2014年十二月份四六级翻译

2014年12月6级第一套Part IIIReading comprehensionSection AQuestions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.His future subjects have not always treated the Prince of Wales with the respect one might expect. They laughed aloud in 1986 when the heir to the British (36) ________ told a TV reporter that he talked to his plants at his country house, Highgrove, to stimulate their growth. The Prince was being humorous—“My sense of humor will get me into trouble one day,”he said to the aides (随从)—but listening to Charles Windsor can indeed prove stimulating. The royal (37)________ that been promoting radical ideas for most of his adult life, some of his (38) _________ which once sounded a hit weird were simply ahead of their time. Now, finally, the world seems to be catching up with him.Take his views on farming. Prince Charles’ Duchy Home Farm went (39) ___________ back to 1996.when most shoppers cared only about the low price tag on suspiciously blemish-free(无瑕疵的)V egetables and (40) __________ large chickens piled high in supermarkets.His warnings on climate change proved farsighted; too Charles began (41) _________ action on global warming in 1990 and says he has been worried about the (42) ____________ of man on the environment since he was a teenager.Although he has gradually gained international (43) __________ as one of the a world’s leading conservationists, many British people still think of him as an (44) ____________ person who talks to plants This year, as it happens, South Korean scientists proved that plants really do (45) __________ to sound. So Charles was ahead of the game there, too.A. conformB. eccentricC. environmentalistD. expeditionsE. impactF. notionsG. organicH. originallyI. recognition J. respond K. subordinate L. suppressingM. throne N. unnaturally O. urgingSection BShould Single-Sex Education Be Eliminated?[A] Why is a neuroscientist here debating single-sex schooling? Honestly, I had no fixed ideas on the topic when I started researching it for my book, Pink Brain, Blue Brain. But any discussion of gender differences in children inevitably leads to this debate, so I felt compelled to dive into the research data on single-sex schooling. I read every study I could, weighed the existing evidence, and ultimately concluded that single-sex education is not the answer to gender gaps in achievement—or the best way forward for today’s young people. After my book was published, I met several developmental and cognitive psychologists whose work was addressing gender and education from different angles, and we published a peer-reviewed Education Forum piece in Science magazine with the provocative title, “The Pseudoscience of Single-Sex Education.”[B] We showed that three lines of research used to justify single-sex schooling—educational, neuroscience, and social psychology—all fail to support its alleged benefits, and so the widely-held view that gender separation is somehow better for boys, girls, or both is nothing more than a myth.The Research on Academic Outcomes[C] First, we reviewed the extensive educational research that has compared academic outcomes in students attending single-sex versus coeducational schools. The overwhelming conclusion when you put this enormous literature together is that there is no clear academic advantage of sitting in all-female or all-male classes, in spite of much popular belief to the contrary. I base this conclusion not on any individual study, but on large-scale and systematic reviews of thousands of studies conducted in every major English-speaking country.[D] Of course, there’re many excellent single-sex schools out there, but as these careful research reviews have demonstrated, it’s not their single-sex composition that makes them excellent. It’s all the other advantages that are typically packed into such schools, such as financial resources, quality of the faculty, and pro-academic culture, along with the family background and pre-selected ability of the students themselves that determine their outcomes.[E] A case in point is the study by Linda Sax at UCLA, who used data from a large national survey of college freshmen to evaluate the effect of single-sex versus coeducational high schools. Commissioned by the National Coalition of Girls’ Schools, the raw findings look pretty good for the funders —higher SAT scores and a stronger academic orientation among women who had attended all girls’ high schools (men weren’t studied). However, once the researchers controlled for both student and school attributes—measures such as family income, parents’ education, and school resources—most of these effects were erased or diminished.[F] When it comes to boys in particular, the data show that single-sex education is distinctly unhelpful for them. Among the minority of studies that have reported advantages of single-sex schooling, virtually all of them were studies of girls. There’re no rigorous studies in the United States that find single-sex schooling is better for boys, and in fact, a separate line of research by economists has shown both boys and girls exhibit greater cognitive growth over the school year based on the “dose” of girls in a classroom. In fact, boys benefit even more than girls from having larger numbers of female classmates. So single-sex schooling is really not the answer to the current “boy crisis” in education.Brain and Cognitive Development[G] The second line of research often used to justify single-sex education falls squarely within my area of expertise: brain and cognitive development. I t’s been more than a decade now since the “brain sex movement ” began infiltrating (渗入) our schools, and there are literally hundreds of schools caught up in the fad (新潮). Public schools in Wisconsin, Indiana, Florida and many other states now proudly declare on their websites that they separate boys and girls because “research solidly indicates that boys and girls learn differently,”due to “hard-wired”differences in their brains, eyes, ears, autonomic nervous systems, and more.[H] All of these statements can be traced to just a few would-be neuroscientists, especially physician Leonard Sax and therapist Michael Gurian. Each gives lectures, runs conferences, and does a lot of professional development on so-called “gender-specific learning.”I analyzed their various claims about sex differences in hearing, vision, language, math, stress responses, and “learning styles”in my book and along peer-reviewed paper. Other neuroscientists and psychologists have similarly exposed their work. In short, the mechanisms by which our brains learn language, math, physics, and every other subject don’t differ between boys and girls. Of course, learning does vary a lot between individual students, but research reliably shows that this variance is far greater within populations of boys or girls than between the two sexes.[I] The equal protection clause of the U.S. Constitution prohibits separation of students by sex in public education that’s based on precisely this kind of “overbroad generalizations about the different talents, capacities, or preferences of males and females.” And the reason it is prohibited is because it leads far too easily to stereotyping and sex discrimination.Social Developmental Psychology[J] That brings me to the third area of research which fails to support single-sex schooling and indeed suggests the practice is actually harmful: social-developmental psychology.[K] It’s a well-proven finding in social psychology that segregation promotes stereotyping and prejudice, whereas intergroup contact reduces them—and the results are the same whether you divide groups by race, age, gender, body mass index, sexual orientation, or any other category. What’s more, children are especially vulnerable to this kind of bias, because they are dependent on adults for learning which social categories are important and why we divide people into different groups.[L] You don’t have to look far to find evidence of stereotyping and sex discrimination in single-sex schools. There was the failed single-sex experiment in California, where six school districts used generous state grants to set up separate boys’ and girls’ academies in the late 1990s. Once boys and girls were segregated, teachers resorted to traditional gender stereotypes to run their classes, and within just three years, five of the six districts had gone back to coeducation. [M] At the same time, researchers are increasingly discovering benefits of gender interaction in youth. A large British study found that children with other-sex older siblings(兄弟姐妹) exhibit less stereotypical play than children with same-sex older siblings, such as girls who like sports and building toys and boys who like art and dramatic play. Another study of high school social networks found less bullying and aggression the higher the density of mixed-sex friendships within a given adolescent network. Then there is the finding we cited in our Science paper of higher divorce and depression rates among a large group of British men who attended single-sex schools as teenagers, which might be explained by the lack of opportunity to learn about relationships during their formative years.[N] Whether in nursery school, high school, or the business world, gender segregation narrows our perceptions of each other, facilitating stereotyping and sexist attitudes. It’s very simple: the more we structure children and adolescents’ environment around gender distinctions and separation, the more they will use these categories as the primary basis for understanding themselves and others. [O] Gender is an important issue in education. There are gaps in reading, writing, and science achievement that should be narrower. There are gaps in career choice that should be narrower—if we really want to maximize human potential and American economic growth. But stereotyping boys and girls and separating them in the name of fictitious(虚构的) brain differences is never going to close these gaps.46. Hundreds of schools separate boys from girls in class on the alleged brain and cognitive differences.47. A review of extensive educational research shows no obvious academic advantage of single-sex schooling.48. The author did not have any fixed ideas on single-sex education when she began her research on the subject49. Research found men who attended single-sex schools in their teens were more likely to sufferfrom depression.50. Studies in social psychology have shown segregation in school education has a negative impact on children.51. Reviews of research indicate there are more differences in brain and cognitive development within the same sex than between different sexes.52. The findings of the national survey of college freshmen about the impact of single-sex schooling fail to take into account student and school attributes.53. It wasn’t long before most of the school districts that experimented with single-sex education abandoned the practice.54. Boys from coeducational classes demonstrate greater cognitive abilities according to the economists’ research.55. As careful research reviews show, academic excellence in some single-sex schools is attributed to other factors than single-sex education.Section CInternational governments’ inaction concerning sustainable development is clearly worrying but the proactive(主动出击的) approaches of some leading-edge companies are encouraging. Toyota, Wal-Mart, DuPont, M&S and General Electric have made tackling environmental wastes a key economic driver.DuPont committed itself to a 65% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions in the 10 years prior to 2010. By 2007, DuPont was saving $2.2 billion a year through energy efficiency, the same as its total declared profits that year. General Electric aims to reduce the energy intensity of its operations by 50% by 2015. They have invested heavily in projects designed to change the way of using and conserving energy.Companies like Toyota and Wal-Mart are not committing to environmental goals out of the goodness of their hearts. The reason for their actions is a simple yet powerful realization that the environmental and economic footprints fit well together. When M&S launched its “Plan A”sustainability program in 2007, it was believed that it would cost over £200 million in the first five years. However, the initiative had generated £105 million by 2011/12.When we prevent physical waste, increase energy efficiency or improve resource productivity, we save money, improve profitability and enhance competitiveness. In fact, there are often huge “quick win” opportunities, thanks to years of neglect.However, there is a considerable gap between leading-edge companies and the rest of the pack. There are far too many companies still delaying creating a lean and green business system, arguing that it will cost money or require sizable capital investments. They remain stuck in the “environment is cost” mentality. Being environmentally friendly does not have to cost money. In fact, going beyond compliance saves cost at the same time that it generates cash, provided that management adopts the new lean and green model.Lean means doing more with less. Nonetheless, in most companies, economic and environmental continuous improvement is viewed as being in conflict with each other. This is one of the biggest opportunities missed across most industries. The size of the opportunity is enormous. The 3% Report recently published by World Wildlife Fund and CDP shows that the economic prize for curbing carbon emissions in the US economy is $780 billion between now and 2020. It suggests that one of the biggest levers for delivering this opportunity is “increased efficiencythrough management and behavioral change”—in other words, lean and green management.Some 50 studies show that companies that commit to such aspirational goals as zero waste, zero harmful emissions, and zero use of non-renewable resources are financially outperforming their competitors. Conversely, it was found that climate disruption is already costing $1.2 trillion annually, cutting global GDP by 1.6%. Unaddressed, this will double by 2030.56. What does the author say about some leading-edge companies?A. They operate in accordance with government policies.B. They take initiatives in handling environmental wastes.C. They are key drivers in their nations’ economic growth.D. They are major contributors to environmental problems.57. What motivates Toyota and Wal-Mart to make commitments to environmental protection?A. The goodness of their hearts.B. A strong sense of responsibility.C. The desire to generate profits.D. Pressure from environmentalists.58. Why are so many companies reluctant to create an environment-friendly business system?A. They are bent on making quick money.B. They do not have the capital for the investment.C. They believe building such a system is too costly.D. They lack the incentive to change business practices.59. What is said about the lean and green model of business?A. It helps businesses to save and gain at the same time.B. It is affordable only for a few leading-edge companies.C. It is likely to start a new round of intense competition.D. It will take a long time for all companies to embrace it.60. What is the finding of the studies about companies committed to environmental goals?A. They have greatly enhanced their sense of social responsibility.B. They do much better than their counterparts in terms of revenues.C. They have abandoned all the outdated equipment and technology.D. They make greater contributions to human progress than their rivals.Passage TwoIf you asked me to describe the rising philosophy of the day, I’d say it is data-ism. We now have the ability to gather huge amounts of data. This ability seems to carry with it certain cultural assumptions—that everything that can be measured should be measured; that data is a transparent and reliable lens that allows us to filter out emotionalism and ideology; that data will help us do remarkable things— like foretell the future.Over the next year, I’m hoping to get a better grip on some of the questions raised by the data revolution: In what situations should we rely on intuitive pattern recognition and in which situations should we ignore intuition and follow the data? What kinds of events are predictable using statistical analysis and what sorts of events are not?I confess I enter this in a skeptical frame of mind, believing that we tend to get carried away in our desire to reduce everything to the quantifiable. But at the outset let me celebrate two things data does really well.First, it’s really good at exposing when our intuitive view of reality is wrong. For example, nearly every person who runs for political office has an intuitive sense that they can powerfullyinfluence their odds of winning the election if they can just raise and spend more money. But this is largely wrong.After the 2006 election, Sean Trende constructed a graph comparing the incumbent(在任者的) campaign spending advantages with their eventual margins of victory. There was barely any relationship between more spending and a bigger victory. Likewise, many teachers have an intuitive sense that different students have different learning styles: some are verbal and some are visual; some are linear, some are holistic(整体的). Teachers imagine they will improve outcomes if they tailor their presentations to each student. But there’s no evidence to support this either.Second, data can illuminate patterns of behavior we haven’t yet noticed. For example, I’ve always assumed people who frequently use words like “I,”“me,” and “mine” are probably more self-centered than people who don’t. But as James Pennebaker of the University of Texas notes in his book, The Secret Life of Pronouns, when people are feeling confident, they are focused on the task at hand, not on themselves. High-status, confident people use fewer “I” words, not more.Our brains often don’t notice subtle verbal patterns, but Pennebaker’s computers can. Younger writers use more negative and past-tense words than older writers who use more positive and future-tense words.In sum, the data revolution is giving us wonderful ways to understand the present and the past. Will it transform our ability to predict and make decisions about the future? We’ll see.61. What do data-ists assume they can do?A. Transform people’s cultural identity.B. Change the way future events unfold.C. Get a firm grip on the most important issues.D. Eliminate emotional and ideological bias.62. What do people running for political office think they can do?A. Use data analysis to predict the election result.B. Win the election if they can raise enough funds.C. Manipulate public opinion with favorable data.D. Increase the chances of winning by foul means.63. Why do many teachers favor the idea of tailoring their presentations to different students?A. They think students prefer flexible teaching methods.B. They will be able to try different approaches.C. They believe students’ learning styles vary.D. They can accommodate students with special needs.64. What does James Pennebaker reveal in The Secret Life of Pronouns?A. The importance of using pronouns properly.B. Repeated use of first-person pronouns by self-centered people.C. Frequent use of pronouns and future tense by young people.D. A pattern in confident people’s use of pronouns.65. Why is the author skeptical of the data revolution?A. Data may not be easily accessible.B. Errors may occur with large data samples.C. Data cannot always do what we imagine it can.D. Some data may turn out to be outdated.Part IV Translation中国将努力确保到2015年就业者接受过平均13.3年的教育。

