专业英语缩略词汇总

现代语言学术语总结Aabbreviation缩写法acculturation语言文化移入acoustic phonetics声学语言学acronym词首字母缩略词address term称谓语addresser发话人addressee受话人adjacency毗邻Adjacency Condition毗邻条件Adjacency Parameter毗邻参数Affix词缀Affixation加词缀法Affricate塞擦音Afroasiatic非亚语系agreement rule一致关系规则allophone音位变体alveolar齿龈音alveolus齿龈angular gyrus角形脑回antonymy反义现象antonym反以词apocope词尾音脱落aphasia失语症aphasic失语症患者applied linguistics应用语言学arbitrariness任意性argument论元articulatory phonetics发音语音学articulatory variable发音变项aspiration送气assimilation同化approximation近似化auditory phonetics听觉语音学Austronesian…语系BBabbling咿呀学语back-formation逆向构词法back vowel后元音Behaviorism行为主义Behaviorist learning theory行为主义学习理论Behaviorist Psychology行为主义心理学Bilabial双唇音Bilingualism双语现象Black English黑人英语Blending混合法Borrowing借用bound morpheme黏着语素brain lateralization大脑左右半球侧化branching node分叉点broad transcription宽式音标Broca’s area布罗卡区Ccaretaker speech保姆语case格Case Condition格条件case marking格标志causative verb使役动词central vowel中元音cerebral cortex大脑皮层cerebral plasticity大脑弹性channel渠道classical language古典语言clipping略写法closed class word封闭类词code代码code-switching代码切换cognate同源词co-hyponyms并列下义词coinage创新词color word色彩词combinational rule组合规则commissives承诺类communicative competence交际能力comparative reconstruction比较重建法competence语言能力complement补语complement construction补足语complementarity互补性反义现象complementary distribution互补分布complex sentence复合句componential analysis成分分析法components of meaning意义成分compound word复合词compounding复合法computational linguistics计算语言学conceptualist view意念观consonant辅音constituent成分constituent structure成分结构constraint制约construction结构content word实词context语境;上下文contextualism语境论Contrastive Analysis对比分析法conversational implicature会话含义co-operative principle合作原则coordinate sentence并列句creativity创造性critical period关键期;临界期cultural transmission文化传播Ddeclaration宣告类deep structure深层结构dental齿音derivation派生法derivational morpheme派生语素derivative派生词descriptive linguistics描写语言学design feature识别特征determiner限定词diachronic linguistics历时语言学diacritics变音符号dialect方言dialectal synonym方言同义词dichotic listening test两耳分听测试diglossia双言现象diphthong复合元音Directionalilty Parameter方位参数Directives指令类Displacement不受时空限制的特性distinctive feature区别性特征D-structure深层结构duality of structur结构二重性e double articulation结构二重性Eembedded clause子句emotive meaning表情意义entity实体epenthesis插入音Error Analysis错误分析法euphemism委婉语evaluative meaning评价意义expressives表达类Ffactive predicate叙述性谓词family tree谱系树feature symbol特征标记features of meaning意义特征finite clause定式字句finite verb定式动词formalize形式化fossilization语言僵化framework框架free morpheme自由语素fricative擦音front vowel前元音function word虚词functional shift功能性转换functor element起功能作用成分Ggender性Generative Grammar生成语法Generative Semantics生成语义学genetic predispotion基因先天条件genetic relationship亲缘关系glide滑音glottal喉音glottis声门graddabl opposites可分等级的反义词grammaticality语法性grammatical meaning语法意义Great V owel Shift元音大变位Hhard palate硬腭head核心词hemispheric dominance for language大脑半球的语言优势hierarchical structure层次结构high variety高层次变体historical comparative linguistics历史比较语言学historical linguistics历史语言学holophrastic sentence独词句homography同形homonymy同音异义；同形异义homophony同音异义hyponymy下义关系hyponym下义词Iidiolect个人语言特点illocutionary act言外形为inconsistency自相矛盾Indo-European印欧语系infinitive marker不定式标记inflection曲折变化inflectional morpheme曲折语素input输入instrumental motivation工具性学习动机intake接受integrativ emotivation介入性学习动机interference干扰interlanguage语际语internalize内在化International Phonetic Alphabet国际音标interpersonmal communication人际交际intuition语调Llabeled (unlabeled) tree diagram加标记树形图labial唇音LAD语言习得机制language acquisition语言习得language behavior语言行为language center语言中枢language faculty语言机制language family语系language perception语言感知language planning语言规划language variation语言变异larynx喉lax vowel松元音level层；平面level of language语言层次lexical category词类lexical structure词汇结构lexicology词汇学lexicon词汇linear structure线性结构linguistic competence语言能力linguistic determinism语言决定论linguistic lateralization语言侧化linguistic performance语言运用linguistic relativism语言相对论linguistic repertoire全部语言变体linguistic taboo禁忌语linguistics语言学liquid流音loan word外来词localization定位locutionary act言内行为low variety低层次变体Mmanner of articulation发音方法matrix clause主句maxim of manner方式准则maxim of quality质量准则maxim of quantity数量准则maxim of relation关联准则meaning意义meaningfulness有意义meaning relation意义关系mentalism心理主义mentalistic theory精神论message信息metathesis语音变位Middle English中世纪英语minimal pair最小对立对Modern English现代英语Monophthong单元音Morpheme词素morphlogical rule形态学规则morphology形态学mother tongue母语Move α移动α规则movement rule移位规则Nnaming theory命名论narrow transcription严式音标narrowing of meaning词义缩小nasal cavity鼻腔nasality鼻音化nasalize鼻音化natural route of development自然发展轨道negator否定词neurolinguist神经语言学家neuron神经元no-place predication空位述谓结构Oobject宾语Old English古英语one-place predication一位述谓结构optimum age最佳学习年龄oral cavity口腔overextension扩展过度overgeneralization概括过度overt thought有声思维Ppalatal腭音paralinguistic副语言学的parameter参数performance语言运用performance error语言运用错误perlocutionary act言后行为pharyngeal cavity咽腔phone音素phoneme音位phonemic contrast音位对立phonetic feature语音特征phonetics语音学phonological rule音位规则phonology音位学phrasal category词组类phrase structure rule短语结构规则pidgin洋泾浜语place of articulation发音部位plosive爆破音polysemy多义性postpone后移prepose前移postvocalic元音后的pragmatics语用学predicate谓语predication述谓结构predication analysis述谓结构分析prefix前缀presprictive (grammar)规定语法presupposition前提proposition命题prepositional content命题内容protolanguage原始语psycholinguistics心理语言学puberty青春期Qqualifying predication修饰性述谓结构RReceived Pronunciation标准发音Recursiveness循环性Reference所指语义referring expression所指名词register语域relational opposites关系反义词representation表达；呈现representatives阐述类response反应retroflex卷舌音rewrite rule重写规则rounded vowel圆唇元音SSAE标准美国英语sapir-Whorf hypothesis…假设second language acquisition第二语言习得segment切分成分semantic anomaly语义异体semantic deviation语义变异semantic broadening语义广义化semantic narrowing语义狭义化semantic shift语义演变semantics语义学semantic structure语义结构semantic triangle语义三角sense意义sequential rule序列规则setting背景；环境sexist language性别歧视语sibilant咝音simple sentence简单句Sino-Tibetan汉藏语系situational dialect语域方言sociolect社会方言sociolinguistics社会语言学soft palate软腭species-specific capacity物种特有能力specifier指示语spectrograph频谱仪speech act言语行为speech community言语社区speech variety言语变体S-structure表层结构standard language标准语stem词干stimulus刺激stop爆破音stress重音structural constituency结构成分性structural linguistics结构主义语言学subject主语subordinate predication主从述谓性结构subscript下标subvocal predication无声言语suffix后缀superordinate上坐标词suprasegmental feature超切分特征surface structure表层结构synchronic linguistics共时语言synonymy同义词syntactic ambiguity句法歧义syntactic category句法类型syntactic rule句法规则syntax句法Ttaboo word禁忌词target language目标语tautology同义反复teeth ridge齿龈隆骨telegraphic speech电报式言语tense and aspect时和体tense vowel紧元音tone音调；声调tone language声调语言topic话题；主题transfer转移Transformational-Generative Grammar转换生成语法transformational rule转换规则tree diagram树形图two-place predication双位述谓结构Uunaspirated不送气underextension扩展不足Universal Grammar普遍语法Utterance话语utterance meaning话语意义uvula小舌Vvalidity有效性variable变项velar软腭音velum软腭vernacular本地话；本国语vocal cord声带voiced浊音化的voiceless不带音的，清音的voicing带音化，浊音化vowel元音WWernicke’s area韦尼克区widening of meaning词义扩大XX-bar theory X标杆理论。

