现在完成时的句型、用法及例句.doc
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现在完成时常用句型1. “I have already eaten breakfast.” 早上我起来后,妈妈问我:“宝贝,吃早餐了吗?”我拍拍肚子说:“I have already eaten breakfast.”2. “You have juste back from school.” 我一进家门,爸爸就说:“You have juste back from school.”3. “We have played this game before.” 小伙伴们来找我玩游戏,其中一个说:“我们玩这个游戏吧。
”我回答:“We have played this game before.”4. “He has already done his homework.” 我去找小明玩,他妈妈说:“他在房间呢,He has already done his homework.”5. “She has watched this movie many times.” 我们讨论电影的时候,小红说:“这部电影超好看。
”我回应:“She has watched this movie many times.”6. “They have gone to the park.” 我问弟弟妹妹们去哪了,妈妈说:“They have gone to the park.”7. “I have known him for a long time.” 朋友好奇地问我和那个人认识多久了,我笑着说:“I have known him for a long time.”8. “You have read this book, haven't you?” 我拿着书问同桌:“You have read this book, haven't you?”9. “We have visited that place before.” 一家人商量去哪里玩,我突然想起说:“We have visited that place before.”10. “He has made a lot of mistakes.” 老师看着小明的作业说:“He has made a lot of mistakes.”。
常用句型现在完成时的构成与用法现在完成时是英语中常用的时态之一,用于表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
本文将详细介绍现在完成时的构成和用法。
一、现在完成时的构成现在完成时由助动词“have/has”和过去分词构成。
其基本构成形式为“have/has + 过去分词”。
1. 肯定句结构主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + ...例句:- I have visited Paris.- She has finished her homework.2. 否定句结构主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词 + ...例句:- I have not seen him today.- He has not eaten lunch yet.3. 疑问句结构Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + ...?- Have you ever been to China?- Has she read the book?二、现在完成时的用法现在完成时在英语中有以下几种常见用法:1. 表示过去开始,一直持续到现在的动作或状态例句:- I have known her since primary school.- They have lived in New York for five years.2. 表示过去完成的动作对现在的影响或结果例句:- I have lost my keys. (结果是我现在找不到钥匙)- She has finished her report. (结果是她现在可以休息了)3. 表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的经验或知识例句:- I have read many books. (经验是我读过许多书)- They have traveled to many countries. (知识是他们去过许多国家) 4. 表示过去发生的动作在一个不确定的时间内完成- Have you ever tried sushi? (在某个不确定的时间内尝试过寿司)- Has she seen that movie? (在某个不确定的时间内看过那部电影)5. 表示过去多次发生的动作例句:- I have visited London three times. (表示过去进行了多次的伦敦之行) - They have called me many times. (表示过去多次给我打电话)6. 表示刚刚完成的动作例句:- I have just finished my work. (刚刚完成的工作)- She has recently bought a new car. (最近购买的新车)三、总结现在完成时由助动词“have/has”和过去分词构成,用于表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
(完整)现在完成时语法现在完成时的基本句型:肯定式:主语 + 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词.疑问式:助动词Have/Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词?否定式:主语 + 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词。
例句:1. I have cleaned my room。
我已打扫了房间。
2. He hasn’t finished his homework。
他还没完成作业。
3。
Have you read this novel ? 你看过这本小说吗?Yes , I have. 是的,看过了。
No, I haven’t. 不,没看过。
4. We have studied English for two years。
我们已经学了两年英语了.5. They haven’t seen each other since 1998.自从1998年他们就没再见过面.现在完成时的主要用法1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
-— It's so dark。
-—Someone has turned off the light.(有人刚把灯关了,对现在造成的结果是:现在很黑)-— Are you free?-—I have finished my homework. I am free(我已经完成了家庭作业,对现在造成的结果是很有空)2.表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态,可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间的状语连用。
表示持续动作或状态的词应是延续性动词.常与since + 过去的时间点,since+谓语是一般过去时的从句;for + 一段时间,so far 等时间状语连用。