2014.12.CET4 Translation--2大熊猫（giant panda）是一种温顺的动物，长着特殊的黑白皮毛。

因其数量极少，大熊猫已被列为濒危物种。

大熊猫对于世界自然基金会（WWF）有着特殊意义。

自1961年该基金会成立以来，大熊猫就一直是它的徽标。

大熊猫是熊科中最稀有的成员，主要生活在中国西南部的森林里。

目前，世界上大约有1000只大熊猫。

这些以竹为食的动物正面临许多威胁。

因此，确保大熊猫的生存比以往更重要。

参考译文：The giant panda is a peaceful creature with a distinctive black and white coat. Because of its extremely small population, it has been listed as an endangered species. The giant panda has a special significance for WWF. It has been WWF’s logo since its founding in 1961.As the rarest member of the bear family, giant pandas live mainly in the forests of Southwest China. Nowadays,list in the animal who will be die all. So they have special mean to the WWF. Since 1961 the WWF has bee builded. The giant panda is it single all the time. Giant panda also most valum mumber of the bear class animal. They live in the fortest of south- north of China. Now, there are almost have 1000 giant panda over the world. These animals who eat green leaves is facing to many dangerous. For this reason, it is more important to make sure the giant panda’s safty than ago.2014.12 CET4 Translation-1越来越多的中国年轻人正对旅游产生兴趣，这是近年来的新趋势。

2014年12月四级翻译真题评析作者：宋逸轩来源：《新东方英语》2015年第04期2014年12月20日，四、六级考试落下帷幕。

作为国内大学生的标准化英语测试，四、六级考试多年来一直沿袭稳中求变的出题原则。

在听力、阅读、翻译、写作四项考核中，翻译部分因考生平时所见不多，训练也少，且不能靠“蒙”来解决问题，因此让很多考生望而生畏。

诚然，改革后的四、六级翻译从之前的句子翻译变成了现在的段落翻译，难度确实有所增加，但也并非无章可循。

“章”从何来？其一，四、六级考试不是专业性的翻译考试，因此翻译试题在难度上走“平民化”路线;其二，在改革以来的三次考试中，四、六级的段落翻译主要考查文化、社会、经济、教育、历史、旅游等话题，考生只要在考前有意识地积累这些话题的常用表达，并在语法和翻译技巧上下一点功夫，在翻译部分拿分并没有太大问题。