词典学术语abbreviation缩略语abbreviative notation缩略标记abridged删节的，未足本的abridged dictionary节本词典abridgement删节，节本absolute equivalent绝对对应词absolute synonym绝对同义词abusage滥用abusive language辱骂语academic dictionary学术词典academic lexicography学术词典学academy dictionary学院词典accent mark重音号acceptability接受性acceptability rating接受等级access alphabet检索字母表access point检索项access structure检索结构acknowledges致谢项acrolect上层方言acronym首字母缩略词active dictionary积极词典，主动性词典active vocabulary积极词汇adjectival noun形容词性名词adjective complement形容词性补语adjective compound复合形容词adjunct附加性副词adnominal名词修饰语advanced searches高级搜索affix词缀affixation词缀法，词缀词agglutinative language黏着型语言alien word外来词allomorph语素变体allophone音位变体allusion典故alphabetic arrangement字母顺序排列alphabetic order字母顺序alphabetic sequence字母顺序alphabetic writing字母文字，拼音文字alphabetization按字母顺序排列alphanumeric combination字母数字组合词alphapedia字顺百科alternative lexicography另类词典学ambiguity歧义ambilogy双关语amelioration of meaning词义的扬升Americanism美国词语，美式英语Ampersand&号（=and）analogical dictionary类义词典analytic definition分析式释义analytic language分析型语言analytical ordering分析排列angle brackets尖括号animate noun生物名词，动物名词anisomorphism语言差异性antedating早于已摘录文献的引语anthroponymy人名学antidictionary反动词典appendix附录appreciative赞赏的，褒义的appropriateness得体性，适切性approximative equivalent近义对等词arch弓形符（即︵）archaic word古词archaism古体，古语archaizing dictionary仿古词典archeography古文献学archive引语档案areal linguistics区域语言学argot黑话arrow箭号article词条，条目artificial language人工语言asserted meaning陈述意义association联想association by contiguity相邻联想association by contrast对比联想association by similarity类似联想association group联想词群associational word联想词associative meaning联想意义asterisk星号（*）at单价号（@）attestation isolee个别使用attributive adjective修饰性形容词authentic example真确性例证authentication求证authenticity真实性author dictionary独编词典author’s dictionary作家词典automatic lemmatization自动归目automatic lexicography自动词典学autosemantic word自义词auxiliary verb助动词back clipping截尾缩略back matter附录部分，后文back matter structure附录结构back page material后页材料back-formation逆构词法backward dictionary逆序词典，倒排词典barbarism不纯正的词语，粗野语base词基，词根base structure基础结构base word词目base-repeating词根重叠释义法basic searches基本搜索basic sense基本义项basic vocabulary基本词汇basic word stock基本词汇bias word倾向性词语bias-free vocabulary无偏见词汇biblical expression圣经词语bibliography书目；目录学bidirectional dictionary双向双语词典bifunctional dictionary双功能词典big dictionary大型词典bilingual dictionary双语词典bilingual edition双解本，双解版bilingual learner’s dictionary双语学习词典bilingual lexicography双语词典学bilingual thesaurus双语分类词典bilingualized dictionary双解词典biographical dictionary人名词典biographical entry人名条目biographical lexicography人名词典学biographical sources传记资料blend混成词，拼缀词blending混成法，拼缀法；拼缀词bogey怪字bold-faced type黑体字borrowed word外借词borrowing借词bound equivalent局限对应词bound form黏附形式bound morpheme黏着词素bound root黏着词根braces大括号brackets方括号breve短音符bridge dictionary桥接词典British National Corpus英国国家语料库broad notation宽式标音法broad transcription宽式音标，宽式记音法browser浏览器buying guide购买指南cacography拼写错误cacology用词不当calque仿照词canonical form标准形式cant隐语，黑话capital letter大写字母caret脱字号（^）casual style随便语体，随意文本catachresis词语误用catchword眉词，导词categorical diversity范畴的差异性categorical equivalence范畴对应关系categorical identity范畴一致性categorization划分范畴，归类caution提醒号CD-ROM dictionary光盘词典censorship审查制度census普查，调查centered period分节点，音节号，中黑点（·）character dictionary字典character set字集check mark核对号（√）children’s dictionary儿童词典chronological dictionary序时词典circular definition循环释义circularity循环释义，互训circumflex音调符号，长音符号circumlocution迂回曲折表达法，遁词citation引语，书证，例证citation file引例档案classificatory label分类标注，类别标记clause idiom成语性分句cliché陈词滥调clipped form截短形式clipped word截短词clipping截短法close construction封闭结构closed combination封闭型组合closed corpus封闭式语料库closed-class words封闭性词类code代码codification编码coding代码化cognate同源词cognitive meaning认知意义coherence连贯性co-hyponym共下义词，共同受支配词coinage新造词语coined term新造术语coined word新造词，新创词college dictionary大学词典collegiate dictionary大学词典collocation搭配（关系）collocational information搭配信息collocative meaning搭配意义colloquial language口语colloquial standard口语标准语colloquial word口语词colloquialism口语词colorpedia彩图百科comb effect梳子效应combinatory possibility组合可能性combinatory variant组合变体combining form组合形式commercial dictionary商业词典common core vocabulary基本词汇，共有核心词汇common usage普通用法common word普通词compact dictionary缩印词典compact edition缩印版comparative lexicography比较词典学compilation（词典）编纂compiler编纂者compiler perspective编篡者视角complementaries互补反义词complete antonym完全反义词complete synonym完全同义词complex word复杂词componential analysis成分分析，义素分析composition合词法compound复合词compound word复合词，合成词compounding复合构词法comprehensive dictionary详解词典computational lexicography计算词典学computer lexicography计算机词典学conceptual connection概念联系conceptual dictionary概念词典conceptual meaning概念意义concise dictionary简明词典concordance语词索引confrontationist linguistics对照语言学conjunct连接性副词connotation隐含意义；附加意义；内涵connotative meaning内涵意义connotative style咨询文体content word实义词context语境context definition语境释义法context of situation言语环境，情景语境contextual definition语境释义contextual function语境功能contextual meaning语境意义contextual theory语境理论contract word缩写词contracted form,contraction缩写contradictory term对立性反义词contrast对称词contrastive analysis对比分析contrastive linguistics对比语言学conversion词类转化法conversive换位反义词cooccurrence同现cooccurrence relation同现关系cooccurrence restriction同现限制cooccurrence-range搭配cooccurrent meaning共现意义copying in dictionaries词典抄借copyright版权core group核心词群core sense核心义项core vocabulary核心词汇core word核心词co-reference互见corpus语料库corpus composition语料库的组成corpus correction语料库矫正corpus-orient lexicography语料库技术词典学correction矫正correctness正确性count noun可数名词countable noun可数名词coverage覆盖度creole混合语creolized language混合语cross reference互参，互见，交互参照cross-classification交叉结构cross-reference structure参见结构cryptogram密码cryptology隐语cultivated spoken language有教养的口头语言cultivated usage优雅用法cultural borrowing文化借用cultural context文化环境cultural dictionary文化词典cultural guide文化向导cultural lexicography文化词典学cultural-bound lexical item文化局限词汇项cultural-bound term(word)文化局限词cultural-loaded expression文化含义词cultural-specific vocabulary文化局限词汇culture-specific vocabulary文化局限词汇cuneiform,cuneiform writing楔形文字curtailed word缩短词cyclopedia百科全书cynicism挖苦语dagger剑号（┼）data bank数据库database数据库，资料库databases&audio-visual materials数据库与声像资料data-processing资料加工，数据处理dead affix废弃的词缀，废缀dead conjugation已经不用的词形变化形式dead language死语言dead metaphor死隐语dead word废词deadjective suffix附加于形容词的后缀deadjective verb来自形容词的动词declension（静词）词尾变化decode解码decoding dictionary解码词典decoding function解码功能de-etymologization词源中断definiendum被下定义的词语，被释词目definiens(pl.definientia)下定义用的词语，释义defining dictionary释义词典defining vocabulary(DV)定义用词汇，定义用词汇总表definition释义，定义deflexion词尾消失degeneration of meaning词义的降格deictic field指示范围denominal adjective来自名词的形容词denominal noun来自名词的名词denominal suffix附加于名词的后缀denominal verb来自名词的动词denotation所指意义，字面意义denotational meaning指称意义，所指意义denotative meaning外延意义denotatum(pl.denotata)所指客观对象density of entries词条密度derivation派生词；派生法derivation by zero suffix零位后缀派生法derivational affix派生词缀derivational antonym派生反义词derivational compound派生复合词derivational morpheme派生形素derivational suffix派生后缀derivative派生词derived form源出（<）derived sense派生义项derived stem派生词干deriving form派生形式derogatory贬损的，贬义的description描写descriptive dictionary描写性词典descriptive equivalent描写性对应词descriptive function描写功能descriptive trend描写性倾向descriptivism描写主义descriptor系索词，标志词designate定义，所指内容的组成designation指称意义designative word指称词designatum(pl.designata)所指内容desk dictionary案头词典desktop e-dictionary桌面电子词典desktop electronic-dictionary桌面电子词典deterioration of meaning词义降格，词义贬降determiner限定词deverbal adjective来自于动词的形容词deverbal noun来自于动词的名词deverbal suffix附加于动词的后缀diachronic approach历时角度diachronic dictionary历时词典diacritic变音符，附加符号diacritic sign附加符号diacritical mark变音符，附加符号diacritical marking符号标音法dialect dictionary方言词典dialect lexicography方言词典学dialectism方言词语diction措词dictionary词典，字典dictionary awareness词典意识dictionary criticism词典批评dictionary culture词典文化dictionary family词典家族dictionary for comprehension理解型词典dictionary for production生成型词典dictionary for speakers of the source language源语用户词典dictionary for speakers of the target language目的语用户词典dictionary for translation翻译词典dictionary form词典形式dictionary history词典史dictionary lookup词典查检dictionary maker词典编篡者dictionary making词典编篡dictionary meaning词典意义dictionary of proverbs谚语词典dictionary of the literary language书面语词典dictionary of the spoken language口语词典dictionary proper正文部分dictionary research词典研究dictionary review词典评论dictionary structure词典结构dictionary text词典语篇dictionary typology词典类型学dictionary use词典使用dictionary user词典使用者dictionary with bilingual双解词典dictionary word词典词didactic function教导功能differentia specifica属差differentia(pl.differentiae)种差differential dictionary区别性词典differential linguistics区别语言学diglossia双语现象diglottic level双语现象的变体diminutive指小（词）diminutive suffix指小后缀directories of agencies机构指南disambiguation消除歧义discourse meaning话语意义discrimination辨异，词义辨析disjunct分离性副词distinctive feature区别性特征distributional analysis分布分析法ditransitive verb双宾语动词ditto“同上”号（″）division into syllables分音节DJ丹尼尔▪琼斯标音法domesticated word归化词dominant sense主要意义double brackets双方括号double check双核对号（√）double dagger双剑号（╪）double scale组成一对的同义词double virgules双斜线号（//）doublet同源异体字echoic word拟声词edition版本editor编辑EFL lexicography英语作为外语的学习词典学electronic bilingual dictionary电子双语词典electronic dictionary电子词典electronic lexicography电子词典学elevation of meaning词义的扬升ellipsis省略号（…）ELT lexicography英语教学词典学emotive meaning情感意义emotive overtone感情色彩empirical ordering经验排列enclitic后接词encode编码，组码encoding dictionary编码词典encoding function编码功能encyclopedia百科全书encyclopedia definition百科释义encyclopedic dictionary百科词典encyclopedic entry百科条目encyclopedic matter百科信息English Philological Society英语语文协会entailed meaning蕴含意义entry条目，词条entry pane条目窗entry word词目ephemeral word瞬息新词equivalent对应词equivalent analogue等值的对应体ESL(English as second language)作为第二语言的英语ethnolinguistic bilingual dictionary人类语言学双语词典etymological dictionary词源词典etymology词源（学）euphemism委婉语everyday expression日常用语example,example-sentence例句exclamation mark感叹号exegetic dictionary注释词典exemplification括注法explanatory definition解说式释义explanatory equivanlent解释对等词explanatory gloss解释性说明explicit cross-reference明示互参extended sense引申意义extension外延extension of meaning语义扩大extinct language死语，死亡语extralinguistic context语言外语境familiar style非正式文体family of languages语系field场field theory词场理论field label学科标注figurative meaning比喻意义figurative speech比喻语figurative-metaphorical比喻隐喻的figure of speech修辞格file资料档案files of citation引例档案filler-in填空词fist参见号fixed accent固定重音fixed collocation固定搭配fixed phrase固定短语fixed stress固定重音fixed word-combination固定词组fixed word-order固定词序folk definition通俗释义folk etymology民俗词源，俗词源学folk speech民间语folk usage通俗用法folk-etymological民俗词源的forcing example强迫性例证foreign affix外来词缀foreign learner’s dictionary外国学习者词典foreign word外来词，外语词foreignism外来词语form of address称呼形式form speech正式言语form style正式文体form word形式词format板式，开本formative构词成分formulaic definition程式释义four-letter word四字母语，粗俗词语frame(structure)框架（结构）free combination自由组合free morpheme自由语素free root自由词根free translation意译free variant自由变体free variation自由变异free word order自由词序French quotes法文引号，书名号frequency词频frequency word-book频率词表front and back clipping对词的首部与尾部的缩略front clipping对词的首部的缩略front matter前页部分front matter,front page material前页，前页材料，（正文前的）材料frozen expression定型短语frozen style拘谨文体full homonym实足同形同音异义词full word实词，完全词function word功能词，虚词functional equivalent功能等值functional label功能标注functional language功能语言functional marker功能标记functional typology功能分类法functional varieties功能变体functional word功能词，虚词fuzzy terms模糊词语gazetteer地名索引，地名词典gem dictionary珍宝词典，精选词典general concordance普通词表general dictionary通用词典；普通词典generalization of meaning词的普遍化general-purpose bilingual dictionary综合性双语词典，通用双语词典general-purpose dictionary综合性（语文）词典general-purpose English dictionary综合性英语词典generative dictionary生成词典generic term类属词genus总属genus proximum近种geographical dictionary地理词典geographical entry地理条目geographical sources地理资料ghostword鬼词，别字giving synonyms同义词释义gleaning补遗gloss夹注，注释glossary注释词表，术语汇编glueword连接词gobbledygook官样文章Gothic writing哥特体字，黑体字governed word受支配词governing word支配词government publications政府出版物gradable adjective等级形容词grammar语法grammatical bound meaning受语法限制的意义grammatical coding语法代码grammatical collocation语法搭配grammatical context语法语境grammatical function语法功能grammatical information语法信息grammatical labeling语法代码grammatical marker语法标记grammatical motivation语法理据grammatical pattern语法模式grammatical sequence语法序列grammatically-partial word虚词graphic illustration插图，图解graphic substance形的实体graphic symbol书写符号guide word眉题，向导词habitual collocation习惯性搭配habitual co-occurrence习惯性同现handheld electronic dictionary掌上电子词典haplography掉字，漏写hard word难词head phrase词条headword词目heavy-duty word重负荷词hesitation-form犹豫形式hierarchical structure层级结构hierarchical system层级系统hieroglyphic writing象形文字high