从句中的省略用法
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宾语从句中引导词的省略和替代技巧在英语语法中,宾语从句是由一个引导词引导的从句,该从句作为动词的宾语。
然而,在实际的交流中,我们有时可以省略或替代宾语从句中的引导词,以简化语句结构或更加自然地表达意思。
本文将介绍宾语从句中引导词的省略和替代技巧。
一、省略引导词的情况1. “that” 的省略:在宾语从句中,如果引导词是“that”,且从句中的主语是句子的主语,则可以将“that”省略。
例如:- She said (that) she was tired.- He believes (that) they will win the game.2. “whether” 的省略:在宾语从句中,如果引导词是“whether”,且从句中的主语是动词的主语,则可以将“whether”省略。
例如:- He asked (whether) she had finished her homework.- I don't know (whether) they will come to the party.3. “if” 的省略:在宾语从句中,如果引导词是“if”,且从句中的主语是动词的主语,则可以将“if”省略。
例如:- He wonders (if) she is happy.- I doubt (if) it will rain tomorrow.二、替代引导词的情况1. “that” 的替代:在宾语从句中,除了直接省略“that”之外,还可以使用一些代替词来引导宾语从句,例如“whether”和“if”。
例如:- She wonders whether she should go to the party.- He asked if she had seen the movie.2. “what” 的替代:当宾语从句中的内容具体表示某事物或事实时,可以用“what”来替代整个从句。
例如:- I don't know what time it is.(我不知道现在是几点。
英语中几种常用省略的用法总结省略在英语语言的应用非常广泛,其中有很多常用的省略用法。
下面总结一下以往常见的一些省略形式:一、表示未表达完整的缩写1、单字缩写。
如: is,>’s; has,>’s; have,>’ve;I,>I’m; he,>he’s; she,>she’s; do,>do’s;does,>does’s; am,>am’s2、多字缩写。
如:are not,>aren’t; cannot,>can’t; do not,>don’t; will not,>won’t; have not,>haven’t; would not,>wouldn’t; could not,>couldn’t; shouldnot,>shouldn’t; it is,>it’s; that is,>that’s; there is,>there’s二、表示不完整词组的省略1、定语从句中的省略。
如:(1) All the students (who are) present here are eager to study.(2) This is the reason (why) he decided to quit his job.2、表示概念的省略。
如:(1) TV and radio (programmes).(2) To do more exercise (is beneficial to your health).三、表示句子成分的省略1、宾语的省略。
如:(1) I like to read (books).(2) He gave me an answer (to my question).2、表语的省略。
如:(1) He is a teacher (of English).(2) The weather today is (very) hot.3、主语的省略。
定语从句的省略形式和省略形式在句子中的位置和作用在英语中,定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
它可以为句子提供更多的信息,在复杂句结构中起到非常重要的作用。
除了完整表达的定语从句,还存在省略形式的定语从句,即在句子中省略一部分信息的定语从句。
本文将探讨定语从句的省略形式以及省略形式在句子中的位置和作用。
一、省略形式的定语从句定语从句可以通过省略一些关系词和谓语动词来简化表达。
常见的省略形式包括:1. 省略关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中,关系代词"who/whom/whose/which/that"和关系副词"where/when/why"可以被省略,留下的是相应的介词短语,如:- The man (who/that) I saw yesterday is my teacher.- The book (which/that) I bought yesterday is very interesting.- The school (where) I study is very big.这些省略形式可以使句子更加简洁,但需要注意上下文的语境,使对方能够理解省略的内容。
2. 省略谓语动词在定语从句中,有时可以省略谓语动词,特别是在句子中已经有主谓结构时。
例如:- The house (that/which) is being repaired is mine.(修复中的是我的房子。
)- The car (that/which) was stolen has been found.(被盗的车已经找到了。
)这种省略形式可以节省时间和空间,让句子更加简洁明了。
二、省略形式在句子中的位置和作用省略形式的定语从句可以出现在名词的前面或后面,起到修饰名词的作用。
1. 省略形式在名词前修饰在这种情况下,省略形式的定语从句位于被修饰名词的前面,如:- The girl (who/that) I met yesterday is my friend.(我昨天遇到的那个女孩是我的朋友。
一:状语从句中的省略省略句的规则1.当从句的主语和主句的主语一致(或者从句的主语为it).2.从句谓语中包含be动词.如:be doing,be done, be to do, be +adj在此种情况下可以省去从句的主语和be动词.保留be之后的部分,被保留部分常为现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词等。