下面笔者就来具体评析2014年12月四级考试的翻译真题。

应对方法和技巧运用详析本次四级考试仍延续了“多题多卷”的出题方式，共出现了四道翻译试题。

下面笔者以四级真题为例，与考生分享一些应对四级翻译考试的方法和技巧，希望对考生有所帮助。

1. 积累常考话题中的常用表达汉英翻译中涉及的每一类话题都有一些固定表达，包括词汇、短语和句型。

这些表达大都是约定俗成的。

积累这些常用表达是考生应对翻译考试的第一关，也是必备的基础。

从词汇方面来看，此次四级考试翻译部分出现的相关词汇都比较常见，难度并不大。

比如第一道题目中的“趋势（trend）”“游客（tourist）”“探索（explore）”“背包旅行（backpacking）”等，第二道题目中的“论坛（forum）”“博客（blog）”“聊天室（chat room）”等，第三道题目中的“假日经济（holiday economy）”“消费者（consumer）”“需求（demand）”等，第四道题目中的“大熊猫（giant panda）”“森林（forest）”“竹子（bamboo）”等。

2014年12月英语六级翻译答案及评分标准：经济Part IVTranslationDirections：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes totranslate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.自从1978年启动改革以来，中国已从计划经济转为以市场为基础的经济，经历了经济和社会的快速发展。

平均10%的GDP增长已使五亿多人脱贫。

联合国的“千年(millennium)发展目标”在中国均已达到或即将达到。

目前，中国的第十二个五年规划强调发展服务业和解决环境及社会不平衡的问题。

政府已设定目标减少污染，提高能源效率，改善得到和医保的机会，并扩大社会保障。

中国现在7%的经济年增长目标表明政府是在重视生活质量而不是增长速度。

【答案】Since the reform in 1978, China has developed to amarket-based economy from the planned economy and experienced rapid economic and social development. The average of 10 percent of GDP growth has helped over five hundred million people out of poverty. The United Nations “millennium development goals” have already reached or are about to reach in China. At present, China's Twelfth Five-Year Plan emphasizes the development of services and solutions to environmental and social imbalances. The Government has set a target to reduce pollution, improve energy efficiency and improve the access to education and medical insurance, and extend social support network. The current 7% annual economic growth target of China demonstrates that the government values the quality of life rather than the rate of growth.[]附：翻译评分标准本题满分为15分，成绩分为六个档次：13-15分、10-12分、7-9分、4-6分、1-3分和0分。

This picture vividly show a particularly common phenomenon that more and more college students who have low diplomas cannot find the satis fying jobs. That is to say , they have great trouble in finding fairly satis factory jobs.Here are some reasons why some university students with lower deg rees have difficulty in getting good jobs. On one hand, more and more students are enrolled by the universities and colleges year after year, and the number is still getting larger and larger. On the other hand, quite a few employers believe that the higher degree the students have, the mo re competent they will become , so the companies try to recruit some hi gh quality workers with higher diplomas.In a word, education plays a significant role in acquiring a good jo b, however , just as the saying goes, don‟t judge a book only by its co ver, so it is not wise to interview a student by his educational backgrou nd. In my opinion, we should not only put a great emphasis on the hig her diplomas , but also try our utmost to raise our comprehensive abiliti es to a higher level, only in this way can we find ourselves highly-paid jobs.这幅图画形象生动地描绘了一种特别常见的现象，那就是越来越多的低学历毕业生找不到满意的工作。

2014年12月英语四级翻译真题及译文Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese to English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.真题一：越来越多的中国年轻人正对旅游产生兴趣，这是近年来的新趋势。

年轻游客数量的不断增加，可以归因于他们迅速提高的收入和探索外部世界的好奇心。

随着旅行多了，年轻人在大城市和著名景点花的时间少了，他们反而更为偏远的地方所吸引。

有些人甚至选择长途背包旅行。

最近调查显示，很多年轻人想要通过旅行体验不同的文化、丰富知识、拓宽视野。

More and more Chinese young people are getting interested in traveling, which is a new trend recently. The increasing number of young travelers can be attributed to the rapid growth of income and the curiosity to explore the outside world. With more travel, youngsters spend more time in remote areas rather than big cities and famous resorts. Furthermore, some of them would choose backpacking. Recent survey showed that many young people want to experience different culture, enlarge knowledge, and broader their horizon through traveling.中国的互联网社区是全世界发展最快的。

2014年12月CET6真题翻译1：反应在艺术和文学中的乡村生活理想是中国文明的重要特征。

这在很大程度上归功于道家对自然的感情。

传统中国画有两个最受青睐的主题，一是家庭生活的各种幸福场景，画中往往有老人在下棋饮茶，男人在耕耘收割，妇女在织布缝衣，小孩在户外玩耍。

另一个则是乡村生活的种种乐趣，画有渔夫在湖上打渔，农夫在山上砍柴采药，或是书生坐在松树下吟诗作画。

这两个主题可以分别代表儒家和道家的生活理想。

参考译文：The ideal rural lifestyle reflected in the art and literature is a great characteristic in Chinese civilization. It is largely attributed to the Taoism affection to nature. There are two most preferred topics in traditional Chinese paintings. One kind depicts various happy scenes of family life in which the elderly play chess and drink tea, young men farm and harvest in the field, women weave or sew clothes and kids play in the outside. The other depicts the recreations of rural life. In these paintings, fishermen fish on the lake, famers hew or collect herbs on the hills and scholars compose poems or paintings under pine trees. These two themes respectively represent the ideal life of Confucianism and Taoism.翻译2：中国将努力确保到2015年就业者接受过平均13.3年的教育。

Short conversations1.Woman: When was the last time you dusted the apartment?Man: When was the last time my mother came over?Question: What does the man imply?2.Woman: Hurry up Mark, there’s a bus coming now。

Man: Why run? There’ll be another one in 2 or 3 minutes。

Question: What does the man mean?3.Man: Laura, it seems that you are up to your neck in work, how come you’ve been so busy?Woman: Ms Smith has asked for a sick leave, and I have to take over her work for a couple of days。

Question: What do we learn about the woman?4.Woman: Washing dishes at the cafeteria every day is really boring。

Man: Why don’t you quit and deliver the flowers with me?Question: What does the man suggest the woman do?5.Woman: Rod, you said you’d take this package to the post office yesterday。

Man: Oh, no, it must have slipped my mind。

2014年12月4级作文与翻译【篇一：2014年12月英语四级听力、作文、翻译答案】 short conversations1.woman: when was the last time you dusted the apartment?man: when was the last time my mother came over?question: what does the man imply?2.woman: hurry up mark, there’s a bus coming now。

man: why run? there’ll be another one in 2 or 3 minutes。

question: what does the man mean?3.man: laura, it seems that you are up to your neck in work,how come you’ve been so busy?woman: ms smith has asked for a sick leave, and i have totake over her work for a couple of days。

question: what do we learn about the woman?4.woman: washing dishes at the cafeteria every day is really boring。

man: why don’t you quit and deliver the flowers with me?question: what does the man suggest the woman do?5.woman: rod, you said you’d take this package to the post officeyesterday。