word高位词historical comparative linguistics历史比较语言学historical dictionary（按历史原则编写的）历史词典historical lexicography历史词典学historical ordering历史排列historical principle历史性原则historism历史词语homograph同形异义词homography同形异义homonym同音异义词，同形异义词homonymy同音异义，同形异义homophone mark同音号humorous幽默的hybrid混合词hybrid language混杂词hybrid word混合词，杂交词hyperonym总义词hypersemanticized discourse超语义化的说法hyphen连字符；隔音号hyphenated name连号hyphenation断词hyphenation routine连字法规则hypocoristic form爱称形式hypocoristic word爱称词hyponym下义词hyponymy下义关系identifying indication识别性说明ideogram表意文字ideographic symble表意符号ideographic writing表意文字ideography表意文字研究ideographical dictionary概念词典，义类词典ideographical function意识功能idiom习语，成语idiomatic expression习惯性词语idiomatic usage习惯用法idiomatics习语学，成语学illiterate language文盲用语illustration插图，例证illustrative citation例证，引证illustrative example说明性例句；例证illustrative quotation例证imitation binding仿古装帧imitative semantic change语义变化模仿immediate postpositive直接后置形容词implicative method隐含法implicit cross-reference暗示互参impolite word不礼貌用语imposition强加inappropriate不得体的indention缩格index索引index verborum词语出处索引indexation索引检索indexes&abstracts索引与摘要indexing language索引语言infix中缀inflected language屈折语inflection屈折变化inflectional affix屈折词缀inflectional language屈折语inflectional morpheme屈折词素inflectional variant屈折变体inflective language屈折语inflexion屈折变化inflexional ending词尾屈折inflexional language屈折语inflexional series屈折序列inflexional suffix屈折后缀informal style非正式文体informant语言调查合作人information card背景资料卡information category信息范畴information retrieval language情报检索语言informative dictionary知识性词典initial inflexion开首屈折initial part词首部分initialism首字母连写词inkhorn term学究气的用语innovation新造词insertible equivalent可插入对应词instruction manual说明手册instrument language古今语言instrumental case工具格intensifier强调成分interactive dictionary交互词典interface language接口语言interjection感叹词interlingual dictionary语际词典interlingual interference语际障碍interlingual purism语际语言纯正主义International Phonetic Alphabet(IPA)国际音标，国际音标注音法internationalism国际词intimate style亲昵语体intralingual purism内部语言纯正主义introspective example自省性例证invented example自造词irregular inflection不规则屈折形式italic斜体字italic bold-face type斜黑体jargon行话KK KK音标koine共通语，共同语language for specific purposes专门用途语言language notes语言说明language transfer语言迁移language typology语言类型学langue语言，语言系统latent word潜在词Latinism拉丁词语learned word文言词learner’s dictionary学生词典lemma词目lemma unit词目单位letter-by-letter arrangement纯字母排列法lexeme词汇单位；词位，词素，词项lexical词汇的，语词的lexical ambiguity词汇歧义；词汇模糊性lexical collocation词汇搭配lexical context词汇语境lexical density词汇密度lexical entry词项，语词条目lexical equivalent词义对应词lexical expression词汇表达方式lexical field词汇场lexical gap词汇空缺lexical grammar词汇语法lexical item词汇单位；词位，词素，词项lexical meaning词汇意义lexical set词群，词集lexical stock词汇总库lexical unit词汇单位lexical word词汇词lexicographer词典学家，词典编篡者lexicographese词典用语lexicographic context词典语境lexicography词典学，词典编篡，词典编篡学lexicology词汇学lexicon词典（尤指古代语言的词典）；词库ligature连音符lingua franca混合语，通用语，交际语linguistic context语言语境linguistic dictionary语文词典linguistic matter语言信息linguistic typology硬译分类学linguistics across culture跨文化语言学literal error排字错误，印刷错误literal meaning字面意义literal translation直译，硬译literary书面语literary language文学语言literary standard文学标准语literary word书面词语live suffix活后缀living affix现在通用的词缀living conjugation“活”的（词形）变化living language现用语言，活语言living word现在通用的词汇loan blend借词混成词，借词拼缀词loan shift转用借词loan translation翻译借词，仿译词loan word借词，外来词local dialect地方方言locution措词logical definition逻辑式定义logical ordering逻辑排列logographic lexicon字典logography速记符long vowel长元音lower-case letter小写字母（印刷用语）LSP lexicography专业英语词典学machine-readable dictionary机读词典machine-aided lexicography机助词典学macro-lexicography宏观词典学macron长音符（加在元音上的“-”）macrostructure宏观结构made-up example自造例main word主导词majuscule大写字母makeshift language代用语言malformation构词错误，误构manual手册maps&atlases地图与地图集marginal meaning外延意义mark,marker标记master index总索引meaning意义meaning discrimination词义辨析meaning-oriented principle意义中心原则means of access检索途径measure adjective度量形容词measure noun度量名词mechanical dictionary电脑词典mediostructure中间结构medium dictionary中型词典megastruture整体结构metalanguage元语言metalexicography元词典学metaphor隐喻metaphoric meaning比喻意义，喻义metaplasm词形变异methodology方法论metonymy换喻，转喻microcontext微观语境microglossary微词典microlexicography微观词典学microstructure微观结构middle matter正文部分midline dot分节点mixed language混合语modal verb情态动词mode式momentary event verb瞬间动作动词monolingual dictionary单语词典monolingual lexicography单语词典学monosemic word单义词monosemy单义性moribund language垂死语言morpheme语素morpheme word语素词morphemic arrangement语素顺序排列morphemic dictionary词素词典morphemical mark形态符号morphology词法morphology label词法标注mother tongue negative transfer母语负迁移motional verb动作动词motivated word有理据的词motivation of word词的理据multi-lingual dictionary多语词典multilingual lexicography多语词典学multi-media dictionary多媒体词典multiword lexical unit多单词词位，复词词汇单位narrow Romic严式罗密克音标narrow transcription严式音标，窄式记音法narrowed meaning狭义narrowing词义缩小native affix本族词缀native language本族语native speaker说本族语的人native speaker’s dictionary本族语词典native word本族词natural language自然语言near-synonym近义词negative transfer负迁移neoclassic formation新古典词的构词法neoclassic word新古典词neologism新词nest(ing)派生词群nest-alphabetic method词集字母排列法nil-equivalent零对应词，无对应词noetics义位学nomenclature术语集nominal definition名目定义nonce-word临时词non-designative非指称词non-echoic word非拟声词non-gradable adjective非等级形容词non-historical dictionary非历史词典non-insertible equivalent非插入对应词non-productive无构词能力的non-restrictive collocation非限制性搭配nonstandard非标准（用语）normal dictionary传统词典normative dictionary规范词典normative lexicography规范性词典学notional passive意义上被动notional system概念系统notional word实义词noun名词noun adjunct附加名词noun cluster名词词组noun compound复合名词noun of multitude群体名词noun-drivative派生名词now rare目前少用nuance细微差别numbered clause分节号（§）numeral数词object宾语object language目的语，对象语言obsolescent陈旧的obsolete已废的obsolete affix废缀obsolete word旧词obsoletism已废弃的词语one-phrase definition单一短语释义法one-to-one correspondence一一对应one-to-one equivalent一一对等on-line dictionary在线词典，网络词典onomasiological gap词汇空缺；名称空缺onomasiology定名学onomasticon专名词典onomatopoeic word拟声词open combination开放型组合open corpus开放式语料库open-class words开放性词类opposite meaning对立意义optional variant随意变体oratorical style演说文体ordinal number序数词ordinals序数词orthographic criterion书写标准orthographic syllable拼法音节orthography正字法，拼写法ostensive definition直观定义ostensive definition直观释义法output language输出语outside matter正文外部分overall-descriptive dictionary全面描写词典over-defining过度释义P marker短语标记pagination页码检索paper dictionary纸质词典paradigm（名词、动词等的）词形变化表paragraph分节号（§）；段落；段落号（▪）parallel bars平行号（║）parent language母语，源语parentheses圆括号parole言语paronym形似词partial conversion部分词类转化partial equivalent部分对应词partial homonym部分同音同形异义词participle分词particle小品词，语助词parts of speech词类parts-of-speech label词性标注passive dictionary被动型词典，消极词典patois土话pedagogical dictionary教学词典pedagogical lexicography教学词典学pejorative轻蔑词pejorative epithet表贬损的修饰语pejorative suffix贬义后缀perfect antonym完全反义词perfect equivalence完全对等perfect equivalent完全对等词perfect homonym完全同音同形异义词period句号period dictionary断代词典period lexicography断代词典学peripheral kinds of vocabulary边缘性词汇peripheral language外围语periphrastic definition迂回定义peroration of meaning词义的降格personal suffix人称后缀phantom word幻象词phenomenological typology现象分类法philological bilingual dictionary语文学双语词典philological dictionary语文词典philology语文学phoneme音位，音素phonemic notation音标，音位标音法phonemic transcription音位标音phonemic word音位词phonemics音位学，音素学phonetic acronym语音缩写词phonetic alphabet音标，语音字母phonetic change语音演变phonetic convergence音变的汇合phonetic hyphen隔音号（-）phonetic motivation拟声理据phonetic pattern语音模式phonetic spelling表音拼写法phonetic syllable语音音节phonetic symbol音标，音符phonetic transcription注音，标音法phonetic writing拼音文字phoneticism音标拼词法phonographic alphabet表音字母phonology音系学，音位学phrasal verb短语动词phrase短语，词组phrase clipping短语略写phrase idiom惯用短语phrase marker短语标记phraseological dictionary熟语词典phraseological lexicography熟语词典学phraseology熟语，熟语集phrasing措词pictograph象形文字pictographic writing图画文字pictorial arrangement图式顺序排列pictorial dictionary图画词典pictorial illustration插图pidgin混杂语pidgin English洋泾浜英语plurality复数性，多重性plurilingual多语种的plurilingualism多语制pocket dictionary袖珍词典pocket electronic dictionary掌上电子词典poetic word诗歌用语poetical archaic word诗用古词poetry诗体poetism诗体词语polite formulas礼貌套语polylingual多语种的polylingual dictionary多语种对照词典polylingualism多语制polyseme,polysemous word多义词（现象）polysemy多义现象，一词多义polysyllable多音节词polytechnic dictionary科技词典popular etymology俗词源学popular language俗语popular word俗语词portmanteau word紧缩词post-modifier后置修饰语postpositive后置形容词pragmalinguistics语用语言学pragmatic analysis语用分析pragmatic equivalent语用对应词pragmatic failure语用失误pragmatics语用学predeterminer前置限定词predicative表语preface序言prefix前缀prefixation加前缀premodifier前置修饰语prescriptive规范性的prescriptive dictionary规范词典prescriptive grammar规定语法prescriptive lexicography规定性词典学prescriptive trend规定性倾向prescriptivism规定主义present participle现在分词presentational affix表义词缀presentational or tectonic typology表述（或构造）分类法primary accent主重音primary linguistic data第一手语言资料primary meaning本义primitive原始词principal language主体语言print dictionary印刷型词典printing印刷proclitic后接发音词productive activity（说、写等）产出性活动productive affix有派生能力的词缀，派生词缀productive bilingual dictionary能产性双语词典productive dictionary产出型词典productive function产出功能productivity能产性pronominal adjective代词性形容词pronouncing dictionary发音词典pronunciation key发音表prototype原型proverb谚语provincial standard地方标准punctuation mark标点符号punning双关语purism语言纯正主义purrword褒词quadrilingual dictionary四语词典quasi-normative bilingual dictionary准规范化双语词典quasi-synonym准同义词quasi-synoymous word准同义词questionnaire问卷，调查表quotation书证quotation mark引号radiation（词义的）辐射radical词根，部首radical flexion词根屈折radical language词根语radical sense原始义range of application使用范围range of collocation搭配范围rare罕用reading programme阅读项目real definition真实定义realization体现关系Received Pronunciation(RP)标准发音receptive activity接收活动receptive function接收功能receptor language接收语reciprocal dictionary互补词典reciprocal relation相互关系reduced entry减缩词条reduplication重叠reduplicative word重叠词reference参见reference book工具书reference dictionary查考型词典reference matter检索信息reference mark检索符号reference need检索目的reference skill检索技巧reference unit检索单位referent所指事物，词目所指的对象referential definition所指释义referential meaning information所指意义referential pragmatics指代语用学referential symbolism所指符号refinement修饰reflected meaning发射意义regional word地区性词regionalism区域词语register域register label语域标注relational word关系词relative synonym相对同义词，近义词reroute重新查找respelling schemes重拼法respelling system重拼发音符号系统restricted language限制性语言restriction of meaning词义的限制restrictive collocation限制性搭配reverse dictionary逆序词典rheme述位rhyming dictionary音韵词典Roman type正体字root词根root antonym词根反义词root inflexion词根屈折root form词根形式，根式round brackets圆括号runic writing北欧古代文字running head向导词run-on(entry)副词目，内词条sandhi连读变音scholarly dictionary学术词典schoolboy slang学生俚语scientific terminology科技术语search检索，搜索searching window检索窗secondary accent次重音，次重音号secondary compound二次复合词secondary derivative次派生词secondary language第二语言secondary meaning次要意义secondary morpheme-word次语素词secondary phoneme次音位secondary stress次重音segmental dictionary部分语词词典，特种语词词典selection of entries(articles)选条selection of head characters选字selection of headwords选词selection preference选择倾向selection restriction选择限制sell-aware form自觉形式semantic affinity语义一致semantic arrangement语义顺序排列semantic coincidence语义重合semantic component语义成分semantic condensation语义缩合semantic contradiction语义矛盾semantic contrast语义对比semantic criterion语义标准semantic dictionary主题词典semantic divergence词义分化semantic extension语义扩展semantic factor语义因素semantic field语义场semantic function语义功能semantic glosses语义注释semantic inclusion语义包容semantic intersection语义交叉semantic marker语义标记semantic motivation语义理据semantic properties语义特征semantic prototype model语义原型模式semantic shift语义演变semantics语义学sememe义素semi-bilingual半双解semicolon分号semiology,semiotics符号学semi-unabridged dictionary半足本词典sense义项sense discrimination义项区分sense relation义项关系sentence connector连接词sentence idiom成语性句子sentence pattern句型sentence substitute替代词set expression固定词语shades of meaning语义色彩shift sign移位符（加在元音上的符号，如︵，′）short cuts词义速查short vowel短音符shortening缩短法signification词义singularity单数性slang俚语slang dictionary俚语词典slang expression俚语词语slang word俚语词slant斜线号（/）slip资料卡small capital小大写small dictionary小型词典snarl word贬词social dialect社会方言social-situational feature社会情景特征social-cultural meaning社会文化意义sociopragmatic information社会语用信息sociopragmatics社会语用学solecism语法错误solid compound固定复合词sound pattern语音模式sound shift语音演变sound system语音系统sound-variation语音变异source蓝本sources of statistics统计资料speaker-meaning说话人的用意special dictionary专科词典special lexicography专科词典学special pages专题页special-field dictionary专科词典specialized dictionary专门词典specialized meaning专用义specific term/word狭义词specifying gloss规定性注释speech act言语行为speech level label语言层次标注speech mechanism言语机制speech recognition言语识别speech repertoire活用语言库。