1. Don’t speak until(you are)spoken to .2. I’ll buy a TV set if (it is )necessary.3. While( I was )walking walking alone in the street, I heard my name called. raised his hand as if (he was ) to say something.二:常见的几种状语从句的省略1.when,while,as, until引导的时间状语从句的省略while(they are)visiting the city.they reeeived a warm welcomwhen(he was)asked why he was late,he kept silent.●注意After finishing his homework,he went home happily.Before being repaired, the TV set needs a careful examination.2.if,unless,once引导的条件状语从句的省略Onee(it is)begun.it must be done well.Unless(you are invited) to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.Correct mistakes, if any.3.though,although,even if,even though引导的让步状语从句的省略Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to university.4.as though,as if,as引导的方式状语从句的省略He shook his head as if (he was)to say: “Don’t trust her”. She left the room hurriedly as if( she was) angry.He stared at the girl as if (he was) seeing her for the first time.You should finish the homework as (you are)required.5. than引导的比较状语从句的省略They sent us much more materials than required.1._____________________ (在北京的时候), I paid a visit to the Summer Palace.2. ____________________(当是个年轻人的时候), Abraham Lincoln was a storekeeper and a postmaster.has no money_____(要是有的话), he will give us. (除非修理), the machine is of no use.5. _______________________(要是给更多的关注), The boy could have turned out better.6. A girl stood at the gate of the school as if _________ _____________________(跟老师讲话).7.这次展览比预料的有趣.8..她张开嘴好象要大哭起来.9.除非邀请,否则我不会去参加这次晚会.10.明天早点起来,要是不起来的话,你就赶不上第一班车了.11当我在做作业时,我听到有人喊救命.12.他篮球打得即使没你好,也起码一样好.________ , the museum will open to the public next year . (complete)flowers his friend gave him will die unless _______every day. (water)3. The boss, not the workers should be responsible for the accident. They just carriedout the order as__(tell4. When _______what they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important andloved. ( ask)day while ________(work) at the cash register in the gift shop,I saw an elderly couple.(finish),the knot looks identical from both the front and back.promise to take action,_____needed, to maintain financial stability in the euro area asa whole.building was still shaking while I_______(walk) along the road.is like money: easier made than _____ .(keep)I was at your age my father told me that I should go and work wherever ____ most. (need)二since,before,after引导的状语从句有时可以变成介词短语或分词短语。
定语从句中关系词省略的6种情形关系词有时可以省略,但这只限于限制性定语从句中,在非限制性定语从句中,关系词则不可省略。
一、关系代词作宾语时的省略当关系代词who,whom,which和that在定语从句中用作动词宾语或介词位于句末时的介词宾语时,可以省略。
如:Is there anything (which) you wanted?想要什么东西吗?Who is the man (that / who / whom) you were talking to?刚才和你讲话的人是谁?二、关系代词作表语时的省略当关系代词that在定语从句中用作表语时,可以省略。
如:China is not the country (that) it was.中国已不是过去的中国了。
(that作表语)三、关系代词作宾补时的省略当关系代词that在定语从句中用作宾语补足时,可以省略。
如:I’m not the madman (that) you thought me.我并不是你所认为的那个疯子。