abandon vt.丢弃；放弃，抛弃 ability n.能力；能耐，本领 abnormal a.不正常的；变态的 aboard ad.在船 (车 )上；上船abroad ad.(在 )国外；到处 absence n.缺席，不在场；缺乏 absent a.不在场的；缺乏的 absolute a.绝对的；纯粹的 absolutelyad.完全地；绝对地 absorbvt.吸收；使专心abstract a.抽象的 n.摘要 abundant a.丰富的；大量的abuse vt.滥用；虐待 n.滥用academic a.学院的；学术的academy n.私立中学；专科院校accelerate vt.(使 )加快；促进 acceleration n.加速；加速度 accent n.口音，腔调；重音acceptable a.可接受的，合意的 acceptance n.接受，验收；承认 access n.接近；通道，入口 accessory n.同谋，从犯；附件 accident n.意外的；事故accidental a.偶然的；非本质的 accommodate vt.容纳；供应，供给 accommodation n.招待设备；预定铺位accompany vt.陪伴，陪同；伴随 accomplish vt.达到( 目的 )；完成 accord vt.使一致；给予 accordance n.一致；和谐；授予accordingly ad. 因此，所以；照着 account n.记述；解释；帐目accumulate vt.积累 vi.堆积 accuracy n.准确 (性) ；准确度accurate a.准确的，正确无误的 accuse vt.指责；归咎于 accustom vt.使习惯accustomed a.惯常的；习惯的 achieve vt.完成，实现；达到 achievement n.完成；成就，成绩acid n.酸；酸的，酸性的acquaintance n.认识；了解；熟人acquireacreact vi. 行动；见效 n.行为 action n.行动；作用；功能 active a.活跃的；积极的 activity n.活动；活力；行动 actress n.女演员actually ad.实际上；竟然acute a.尖的，锐的；敏锐的 adapt vt.使适应；改编add vt.添加，附加，掺加addition n.加，加法；附加物additional a.附加的，追加的 address n.地址；演说；谈吐 adequate a.足够的；可以胜任的 adjective n.形容词 a.形容词的 adjust vt.调整，调节；校正administration n.管理；管理部门 admire vt.钦佩，羡慕，赞赏 admission n.允许进入；承认admit vt.承认；准许⋯进入adopt vt.收养；采用；采取advance vi. 前进；提高 n.进展 advanced a.先进的；高级的advantage n.优点，优势；好处adventureadverb n.副词advertisement n.广告；登广告advisable n.明智的；可取的advisevt.劝告；建议；通知aeroplanen.飞机affair n.事情，事件；事务affect vt.影响；感动affection n.慈爱，爱；爱慕affordvt.担负得起⋯；提供Africana.非洲的n.非洲人agencyn.经办；代理；代理处agent n.代理人，代理商aggressivea.侵略的；好斗的agonyn.极度痛苦agreementn.协定，协议；同意agriculturen.农业，农艺；农学aid n.帮助，救护；助手aircraft n.飞机，飞行器airline n.航空公司；航线airplanen.飞机airport n.机场，航空站alarm n.惊恐，忧虑；警报alcohol n.酒精，乙醇allow vt.允许，准许；任alloyn.合金； (金属的 ) 成色alon a.单独ad.单独地n.宇宙航行员，宇航员vt. 假定；承担；呈现vt.使确信；向⋯保证vt.使惊讶，使吃惊vt.取得；获得；学到n.英亩 (=6.07 亩)n.冒险；惊险活动e 的alphab et n.字母表，字母系统alter vt.改变，变更；改做alternative n. 替换物；取舍，抉择although conj. 尽管，虽然altitude n.高，高度；高处altoget her ad.完全；总而言之aluminiu m n.铝amaze vt.使惊奇，使惊愕ambiti on n.雄心，抱负，野心ambulanc e n.救护车；野战医院amongs t prep 在⋯之中(=among)amount n.总数；数量；和ampere n.安培amplif y vt.放大，增强；扩大amuse vt.逗⋯乐；给⋯娱乐analys e vt.分析，分解，解析analys is n.分析，分解，解析ancestor n.祖宗，祖先anchor n.锚vi. 抛锚，停泊ancient a.古代的，古老的ange l n.天使，神差，安琪儿ange r n.怒，愤怒vt.使发怒angl e n.角，角度angry a.愤怒的，生气的ankle n.踝，踝节部announc e vt.宣布，宣告，发表announce r n.宣告者；播音员annoy vt.使恼怒；打搅annua l a.每年的n.年报anticip ate vt.预料，预期，期望anxiet y n.焦虑，忧虑；渴望anxious a.忧虑的；渴望的anyway ad.无论如何 apart ad.相隔；分开；除去 apartment n.一套公寓房间 apologize vi. 道歉，谢罪，认错 apology n.道歉，认错，谢罪 apparatus n.器械，仪器；器官 apparent a.表面上的；明显的 appeal vi.&n. 呼吁；申述 appear vi. 出现；来到；似乎 appearance n.出现，来到；外观 appetite n.食欲，胃口；欲望 appliance n.用具，器具，器械 applicable a.能应用的；适当的 application n.请求，申请；施用 apply vt.应用，实施，使用 appoint vt.任命，委任；约定 appointment n.任命；约定，约会 appreciate vt.欣赏；领会；感谢 approach vt.向⋯靠近 n.靠近 appropriate a.适当的，恰当的 approval n.赞成，同意；批准 approve vt.赞成，称许；批准approximately ad.近似地，大约 Arabian a.阿拉伯的arbitrary a.随心所欲的；专断的 architecture n.建筑学；建筑式样 argument n.争论，辩论；理由 arise vi. 出现；由⋯引起arithmetic n.算术，四则运算arouse vt.引起，唤起；唤醒arrangement n.整理，排列；安排 arrest vt.逮捕，拘留；阻止arrival n.到达；到来；到达者arrive vi. 到达；来临；达到arrow n.箭；箭状物artificial a.人工的；娇揉造作的 artist n.艺术家，美术家artistic a.艺术的；艺术家的ash n.灰，灰末；骨灰 ashamed a.惭愧 (的 )；羞耻 (的 ) asleepa.睡着的，睡熟的 aspect n.方面；样子，外表 assemble vt.集合，召集；装配 assembly n.集合；集会；装配 assess vt.对 (财产等 )估价 assign vt.指派；分配；指定 assignment n.任务，指定的作业assist vt.援助，帮助；搀扶assistant n.助手，助理；助教associate vi. 交往 n.伙伴，同事 association n.协会，团体；联合assumeassureastonishastronautathlete n.运动员；田径运动员Atlantic a.大西洋的 n.大西洋atmosphere n.大气；空气；气氛atmospheric a.大气的；大气层的atom n.原子；微粒；微量 atomic a.原子的；原子能的 attach vt.缚，系，贴；附加1atta ck vt.&vi.&n.攻击，进攻attain vt.达到，获得，完成attemp t vt.尝试，试图n.企图attend vt.出席；照顾，护理attent ion n.注意，留心；注意力attent ive a.注意的；有礼貌的attitude n.态度，看法；姿势attract vt.吸引；引起，诱惑attracti on n.吸引；吸引力；引力attrac tive a.有吸引力的attribute vt. 把⋯归因于n.属性audien ce n.听众，观众，读者August n.八月aura l a.耳的，听觉的Australia n.澳大利亚Australi an a.澳大利亚的author n.作者，作家author ity n.当局，官方；权力auto n.(口语 )汽车automatic a.自动的；机械的automation n.自动，自动化automobile n.汽车，机动车auxiliary a.辅助的；附属的availa ble a.可利用的；通用的avenue n.林荫道，道路；大街averag e n.平均数 a.平均的aviati on n.航空，航空学avoid vt.避免，躲开；撤消await vt.等候，期待awake a.醒着的vt.唤醒awar d n.奖，奖品；判定aware a.知道的，意识到的awfula.令人不愉快的awfully ad.令人畏惧的；很awkward a.笨拙的；尴尬的ax n.斧子axis n.轴，轴线；中心线bacteria n.细菌badminton n.羽毛球baggage n.行李bake vt.烤，烘，焙；烧硬balancevt.使平衡；称n.天平bandn.乐队；带；波段bang n.巨响，枪声；猛击banner n.旗，旗帜，横幅bar n.酒吧间；条，杆；栅barbern.理发师barea.赤裸的；仅仅的bargain n.交易vi.议价；成交bark n.吠叫声vi. 吠，叫barnn.谷仓；牲口棚barreln.桶；圆筒；枪管barrier n.栅栏，屏障；障碍basica.基本的，基础的basically ad.基本上basin n.盆，洗脸盆；盆地basis n.基础，根据batn.球拍；短棍；蝙蝠bathn.浴，洗澡；浴缸bathe vt.给⋯洗澡；弄湿bathroom n.浴室；盥洗室battery n.电池；一套，一组battle n.战役；斗争vi. 作战bay n.湾；山脉中的凹处B.C. (缩)公元前beach n.海滩，湖滩，河滩beam n.梁；横梁；束，柱beann.豆，蚕豆bearn.熊；粗鲁的人bear vt.容忍；负担；生育beard n.胡须，络腮胡子beast n.兽，野兽；牲畜beatvt.&vi. 打，敲；打败beautiful a.美的，美丽的beef n.牛肉；菜牛begvt.&vi. 乞求；请求beggarn.乞丐，穷人behalf n.利益，维护，支持behavevi. 表现，举止；运转behaviorn.行为，举止，态度being n.存在；生物；生命belief n.信任，相信；信念believevt.相信；认为belln.钟，铃，门铃；钟声belongvi. 属于，附属beloved a.为⋯的爱的n.爱人beltn.带，腰带；皮带；区benchn.长凳，条凳；工作台bendvt.使弯曲vi. 弯曲beneath prep.在⋯下方beneficiala.