HDSL是High-speed Digital Subscriber Line的英文简称，中文称为高速率数字用户线路。

HDSL是XDSL家族中开发比较早，应用比较广泛的一种，采用回波抑制、自适应滤波和高速数字处理技术，使用2B1Q编码，利用两对双绞线实现数据的双向对称传输，传输速率2048Kbps/1544Kbps（E1/T1），每对电话线传输速率为1168Kbit/s，使用24AWG（American Wire Gauge美国线缆规程）双绞线（相当于0.51mm）时传输距离可以达到3.4KM，可以提供标准E1/T1接口和V.35接口。

VDSL（Very-high-bit-rate Digital Subscriber loop）甚高速数字用户环路，简单地说，VDSL 就是ADSL的快速版本。

使用VDSL，短距离内的最大下传速率可达55Mbps，上传速率可达19.2Mbps，甚至更高（不同厂家的芯片组，支持的速度不同。

同一厂家的芯片组，使用的频段不同，提供的速度也不同。

目前市场上用量比较多的是英飞凌的套片，支持517k～15M 带宽。

此外科胜讯公司的套片可以支持100M/50M带宽，一些台湾的芯片组也可以支持到100和65M 的带宽）。

不同厂家的vdsl不能实现互通，导致了vdsl不能大规模商业应用，新一代的vdsl2实现了互通，为vdsl大规模商业应用提供了条件。

ADSL （Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line ，非对称数字用户环路）是一种新的数据传输方式。

它因为上行和下行带宽不对称，因此称为非对称数字用户线环路。

它采用频分复用技术把普通的电话线分成了电话、上行和下行三个相对独立的信道，从而避免了相互之间的干扰。

即使边打电话边上网，也不会发生上网速率和通话质量下降的情况。

通常ADSL在不影响正常电话通信的情况下可以提供最高3.5Mbps的上行速度和最高24Mbps的下行速度。

航空英语缩略词航空英语缩略词汇总航空英语中包含大量缩略词，缩略词对于从事航空飞机行业的我们具有很重要的作用。

以下是yjbys店铺列举的航空英语中所必须掌握的英语缩略词。

AABV Above 上方A/C Aircraft;Air Conditioning 飞机;空调ACCEL Acceleration, Accelerate (d), Accelerometers 加速，加速度计ACN Aircraft Classification Number 飞机分类编号ACT Active 工作的，有效的，生效的，正在使用的ACU Air Conditioning Unit 空调组件ADDR Address 地址，广播ADF Automatic Direction Finder 自动定向仪，无线电罗盘ADS Air Data System 大气数据系统ADV Advance 提前，预先AECU Audio Electronic Control Unit 音响电子控制组件AFCS Automatic Flight Control System 自动飞行控制系统AFM Airplane Flight Manual 飞机飞行手册(FAA批准)A/G Air/Ground 空中/地面，空/地AGL Above Ground Level 高于地面AH Alert Height 警戒高度AIDS Aircraft Integrated Data System 飞机综合数据系统AIL Aileron 副翼ALIGN Aligning， Alignment 校准，对准ALPHA Alpha 字母，迎角ALT Altitude 高度ALTM Altimeter 高度表ALTN Alternate 备用ALTS Altitude Select 高度选择AMM Aircraft Maintenance Manual 飞机维护手册AMP Amperes 安培AMPL Amplifier 放大(器)AMTOSS Aircraft Maintenance T ask Oriented Support System 飞机维护任务保障系统AN/CDU Alternate Navigation on CDU 控制显示组件的备用导航ANN ANNUN Annunciator 告示牌，信号牌(灯)ANT Antenna 天线AOA Angle of Attack 迎角AOG Aircraft On Ground 停飞飞机，飞机停飞A/P Autopilot 自动驾驶仪APD/CL Access Panels and Doors/Component Location 盖板和舱门/部件位置APL Airplane 飞机APM Airport Planning Manual 机场计划手册APP Approach 进近APPR Approach 进近APPROX Approximately 大约AR As Required 按需要ARINC Aeronautical Radio Incorporated 航空无线电公司ARM Aircraft Recovery Manual 飞机修复手册ARPT Airport 机场ARR Arrival 到达，进港A/S Airspeed;Antiskid 空速;防滞ASYM Asymmetrical 不对称的ASSY Assembly 组件，组装Asym Asymmetric/Asymmetry 不对称ATA Actual Time of Arrival 实际到达时间ATA 100 Air Transport Association of America Specification No.100 美国航空运输协会第100号规范ATC Air Traffic Control 空中交通管制ATT Attitude;Attendant 姿态ATTD Attitude 姿态;乘务员ATTND Attendant (空中)服务员AUTO Automatic 自动AUTO BAL Automatic Balance 自动平衡AUTOTHROT Autothrottle 自动油门ATTO XFER Automatic Transfer 自动转换AUX Auxiliary 辅助AV Avionics 航空电子设备AVAIL Available 存在，可用，有AVG Average 平均AZ Azimuth 方位BBAL Balance 平衡BARO Barometric Pressure 气压压力BATT Battery 电瓶BAT Battery 电瓶BB Broad Band 宽带BK Break 中断，打断BKGRD Background 背景BKR Breaker 断电器BRG Bearing 方位; 轴承BRK Brake 剎车(装置)，制动(装置)BRT Bright; Brightness (stroke intensity control) 亮度(频闪灯亮度控制)BTL Bottle 氧气瓶，灭火瓶BTMS Brake T emperature Monitoring System 刹车温度监视系统CCenter, Caution, Cable, Captain, Celsius, Cool, Cabin, Cycles 中心，注意，电缆，机长，摄氏，冷却，座舱，循环CAA Civil Aviation Authority (英国)民航局Cab Cabin 客舱CALCalibrate 校正，校准CANC Cancel 取消，删除CAP Capture 载获CAPT or C Captain 机长CAS Calibrated Airspeed 校准空速CAT Category 目录，类CATII Category II 二类飞行标准CB C/B Circuit Breaker 跳开关，电路断路器CCA Circuit Card Assembly 电路板组件CCW Counter-clockwise 逆时针反时针CDU Control Display Unit 控制显示组件CG Center of Gravity 重心CH Chapter， Channel 章，通道CHGR Charger 充电器，加注器CHR Chronometer 精密计时器，秒表CK Check 检查CKPT Cockpit 驾驶舱CKT Circuit 电路CL Close 关闭，闭合C/L Centerline 中心线CLB Climb， Maximum Climb 爬高，爬升;最大爬升CLK Clock 时钟CLR Clear 清除CM Centimeters 厘米CMD Command 指令，命令CMM Component Maintenance Manual 部件维护手册CMPS Compass 罗盘CMPTR Computer 计算机CNTRL， Cntrl Control 控制，操纵(机构)CO Carbon Dioxide;Company 二氧化碳; 公司COM Communication 通讯，连络Comb Combustor;Combination 燃烧室; 结合，组合COMM Communication 通讯，联络COMND Command 指令，指挥COMP Compartment; Comparator 舱; 比较器COMP Compressor;Compensate, Compensator 压气机;补偿补偿器COND Condition，conditioning; Continued 条件，状态;调节;继续CONFIG Configuration 配置，布局，形态CONN Connection 连接，接头CONT Control, Continuous, Contactor, Controller 控制，操纵，连续的，接触器，控制器COOL Cooling 冷却，散热CORR Correction 修正CRS Course 航道，航线CRZ Cruise 巡航CSN Cycles Since New 总循环数CT Control Transformer 控制变压器CT Current Transformer 电流互感器CTL Control; COMM/NAV Tuning Unit 控制;通讯导航调谐组件CTR; ctr Contour; Center 轮廓;中央，中心CU Copper 铜CU Control Unit 控制组件。

常见的英语缩略词学习老不少英语，但是大家知道的英语缩写有哪些吗?接下来，小编给大家准备了常见的英语缩略词,欢迎大家参考与借鉴。

常见的英语缩略词ADSL 英文Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line的缩写，又名网络快车。

APEC英文Asian-Pacific Economic Cooperation的缩写，即亚太经济合作组织。

AQ英文Adversity Quotient的缩写，逆境商数，指一个人处理逆境的能力。

ATM英文Automatic Teller mACHINE的缩写，即自动柜员机，又称自动取款机。

BBS英文Bulletin Board System的缩写，公告牌系统或电子公告板。

BSS英文Base Station System的缩写，即基站系统，指移动通信中的空中接口部分。

CARM英文Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine的缩写，即中国康复医学会。

CATV英文Cable Television的缩写，即有线电视。

CBD英文Central Business District的缩写，又称中央商务区。

CCEL英文China Certification Committee for Environment Labelling Production的缩写，即中国环境标志产品认证委员会。

