban McDonald's from including toys in its high-calorie"Happy Meals", because legislators believe it attracts children to unhealthy food, suggests there is a lot more left to do.46.Some people propose laws be made to stop McDonald's from attaching toys to its food specials for children.47.Fast-food firms may not be able to cope with pressures from food regulation in the near future.48.Burger King will start to sell Seattle's Best coffee to increase sales.49.Some fast-food firms provide healthy food to give the impression they are helping to tackle the obesity problem.50.During the recession, many customers turned to fast food to save money.51.Many people eat out less often to save money in times of recession.52.During the recession, Burger King's promotional strategy of offering low-priced items often proved ineffective.53.Fast-food restaurants can make a lot of money by selling breakfast.54.Many fast-food companies now expect to increase their revenue by introducing higher-priced items.55.A newly-passed law asks big fast-food chains to specify the calorie count of what they serve on the menu. Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A., B>, C.and D >.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.If you think a high-factor sunscreen <防晒霜>keeps you safe from harmful rays, you may be wrong.Research in this week's Nature shows that while factor 50 reduces the number of melanomas<黑瘤>and delays their occurrence, it can't prevent them.Melanomas are the most aggressive skin cancers.You have a higher risk if you have red or blond hair, fair skin, blue or green eyes, or sunburn easily, or if a close relative has had one.Melanomas are more common if you have periodic intense exposure to the sun.Other skin cancers are increasingly likely with long-term exposure.There is continuing debate as to how effective sunscreen is in reducing melanomasthe evidence is weaker than it is for preventing other types of skin cancer.A 2011 Australian study of 1,621 people found that people randomly selected to apply sunscreen daily had half the rate of melanomas of people who used cream as needed.A second study, comparing 1,167 people with melanomas to 1,101 who didn't have the cancer, found that using sunscreen routinely, alongside other protection such as hats,long sleeves or staying in the shade, did give some protection.This study said other forms of sun protectionnot sunscreenseemed most beneficial.The study relied on people remembering what they had done over each decade of their lives, so it's not entirely reliable.But it seems reasonable to think sunscreen gives people a false sense of security in the sun.Many people also don't use sunscreen properlyapplying insufficient amounts, failing to reapply after a couple of hours and staying in the sun too long.It is sunburn that is most worryingrecent research shows five episodes of sunburn in the teenage years increases the risk of all skin cancers.The good news is that a combination of sunscreen and covering up can reduce melanoma rates, as shown by Australian figures from their slip-slop-slap campaign.So if there is a heat wave this summer, it would be best for us, too, to slip on a shirt, slop on <抹上>sunscreen and slap on a hat.56.What is people's common expectation of a high-factor sunscreen?A.It will delay the occurrence of skin cancer.B.It will protect them from sunburn.C.It will keep their skin smooth and fair.D.It will work for people of any skin color.57.What does the research in Nature say about a high-factor sunscreen?A.It is ineffective in preventing melanomas.B.It is ineffective in case of intense sunlight.C.It is ineffective with long-term exposure.D.It is ineffective for people with fair skin.58.What do we learn from the 2011 Australian study of 1,621 people?A.Sunscreen should be applied alongside other protection measures.B.High-risk people benefit the most from the application of sunscreen.C.Irregular application of sunscreen does women more harm than good.D.Daily application of sunscreen helps reduce the incidence of melanomas.59.What does the author say about the second Australian study?A.It misleads people to rely on sunscreen for protection.B.It helps people to select the most effective sunscreen.C.It is not based on direct observation of the subjects.D.It confirms the results of the first Australian study.60.What does the author suggest to reduce melanoma rates?ing both covering up and sunscreen.B.Staying in the shade whenever possible.ing covering up instead of sunscreen.D.Applying the right amount of sunscreen.