有利的，有益的benefitn.利益；恩惠；津贴berry n.浆果 (如草莓等 )besideprep.在⋯旁边besidesad.而且 prep.除⋯之外bet vt.&vi.&n.打赌betrayvt.背叛；辜负；泄漏beyond prep.在⋯的那边Bible n.基督教《圣经》bill n.账单；招贴；票据billionnum.万亿(英)bind vt.捆绑；包扎；装钉biology n.生物学；生态学birthd ay n.生日，诞生的日期biscuitn.(英 )饼干；(美 )软饼bite vt.咬，叮，螫；剌穿bitter a.痛苦的；严寒的bitterly ad.苦苦地；悲痛地blade n.刀刃，刀片；叶片blame vt.责备，把⋯归咎于blank a.空白的n.空白blank et n.毛毯，毯子，羊毛毯blast n.爆炸，冲击波vt.炸blaze n.火；闪光vi. 燃烧bleed vi. 出血，流血；泌脂blend vt.&vi.&n. 混和bless vt.为⋯祝福blind a.瞎的；盲目的block n.街区vt.堵塞，拦阻bloom n.花；开花，开花期blosso m n.花，开花vi. 开花blow vi. 吹，吹动；吹响boast vi. 自夸vt.吹嘘bold a.大胆的；冒失的bolt n.螺栓；插销vt.闩门bomb n.BoB!!! vt.轰炸bond n.联结，联系；公债bone n.骨，骨骼bootn.靴子，长统靴boothn.货摊；公用电话亭border n.边，边缘；边界bore vt.使厌烦；钻，挖born a.天生的；出生的bosom n.胸，胸部；内心boss n.老板，上司vt.指挥bothervt.烦扰，迷惑n.麻烦bough n.树枝bouncevi. 反跳，弹起；跳起bounda.一定的；有义务的boundary n.分界线，办界bow n.弓；蝴蝶结；鞠躬bowl n.碗，钵；碗状物boxn.箱，盒；包箱；拳击vi.打拳brain n.脑，脑髓；脑力brake n.闸，刹车vi. 制动branchn.树枝；分部；分科brandn.商品；烙印vt.铭刻brandy n.白兰地酒brassn.黄铜；黄铜器breadthn.宽度，幅度；幅面breathevi.呼吸vt.呼吸breed n.品种vt.使繁殖breezen.微风，和风brick n.砖，砖块；砖状物brief a.简短的；短暂的brighten vt.使发光；使快活brilliant a.光辉的；卓越的brim n.边，边缘；帽沿brisk a.活泼的；清新的bristlen.短而硬的毛；鬃毛Britain n.不列颠，英国Britisha.不列颠的，英联邦的brittle a.脆的；易损坏的broadca n.广播，播音stbrokena.被打碎的，骨折的bronze n.青铜；青铜制品brood n.同窝幼鸟vt.孵 (蛋)brookn.小河，溪流broom n.扫帚brown.额；眉，眉毛brownn.褐色，棕色bruisen.青肿，伤痕；擦伤brushn.刷子，毛刷；画笔bruten.禽兽，畜生bubble n.泡vi. 冒泡，沸腾bucketn.水桶；吊桶；铲斗bud n.芽，萌芽；蓓蕾bulb n.电灯泡；球状物bulk n.物体，容积，大批bulln.公牛；雄的象bulletn.枪弹，子弹，弹丸bunchn.束，球，串；一群bundlen.捆，包，束；包袱burdenn.担子，重担；装载量bureaun.局，司，处；社，所burstvt.使爆裂vi.&n.爆炸bury vt.埋葬，葬；埋藏butcher n.屠夫；屠杀者buttern.黄油；奶油2butterfly n.蝴蝶button n.扣子；按钮vt. 扣紧cabbage n.洋白菜，卷心菜cabin n.小屋；船舱，机舱cabin et n.橱，柜；内阁cable n.缆，索；电缆；电报cafeteria n.自助食堂calcul ate vt.计算；估计；计划calcula tor n.计算器，计算者calend ar n.日历，历书；历法camel n.骆驼camera n.照相机，摄影机camp n.野营，营地，兵营campaig n n.战役；运动campus n.校园，学校场地Canada n.加拿大Canadia n a.加拿大的canal n.运河；沟渠；管cance l vt.取消，撤消；删去cancer n.癌，癌症，肿瘤candidate n.候选人；投考者candl e n.蜡烛；烛形物；烛光candy n.糖果；砂糖结晶canno n n.大炮，火炮；榴弹炮canoe n.独木舟，皮艇，划子cantee n n.小卖部；临时餐室canva s n.粗帆布；一块油画布capabl e a.有能力的，有才能的capaci ty n.容量；能力；能量capital n.资本，资金；首都captain n.陆军上尉；队长capti ve n.俘虏，被监禁的人captur e vt.捕获，俘获；夺得carbo n.碳ncarevi. 关心，介意n.小心career n.生涯，职业，经历careful a.仔细的；细致的carelessa.粗心的，漫不经心的cargo n.船货，货物carpentern.木工，木匠carpet n.地毯，毡毯，毛毯carriagen.客车厢；四轮马车carriern.运输工具；运载工具carrot n.胡罗卜carry vt.携带；运载；传送cart n.二轮运货马车carve vt.刻，雕刻；切开case n.情况；事实；病例case n.箱 (子 )，盒(子) ，套cash n.现金，现款cassetten.盒式录音带；盒子cast vt.投，扔，抛；浇铸castle n.城堡；巨大建筑物casual a.偶然的；随便的catalogn.目录，目录册catch vt.捉住；赶上；领会cathedral n.总教堂；大教堂cattlen.牛；牲口，家畜cause n.原因，理由；事业cave n.山洞，洞穴，窑洞ceasevi.&vi.&n. 停止，停息ceilingn.天花板，顶蓬celebratevt.庆祝；歌颂，赞美celln.细胞；小房间cellarn.地窑，地下室cementn.水泥；胶泥vt.粘结centigradea.百分度的centimetren.公分，厘米central a.中心的；主要的centren.中心；中枢vt.集中centuryn.世纪，百年ceremony n.典礼，仪式；礼节certainly ad.一定，必定；当然certaintyn.必然；肯定certificate n.证书，证件，执照chain n.链，链条，项圈challenge n.挑战；要求，需要chamber n.会议室；房间；腔champion n.冠军，得胜者chance n.机会，机遇；可能性change n.改变，变化；零钱channel n.海峡；渠道；频道chaptern.章，回，篇character n.性格；特性；角色characteristica.特有的n.特性chargevt.索价；控告n.费用charity n.施舍；慈善事业charming a.迷人的，可爱的chart n.图，图表；海图chase n.追逐，追赶，追求cheap a.廉价的；劣质的cheatvt.骗取；哄vi. 行骗checkvt.检查；制止n.检查cheekn.面颊，脸蛋cheervt.使振作；欢呼cheerfula.快乐的，愉快的chees e n.乳酪，干酪chemical a.化学的n.化学制品chemist n.化学家；药剂师chemistry n.化学cheque n.支票cherr y n.樱桃；樱桃树chess n.棋；国际象棋chest n.胸腔，胸膛；箱子chew vt.咀嚼，嚼碎chicken n.小鸡，小鸟；鸡肉chief a.主要的；首席的childhood n.童年，幼年；早期childish a.孩子的；幼稚的chill vt.使变冷 n.寒冷chimney n.烟囱，烟筒；玻璃罩chin n.颏，下巴china n.瓷器，瓷料chocolate n.巧克力；巧克力糖choic e n.选择，抉择choke vt.使窒息；塞满choose vt.选择，挑选；情愿chop vt.砍，劈；切细 vi. 砍Christian n.基督教徒；信徒Christmas n.圣诞节cigarette n.香烟，纸烟，卷烟cinema n.电影院；电影，影片circuit n.电路；环行；巡行circular a.圆的；循环的circul ate vt.使循环vi. 循环circumfere nce n.圆周，周长，圆周线circumstancen.情况，条件；境遇citizen n.公民；市民，居民civila.公民的；文职的civilization n.文明，文化；开化civilize vt. 使文明；教育claim vt.声称，主张；索取clap vi.拍手vt.拍，轻拍clarifyvt.澄清，阐明clasp n.扣子，钩子；别针classical a.古典的；经典的classificationn.分类；分级；分类法classifyvt.把⋯分类classmaten.同班同学classroom n.教室，课堂clawn.爪，脚爪，螯clay n.粘土，泥土；肉体clean a.清洁的；纯洁的cleara.清晰的vt.清除clearly ad.明白地，清晰地clerk n.店员；办事员，职员clever a.聪明的；机敏的cliff n.悬崖，峭壁climate n.气候；风土，地带climbvi. 攀登，爬vt.爬cloak n.斗篷；覆盖 ( 物)closely ad.紧密地，接近地clothe vt.给⋯穿衣服clue n.线索，暗示，提示clumsy a.笨拙的；愚笨的coachn.长途公共汽车coaln.煤，煤块coarsea.粗的，粗糙的coast n.海岸，海滨 (地区 )cock n.公鸡；雄禽；旋塞code n.准则；法典；代码coffeen.咖啡，咖啡茶coil n.(一 )卷；线vt.卷圈coin n.硬币；铸造 (硬币 )collapsevi. 倒坍；崩溃，瓦解collarn.衣领，项圈colleague n.同事，同僚collectvt.收集vi. 收款collectionn.搜集，收集；收藏品collective a.集体的；集合性的collegen.学院；大学collisionn.碰撞；冲突colonel n.陆军上校；中校colony n.殖民地；侨居地color n.颜色，彩色；颜料column n.柱，支柱，圆柱combn.梳子vt.梳理combinationn.结合，联合；化合combine vt.使结合；兼有comfortn.舒适；安慰vt.安慰comfortablea.舒适的，安慰的commandvt.命令，指挥；控制commandern.司令官，指挥员comment n.评论，意见；注释commercen.商业，贸易；社交commerciala.商业的；商品化的commissionn.委任状；委员会commitvt.犯 (错误 ); 干( 坏事 )committee n.委员会；全体委员3common a.普通的；共同的 commonly ad.普通地，一般地communicate vi. 通讯；传达；传播 communicati on n.通讯；传达；交通 communism munist 主义 communis t munistparty 员communit y n.社区；社会；公社companio n n.同伴；共事者；伴侣company n.公司，商号；同伴 comparati ve a.比较的，相对的 compare vt.比较，对照；比作 comparis on n.比较，对照；比似compass n.