下载文档原格式
Fabry-Perot imaging spectrograph 法布⾥-珀罗成象摄谱仪Fabry-Perot interferometry 法布⾥-珀罗⼲涉测量Fabry-Perot spectrograph 法布⾥-珀罗摄谱仪face-on galaxy 正向星系face-on spiral 正向旋涡星系facility seeing ⼈为视宁度fall 见落陨星fast pulsar 快转脉冲星fat zero 胖零Fermi normal coordinate system 费⽶标准坐标系Fermi-Walker transportation 费⽶-沃克移动fibre spectroscopy 光纤分光field centre 场中⼼field galaxy 场星系field pulsar 场脉冲星filter photography 滤光⽚照相观测filter wheel 滤光⽚转盘find 发见陨星finder chart 证认图finderscope 寻星镜first-ascent giant branch 初升巨星⽀first giant branch 初升巨星⽀flare puff 耀斑喷焰flat field 平场flat field correction 平场改正flat fielding 平场处理flat-spectrum radio quasar 平谱射电类星体flux standard 流量标准星flux-tube dynamics 磁流管动⼒学f-mode f 模、基本模following limb 东边缘、后随边缘foreground galaxy 前景星系foreground galaxy cluster 前景星系团formal accuracy 形式精度Foucaultgram 傅科检验图样Foucault knife-edge test 傅科⼑⼝检验fourth cosmic velocity 第四宇宙速度frame transfer 帧转移Fresnel lens 菲涅尔透镜fuzz 展。
1/4波片quarter-wave plateCG矢量耦合系数Clebsch-Gordan vector coupling coefficient; 简称“CG[矢耦]系数”。
X射线摄谱仪X-ray spectrographX射线衍射X-ray diffractionX射线衍射仪X-ray diffractometer[玻耳兹曼]H定理[Boltzmann] H-theorem[玻耳兹曼]H函数[Boltzmann] H-function[彻]体力body force[冲]击波shock wave[冲]击波前shock front[狄拉克]δ函数[Dirac] δ-function[第二类]拉格朗日方程Lagrange equation[电]极化强度[electric] polarization[反射]镜mirror[光]谱线spectral line[光]谱仪spectrometer[光]照度illuminance[光学]测角计[optical] goniometer[核]同质异能素[nuclear] isomer[化学]平衡常量[chemical] equilibrium constant[基]元电荷elementary charge[激光]散斑speckle[吉布斯]相律[Gibbs] phase rule[可]变形体deformable body[克劳修斯-]克拉珀龙方程[Clausius-] Clapeyron equation[量子]态[quantum] state[麦克斯韦-]玻耳兹曼分布[Maxwell-]Boltzmann distribution[麦克斯韦-]玻耳兹曼统计法[Maxwell-]Boltzmann statistics[普适]气体常量[universal] gas constant[气]泡室bubble chamber[热]对流[heat] convection[热力学]过程[thermodynamic] process[热力学]力[thermodynamic] force[热力学]流[thermodynamic] flux[热力学]循环[thermodynamic] cycle[事件]间隔interval of events[微观粒子]全同性原理identity principle [of microparticles][物]态参量state parameter, state property[相]互作用interaction[相]互作用绘景interaction picture[相]互作用能interaction energy[旋光]糖量计saccharimeter[指]北极north pole, N pole[指]南极south pole, S pole[主]光轴[principal] optical axis[转动]瞬心instantaneous centre [of rotation][转动]瞬轴instantaneous axis [of rotation]t 分布student's t distributiont 检验student's t testＫ俘获K-captureＳ矩阵S-matrixＷＫＢ近似WKB approximationＸ射线X-rayΓ空间Γ-spaceα粒子α-particleα射线α-rayα衰变α-decayβ射线β-rayβ衰变β-decayγ矩阵γ-matrixγ射线γ-rayγ衰变γ-decayλ相变λ-transitionμ空间μ-spaceχ 分布chi square distributionχ 检验chi square test阿贝不变量Abbe invariant阿贝成象原理Abbe principle of image formation阿贝折射计Abbe refractometer阿贝正弦条件Abbe sine condition阿伏伽德罗常量Avogadro constant阿伏伽德罗定律Avogadro law阿基米德原理Archimedes principle阿特伍德机Atwood machine艾里斑Airy disk爱因斯坦-斯莫卢霍夫斯基理论Einstein-Smoluchowski theory 爱因斯坦场方程Einstein field equation爱因斯坦等效原理Einstein equivalence principle爱因斯坦关系Einstein relation爱因斯坦求和约定Einstein summation convention爱因斯坦同步Einstein synchronization爱因斯坦系数Einstein coefficient安[培]匝数ampere-turns安培[分子电流]假说Ampere hypothesis安培定律Ampere law安培环路定理Ampere circuital theorem安培计ammeter安培力Ampere force安培天平Ampere balance昂萨格倒易关系Onsager reciprocal relation凹面光栅concave grating凹面镜concave mirror凹透镜concave lens奥温电桥Owen bridge巴比涅补偿器Babinet compensator巴耳末系Balmer series白光white light摆pendulum板极plate伴线satellite line半波片halfwave plate半波损失half-wave loss半波天线half-wave antenna半导体semiconductor半导体激光器semiconductor laser半衰期half life period半透[明]膜semi-transparent film半影penumbra半周期带half-period zone傍轴近似paraxial approximation傍轴区paraxial region傍轴条件paraxial condition薄膜干涉film interference薄膜光学film optics薄透镜thin lens保守力conservative force保守系conservative system饱和saturation饱和磁化强度saturation magnetization本底background本体瞬心迹polhode本影umbra本征函数eigenfunction本征频率eigenfrequency本征矢[量] eigenvector本征振荡eigen oscillation本征振动eigenvibration本征值eigenvalue本征值方程eigenvalue equation比长仪comparator比荷specific charge; 又称“荷质比(charge-mass ratio)”。