CD-ROM英文Compact Cisk- Read Only Memory的缩写，即光盘只读存储器，也就是人们常说的光驱。

CEO英文Chief Enective Officer的缩写，即首席执行官。

CET英文College English Test的缩写，即大学英语测试。

CFO英文Chief Finance Officer的缩写，即首席财务主管。

CGFNS英文Commission on Graduates of Foreign Nuring Schools的缩写，即外国护士毕业生委员会。

Abbreviations（缩略词）AP ACCESS PANEL 检查口AAV AUTOMATIC AIR VENT 自动排气口ACB AIR CIRCUIT BREAKER 空气断路器ACR AIR COOLED RADIATOR 风冷散热器ACS AUTOMATIC CLEANING SYSTEM 自动清洗系统AFFL ABOVE FINISHED FLOOR LEVEL 楼面竣工标高以上ASFL ABOVE STRUCTURAL FLOOR LEVEL 建筑标高以上AHU AIR HANDLING UNIT空气处理机组& AND 与BW BLEED-OFF WATER 排出水COWP CONDENSING WATER PUMP冷凝水泵COWR CONDENSING WATER RETURN冷凝水回流COWS CONDENSING WATER SUPPLY 冷凝水供应CH CHILLER 冷却装置CHWP CHILLER WATER PUMP 冷水泵CHWR CHILLER WATER RETURN 冷水回流CHWS CHILLER WATER SUPPLY 冷水供应C/O CHANGE OVER 转接CO CARBON MONOXIDE SENSOR 一氧化碳传感器CT CURRENT TRANSFORMER 电流转换器C/W COMPLETE WITH 附件DL DOOR LOUVRE 通风门DOL DIRECT ON LINE 直接在线EA EXHAUST AIR 废气EAD EXHAUST AIR DUCT 排气管EAF EXHAUST AIR FAN 排气扇EAG EXHAUST AIR GRILLE 排气格栅EAL EXHAUST AIR LOUVRE 排气口ETL ELECTRO-THERMAL LINK 电热体EQ EQUALIZATING PIPE 平衡管F/A FROM ABOVE 从上面F/B FROM BELOW 从下面FAD FRESH AIR DUCT 净气管道FAF FRESH AIR FAN 净气扇FAG FRESH AIR GRILLE 净气栅格FAI FRESH AIR INTAKE 净气进口FAL FRESH AIR LOUVRE 净气口FCU FAN COIL UINT 风机盘管单元F.D FIRE DAMPER 防火挡板FRP FIRE RATE PERIOD 火灾时期FL FLOOR LEVEL 楼面标高F&E FEED &EXPANSION 供给和膨胀F/S FUSE SWITCH 保险丝开关F&BP FEED &EXPANSION PIPE 供给和膨胀管H/L HIGH LEVEL 高电平H/X HEAT EXCHANGER 热交换器HP HEAT PUMP 热泵H.F.D HIGH TEMP.(121 DEG)FIRE DAMPER高温防火闸GEAF WINDOW MOUNTED/WALL MOUNTED TYPE EXHAUST FAN 窗挂/壁挂式排气扇L/L LOW LEVEL 低电平LCP LOCAL CONTROL PANEL 局部控制盘M/L MID LEVEL 中等水平MAD MAKE-UP AIR DUCT 空气补偿道MAF MAKE-UP AIR FAN 空气补偿扇MCC MOTOR CONTROL CUBICLE 电机控制室MUW MAKE-UP WATER 添加水MSFD MOTORISED SMOKE&FIRE DAMPER 机动烟和防火闸NTS NOT TO SCALE 不按比例NRD NON-RETURN DAMPER 不回流阻尼器PAD PRIMARY AIR DUCT 主通风管PFD POST FIRE SMOKE REMOVAL DUCT 消防排烟管PFF POST FIRE SMOKE REMOVAL FAN 消防排烟风机PUD SMOKE PURGE DUCT 空气净化管PUF SMOKE PURGE FAN 空气净化扇RA RETURN AIR 回风RAD RETURN AIR DUCT 回风管道RAG RETURN AIR GRILLE 回风格栅RAL RETURN AIR LOUVRE 回流空气口SA SUPPLY AIR 送风SAD SUPPLY AIR DUCT 送风管道SAG SUPPLY AIR GRILLE 送风格栅SED SMOKE EXTRACTION AIR DUCT 排烟风管SEF SMOKE EXTRACTION FAN 排烟扇SPD STAIRCASE PRESSURIZATION DUCT 楼梯增压管道SPF STAIRCASE PRESSURIZATION FAN 楼梯增压扇SPS STAIRCASE PRESSURIZATION SYSTEM 楼梯增压系统T/A TO ABOVE 到上面T/B TO BELOW 到下面TA TRANSFER AIR 空气转移TAD TRANSFER AIR DUCT 空气转移管道TAG TRANSFER AIR GRILLE 空气转移格栅TAL TRANSFER AIR LOUVRE 空气转移口TED TOILET EXHAUST DUCT 厕所排风管道TEF TOILET EXHAUST FAN 厕所排风机VAV VARIABLE AIR VOLUME 变风量VCD VOLUME CONTROL DAMPER 风量控制阀w/ WITH 有，接触w/o WITHOUT 没有，不接触WMS WIRE MESH SCREEN 金属丝网筛WL WEATHERPROOF LOUVRE 防水口LEGENDS（图例）GATE VALVE (NORMALLY OPEN) 阀门(常开的)GATE VALVE (NORMALLY CLOSED) 阀门(常关的)CHECK VALVE/NON-RETURN VALVE单向阀GLOBE VALVE (NORMALLY OPEN) 球阀（常开的）GLOBE VALVE (NORMALLY CLOSED) 球阀（常闭的）Y-TYPE STRAINER Y型过滤器BUTTERFLY VALVE 蝶形阀，瓣阀PRESSURE INDEPENDENT CONTROL VALVE 压力控制阀FLEXIBLE CONNECTOR 弹性接头，挠性连接器EXPANSION JOINT 伸缩缝2-WAY MODULATING VALVE 双向调节阀DP CONTROLLER 防潮控制器PRESSURE REDUCING VALVE 减压阀，减压活门CONSTANT FLOW VALVE 恒流量阀2-WAY ON/OFF CONTROL VALVE 双向开、关控制阀3-WAY ON/OFF CONTROL VALVE三向开、关控制阀2-WAY VALVE 双向阀SOLENOLD VALVE 电磁阀VALVE WITH PLUG-OFF 无塞阀门DRAIN VALVE 排水阀3-WAY MODULATING VALVE三向调节阀PLUG COCK 旋塞，转阀ECCENTRIC REDUCER 偏心异径管，偏心大小头CONCENTRIC REDUCER 同心异径管，同心大小头BASKET STRAINER 篮式过滤器ANTIVACUUM VALVE 反压力阀门AUTOMATIC AIR VENT C/W ISOLATING VALVE 自动排气管 C/W 隔离阀AIR WENT PIPE 排气管BALL FLOAT SWITCH 浮动开关BALL FLOAT VALVE 浮子阀，浮球阀PRESSURE SENSOR 压力传感器FLOW METER 流量计THERMOMETER 温度计DIFFERNTIAL PRESSURE SWITCHFLOW SWITCH 流量开关，气流换向器TEMPERATURE GAUGE 温度计，温度测试表HEAT REJECTION COIL(RADIATOR) 排热线圈（散热器）REFRIGERANT PIPE 制冷剂管BLEED-OFF WATER PIPE 分流水管MAKE-UP WATER PIPE 补给水，补充水，添加水CHILLED WATER SUPPLY 冷却水供应CHILLED WATER RETURN 冷却水回流HOT WATER SUPPLY 热水供应HOT WATER RETURN 热水回流CONDENSING WATER SUPPLY 冷凝水供应CONDENSING WATER RETURN 冷凝水回流CONDENSATE DRAIN PIPE 冷凝排水管WATER PUMP 抽水机，水泵VAV BOX 变风量空调系统的末端装置CAV BOX 定风量空调系统的末端装置CENTRIFUGAL FAN 离心式风扇，离心式鼓风机WINDOW MOUNTED/WALL MOUNTED TYPE EXHAUST FAN 窗挂式/墙挂式排风机（排气扇）PROPELLER TYPE EXHAUST FAN 螺旋式排风机INDOOR CONDENSING UNIT 内置式压缩冷凝机AXIAL FAN 轴流式通风机、轴流式风扇THEROSTAT C/W 3 SPEED CONTROLLER (WALL MOUNTED)LOCAL MOTOR CONTROL PANEL 电动机控制板COOLING COIL 冷却旋管HUMIDIFIER 加湿器DUCT SILENCER 导管消音器HUMIDISTAT 湿度调节器、恒湿器DUCT OR PIPE MOUNTED TEMPERATURE SENSOR 装有温度传感器的管子IMMERSION TEMPERATURE SENSOR 浸入式温度传感器DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE SWITCH 压力开关、压力差电门DIRECT DIGTAL CONTROL 直接数字化控制DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE SENSOR 差动压力传感器DUCTWORK FLEXIBLE JOINT 柔性接头管道系统WATER HAMMER ARRESTER 水击避电器CARBON MONOXIDE AND NITROGEN DIOXIDE SENSOR 一氧化碳和二氧化碳传感器MOTORISED SMOKE &FIRE DAMPER W/DUCT TYPE SMOKE DETECTOR 机动烟和防火挡板w型/管型烟雾探测器PROBE TYPE SMOKE DETECTOR 针式烟雾探测器SIGHT GLASS 观察孔，窥镜REFIRGERANT DRYER 冷冻干燥器LOCAL MOTOR CONTROL PANEL 电动机控制板DIRECT DIGITAL CONTROLLER PANEL 直接数字控制器VOLUME CONTROL DAMPER 风量控制阀MOTORIZED DAMPER 机动阻尼器FIRE DAMPER 防火挡板GUIDE VANE 导流叶片，导向叶片ACCESS PANEL 检修门，检查口，检修窗AIR DIFFUSER 空气扩散器AIR GRILLE 通风花窗SLOT DIFFUSER 条缝型散流器JET NOZZLE 喷嘴，尾喷口，喷射管RETURN AIR DUCT/EXHAUST AIR DUCT 回风管道/排气管道SUPPLY AIR DUCT/FRESH AIR DUCT 送气管道/新鲜空气管道BAG TYPE FILTER 袋式过滤器PANEL FILTER 过滤板AIR FLOW DIRECTION 空气流向METALCLAD SWITCH (RATING AS INDICATED, TPN UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED) 金属壳开关（按照说明的等级，采用TPN除非另外有说明）METALCLAD SWITCH MOUNTED AT CEILING LEVEL装有最高电平的金属壳开关METALCLAD SWITCH MOUNTED AT HIGH LEVEL 装有高电平的金属壳开关WEATHERPROOF SWITCH, IP56，UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED 防雨开关，IP56，除非另外有说明FLAMEPROOF SWITCH 防火开关TP&N COPPER BUSBAR CHAMBER TP&N铜母线室AIR CIRCUIT BREAKER 空气断路器SWITCH FUSED 熔融开关METALCLAD SWITCH/ISOLATOR/AI SWITCH 金属壳的开关/绝缘体/人工智能开关MCCB/MCB 塑料外壳式断路器/微型断路器FUSE LINK, C/W 6A FUSE UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED 熔线环C/W 除非有另外的说明6A 的时候融化CURRENT TRANSFORMER 电流变换器AMMETER 安培计AMMETER SELECTOR 电流表选择开关VOL TMETER音量转让进口VOL TMETER SELECTOR 音量转让进口选择钮INDICATING LAMPS (RED, YELLOW &BLUE) 指示灯（红、黄和蓝）POWER FACTOR METER 功率因数表，功率因数计IDMT OVER-CURRENT PROTECTION RELAY IDMT过流保护继电器IDMT EARTH PROTECTION RELAY IDMT接地保护继电器ENERGY CHECK METER 能量校验仪表BULKHEAD 隔板，防水壁FIRE RATED ENCLOSURE (2 HOURS) 耐火外壳（2小时）TEST POINT 测试点AIR PURIFIER 空气净化器空气滤净器CARBON DIOXIDE SENSOR 二氧化碳传感器VOC SENSOR VOC传感器WATER COOLED VARIABLE REFRIGERANT VOLUME OUTDOOR UNIT水冷式可变制冷剂体室外机VRV BRANCH PIPE KITS VRV支管装备AIR COOLED VARIABLE REFRIGERANT VOLUME OUTDOOR UNIT 风冷式可变制冷剂体室外机FCU 风机盘管ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR 静电除尘器，电集尘器ENERGY METER C/W BMS H/L INTERFACE 能量计c/w 电池管理系统h/l接口EMERGENCY STOP PUSH BUTTON 紧急制动按钮。