罗盘，指南针；圆规compel vt.强迫，迫使屈服compete vi.比赛；竞争；对抗 competen t a.有能力的；应该做的 competit ion n.竞争，比赛compile vt.编辑，编制，搜集complain vi. 抱怨，拆苦；控告 complain t n.抱怨；怨言；控告 complete a.完整的；完成的 complete ly ad.十分，完全地 complex a.结合的；复杂的 complica te vt.使复杂；使陷入 complica ted a.复杂的，难懂的 componen t n.组成部分；分；组件compose vt.组成，构成；创作 composit ion n.构成；作品；写作 compound n.化合物；复合词 comprehensi on n.理解；领悟 comprehensi ve a.广泛的；理解的 compress vt.压紧，压缩 comprise vt.包含，包括；构成 compromis e n.妥协，和解compute vt.计算，估计，估算 computer n.计算机，电脑 comrade n.同志，亲密的同伴conceal vt.把 ⋯隐藏起来concentrat e vt.集中；聚集；浓缩concentrat ion n.集中；专注；浓缩concept n.概念，观念，设想 concern n.关心，挂念；关系 concerni ng prep.关于concert n.音乐会，演奏会 conclude vt.推断出；结束 conclusi on n.结论，推论；结尾concrete n.混凝土；具体物condemn vt.谴责，指责；判刑condense vt.压缩，使缩短 conditio n n.状况，状态；环境 conduct n.举止，行为；指导conductor n.售票员； ( 乐队 )指挥conference n.会议，讨论会confess vt.供认，承认；坦白confidence n.信任；信赖；信心confident n.确信的，自信的confine vt.限制；禁闭confirm vt.证实，肯定；批准conflict n .争论；冲突；斗争confuse vt.使混乱，混淆 confusion n.混乱；骚乱；混淆 congratulate vt.祝贺，向 ⋯道喜congratulation n.祝贺；祝贺词 congress n.大会；国会，议会 conjunction n.接合，连接；连接词connect vt.连接，连结；联系 connection n.连接，联系；连贯性 conquer vt.征服，战胜；破除conquest n.攻取，征服；克服 conscience n.良心，道德心 conscious a.意识到的；有意的consciousness n.意识，觉悟；知觉consent n.同意，赞成 vi. 同意 consequence n.结果，后果 consequently ad.因此，因而，所以conservation n.保存，保护；守恒conservative a.保守的 n.保守的人consider vt.认为；考虑；关心 considerable a.相当大的；重要的considerate a.考虑周到的；体谅的consideration n.考虑，思考；体贴 consist vi. 由 ⋯组成；在于consistent a.坚持的，一贯的 constant a.经常的；永恒的 constitution n.章程；体质；构造construct vt.建造；建设；构筑 construction n.建造；建筑；建筑物consult vt.请教，查阅consume vt.消耗，消费；消灭consumption n.消耗量；消耗contact vt.使接触；与 ⋯ 联系contain vt.包含，容纳；等于 contain er n.容器；集装箱 contemporar y a.当代的，同时代的contempt n.轻蔑；藐视；受辱 content n.内容，目录；容量 content a.满意的，满足的 contest vt.争夺，争取；辩驳continent n.大陆；陆地；洲 continual a.不断的；连续的 continue vt.继续，连续；延伸 continuous a.连续不断的，持续的 contractn.契约，合同；婚约contradiction n.矛盾，不一致；否认contrary a.相反的 n.相反contrast n.对比，对照，悬殊contribute vt.捐献，捐助；投稿control vt.控制，克制 n.控制 convenience n.便利，方便；厕所 convenient a.便利的；近便的 convention n.习俗，惯例；公约conventional a.普通的；习惯的 conversation n.会话，非正式会谈 conversely ad.相反地 conversion n.转变，转化；改变 convert vt.使转变；使改变 convey vt.传送；运送；传播 convince vt.使确信，使信服cook vt.烹调，煮vt.烧菜cooperatevi. 合作，协作；配合coordinate vt.使协调，调节copevi. 对付，应付copper n.铜；铜币，铜制器copy n.抄件vt.抄写，复制cord n. 细绳，粗线，索cordial a.真诚的，诚恳的core n.果实的心，核心corn n.谷物； (英 )小麦cornern.角；犄角；边远地区corporationn.公司，企业；社团correct a.正确的vt.纠正correctionn.改正，纠正，修改correspondvi. 相符合；相当correspondentn.通信者；通讯员correspondinga.相应的；符合的corridorn.走廊，回廊，通路cost n.价格，代价；成本costly a.昂贵的；价值高的cottage n.村舍，小屋cotton n.棉；棉线；棉布council n.理事会，委员会countvt.计算vi.数，计数counter n.柜台；计数器countyn.英国的郡，美国的县coursen.课程；过程；一道菜court n.法院，法庭；庭院cousin n.堂(或表 )兄弟( 姐妹 )coward n.懦夫；胆怯者crackn.裂缝，裂纹vi.爆裂craft n.工艺；手艺，行业cranen.起重机，摄影升降机crash vi. 碰撞，n.碰撞坠落crawlvi. 爬，爬行crazy a.疯狂的，荒唐的creamn.奶油，乳脂；奶油色createvt.创造；引起，产生creativea.创造性的，创作的creaturen.生物，动物，家畜credit n.信用贷款；信用creep vi.爬行；缓慢地行进crew n.全体船员cricketn.板球；蟋蟀crime n.罪，罪行；犯罪criminaln.犯人，罪犯，刑事犯cripple n.跛子；残废的人crisis n.危机；存亡之际criticn.批评家，爱挑剔的人critical a.决定性的；批评的criticismn.批评；批判；评论criticizevt.批评；评论；非难cropn.农作物，庄稼；一熟crow n.鸦，乌鸦vi.啼crowd n.群；大众；一伙人crown n.王冠，冕；花冠crude a.简陋的；天然的cruel a.残忍的，残酷的crush vt.压碎，碾碎；镇压crust n.面包皮；硬外皮crystaln.水晶，结晶体；晶粒cube n.立方形；立方cubic a.立方形的；立方的4cucumber n.黄瓜cultivate vt.耕；种植；培养culture n.文化，文明；教养cunning a.狡猾的，狡诈的cupboard n.碗柜，碗碟橱；食橱cure vt.医治；消除n.治愈curiosity n.好奇，好奇心；珍品curious a.好奇的；稀奇古怪的curl n.卷毛；螺旋vi. 卷曲current a.当前的；通用的curse n.诅咒，咒骂；天谴curtain n.帘，窗帘；幕 (布 )curve n.曲线；弯vt.弄弯cushion n.垫子，坐垫，靠垫custom n.习惯，风俗；海关customer n.顾客，主顾cycle n 自行车，循环daily a.每日的n.日报dairy n.牛奶场；乳制品dam n.水坝，水堤；障碍物damage vt.损害，毁坏n.损害damp a.潮湿的，有湿气的dangerous a.危险的，不安全的daring a.大胆的，勇敢的darling n.亲爱的人；宠儿dash vt.使猛撞；溅n.猛冲data n.数据 ; 资料dawn n.黎明；开端 vi. 破晓deadly a.致命的，死一般的deal n.买卖；待遇vt.给予dear a.亲爱的int. 啊death n.死，死亡；灭亡debate n.&vi. 争论，辩论debt n.债，债务，欠债decade n.十年，十年期decay vi. 腐烂；衰败n.腐烂deceitn.欺骗，欺诈deceive vt.欺骗，蒙蔽，行骗December n.十二月decent a.正派的；体面的decide vt.决定，决心；解决decision n.决定，决心；果断deck n.甲板；舱面；层面declare vt.断言；声明；表明decorate vt.装饰，装璜，修饰decrease vi.&n. 减少，减少deduce vt.演绎，推论，推断deed n.行为；功绩；契约deepen vt.加深 vi. 深化defeat vt.战胜，击败；挫败defect n.缺点，缺陷，欠缺defence n.防御；防务；辩护defendvt.保卫，防守define vt.给⋯下定义；限定definite a.明确的；肯定的definitely ad.一定地，明确地definition n.定义，释义；定界degree n.程度；度；学位delayvt.推迟；耽搁；延误delete vi. 删除vt. 删除；擦掉delegation n.代表团delicate a.纤细的；易碎的delicious a.美味的，怡人的delight n.快乐 vt.使高兴 deliver vt.投递，送交；发表 delivery n.投递；交付；分娩 demandvt.要求；需要；询问democracy n.民主，民主制 democratic a.民主的，民主政体的 demonstratevt.说明；论证；表露dense a.密集的；浓厚的density n.密集，稠密；密度 deny vt.否定；拒绝相信depart vi. 离开，起程；出发 department n.部，司，局，处，系departure n.离开，出发，起程dependvi. 依靠，依赖；相信dependent a.依靠的，依赖的depositvt.使沉淀；存放depressvt.使沮丧；按下depth n.深度；深厚；深处derivevt.取得vi. 起源descendvi. 下来，下降；下倾describevt.形容；描写，描绘description n.描写，形容；种类desertn.沙漠vt.离弃；擅离deservevt.应受，值得designvt.设计n.设计；图样desirablea.值得相望的；可取的desire vt.相望；要求n.愿望despairn.绝望vi. 绝望desperate a.拼死的；绝望的despisevt.鄙视，蔑视despiteprep.不管，不顾destinationn.目的地，终点；目标destroy vt.破坏；消灭；打破destruction n.破坏，毁灭，消灭detail n.细节；枝节；零件detect vt.察觉，发觉；侦察detect n.察觉，发觉；侦察iondetermination n.