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Across the rich world, well-educated people increasingly work longer than the less-skilled.Some65% of American men aged 62 -74 with a professional degree are in the workforce, compared with32% of men with only a high-school certificate.This gap is part of a deepening divide between the well-educated well-off and the unskilled poor.Rapid technological advance has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while squeezing those of the unskilled.The consequences, for individuals and society, are profound.The world is facing an astonishing rise in the number of old people, and they will live longer than ever before.Over the next 20 years the global population of those aged 65 or more will almost double, from 600 million to 1.1 billion.The experience of the 20th century, when greater longevity <长寿>translated into more years in retirement rather than more years at work, has persuaded many observers that this shift will lead to slower economic growth, while the swelling ranks of pensioners will create government budget problems.But the notion of a sharp division between the working young and the idle old misses a new trend, the growing gap between the skilled and the unskilled.Employment rates are falling among younger unskilled people, whereas older skilled folk are working longer.The divide is most extreme in America, where well-educated baby-boomers <二战后生育高峰期出生的美国人>are putting off retirement while many less-skilled younger people have dropped out of the workforce.Policy is partly responsible.Many European governments have abandoned policies that used to encourage people to retire early.Rising life expectancy <预期寿命>, combined with the replacement of generous defined-benefit pension plans with less generous defined-contribution ones, means that even the better-off must work longer to have a comfortable retirement.But the changing nature of work also plays a big role.Pay has risen sharply for the highly educated, and those people continue to reap rich rewards into old age because these days the educated elderly are more productive than the preceding generation.Technological change may well reinforce that shift: the skills that complement computers, from management know how to creativity, do not necessarily decline with age.61.What is happening in the workforce in rich countries?A.Younger people are replacing the elderly.B.Well-educated people tend to work longer.C.Unemployment rates are rising year after year.D.People with no college degree do not easily find work.62.What has helped deepen the divide between the well-off and the poor?A.Longer life expectancies.B.A rapid technological advance.C.Profound changes in the workforce.D.A growing number of the well-educated.63.What do many observers predict in view of the experience of the 20th century?A.Economic growth will slow down.ernment budgets will increase.C.More people will try to pursue higher education.D.There will be more competition in the job market.64.What is the result of policy changes in European countries?A.Unskilled workers may choose to retire early.B.More people have to receive in-service training.C.Even wealthy people must work longer to live comfortably in retirement.D.People may be able to enjoy generous defined-benefits from pension plans.65.What is characteristic of work in the 21st century?puters will do more complicated work.B.More will be taken by the educated young.C.Most jobs to be done will be the creative ones.D.Skills are highly valued regardless of age.Passage ThreeAmong the more colorful characters of Leadville's golden age were H.A.W. Tabor and his second wife, Elizabeth McCourt, better known as "Baby Doe". Their history is fast becoming one of the legends of the Old West. Horace Austin Warner Tabor was a school teacher in Vermont. With his first wife and two children he left Vermont by covered wagon in 1855 to homestead in Kansas. Perhaps he did not find farming to his liking, or perhaps he was lured by rumors of fortunes to be made in Colorado mines. At any rate, a few years later he moved west to the small Colorado mining camp known as California Gulch, which he later renamed Leadville when he became its leading citizen. "Great deposits of lead are sure to be found here." he said.As it turned out, it was silver, not lead, that was to make Leadville's fortune and wealth. Tabor knew little about mining himself, so he opened a general store, which sold everything from boots to salt, flour, and tobacco. It was his custom to "grubstake" prospective miners, in other words, to supply them with food and supplies, or "grub", while they looked for ore, in return for which he would get a share in the mine if one was discovered. He did this for a number of years, but no one that he aided ever found anything of value.Finally one day in the year 1878, so the story goes, two miners came in and asked for "grub". Tabor had decided to quit supplying it because he had lost too much money that way. These were persistent, however, and Tabor was too busy to argue with them. "Oh help yourself. One more time won't make any difference," He said and went on selling shoes and hats to other customers. the two miners took $17 worth of supplies, in return forwhich they gave Tabor a one-third interest in their findings. They picked a barren place on the mountainside and began to dig. After nine days they struck a rich vein of silver. Tabor bought the shares