(that作宾语补语)四、关系副词when的省略用作时间状语的关系副词when通常不能省略,但有一种特殊情况,即用于day, year, time等少数几个词后时可以省略(也可换成that)。
如:That was the year (that) I first went abroad.就是那一年我第一次出国了。
I’ll never forget the day (that) we met.我永远也忘不了我们见面的那一天。
五、关系副词where的省略用作地点状语的关系副词where通常不能省略,但有一种特殊情况,即用于place,somewhere, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere少数几个词后时可以省略(也可换成that)。
如:This is the place (where) they met yesterday.这就是他们昨天碰头的地方。
从句的省略规则从句是在句子中充当一个整体,起到修饰、表达具体含义的作用。
在使用从句的时候,有时候可以采用省略规则,即省略一些不必要或重复的成分,使句子更加简洁明了。
本文将介绍从句的省略规则,帮助读者更好地理解和运用这一语法现象。
一、主语从句的省略在主语从句中,如果主句的主语与从句的主语一致,且从句的谓语动词是be动词(am,is,are,was,were),可以将从句的主语省略。
例句1:That he is talented is well known.(从句的主语he省略)例句2:Whether she can come or not is still unknown.(从句的主语she省略)二、宾语从句的省略在宾语从句中,如果从句的主语和主句的宾语一致,且从句的谓语动词是be动词,可以将从句的主语和be动词省略。
例句1:I don't know if he's ready.(从句的主语he和be动词省略)例句2:She wonders whether it's true or not.(从句的主语it和be动词省略)三、宾语补足语从句的省略在宾语补足语从句中,如果从句的主语和主句的宾语补足语一致,且从句的谓语动词是be动词,可以将从句的主语和be动词省略。
例句1:They elected him chairman, which was a wise choice.(从句的主语which和be动词省略)例句2:We made her the team captain, which turned out to be a mistake.(从句的主语which和be动词省略)四、定语从句的省略在定语从句中,当从句的主语和关系代词或关系副词引导的介词宾语一致时,可以将从句的主语和关系代词或关系副词省略。
例句1:The book I borrowed from the library is very interesting.(从句的主语I省略)例句2:The girl I saw at the party is my best friend.(从句的主语I省略)五、状语从句的省略在状语从句中,当从句的主语和主句的主语一致,且从句的谓语动词是be动词,可以将从句的主语和be动词省略。
省略在状语从句中的运用
这个句子开头就是从属连词while后面直接加了v-ed短语,那么咱们就可以判断这里出现了状语从句省略,咱们直接找到省略的主语,即主句的主语就可以理解这个句子了。
主句主语为Japaneseeducation,所以整句话翻译为“虽然日本教育常常因为它重视基础而受到外国人的称赞,但是它往往重视应试和机械性学习,而忽视了创造力和自我表达”。
我们发现,找到省略的主语后这个句子就容易理解了。
以上就是状语从句的第一种省略--省略主语。
接下来为大家介绍第二种省略,就是把从句的主语和从属连词一起省略了,就变成了分词短语+句子。
比如上面的第一个句子,就变成了Beingdiligent,hepassestheexam.那么如何理解呢?第一步先找主干主语,然后再去判断从属连词是什么即可。
一上来我们看到v-ing 短语+句子,就可以判断这里出现了状语从句的省略。
先找主干主语,为Whorf,那么这个句子翻译为“Whorf对于语言和思维的关系感兴趣,他提出了一个观点,认为一个社会中语言的结构决定了思维的结构”。
翻译过来以后,我们可以发现主从句存在因果关系,所以省略的从属连词为because。
整个句子最终译为“因为Whorf对于语言和思维的关系感兴趣,所以他提出了一个观点,认为一个社会中语言的结构决定了思维的结构”。
定语从句中省略的情况定语从句中省略的情况在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
以下内容是店铺为您精心整理的定语从句中省略的情况,欢迎参考!定语从句中省略的情况一Which 和that同为关系代词,都可指物,并且有时会觉得用that 也可以,用which 也没错。
但在哪些情况下是只能用which的呢?1.在非限定性定语从句中,无论如何也不能用thatA.This brunch of carnation, which is wound by silk ribbon ,is the first gift to my mom.这束康乃馨是送给妈妈的第一份礼物,它被丝带所缠绕。
B.These books,which you can get at any corner of the town will give you all the information.这本书你可以在镇里的各个角落获取得到,它会给你所有的信息。
2.关系代词前面出现介词时A.Those days in which you could travel without a passport has gone.那些你不用带护照可以旅行的日子一去不复返了。
B.That`s the motel at which we stayed several years ago.那是我们许多年以前停留的汽车旅馆。
(此处which不可替换为that)3.当先行词本身为that(指代)时A.what about that which had appeared in recent activities.那个怎么样,在最近的活动中出现过. (结合具体语境看that所指代的是)B.The knowledge are from various fields and that which display the waves of human being.知识来自不同领域并且它也彰显这人类的智慧。
宾语从句that省略情况在考研英语长句阅读中,我们常常会遇到连接词that省略的情况。