决心；决定；确定 determin e vt.决定；查明；决心 develo p vt.发展；形成；开发developme nt n.发展；开发；生长 devic e n.器械，装置；设计 devil n.魔鬼，恶魔 devis e vt.设计，发明devote vt.将⋯ 奉献，致力于dew n.露，露水 diagra m n.图解，图表，简图dial n.钟面；拨号盘 vt.拨 diale ct n.方言，土语，地方话 dialo g n.对话，对白 diamet er n.直径 diamon d n.金钢石，钻石；菱形diary n.日记，日记簿 dictate vt.&vi. 口授；命令 dictat ion n.口授笔录，听写 dictionar y n.词典，字典diffe r vi. 不同，相异 differenc e n.差别；差；分歧 differ ent a.差异的；各种的 difficult a.困难的；难对付的 diffic ulty a.困难；难事；困境diges t vt.消化；领会 n.文摘digit al a.数字的，计数的 diligen t a.勤勉的，勤奋的dim a.昏暗的；朦胧的dimension n.尺寸，尺度；面积 dinner n.正餐，主餐；宴会dip vt.浸，蘸 vi. 浸一浸 direc t a.直接的；直率的 directi on n.方向，方位；指导 directl y ad.直接地；立即directo r n.指导者；理事；导演dirt n.尘，土；污物，污垢 dirty a.脏的；下流的disable vt.使无能，使伤残 disadvant age n.不利，不利地位 disagre e vi. 有分歧；不一致 disappe ar vi. 不见，失踪；消失disappoin t vt.使失望，使受挫折 disaste r n.灾难，灾祸；天灾disk n.圆盘，唱片；磁盘discard vt.丢弃，抛弃，遗弃 dischar ge vt.释放；排出 n.释放 discipl ine n.纪律；训练 vt.训练 disclos e vt.揭开，揭发；透露 discourag e vt.使泄气，使灰心 discove r vt.发现；暴露，显示 discove ry n.发现；被发现的事物discuss vt.讨论，谈论；论述disease n.病，疾病；病害 disguis e vi. 隐瞒，掩埋 n.假装 disgust n.厌恶，憎恶dish n.碟，盘子；菜肴 dishono ur n.不光彩；丢脸的人 dismiss vt.不再考虑；解雇 disorde n.混乱，杂乱；骚乱rdisplay vt.陈列，展览；显示 disposa l n.丢掉，处理，销毁dispose vi. 去掉，丢掉；销毁displea se vt.使不愉快，使生气dispute vi. 争论，争执 n.争论 dissati sfy vi. 使不满，使不平 dissolv e vt.使溶解；解散 distanc e n.距离，间距；远处 distant a.在远处的，疏远的 distinc t a.与其他不同的 distinc tion n.差别，不同，区分distingui sh vt.区别，辨别，认别 distres s n.忧虑，悲伤；不幸 distrib ute vt.分发，分送；分布distribut ion n.分发，分配；分布 distr ict n.区；地区，区域 disturb vt.打扰，扰乱；弄乱ditch n.沟，沟渠，渠道dive vi. 跳水；潜水；俯冲diverse a.不一样的，相异的 divid e vt.分；分配；分开 divisio n n.分，分配；除法divorce n.离婚，离异 vi.离婚dock n.船坞；码头；船厂 domesti c a.本国的；家庭的 donkey n.驴；笨蛋dorm n.宿舍 dormito ry n.集体寝室；宿舍dose n.剂量，用量；一剂5dot n.点，圆点vt.打点于doub t n.怀疑；疑虑vt.怀疑doubt ful a.难以预测的；怀疑的doubtless ad.无疑地；很可能downward a.向下的ad.向下地doze n n.一打，十二个draft n.草稿；汇票 vt.起草drag vt.拖，拉；拖曳dragon n.龙；凶暴的人drai n vt.排去；放水n.耗竭drama n.一出戏剧，剧本dramatic a.引人注目的，戏剧的draw vt.画，划；拖；拨出drawe r n.抽屉drawing n.图画，素描；绘图dread n.畏惧； KB vt.惧怕dream n.梦；梦想vi. 做梦dress n.女服，童装；服装drif t vi. 漂流，漂泊n.漂流drill n.钻头；操练vi. 钻孔drink vt.饮vi.喝n.饮料drip vi. 滴下；漏水n.水滴drop vt.使落下；降低droug ht n.旱灾，干旱drow n vi. 淹死，溺死drug n.药，药物，药材drum n.鼓；鼓状物，圆桶drun k a.醉的；陶醉的dry a.干的，干燥的due a.预期的；应给的dull a.枯燥的；不鲜明的dumb a.哑的；无言的dump vt.倾卸，倾倒；倾销durab a.耐久的，耐用的ledurationn.持续，持久duringprep.在⋯期间dwellingn.住处，寓所dyevt.染n.染料；染色dying a.垂死的；临终的dynamica.有活力的；动力的eachpron. 各，各自 a.各eager a.渴望的，热切的eagle n.鹰ear n.耳朵；听力，听觉early ad.早a.早的，早期的earn vt.赚得，挣得；获得earnest a.认真的，诚恳的earthquake n.地震；大震荡ease n.容易，舒适 vt.缓和easily ad.容易地；舒适的eastern a.东方的；朝东的echo n.回声，反响vi. 重复economica.经济的，经济学的economicala.节约的；经济学的economyn.经济；节约，节省edge n.边缘，边；刀口edition n.版，版本，版次editorn.编辑，编者，校订者educatevt.教育；培养；训练educationn.教育；训导；教育学effect n.结果；效果，效力effectivea.有效的；有影响的efficiencyn.效率；功效，效能efficient a.效率高的，有能力的 effort n.努力；努力的成果elaborate a.复杂的；精心制作的elastic n.松紧带 a.有弹性的 elbow n.肘，肘部；弯管 elect vt.选举，推选；选择election n.选举，选择权；当选 electrica.电的，电动的electrical a.电的，电气科学的electricity n.电，电学；电流 electron n.电子electronic a.电子的electronics n.电子学element n.成分；要素；元素elementary a.基本的；初级的elephant n.象elevator n.电梯；升降机eliminatevt.消灭，消除，排除eliminationn.消灭，排除，消除else ad.其它，另外a.别的elsewhere ad.在别处，向别处embarrassvt.使窘迫，使为难embracevt.拥抱；包括；包围emerge vi. 出现，涌现；冒出 emergency n.紧急情况，突然事件emitvt.散发；发射；发表emotionala.感情的，情绪的emperor n.皇帝emphasis n.强调，重点，重要性emphasize vt.强调，着重empire n.帝国employvi. 雇用；用；使忙于employee n.受雇者，雇员，雇工employer n.雇佣者，雇主employment n.工业；雇用；使用enclosevt.围住，圈起；附上encountervt. 遭遇，遇到n.遭遇encourage vt.鼓励，支持，助长 endure vt.忍受；容忍enemy n.敌人；仇敌；敌兵energy n.活力；精力；能enforce vt.实施，执行；强制 engage vt.使从事于；聘用 engine n.发动机，引擎；机车 engineer n.工程师，技师 engineering n.工程，工程学 enlarge vt.扩大，扩展；放大 enormous a.巨大的，庞大的 ensure vt.保证；保护；赋予 entertainvt.使欢乐；招待enthusiasm n.热情，热心，热忱 enthusiastic a.热情的，热心的entire a.全部的，整个的entitle v t.给⋯权利 (或资格 ) entrance n.入口，门口；进入entry n.入口处；登记；进入envelope n.信封；封套；封皮 environment n.环境，外界；围绕 envy vt.&n. 妒忌；羡慕 equal a.相等的；平等的equality n.等同，平等；相等equation n.方程 ( 式)；等式equip vt.装备，配备equipmentn.装备，设备，配备equivalent a.相等的；等量的eran.时代，年代；纪元erectvt.建造；使竖立errorn.错误，谬误；差错escapevi. 逃跑；逸出n.逃跑especiallyad.特别，尤其，格外essay n.短文，散文，小品文essentiala.必要的，本质的establishvt.建立，设立；确立establishmentn.建立，设立，确立estimate vt.估计，评价n.估计European a.欧洲的n.欧洲人evaluate vt.评价，估⋯的价evaporatevt.使蒸发vi.蒸发even.前夜，前夕，前一刻evenad.甚至；甚至更，还evena.均匀的；平的eventn.事件，大事；事变eventuallyad.终于；最后everad.在任何时候；曾经evidence n.根据；证据，证人evidenta.明显的，明白的evil n.邪恶；祸害 a.坏的evolution n.进化，演化；发展evolvevt.使进化；使发展exactly ad.确切地；恰恰正是exaggeratevt.&vi. 夸大，夸张examinationn.考试；检查，细查examinevt.检查，仔细观察example n.例子，实例；模范exceed vt.超过，胜过；超出exceedingly ad.极端地，非常excellenta.优秀的，杰出的exceptprep.除⋯之外exception n.例外，除外excessn.超越；过量；过度excessivea.过多的，极度的exchangevt.交换；交流n.交换excitevt.使激动；引起excitinga.令人兴奋的exclaimvi. 呼喊；惊叫exclude vt.把⋯排除在外exclusivelyad.专门地excursion n.远足；短途旅行excusevt.原谅；免除n.借口execute vt.将⋯处死；实施executive a.执行的n.执行者exercisen.锻炼，训练vi. 练习exert vt.尽(力 )，运用exhaust vt.使筋疲力尽；用尽exhibit vt.显示；陈列，展览exhibitionn.展览，陈列；展览会existvi. 存在；生存，生活existence n.存在，实在；生存exit n.出口；退场vi.退出expandvt.扩大；使膨胀expansionn.扩大，扩充；扩张expectvt.预料，预期；等待expectationn.期待，期望，预期expense n.花费，消费；费用expensivea.昂贵的，花钱多的experiencen.经验，感受；经历。