of the other two men, and so the mine belonged to him alone. This mine, known as the "Pittsburgh Mine," made $1,300,000 for Tabor in return for his $17 investment.Later Tabor bought the Matchless Mine on another barren hillside just outside the town for $117,000.This turned out to be even more fabulous than the Pittsburgh, yielding $35,000 worth of silver per day at one time. Leadville grew. Tabor became its first mayor, and later became lieutenant governor of the state.66. Leadville got its name for the following reasons EXCEPT______.A. because Tabor became its leading citizenB. because great deposits of lead is expected to be found thereC. because it could bring good fortune to TaborD. because it was renamed67. The word "grubstake" in paragraph 2 means______.A. to supply miners with food and suppliesB. to open a general storeC. to do one's contribution to the development of the mineD. to supply miners with food and supplies and in return get a share in the mine, if one was discovered68. Tabor made his first fortune_____.A. by supplying two prospective miners and getting in return a one-third interest in the findingsB. because he was persuaded by the two miners to quit supplyingC. by buying the shares of the otherD. as a land speculator69. The underlying reason for Tabor's life career is______.A. purely accidentalB. based on the analysis of miner's being very poor and their possibility of discovering profitable mining siteC. through the help from his second wifeD. he planned well and accomplished targets step by step70. If this passage is the first part of an article, who might be introduced in the following part?A. Tabor's life.B. Tabor's second wife, Elizabeth McCourt.C. Other colorful characters.D. Tabor's other careers.Passage fourIs there enough oil beneath the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge〔保护区<ANWR> to help secure America’s energy future ? President Bush certainly thinks so. He has argued that tapping ANWR’s oil would help ease California’s electricity crisis and provide a major boost to the country’s energy independence. But no one knows for sure how much crude oil lies buried beneath the frozen earth with the last government survey, conducted in 1998, projecting output anywhere from 3 billion to 16 billion barrels.The oil industry goes with the high end of the range, which could equal as much as 10% of U.S. consumption for as long as six years. By pumping more than 1 million barrels a day from the reserve for the next two three decades, lobbyists claim, the nation could cut back on imports equivalent to all shipments to the U.S. from Saudi Arabia. Sounds good. An oil boom would also mean a multibillion-dollar windfall〔意外之财in tax revenues, royalties〔开采权使用费and leasing fees for Alaska and the Federal Government. Best of all, advocates of drilling say , damage to the environment would be insignificant . "We’ve never had a document case of oil rig chasing deer out onto the pack ice." says Alaska State Representative Scott Ogan .Not so far, say environmentalists. Sticking to the low end of government estimates, the National Resources Defense Council says there may be no more than 3.2 billion barrels of economically recoverable oil in the coastal plain of ANWR, a drop in the bucket that would do virtually nothing t o ease America’s energy problems. Andconsumers would wait up to a decade to gain any benefits, because drilling could begin only after much bargaining over leases, environmental permits and regulatory review. As for ANWR’s impact on the California power c risis, environmentalists point out that oil is responsible for only 1% of the GoldenState’s electricity output –and just 3% of the nation’s.71. What does President Bush think of tapping oil in ANWR?A> It will exhaust the nation’s oil reserves.B> It wil l help secure the future of ANWR.C> It will help reduce the nation’s oil importsD> It will increase America’s energy consumption72. We learn from the second paragraph that the American oil industry _______A> believes that drilling for oil in ANWR will produce high yieldsB> tends to exaggerate America’s reliance on foreign oilC> shows little interest in tapping oil in ANWRD> expects to stop oil imports from Saudi Arabia73. Those against oil drilling in ANWR argue that _________A> it can cause serious damage to the environmentB> it can do little to solve U.S. energy problemsC> it will drain the oil reserves in the Alaskan regionD> it will not have much commercial value74. What do the environmentalists mean by saying "Not so fast" <Line 1, Para .3>?A> Oil exploitation takes a long timeB> The oil drilling should be delayedC> Don’t be too optimisticD> Don’t expect fast returns75. It can be learned from the passage that oil exploitation beneath ANWR’s frozen earth ______.A> remains a controversial issueB> is expected to get under way soonC> involves a lot of technological problemsD> will enable the U.S. to be oil independent美国教育部正在努力确保所有学生享有接受高质量教育的乎等权利：今天,它<36>宣布开始实施"为所有学生提供优秀教育工作者"的活动方案。