1.麦克斯韦方程组（Maxwell’s equation）2.电感强度, electric displacement3.电场强度, electric field strength4.磁感强度, magnetic flux density5.磁场强度，magnetic field strength6.波动方程的平面简谐波解(Simple Harmonic Wave)7.布儒斯特定律( Brewster’s Law )Brewster’ law, in his own words, states that “when a ray of light is polarized（偏振）byreflection, the reflected（反射）ray forms a right angle with the refracted（折射）ray. On the laws which regulate the polarization of light 偏振光by reflection from transparent bodies.”8.光波的叠加, Superposition of waves9.驻波(Standing Wave)10.拍频（Beat frequency）11.相速度（Phase velocity）12.群速度(Group velocity)13.合成波resultant wave14.振幅amplitude15.干涉现象（Interference）：在两个（或多个）光波叠加的区域形成强弱稳定的光强分布的现象，称为光的干涉现象。
The term Interference refers to the phenomenon that waves, under certain conditions, intensify or weaken each other.16.相干光波（Coherent wave）相干光源，Coherent light source17.杨氏干涉实验（Young’s interference experiment）18.干涉条纹（Interference fringes）19.Path difference （路径差）20.Phase difference （位相差）21.The order of interference （干涉级）22.The light distribution（光分布）23.A maximum amount of light (maxima)24.A minimum amount of light (minima)25.干涉条纹的可见度The visibility (contrast) of interference fringes26.对比度（Contrast）：It can be defined as the ratio of the difference between maximumareance（面积比）E max, and mimimum areance, E min, to the sum of such areances:K=(E max-E min)/(E max+E min) The amount of power incident per unit area is called areance (illuminance).Visibility：K=(I max-I min)/(I max+I min)27.相干性与干涉（Coherence & interference）28.空间相干性（spatial coherence) 和时间相干性（temporal coherence）29.等厚干涉（Interference of equal thickness）30.平行平板(Plane-Parallel Plates)31.等倾干涉（Interference of equal inclination）32.法布里－泊罗干涉仪（Fabry-Perot interferometer）33.分辨极限和分辨本领（Resolvance of the interferometer）34.光学系统的分辨本领（Resolving power of an optical system）35.光的衍射（Diffraction）36.衍射实验(Diffraction experiment)37.衍射现象的分类(Classification of light diffraction)（1）夫琅和费衍射(Fraunhofer diffraction)（2）菲涅耳衍射（Fresnel diffraction ）38.矩孔衍射(Diffraction by a rectangular aperture)39.强度分布计算（Intensity distribution calculation）40.单缝衍射(Diffraction by a single slit)41.夫琅和费圆孔衍射(Fraunhofer diffraction by a circular aperture)42.椭圆的衍射图样(Diffraction pattern)43.光学成像系统的衍射和分辨本领Diffraction and resolving power of an optical system44.光学系统的分辨本领（Resolving power of an optical system）45.瑞利判据（Rayleigh’s criterion）46.双缝衍射（Double-slit diffraction）47.多缝衍射（Multiple-slit diffraction）48.衍射光栅( Diffraction gratings )49.光栅方程（The grating equation）50.光栅分辨本领(Resolvance of a grating)51.光的偏振（Polarization of light）52.偏振光与自然光，Polarized light and Natural light53.线偏振光（Linearly polarized light）54.圆偏振光（Circularly polarized light）55.椭圆偏振光（Elliptically polarized light）56.部分偏振光( Partially polarized light)57.偏振光的产生（Production of polarized light）反射和折射、二向色性、散射、双折射Polarization by reflectionPolarization by transmissionPolarization by dichroismPolarization by scatteringPolarization by birefringence58.马吕斯定律(Malus’ law)和消光比(Extinction ratio）59.起偏器（Polarizer ）：用来产生偏振光的偏振器件。
托福学科词汇：物理physics 物理mechanics 力学thermodynamics 热力学acoustics 声学electromagnetism 电磁学optics 光学dynamics 动力学force 力velocity 速度acceleration 加速度equilipium 平衡statics 静力学motion 运动inertia 惯性gravitation 引力relativity 相对gravity 地心引力vipation 震动medium (media) 媒质frequency 频率wavelength 波长pitch 音高intensity 强度echo 回声resonance 回声，洪亮托福词汇表sonar 声纳ultrasonics 超声学electricity 电static electricity 静电magnetism 磁性，磁力magnet 磁体electromagnet 电磁magnetic field 磁场electric current 电流direct current (DC) 直流电alternating current (AC) 交流电electric circuit 电路electric charge 电荷electric voltage 电压electric shock 触电electric appliance 电器conductor 导体insulator 绝缘体semiconductor 半导体battery (cell) 电池dry battery 干电池storage battery 蓄电池electronics 电子学electronic 电子的electronic component (part) 电子零件integrated circuit 集成电路chip 集成电器片，集成块electron tube 电子管vacuum tube 真空管transistor 晶体管amplification ( 名词) 放大amplify （动词）放大amplifier 放大器，扬声器oscillation 震荡optical 光（学）的optical fiber 光学纤维lens 透镜，镜片convex 凸透镜concave 凹透镜microscope 显微镜telescope 望远镜magnifier 放大镜spectrum 光谱ultraviolet 紫外线X rays X 射线Gamma rays γ 射线infrared rays 红外线microwaves 微波dispersion 色散transparent 透明translucent 半透明opaque 不透明的汉克斯英语源自香港服务全国。