词典学术语abbreviation缩略语abbreviative notation缩略标记abridged删节的，未足本的abridged dictionary节本词典abridgement删节，节本absolute equivalent绝对对应词absolute synonym绝对同义词abusage滥用abusive language辱骂语academic dictionary学术词典academic lexicography学术词典学academy dictionary学院词典accent mark重音号acceptability接受性acceptability rating接受等级access alphabet检索字母表access point检索项access structure检索结构acknowledges致谢项acrolect上层方言acronym首字母缩略词active dictionary积极词典，主动性词典active vocabulary积极词汇adjectival noun形容词性名词adjective complement形容词性补语adjective compound复合形容词adjunct附加性副词adnominal名词修饰语advanced searches高级搜索affix词缀affixation词缀法，词缀词agglutinative language黏着型语言alien word外来词allomorph语素变体allophone音位变体allusion典故alphabetic arrangement字母顺序排列alphabetic order字母顺序alphabetic sequence字母顺序alphabetic writing字母文字，拼音文字alphabetization按字母顺序排列alphanumeric combination字母数字组合词alphapedia字顺百科alternative lexicography另类词典学ambiguity歧义ambilogy双关语amelioration of meaning词义的扬升Americanism美国词语，美式英语Ampersand&号（=and）analogical dictionary类义词典analytic definition分析式释义analytic language分析型语言analytical ordering分析排列angle brackets尖括号animate noun生物名词，动物名词anisomorphism语言差异性antedating早于已摘录文献的引语anthroponymy人名学antidictionary反动词典appendix附录appreciative赞赏的，褒义的appropriateness得体性，适切性approximative equivalent近义对等词arch弓形符（即︵）archaic word古词archaism古体，古语archaizing dictionary仿古词典archeography古文献学archive引语档案areal linguistics区域语言学argot黑话arrow箭号article词条，条目artificial language人工语言asserted meaning陈述意义association联想association by contiguity相邻联想association by contrast对比联想association by similarity类似联想association group联想词群associational word联想词associative meaning联想意义asterisk星号（*）at单价号（@）attestation isolee个别使用attributive adjective修饰性形容词authentic example真确性例证authentication求证authenticity真实性author dictionary独编词典author’s dictionary作家词典automatic lemmatization自动归目automatic lexicography自动词典学autosemantic word自义词auxiliary verb助动词back clipping截尾缩略back matter附录部分，后文back matter structure附录结构back page material后页材料back-formation逆构词法backward dictionary逆序词典，倒排词典barbarism不纯正的词语，粗野语base词基，词根base structure基础结构base word词目base-repeating词根重叠释义法basic searches基本搜索basic sense基本义项basic vocabulary基本词汇basic word stock基本词汇bias word倾向性词语bias-free vocabulary无偏见词汇biblical expression圣经词语bibliography书目；目录学bidirectional dictionary双向双语词典bifunctional dictionary双功能词典big dictionary大型词典bilingual dictionary双语词典bilingual edition双解本，双解版bilingual learner’s dictionary双语学习词典bilingual lexicography双语词典学bilingual thesaurus双语分类词典bilingualized dictionary双解词典biographical dictionary人名词典biographical entry人名条目biographical lexicography人名词典学biographical sources传记资料blend混成词，拼缀词blending混成法，拼缀法；拼缀词bogey怪字bold-faced type黑体字borrowed word外借词borrowing借词bound equivalent局限对应词bound form黏附形式bound morpheme黏着词素bound root黏着词根braces大括号brackets方括号breve短音符bridge dictionary桥接词典British National Corpus英国国家语料库broad notation宽式标音法broad transcription宽式音标，宽式记音法browser浏览器buying guide购买指南cacography拼写错误cacology用词不当calque仿照词canonical form标准形式cant隐语，黑话capital letter大写字母caret脱字号（^）casual style随便语体，随意文本catachresis词语误用catchword眉词，导词categorical diversity范畴的差异性categorical equivalence范畴对应关系categorical identity范畴一致性categorization划分范畴，归类caution提醒号CD-ROM dictionary光盘词典censorship审查制度census普查，调查centered period分节点，音节号，中黑点（·）character dictionary字典character set字集check mark核对号（√）children’s dictionary儿童词典chronological dictionary序时词典circular definition循环释义circularity循环释义，互训circumflex音调符号，长音符号circumlocution迂回曲折表达法，遁词citation引语，书证，例证citation file引例档案classificatory label分类标注，类别标记clause idiom成语性分句cliché陈词滥调clipped form截短形式clipped word截短词clipping截短法close construction封闭结构closed combination封闭型组合closed corpus封闭式语料库closed-class words封闭性词类code代码codification编码coding代码化cognate同源词cognitive meaning认知意义coherence连贯性co-hyponym共下义词，共同受支配词coinage新造词语coined term新造术语coined word新造词，新创词college dictionary大学词典collegiate dictionary大学词典collocation搭配（关系）collocational information搭配信息collocative meaning搭配意义colloquial language口语colloquial standard口语标准语colloquial word口语词colloquialism口语词colorpedia彩图百科comb effect梳子效应combinatory possibility组合可能性combinatory variant组合变体combining form组合形式commercial dictionary商业词典common core vocabulary基本词汇，共有核心词汇common usage普通用法common word普通词compact dictionary缩印词典compact edition缩印版comparative lexicography比较词典学compilation（词典）编纂compiler编纂者compiler perspective编篡者视角complementaries互补反义词complete antonym完全反义词complete synonym完全同义词complex word复杂词componential analysis成分分析，义素分析composition合词法compound复合词compound word复合词，合成词compounding复合构词法comprehensive dictionary详解词典computational lexicography计算词典学computer lexicography计算机词典学conceptual connection概念联系conceptual dictionary概念词典conceptual meaning概念意义concise dictionary简明词典concordance语词索引confrontationist linguistics对照语言学conjunct连接性副词connotation隐含意义；附加意义；内涵connotative meaning内涵意义connotative style咨询文体content word实义词context语境context definition语境释义法context of situation言语环境，情景语境contextual definition语境释义contextual function语境功能contextual meaning语境意义contextual theory语境理论contract word缩写词contracted form,contraction缩写contradictory term对立性反义词contrast对称词contrastive analysis对比分析contrastive linguistics对比语言学conversion词类转化法conversive换位反义词cooccurrence同现cooccurrence relation同现关系cooccurrence restriction同现限制cooccurrence-range搭配cooccurrent meaning共现意义copying in dictionaries词典抄借copyright版权core group核心词群core sense核心义项core vocabulary核心词汇core word核心词co-reference互见corpus语料库corpus composition语料库的组成corpus correction语料库矫正corpus-orient lexicography语料库技术词典学correction矫正correctness正确性count noun可数名词countable noun可数名词coverage覆盖度creole混合语creolized language混合语cross reference互参，互见，交互参照cross-classification交叉结构cross-reference structure参见结构cryptogram密码cryptology隐语cultivated spoken language有教养的口头语言cultivated usage优雅用法cultural borrowing文化借用cultural context文化环境cultural dictionary文化词典cultural guide文化向导cultural lexicography文化词典学cultural-bound lexical item文化局限词汇项cultural-bound term(word)文化局限词cultural-loaded expression文化含义词cultural-specific vocabulary文化局限词汇culture-specific vocabulary文化局限词汇cuneiform,cuneiform writing楔形文字curtailed word缩短词cyclopedia百科全书cynicism挖苦语dagger剑号（┼）data bank数据库database数据库，资料库databases&audio-visual materials数据库与声像资料data-processing资料加工，数据处理dead affix废弃的词缀，废缀dead conjugation已经不用的词形变化形式dead language死语言dead metaphor死隐语dead word废词deadjective suffix附加于形容词的后缀deadjective verb来自形容词的动词declension（静词）词尾变化decode解码decoding dictionary解码词典decoding function解码功能de-etymologization词源中断definiendum被下定义的词语，被释词目definiens(pl.definientia)下定义用的词语，释义defining dictionary释义词典defining vocabulary(DV)定义用词汇，定义用词汇总表definition释义，定义deflexion词尾消失degeneration of meaning词义的降格deictic field指示范围denominal adjective来自名词的形容词denominal noun来自名词的名词denominal suffix附加于名词的后缀denominal verb来自名词的动词denotation所指意义，字面意义denotational meaning指称意义，所指意义denotative meaning外延意义denotatum(pl.denotata)所指客观对象density of entries词条密度derivation派生词；派生法derivation by zero suffix零位后缀派生法derivational affix派生词缀derivational antonym派生反义词derivational compound派生复合词derivational morpheme派生形素derivational suffix派生后缀derivative派生词derived form源出（<）derived sense派生义项derived stem派生词干deriving form派生形式derogatory贬损的，贬义的description描写descriptive dictionary描写性词典descriptive equivalent描写性对应词descriptive function描写功能descriptive trend描写性倾向descriptivism描写主义descriptor系索词，标志词designate定义，所指内容的组成designation指称意义designative word指称词designatum(pl.designata)所指内容desk dictionary案头词典desktop e-dictionary桌面电子词典desktop electronic-dictionary桌面电子词典deterioration of meaning词义降格，词义贬降determiner限定词deverbal adjective来自于动词的形容词deverbal noun来自于动词的名词deverbal suffix附加于动词的后缀diachronic approach历时角度diachronic dictionary历时词典diacritic变音符，附加符号diacritic sign附加符号diacritical mark变音符，附加符号diacritical marking符号标音法dialect dictionary方言词典dialect lexicography方言词典学dialectism方言词语diction措词dictionary词典，字典dictionary awareness词典意识dictionary criticism词典批评dictionary culture词典文化dictionary family词典家族dictionary for comprehension理解型词典dictionary for production生成型词典dictionary for speakers of the source language源语用户词典dictionary for speakers of the target language目的语用户词典dictionary for translation翻译词典dictionary form词典形式dictionary history词典史dictionary lookup词典查检dictionary maker词典编篡者dictionary making词典编篡dictionary meaning词典意义dictionary of proverbs谚语词典dictionary of the literary language书面语词典dictionary of the spoken language口语词典dictionary proper正文部分dictionary research词典研究dictionary review词典评论dictionary structure词典结构dictionary text词典语篇dictionary typology词典类型学dictionary use词典使用dictionary user词典使用者dictionary with bilingual双解词典dictionary word词典词didactic function教导功能differentia specifica属差differentia(pl.differentiae)种差differential dictionary区别性词典differential linguistics区别语言学diglossia双语现象diglottic level双语现象的变体diminutive指小（词）diminutive suffix指小后缀directories of agencies机构指南disambiguation消除歧义discourse meaning话语意义discrimination辨异，词义辨析disjunct分离性副词distinctive feature区别性特征distributional analysis分布分析法ditransitive verb双宾语动词ditto“同上”号（″）division into syllables分音节DJ丹尼尔▪琼斯标音法domesticated word归化词dominant sense主要意义double brackets双方括号double check双核对号（√）double dagger双剑号（╪）double scale组成一对的同义词double virgules双斜线号（//）doublet同源异体字echoic word拟声词edition版本editor编辑EFL lexicography英语作为外语的学习词典学electronic bilingual dictionary电子双语词典electronic dictionary电子词典electronic lexicography电子词典学elevation of meaning词义的扬升ellipsis省略号（…）ELT lexicography英语教学词典学emotive meaning情感意义emotive overtone感情色彩empirical ordering经验排列enclitic后接词encode编码，组码encoding dictionary编码词典encoding function编码功能encyclopedia百科全书encyclopedia definition百科释义encyclopedic dictionary百科词典encyclopedic entry百科条目encyclopedic matter百科信息English Philological Society英语语文协会entailed meaning蕴含意义entry条目，词条entry pane条目窗entry word词目ephemeral word瞬息新词equivalent对应词equivalent analogue等值的对应体ESL(English as second language)作为第二语言的英语ethnolinguistic bilingual dictionary人类语言学双语词典etymological dictionary词源词典etymology词源（学）euphemism委婉语everyday expression日常用语example,example-sentence例句exclamation mark感叹号exegetic dictionary注释词典exemplification括注法explanatory definition解说式释义explanatory equivanlent解释对等词explanatory gloss解释性说明explicit cross-reference明示互参extended sense引申意义extension外延extension of meaning语义扩大extinct language死语，死亡语extralinguistic context语言外语境familiar style非正式文体family of languages语系field场field theory词场理论field label学科标注figurative meaning比喻意义figurative speech比喻语figurative-metaphorical比喻隐喻的figure of speech修辞格file资料档案files of citation引例档案filler-in填空词fist参见号fixed accent固定重音fixed collocation固定搭配fixed phrase固定短语fixed stress固定重音fixed word-combination固定词组fixed word-order固定词序folk definition通俗释义folk etymology民俗词源，俗词源学folk speech民间语folk usage通俗用法folk-etymological民俗词源的forcing example强迫性例证foreign affix外来词缀foreign learner’s dictionary外国学习者词典foreign word外来词，外语词foreignism外来词语form of address称呼形式form speech正式言语form style正式文体form word形式词format板式，开本formative构词成分formulaic definition程式释义four-letter word四字母语，粗俗词语frame(structure)框架（结构）free combination自由组合free morpheme自由语素free root自由词根free translation意译free variant自由变体free variation自由变异free word order自由词序French quotes法文引号，书名号frequency词频frequency word-book频率词表front and back clipping对词的首部与尾部的缩略front clipping对词的首部的缩略front matter前页部分front matter,front page material前页，前页材料，（正文前的）材料frozen expression定型短语frozen style拘谨文体full homonym实足同形同音异义词full word实词，完全词function word功能词，虚词functional equivalent功能等值functional label功能标注functional language功能语言functional marker功能标记functional typology功能分类法functional varieties功能变体functional word功能词，虚词fuzzy terms模糊词语gazetteer地名索引，地名词典gem dictionary珍宝词典，精选词典general concordance普通词表general dictionary通用词典；普通词典generalization of meaning词的普遍化general-purpose bilingual dictionary综合性双语词典，通用双语词典general-purpose dictionary综合性（语文）词典general-purpose English dictionary综合性英语词典generative dictionary生成词典generic term类属词genus总属genus proximum近种geographical dictionary地理词典geographical entry地理条目geographical sources地理资料ghostword鬼词，别字giving synonyms同义词释义gleaning补遗gloss夹注，注释glossary注释词表，术语汇编glueword连接词gobbledygook官样文章Gothic writing哥特体字，黑体字governed word受支配词governing word支配词government publications政府出版物gradable adjective等级形容词grammar语法grammatical bound meaning受语法限制的意义grammatical coding语法代码grammatical collocation语法搭配grammatical context语法语境grammatical function语法功能grammatical information语法信息grammatical labeling语法代码grammatical marker语法标记grammatical motivation语法理据grammatical pattern语法模式grammatical sequence语法序列grammatically-partial word虚词graphic illustration插图，图解graphic substance形的实体graphic symbol书写符号guide word眉题，向导词habitual collocation习惯性搭配habitual co-occurrence习惯性同现handheld electronic dictionary掌上电子词典haplography掉字，漏写hard word难词head phrase词条headword词目heavy-duty word重负荷词hesitation-form犹豫形式hierarchical structure层级结构hierarchical system层级系统hieroglyphic writing象形文字high