英语国家概况

课号：DK5Y03A 课程名称：英语国家概况阅卷教师：班级：12英语1班学号：124175207 姓名：丁孜悦成绩：American University ApplicationAbstract：There are public and private universities in US. The system of higher education in the US has three basic functions: teaching, research and public service. Both public and private institutions have administrations. How does the process operate to choose applicants. Things you should know and pay attention to.Key words:Choose,public,private,difference,clarification,famous,admission,board,tuition,steps,choo se the major, take the examination, select the right university, prepare for your application, scores, interests, ability, active, outgoing, mentalityWith the development of economy, more and more students tend to study in the United States in view of studying in America have cheap tuition and fees, wide geographic distribution, convenient locations, flexible curriculum structures, and availability of financial aid through government loans and grants and private scholarships. What’s the system of American higher education? How does an American university choose its applicants? What qualifications should students have？There are different types of universities available in the United States for applicants from different social and economic background. Some universities are public and others are private. Usually the public schools are larger than private ones in size, and financially supported and governed by states or communities. While private ones are supported by religious groups, or nonreligious private organizations or individuals. In the United States, the private universities outnumber public ones. Among them, they are clarified as research universities, doctoral universities, comprehensive universities, liberal arts universities, junior and technical课号：DK5Y03A 课程名称：英语国家概况阅卷教师：班级：12英语1班学号：124175207 姓名：丁孜悦成绩：universities and Bible universities.Both public and private institutions have administrations, it takes them a major part of their time to try hard to find resources to support their institutions. The administrations of most colleges and universities are quite separate from that of the schools. Moreover, all universities in most states, no matter private and public, have its separate university boards for higher education. And they are governed by a board of trustees which is composed primarily of layman. The board has total authority as the legal body responsible for the institution, reviews all major decision made by the administration, and approves budgets and sales of real estate and other major items of property. One difference between boards of public and private institutions is that boards of public institutions are usually much smaller, made up of 5 to 20 members and averaging 9, while private institution boards are commonly much larger, up to 50 to 60 members and averaging 28 members.Then I want to introduce the famous school as we all know:Harvard University, which is established in 1636 in Cambridge, setting up faculty of theology, liberal arts, law, education, business administration, public management, design, medical and so on. It is famous for its teaching level and proficiency level. Yale University, which is established in 1701 in New Haven and famous for its medical science and law. Princeton University, which is established in 1746. That is one of the oldest universities in the United States. These three schools are considered as the hardest to apply for in the United States.Massachusetts Institute of Technology, which is established in 1861 in Cambridge, which produces many Nobel Prize winners.Columbia University is the most typical private comprehensive university. It is established in 1878, located in the center of New York City. Its Barnard Collage is the best female school in America.Rice University is established in 1861 1891 in Houston. It is the richest university in the US; however, the tuition fee is low.课号：DK5Y03A 课程名称：英语国家概况阅卷教师：班级：12英语1班学号：124175207 姓名：丁孜悦成绩：Whether you can be admitted to an institution is determined by each college or university. It is selective and competitive, especially in private institutions. The general standards for admission include successful completion of high school, high school grade point average(GRA) and class rank courses studied in areas of English, mathematics, and science, and results from standardized tests such as the Scholastic Aptitude Test(SAT) and American College Testing Program’s examination(ACTP).American universities comply with the principle of fair and just in enrolling freshman. The committee of the university will select its applicants into three steps as usual.The first step: they will glance over a student’s scores in academic performance, rank in class and standardized test scores. One’s GPA should not lower than 2.7. That is to say, if one’s performance cannot satisfy them, he will be weeding out without doubt. Next, they divide the rest of applicants into two groups. One group has more possibilities than another group.The second step: they will consider the students’ performance of social practice, interests, specialties and recommendation letter. Moreover, one’s leadership is also an important factor to be considered.The third step: they will read one’s composition. Because one’s essay can reflect a person’s academic level and characters. They think highly of the applicant’s passion, energy, integrity and determination.From the information above, we can draw a conclusion that the academic performance is not the only factor that can determine one’s admission qualification. Even if one’s scholastic attainments are outstanding, but his adaptive capacity is poor, he may not stand out from the crowd. Just as an old saying goes, learn to be a man before doing anything. Therefore, applicants are expected to improve the ability of themselves, interests and adaptive capacity. In a famous university, especially schools like Harvard, admission is not everything. They prefer those students who make contribution to society and world. For example, I have heard a story that a white girl was born in a wealthy family, which can support her rest of her life.课号：DK5Y03A 课程名称：英语国家概况阅卷教师：班级：12英语1班学号：124175207 姓名：丁孜悦成绩：But this girl did just so-so in study. Because she spent almost of her spare time doing volunteer work. Besides, she didn't go to summer school at Harvard, Columbia University, Pennsylvania. She went to work in MacDonald every day and earns money. This money was used to donate to two poor children in America to support them continuing their study. She wrote in the college essay, my parents are rich exactly; nevertheless, it is not my money, not my charity. I really want to be a beneficial person.In another aspect, students study abroad should pay tuition and other education fees for the higher education they receive. Tuition varies from year to year, state to state and institution to institution, and there is a significant difference between tuition rates in public and private institutions. For students from other states, the cost is usually doubles. Fortunately for students with limited funds, financial support is available from many resources. They receive scholarships and loans offered by industries, alumni groups, individual donors, the federal government, the state government and colleges and universities, and other monetary from part-time jobs.In my opinion, applicants ought to choose the major first according to own interests, professional orientation, the opportunity to practice, the proportion of international students, the scholarship application and the cost or other factors. Then you should take exam on the appropriate time, if you choose business major, you need to be considered in GMAT, the law major need to take LSAT, the other professional applications will need to provide GRE scores, there is no a minimum limit for GRE. Of course, TOEFL, IELTS are also essential. The higher score you get in TOEFL, the higher the chance for you to get accepted by a university. Next, you should select the right university. You’d better contact the universities that appeals to you and get information. When these works are finished, you can prepare for your application. You must fill the form of the elected university and prepare for your application in the process. Some universities may require other information and materials. You must prepare for it. Finally, you must send these materials. Contact the universities frequently by email and pay attention to the admissions of progress. At last, you should get a visa. International students课号：DK5Y03A 课程名称：英语国家概况阅卷教师：班级：12英语1班学号：124175207 姓名：丁孜悦成绩：have always been welcomed in the United States, the events of 9/11 led to a total review national security, which had the effect of discouraging many legitimate would-be students. Students are subjected to the same law as other temporary visitors, who must convince a consular officer. They intend to return to their home country after finishing their course of study. You should also show that you are able to pay for your education, and that you truly intend to pursue a course of study. There are few exceptions, and this procedure applies to all non-immigrant visa applicants, not just to students. And all visa applicants must provide a bio-metric identifier that can be encrypted on the visas that are issued.As for cultural differences, however, as we all know, Americans are more confident and more direct in doing things while Chinese people are tend to be more conservative and more rigorous. Needless to say, Chinese will not show themselves bravely. Thus, if you really want to get higher education in America, you’d better learn to be outgoing, contact with different people and try to participate in various social activities. In this way, you can not only lay a solid foundation of your interpersonal relationship，but also get the others’ affirmation and consolidate your own confident.The last but not the least, you must ensure your academic performances will not fall behind the other students.Finally, keep the mentality positive. Owning all the qualities, you are qualified to open the door of American higher education.Reference：English-Speaking Countries: A SurveyBaidu wenku。