作文一：校园活动Directions: From this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay about a camp activity that has benefited you most. You should state the reasons and write at least 120 words but more than 180 words。

As a college student, it is full of meaning to participate in various camps which are beneficial for us. Among the camps I involved before, the English Summer camp held by our university with a small group of Chinese college students as well as some friends from English Spoken countries made me the most impressive。

There are two factors for my belief. For one thing, I expanded my scope of knowledge for the lecture made by a professor of the Harvard University. Though I have been learning English for almost ten years, getting knowledge from foreign teachers can still be something inspiring. I really want to know about current English countries’ culture, such as education, economy, politics and so on. In this way I could know more about the world and it would help me make right decisions when I graduate from university whether going abroad for further study or not. And it would also help me understand more about our own country. The second reason for me is that the activities also changed me a lot, including English corner, English drama play, interesting knowledge competition and the like. Undisputedly, all these activities can not only help us learn more skills but improve our English。

2014年12⽉四级听⼒原⽂+全⽂翻译2014年12⽉四级听⼒原⽂第⼀套Conversation OneW: Hi, Eric! How is your weekend?嗨，埃⾥克！你周末过得怎么样？M: Great! I met Maria’s parents and we told them we want to be engaged.男：伟⼤！我遇见了玛丽亚的⽗母，我们告诉他们我们想订婚。

W: Eric, that’s wonderful. Congratulations!⼥：埃⾥克，太棒了。

祝贺你!M: Thanks, Alice. I really like her parents, too. They are very nice. Mrs. Comona speaks four languages and Mr. Comona is a diplomat. In fact, he gave us a speech at the law school on Saturday morning.男：谢谢，爱丽丝。

我也很喜欢她的⽗母。

他们很好。

Comona太太会说四种语⾔，Comona 先⽣是⼀位外交官。

事实上，他星期六早上在法学院给我们做了演讲。

W: Oh, that was Maria’s father? I heard his speech.哦，那是玛丽亚的⽗亲？我听到他的演讲。

M: You did?男：你呢？W: Well, I heard part of it and listened to it for ten minutes, and then I fell asleep. I thought that was in class. Anyway, tell me about your weekend.⼥：嗯，我听到⼀部分，听了⼗分钟，然后我睡着了。

我以为那是在课堂上。

⽆论如何，告诉我你的周末。

2014年12月大学英语四六级考试翻译(10套)【第1套】2013年，中国遭遇了52年来最严重的空气污染。

有些城市一度取消航班，学校停课，车辆禁行。

北京长期受恶劣的空气困扰，已是众所周知。

但一些过去空气比较干净的城市，如上海和哈尔滨，现在也进入空气严重污染城市之列。

几十年来放任经济发展破坏了环境，公众对此深为震惊。

为了治理空气污染，中国政府计划在2013年到2017年间投入1.75万亿(trillion)人民币。

Severely vessel/vehicle contaminateBe put on the list of severely air polluted cities【参考答案】In 2013, China suffered the worst air pollution in 52 years. In some cities, for a time, flights were cancelled/called off, schools closed and vehicles pulled from the roads. While it is well-known to all that Beijing has long been troubled by terrible air, a number of traditionally clearer cities, including Shanghai and Harbin, have joined the list of cities affected with seriously polluted air. The public was greatly shocked/taken aback/startled by the environmental damage brought/caused by decades of unchecked/uncontrolled economic development. To clean up air pollution, the Chinese government will invest 1.75 trillion yuan between 2013 and 2017.In order to address/tackle/solve/cope with/handle the issue of air contamination,【第2套】几千年来，中国人一直把尊老爱幼作为一种社会责任和行为规范（behavioral norm）。

2014年12月四级汉译英真题解析2014年12月四级考试汉译英段落涉及互联网、大熊猫、旅游等话题，内容和词汇的难度都适中，翻译时考生需要注意采用正确的翻译技巧，灵活连接汉语分句，正确处理重复信息，适度采用亮点句型，斩获四级汉译英高分。

1. 汉语分句的连接汉语的复句往往由多个分句构成，分句之间仅用逗号隔开。

英语注重形合，意义关联的句子需要通过从句、非谓语结构等方式紧密连接起来。

汉译英可采用从句来连接分句，也可用-ing分词等非谓语动词来连接。

此外，将汉语中的分句转变为名词短语或介词短语也是常用的连接分句的方法。

例1：美国网民更多的是受实际需要的驱使，用互联网为工具发电子邮件、买卖商品、规划旅程或付款。

译文：American netizens are more often driven by practical needs, resorting to the internet to send e-mails, buy and sell goods, plan trips or pay for bills.点评：本句由两个分句构成，后面的分句起到了补充说明的作用，在英语中可以采用-ing分词结构来翻译。

例2：中国网民更多是出于社交原因使用互联网，因而更广泛地使用QQ、聊天室等。

译文1：Chinese netizens go online for social purposes, using the social media such as QQ and chat-rooms.译文2：Chinese netizens use the internet for social purposes, with the wider use of the social media such as QQ and chat-rooms.点评：本句由两个分句构成，后面的分句是前面的结果，也可以视为是具体说明部分，同样可以采用-ing分词结构来翻译，如译文1做示。