如:I have learnt English for more than ten years.我已经学了10多年的英语。
(从10年前开始,持续到现在还在学)She has swum since half an hour ago。
现在完成时的用法和示例现在完成时(Present Perfect Tense)是英语中常用的时态之一,用于表达过去发生或完成的动作与现在的联系。
本文将介绍现在完成时的基本用法,并提供一些例子来帮助读者更好地理解该时态。
一、现在完成时的基本用法1. 表示过去完成的动作或经历对现在造成的影响或结果。
例如:- I have lost my key.(我丢了我的钥匙。
现在我无法开锁了。
)- She has broken her leg.(她摔断了腿。
现在她只能坐在轮椅上。
)2.表示已经完成的动作对现在的结果或情况产生影响。
例如:- They have finished their homework.(他们已经完成了作业。
现在可以玩了。
)- He has left the company.(他离开了这家公司。
现在我们需要找个新员工。
)3.表示过去的经历或经验对现在的认知或理解。
例如:- I have visited Paris.(我去过巴黎。
现在我对巴黎有了更深刻的了解。
)- Have you ever tried sushi?(你尝试过寿司吗?现在你知道寿司的味道了吧。
)4.表示过去开始的动作一直延续到现在,或者表达一个在过去开始的动作一直持续到现在的状态。
例如:- I have lived in New York for five years.(我在纽约住了五年了。
) - They have been friends since childhood.(他们从小就是朋友了。
)二、示例以下是一些例句,通过这些例句,读者可以更好地理解现在完成时的用法。
1. 表示已经完成的动作对现在的结果或情况产生影响:- I have cooked dinner.(我已经做好晚饭了。
)- She has bought a new car.(她买了一辆新车。
)2. 表示过去完成的动作或经历对现在造成的影响或结果:- They have traveled around the world.(他们已经环游了世界。
现在完成时一.基本结构:助动词have/has+过去分词(done)二.句型:1. 肯定句: 主语+have/has+过去分词+(其他)。
2. 否定句:主语+have/has + not + 过去分词+其他.3. 一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他. 简略答语: Yes, 主语+ have/has. /No, 主语+ haven't/hasn't.三.用法(1)现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果I have spent all of my money (so far). 现在我没有钱花了. She has arrived. 她到了。
Guo zijun has (just/already) come. 郭子君现在在这儿My father has gone to work. 我爸爸现在不在这儿(2)表示动作或状态从过去某时开始,持续到现在,可能继续下去,也可能刚刚结束。
常与for(+时间段),since (+时间点或过去时的句子)连用.①for+时段(for12 weeks/three minutes) ②since+过去一个时间点(译为:自从……以来)(since 2000)③since+时段+ago (since two weeks ago=for two weeks)④since+从句(过去时)The Greens have lived in Macao since they moved to Macao from Paris.格林一家从巴黎搬到澳门之后就一直住在澳门。
●⑤It is+时段+since+从句(过去时)It is five years since they moved to Macao.四. 现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时常与already(已经),yet(仍然),just(刚刚,正好),ever(曾经),never(从来也不;从不),before (以前),recently(近来),lately(近来), so far= up to now, by now (到目前为止,迄今为止),in the past/last + 一段时间(过去---来), for+时段, since+从句(过去时)等时间状语连用。
Lesson 83(1)现在完成时笔记1. 现在完成时:1)表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。
Someone has broken the window. (now: 窗户现在是坏的) 2). 动作开始于过去,一直持续到现在。
(延续性动作)Your coach has sat there for a long time. 你的教练已经在那里坐很久了。
2. 句型结构:陈述句:主语+have/has +过去分词(p.p.)+其它否定句:主句+have/has not+过去分词(p.p.)+其它一般疑问句:Have/Has + 主语+过去分词(p.p.)+其它肯定回答:Yes,主语+have/has 否定回答:No ,主语+have/has not.3. 标志词:A: never, ever, just, alreay, yet ⋯⋯already 用于肯定句,yet 用于否定句和疑问句B: for + 时间段since + 时间点4. 动词的过去分词:规则变化的动词–过去分词与过去式的变化一样常用的瞬间动词转换延续性动词Lesson 83(1)现在完成时笔记1. 现在完成时:1)表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。
Someone has broken the window. (now: 窗户现在是坏的)2). 动作开始于过去,一直持续到现在。
(延续性动作)Your coach has sat there for a long time. 你的教练已经在那里坐很久了。
2. 句型结构:陈述句:主语+have/has +过去分词(p.p.)+其它否定句:主句+have/has not+过去分词(p.p.)+其它一般疑问句:Have/Has + 主语+过去分词(p.p.)+ 其它肯定回答:Yes,主语+have/has 否定回答:No ,主语+have/has not.3. 标志词:A: never, ever, just, alreay, yet ⋯⋯already 用于肯定句,yet 用于否定句和疑问句B: for + 时间段since + 时间点4. 动词的过去分词:规则变化的动词–过去分词与过去式的变化一样常用的瞬间动词转换延续性动词。
现在完成时的用法及常见句型总结现在完成时是英语中常用的时态之一,表示过去发生的动作或事件对现在造成的影响或结果。
在本文中,我们将总结现在完成时的用法和常见句型。
一、用法:1. 表示过去发生的动作或事件对现在的影响,即强调动作或事件的结果在现在仍然存在或持续发生。