word高位词historical comparative linguistics历史比较语言学historical dictionary（按历史原则编写的）历史词典historical lexicography历史词典学historical ordering历史排列historical principle历史性原则historism历史词语homograph同形异义词homography同形异义homonym同音异义词，同形异义词homonymy同音异义，同形异义homophone mark同音号humorous幽默的hybrid混合词hybrid language混杂词hybrid word混合词，杂交词hyperonym总义词hypersemanticized discourse超语义化的说法hyphen连字符；隔音号hyphenated name连号hyphenation断词hyphenation routine连字法规则hypocoristic form爱称形式hypocoristic word爱称词hyponym下义词hyponymy下义关系identifying indication识别性说明ideogram表意文字ideographic symble表意符号ideographic writing表意文字ideography表意文字研究ideographical dictionary概念词典，义类词典ideographical function意识功能idiom习语，成语idiomatic expression习惯性词语idiomatic usage习惯用法idiomatics习语学，成语学illiterate language文盲用语illustration插图，例证illustrative citation例证，引证illustrative example说明性例句；例证illustrative quotation例证imitation binding仿古装帧imitative semantic change语义变化模仿immediate postpositive直接后置形容词implicative method隐含法implicit cross-reference暗示互参impolite word不礼貌用语imposition强加inappropriate不得体的indention缩格index索引index verborum词语出处索引indexation索引检索indexes&abstracts索引与摘要indexing language索引语言infix中缀inflected language屈折语inflection屈折变化inflectional affix屈折词缀inflectional language屈折语inflectional morpheme屈折词素inflectional variant屈折变体inflective language屈折语inflexion屈折变化inflexional ending词尾屈折inflexional language屈折语inflexional series屈折序列inflexional suffix屈折后缀informal style非正式文体informant语言调查合作人information card背景资料卡information category信息范畴information retrieval language情报检索语言informative dictionary知识性词典initial inflexion开首屈折initial part词首部分initialism首字母连写词inkhorn term学究气的用语innovation新造词insertible equivalent可插入对应词instruction manual说明手册instrument language古今语言instrumental case工具格intensifier强调成分interactive dictionary交互词典interface language接口语言interjection感叹词interlingual dictionary语际词典interlingual interference语际障碍interlingual purism语际语言纯正主义International Phonetic Alphabet(IPA)国际音标，国际音标注音法internationalism国际词intimate style亲昵语体intralingual purism内部语言纯正主义introspective example自省性例证invented example自造词irregular inflection不规则屈折形式italic斜体字italic bold-face type斜黑体jargon行话KK KK音标koine共通语，共同语language for specific purposes专门用途语言language notes语言说明language transfer语言迁移language typology语言类型学langue语言，语言系统latent word潜在词Latinism拉丁词语learned word文言词learner’s dictionary学生词典lemma词目lemma unit词目单位letter-by-letter arrangement纯字母排列法lexeme词汇单位；词位，词素，词项lexical词汇的，语词的lexical ambiguity词汇歧义；词汇模糊性lexical collocation词汇搭配lexical context词汇语境lexical density词汇密度lexical entry词项，语词条目lexical equivalent词义对应词lexical expression词汇表达方式lexical field词汇场lexical gap词汇空缺lexical grammar词汇语法lexical item词汇单位；词位，词素，词项lexical meaning词汇意义lexical set词群，词集lexical stock词汇总库lexical unit词汇单位lexical word词汇词lexicographer词典学家，词典编篡者lexicographese词典用语lexicographic context词典语境lexicography词典学，词典编篡，词典编篡学lexicology词汇学lexicon词典（尤指古代语言的词典）；词库ligature连音符lingua franca混合语，通用语，交际语linguistic context语言语境linguistic dictionary语文词典linguistic matter语言信息linguistic typology硬译分类学linguistics across culture跨文化语言学literal error排字错误，印刷错误literal meaning字面意义literal translation直译，硬译literary书面语literary language文学语言literary standard文学标准语literary word书面词语live suffix活后缀living affix现在通用的词缀living conjugation“活”的（词形）变化living language现用语言，活语言living word现在通用的词汇loan blend借词混成词，借词拼缀词loan shift转用借词loan translation翻译借词，仿译词loan word借词，外来词local dialect地方方言locution措词logical definition逻辑式定义logical ordering逻辑排列logographic lexicon字典logography速记符long vowel长元音lower-case letter小写字母（印刷用语）LSP lexicography专业英语词典学machine-readable dictionary机读词典machine-aided lexicography机助词典学macro-lexicography宏观词典学macron长音符（加在元音上的“-”）macrostructure宏观结构made-up example自造例main word主导词majuscule大写字母makeshift language代用语言malformation构词错误，误构manual手册maps&atlases地图与地图集marginal meaning外延意义mark,marker标记master index总索引meaning意义meaning discrimination词义辨析meaning-oriented principle意义中心原则means of access检索途径measure adjective度量形容词measure noun度量名词mechanical dictionary电脑词典mediostructure中间结构medium dictionary中型词典megastruture整体结构metalanguage元语言metalexicography元词典学metaphor隐喻metaphoric meaning比喻意义，喻义metaplasm词形变异methodology方法论metonymy换喻，转喻microcontext微观语境microglossary微词典microlexicography微观词典学microstructure微观结构middle matter正文部分midline dot分节点mixed language混合语modal verb情态动词mode式momentary event verb瞬间动作动词monolingual dictionary单语词典monolingual lexicography单语词典学monosemic word单义词monosemy单义性moribund language垂死语言morpheme语素morpheme word语素词morphemic arrangement语素顺序排列morphemic dictionary词素词典morphemical mark形态符号morphology词法morphology label词法标注mother tongue negative transfer母语负迁移motional verb动作动词motivated word有理据的词motivation of word词的理据multi-lingual dictionary多语词典multilingual lexicography多语词典学multi-media dictionary多媒体词典multiword lexical unit多单词词位，复词词汇单位narrow Romic严式罗密克音标narrow transcription严式音标，窄式记音法narrowed meaning狭义narrowing词义缩小native affix本族词缀native language本族语native speaker说本族语的人native speaker’s dictionary本族语词典native word本族词natural language自然语言near-synonym近义词negative transfer负迁移neoclassic formation新古典词的构词法neoclassic word新古典词neologism新词nest(ing)派生词群nest-alphabetic method词集字母排列法nil-equivalent零对应词，无对应词noetics义位学nomenclature术语集nominal definition名目定义nonce-word临时词non-designative非指称词non-echoic word非拟声词non-gradable adjective非等级形容词non-historical dictionary非历史词典non-insertible equivalent非插入对应词non-productive无构词能力的non-restrictive collocation非限制性搭配nonstandard非标准（用语）normal dictionary传统词典normative dictionary规范词典normative lexicography规范性词典学notional passive意义上被动notional system概念系统notional word实义词noun名词noun adjunct附加名词noun cluster名词词组noun compound复合名词noun of multitude群体名词noun-drivative派生名词now rare目前少用nuance细微差别numbered clause分节号（§）numeral数词object宾语object language目的语，对象语言obsolescent陈旧的obsolete已废的obsolete affix废缀obsolete word旧词obsoletism已废弃的词语one-phrase definition单一短语释义法one-to-one correspondence一一对应one-to-one equivalent一一对等on-line dictionary在线词典，网络词典onomasiological gap词汇空缺；名称空缺onomasiology定名学onomasticon专名词典onomatopoeic word拟声词open combination开放型组合open corpus开放式语料库open-class words开放性词类opposite meaning对立意义optional variant随意变体oratorical style演说文体ordinal number序数词ordinals序数词orthographic criterion书写标准orthographic syllable拼法音节orthography正字法，拼写法ostensive definition直观定义ostensive definition直观释义法output language输出语outside matter正文外部分overall-descriptive dictionary全面描写词典over-defining过度释义P marker短语标记pagination页码检索paper dictionary纸质词典paradigm（名词、动词等的）词形变化表paragraph分节号（§）；段落；段落号（▪）parallel bars平行号（║）parent language母语，源语parentheses圆括号parole言语paronym形似词partial conversion部分词类转化partial equivalent部分对应词partial homonym部分同音同形异义词participle分词particle小品词，语助词parts of speech词类parts-of-speech label词性标注passive dictionary被动型词典，消极词典patois土话pedagogical dictionary教学词典pedagogical lexicography教学词典学pejorative轻蔑词pejorative epithet表贬损的修饰语pejorative suffix贬义后缀perfect antonym完全反义词perfect equivalence完全对等perfect equivalent完全对等词perfect homonym完全同音同形异义词period句号period dictionary断代词典period lexicography断代词典学peripheral kinds of vocabulary边缘性词汇peripheral language外围语periphrastic definition迂回定义peroration of meaning词义的降格personal suffix人称后缀phantom word幻象词phenomenological typology现象分类法philological bilingual dictionary语文学双语词典philological dictionary语文词典philology语文学phoneme音位，音素phonemic notation音标，音位标音法phonemic transcription音位标音phonemic word音位词phonemics音位学，音素学phonetic acronym语音缩写词phonetic alphabet音标，语音字母phonetic change语音演变phonetic convergence音变的汇合phonetic hyphen隔音号（-）phonetic motivation拟声理据phonetic pattern语音模式phonetic spelling表音拼写法phonetic syllable语音音节phonetic symbol音标，音符phonetic transcription注音，标音法phonetic writing拼音文字phoneticism音标拼词法phonographic alphabet表音字母phonology音系学，音位学phrasal verb短语动词phrase短语，词组phrase clipping短语略写phrase idiom惯用短语phrase marker短语标记phraseological dictionary熟语词典phraseological lexicography熟语词典学phraseology熟语，熟语集phrasing措词pictograph象形文字pictographic writing图画文字pictorial arrangement图式顺序排列pictorial dictionary图画词典pictorial illustration插图pidgin混杂语pidgin English洋泾浜英语plurality复数性，多重性plurilingual多语种的plurilingualism多语制pocket dictionary袖珍词典pocket electronic dictionary掌上电子词典poetic word诗歌用语poetical archaic word诗用古词poetry诗体poetism诗体词语polite formulas礼貌套语polylingual多语种的polylingual dictionary多语种对照词典polylingualism多语制polyseme,polysemous word多义词（现象）polysemy多义现象，一词多义polysyllable多音节词polytechnic dictionary科技词典popular etymology俗词源学popular language俗语popular word俗语词portmanteau word紧缩词post-modifier后置修饰语postpositive后置形容词pragmalinguistics语用语言学pragmatic analysis语用分析pragmatic equivalent语用对应词pragmatic failure语用失误pragmatics语用学predeterminer前置限定词predicative表语preface序言prefix前缀prefixation加前缀premodifier前置修饰语prescriptive规范性的prescriptive dictionary规范词典prescriptive grammar规定语法prescriptive lexicography规定性词典学prescriptive trend规定性倾向prescriptivism规定主义present participle现在分词presentational affix表义词缀presentational or tectonic typology表述（或构造）分类法primary accent主重音primary linguistic data第一手语言资料primary meaning本义primitive原始词principal language主体语言print dictionary印刷型词典printing印刷proclitic后接发音词productive activity（说、写等）产出性活动productive affix有派生能力的词缀，派生词缀productive bilingual dictionary能产性双语词典productive dictionary产出型词典productive function产出功能productivity能产性pronominal adjective代词性形容词pronouncing dictionary发音词典pronunciation key发音表prototype原型proverb谚语provincial standard地方标准punctuation mark标点符号punning双关语purism语言纯正主义purrword褒词quadrilingual dictionary四语词典quasi-normative bilingual dictionary准规范化双语词典quasi-synonym准同义词quasi-synoymous word准同义词questionnaire问卷，调查表quotation书证quotation mark引号radiation（词义的）辐射radical词根，部首radical flexion词根屈折radical language词根语radical sense原始义range of application使用范围range of collocation搭配范围rare罕用reading programme阅读项目real definition真实定义realization体现关系Received Pronunciation(RP)标准发音receptive activity接收活动receptive function接收功能receptor language接收语reciprocal dictionary互补词典reciprocal relation相互关系reduced entry减缩词条reduplication重叠reduplicative word重叠词reference参见reference book工具书reference dictionary查考型词典reference matter检索信息reference mark检索符号reference need检索目的reference skill检索技巧reference unit检索单位referent所指事物，词目所指的对象referential definition所指释义referential meaning information所指意义referential pragmatics指代语用学referential symbolism所指符号refinement修饰reflected meaning发射意义regional word地区性词regionalism区域词语register域register label语域标注relational word关系词relative synonym相对同义词，近义词reroute重新查找respelling schemes重拼法respelling system重拼发音符号系统restricted language限制性语言restriction of meaning词义的限制restrictive collocation限制性搭配reverse dictionary逆序词典rheme述位rhyming dictionary音韵词典Roman type正体字root词根root antonym词根反义词root inflexion词根屈折root form词根形式，根式round brackets圆括号runic writing北欧古代文字running head向导词run-on(entry)副词目，内词条sandhi连读变音scholarly dictionary学术词典schoolboy slang学生俚语scientific terminology科技术语search检索，搜索searching window检索窗secondary accent次重音，次重音号secondary compound二次复合词secondary derivative次派生词secondary language第二语言secondary meaning次要意义secondary morpheme-word次语素词secondary phoneme次音位secondary stress次重音segmental dictionary部分语词词典，特种语词词典selection of entries(articles)选条selection of head characters选字selection of headwords选词selection preference选择倾向selection restriction选择限制sell-aware form自觉形式semantic affinity语义一致semantic arrangement语义顺序排列semantic coincidence语义重合semantic component语义成分semantic condensation语义缩合semantic contradiction语义矛盾semantic contrast语义对比semantic criterion语义标准semantic dictionary主题词典semantic divergence词义分化semantic extension语义扩展semantic factor语义因素semantic field语义场semantic function语义功能semantic glosses语义注释semantic inclusion语义包容semantic intersection语义交叉semantic marker语义标记semantic motivation语义理据semantic properties语义特征semantic prototype model语义原型模式semantic shift语义演变semantics语义学sememe义素semi-bilingual半双解semicolon分号semiology,semiotics符号学semi-unabridged dictionary半足本词典sense义项sense discrimination义项区分sense relation义项关系sentence connector连接词sentence idiom成语性句子sentence pattern句型sentence substitute替代词set expression固定词语shades of meaning语义色彩shift sign移位符（加在元音上的符号，如︵，′）short cuts词义速查short vowel短音符shortening缩短法signification词义singularity单数性slang俚语slang dictionary俚语词典slang expression俚语词语slang word俚语词slant斜线号（/）slip资料卡small capital小大写small dictionary小型词典snarl word贬词social dialect社会方言social-situational feature社会情景特征social-cultural meaning社会文化意义sociopragmatic information社会语用信息sociopragmatics社会语用学solecism语法错误solid compound固定复合词sound pattern语音模式sound shift语音演变sound system语音系统sound-variation语音变异source蓝本sources of statistics统计资料speaker-meaning说话人的用意special dictionary专科词典special lexicography专科词典学special pages专题页special-field dictionary专科词典specialized dictionary专门词典specialized meaning专用义specific term/word狭义词specifying gloss规定性注释speech act言语行为speech level label语言层次标注speech mechanism言语机制speech recognition言语识别speech repertoire活用语言库。