而一旦省略,对同学们的从句识别和判定会带来一定的困难,从而影响阅读的`理解和翻译。
本文我们就来看一下,三种从句中连接词that省略用法的几种情况。
一、that引导定语从句,在从句中充当成分。
1. that在定语从句中作宾语时,往往可以省略。
例如:(1)john once talked to his mom about the cities (that) he had visited abroad.在从句中that作visit的宾语,故可以省略。
(2)the homework (that )i finished last night was left at home.在从句中that作finish的宾语,故可以省略。
2. that在定语从句中作主语时,不可省略。
如:(1)the teacher that is kind to us goes back home very late every day.(2)my old school that was located in the suburban was razed to the ground.3.that在鼓励限定性定语从句时,有时相等于in which, at which, for which或on which, 并且在从句中可以省略。
例如:(1)attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way (that ) (in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed.(2)i like the music for the very reason (that ) (for which) he dislike it.(3)we arrived the day (that ) (on which) they left.二、that鼓励名词性从句时,当好连词,本身并无实际意义。
从句中的省略用法
省略是一种避免重复、突出关键词并使上下文紧密衔接的语法手段。
在英语中,从句的省略经常使用,如果不了解这些省略用法,很可能导致对句意的误解。
从句的省略一般有以下几种情况:
一、状语从句中的省略
情况一:在状语从句中,如果从句的主语与主句的主语一致,并且从句中含有be动词,通常可以把从句中的主语和be动词一起省略,构成“连词+分词”的形式。
分词与主语间为主动关系,用现在分词,即doing的形式;被动关系则用过去分词,即done的形式。
我们所熟悉的条件、时间、方式、让步、比较等状语从句均可使用省略形式。
常用到的连词有when,oilce,if,unless,though,as,than,as if等。
但是,引导时间状语从句的after和before,不能适用于这种形式,他们要么用来引导完整的从句,要么充当介词,后面接名词、代词、动名词。
1.When_____________, the museum will be open to thepublic next year.省略pleted
B.being completed
C.eompleting
D.be completed正确答案是A。
4、Unless___________to speak, you should remain silentat the conference.
A.invited
B.inviting
C.being invited
D.baving invited正确答案是A。
5.The reserch is so designed that once__________nothing can be done to change it.
A.being
B.having begun
C.beginning
D.begun正确答案是D。
7.They came earlier than
A.expeeting
B.expeeted
C.being expected
D.to be expected正确答案是C。
8.The actor threw himself from the horse, as if
A.to be shot
B.being shot
C.shooting
D.shot正确答案是D。
9.The man we followed suddenly stopped to lookaround as if for something.
A.looking for
B.having looked
C.to have looked
D.to look正确答案是A。
情况二:when/whenever/if/+it is+adj. (如
necessary,possible...)时,常省略it is ,保留“连词+adj.形式。
例如:You can drop in and have a chat with mewhenever (it is) convenient to yourself.
10.Don't always say "yes"or"no".
Explain__________possible.
A.whenever
B.whatever
C.however
D.whichever正确答案是c。
二、定语从句中的省略
在定语从句中,如果从句主语和主句的主语一致,或者省略主语完全可以达意时,通常进得省略,构成“引导词+不定式”的形式。
1.My dream is to have a car of my
own,______________totravel to any place I like.
A.that Kin which
C.by which
D.how正确答案是B。
2. Bella had inly 1.87 dollars, ________to buy a prerent for her husband, Jim.
A.with which
B.in which
C.by which
D.with it正确答案是A。
三“疑问句+to do”形式的省
实际上是一个含有should的从句的省略,具有名词短语的作用,在句子中作主语、宾语或表语。
例如:I don't know how to answer it.(作宾语)
Can you decide which one to buy?(作宾语)
When to finish the job is not deeided.(作主语)
Whether to go out for an outing depends on theweather.(作主语)
总之,省略现象常在选择题、完形填空题和改错题中出现,在阅读理解文章里也是很普遍的一种语法现象,通过以上总结,大家在学习中不断地再认识和摸索,一定能够提高自己的理解能力。