计算机专业常用英语摘要：计算机专业的学习和工作需要掌握一定的英语知识，本文介绍了一些计算机专业常用的英语词汇和表达，包括计算机硬件、软件、网络、编程、数据库等方面的内容，以及一些常见的缩略词和符号。

本文旨在帮助计算机专业的学生和从业者提高英语水平，更好地学习和交流计算机相关的知识。

一、计算机硬件计算机硬件（computer hardware）是指计算机系统中的物理设备，包括输入设备、输出设备、存储设备、处理器等。

下表列出了一些常见的计算机硬件的英文名称和中文对照。

英文名称中文名称keyboard键盘mouse鼠标monitor显示器printer打印机scanner扫描仪speaker音箱microphone麦克风disk磁盘CD-ROM光盘USB通用串行总线CPU中央处理器RAM随机存取存储器ROM只读存储器motherboard主板graphics card显卡sound card声卡二、计算机软件计算机软件（computer software）是指由程序和数据组成的指令集，用于控制计算机系统的运行。

计算机软件可以分为系统软件（system software）和应用软件（application software）两大类。

系统软件是指为管理计算机系统本身而设计的软件，如操作系统（operating system）、编译器（compiler）、驱动程序（driver）等。

应用软件是指为满足用户特定需求而设计的软件，如文字处理（word processing）、电子表格（spreadsheet）、图像处理（image processing）、游戏（game）等。

下表列出了一些常见的计算机软件的英文名称和中文对照。

英文名称中文名称Windows Windows 操作系统Linux Linux 操作系统macOS macOS 操作系统英文名称中文名称Android Android 操作系统iOS iOS 操作系统Microsoft Word微软 WordMicrosoft Excel微软 ExcelMicrosoft PowerPoint微软 PowerPointAdobe Photoshop Adobe PhotoshopAdobe Illustrator Adobe IllustratorAdobe Premiere Adobe PremiereAdobe Acrobat Adobe Acrobat三、计算机网络计算机网络（computer network）是指由多台计算机通过通信设备和通信线路互连起来，实现资源共享和信息传递的系统。

，信息科学与电子工程专业英语缩略词CCD Charged Coupled Device电荷耦合器件LAN Local Area Network局域网WAN Wide Area Network广域网MAN Metropolitan Area Network城域网ARP Address Resolution Protocol地址解析协议RARP Reverse Address Resolution Protocol逆地址解析协议EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read - Only Memory电可擦可编程只读存储器ROM Read Only Memory只读存储器RAM Random Access Memory随机存取存储器DRAM Dynamic Random Access Memory动态随机存取存储器SRAM Static Random Access Memory静态随机存储器FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array现场可编程门阵列MPEG Motion Picture Experts Group运动图象专家组JPEG Joint Photographic Expert Group联合图象专家组TIFF Tagged Image File Format标记图像文件格式UHF Ultra High Frequency超高频VHF Very High Frequency甚高频RF Radio Frequency射频FDM Frequency-Division Multiplexing频分复用TDM Time Division Multiplexing时分复用USB Universal Serial Bus 通用串行总线CDPD Cellular Digital Packet Data蜂窝数字分组数据UDP User Datagram Protocol用户数据报协议SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol 简单邮件传送协议QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation 正交幅度调制ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit专用集成电路ACSI Abstract Communication Service Interface 抽象通信服务接口SSL Secure Socket Layer安全套接层MIDI Musical Instrument Digital Interface乐器数字化接口IC Integrated Circuit 集成电路FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access频分多址TDMA Time Division Multiple Address时分多址PCM Pulse - Code Modulation脉冲编码调制HTTP Hyper Text Transfer Protocol超文本传输协议ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode异步传输模式TACS Total Access Communication System全接入通信系统GPRS General Packet Radio Service 通用分组无线业务LED Light Emitting Diode发光二极管LCD Liquid Crystal Display 液晶显示屏DDR Double Data Rate双倍数据速率CMOS Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor互补金属氧化物半导体FET Field Effect Transistor 场效应晶体管MOSFET Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network综合业务数字网NMTS Nordic Mobile Telephone System 北欧移动电话系统CDMA Code Division Multiple Access码分多址PAL Programmable Array Logic可编程阵列逻辑AC Alternating Current交流电DC Direct Current直流电EDGE Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution增强型全球数据发展速率DSP Digital Signal Processor数字信号处理器Digital Signal Processing 数字信号处理TCP Transmission Control Protocol传输控制协议EDA Electronic Design Automation电子设计自动化FDD Frequency Division Duplex 频分双工GSM Global System for Mobile Communication全球移动通讯系统。