例句:I have lost my key.(我丢了我的钥匙,现在找不到)She has been to Japan.(她曾去过日本,现在还记得日本的经历)2. 表示过去一段时间内发生的动作或事件,但并不强调具体的时间点。
例句:We have studied English for five years.(我们已经学英语五年了)He has written three novels.(他已经写了三本小说)3. 表示过去发生的动作或事件对现在仍然具有重要性或关联。
例句:I have seen that movie three times.(我看过那部电影三次了,说明对该电影有兴趣或思考)She has lived in this city since 2005.(她自2005年以来一直住在这个城市)二、常见句型:1. 肯定句结构:主语 + have/has + 过去分词例句:I have completed my homework.(我已经完成作业)They have visited Paris.(他们已经参观过巴黎)2. 否定句结构:主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词例句:She has not finished her project yet.(她还没完成她的项目)We have not seen him for a long time.(我们很久没见他了)3. 疑问句结构:Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他?例句:Have you ever been to New York?(你去过纽约吗?)Has he finished his report?(他完成报告了吗?)4. 现在完成时与时间状语连用,常用的时间状语有:already(已经),just(刚刚),recently(最近),ever(曾经),never(从未),for(表示时间段),since(自从...以来)。
(完整版)现在完成时讲解(含讲解及习题)(可编辑修改word版)现在完成时讲解一、构成:肯定式:主语+ 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词.疑问式:助动词Have/Has + 主语+ 动词的过去分词?否定式: 主语+ 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词.过去分词规则变化:a)一般情况下,直接加ed, (work---worked,water---watered, finish---finished 等;)b)以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词, 把y 变成i 再加ed, (carry-- -carried study---studied 等;)c)以辅+元+辅结尾且中读的动词,要双写最后一个辅音字母,再加ed。
(stop---stopped,shop---shopped)d)以不发音的e 结尾的动词,只加d(过去分词不规则变化表:二、用法:用法一:表示过去(已经、曾经或从未)发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
标志词:①already, ②never, ③ever, ④just, ⑤yet, ⑥before,⑦once/twice/数字+ times例:I have cleaned my room. 我已打扫了房间(房间现在是干净的,不需要打扫了)They have left. --他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里I have never had a car (我从未有过汽车。
)I have been there twice.a)already 往往用于肯定句,用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气;yet 用于否定句和疑问句。
He has already left here. 他已经离开这里了。
Has he already left here? 他(真的)已经离开这里了吗?(表示加强语气)My teachers haven’t had breakfast yet. 我的老师们还没有吃早饭。
现在完成时
一.构成
助动词have/has + 过去分词
例:肯定句I have worked. He has worked.
否定句I have not (haven't ) worked. He has not (hasn't )worked .
疑问句Have you worked ? Has he worked ?
回答Yes,I have. / No , I haven't . Yes, he has./ No, he hasn't.
二.功能及意义
1.表示一个动作发生在过去,对现在仍有影响,但没有具体的过去时间修饰。
常由下列副词修饰:ever曾经,never从不,already已经,yet还(未),(yet 只用在否定句和疑问句中),just刚刚,recently,lately近来,so far 迄今为止= until now, up to now,before 以前
例:Have you ever been to the Great Wall? 你曾经去过长城吗?
I have never heard of such a man.我从没有听说过那个人。
We have just had lunch 我们刚刚吃过午饭
I have already returned your money.我已经把钱还给你了。
I haven't found my book yet. (否)我还没有找到笔记本
Have you done your homework yet?(疑)你做作业了吗?
Have you heard from him recently ? 你最近收到他的来信了吗?
So far, no one has made any mistakes yet.迄今为止还没有人犯错误
I have never traveled by plane before .我以前从来没有乘飞机旅行过
2 表示一个动作发生在过去,一直持续到现在刚刚结束或者仍在继续。
常常与下列时间状语连用:
→for + 一段时间
I have learned English for 8 years
→since + 过去的一个时间点
I have learned English since 2001
→since + 一段时间+ ago
I have learned English since 8 years ago
→since + 时态为一般过去时的时间状语从句
I have learned English since I was 5 years old
→ in the past/last +时间段
We have had two English exams in the past two months近两个月来我们进行了2次英语考试
Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past ten years 近十年来我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。
三延续性动词与短暂性动词的用法
①现在完成时中,与一段时间连用时应注意句中的谓语动词须是延续性动词,非延续性动词不可和一段时间连用。
我离开这所学校已经八年了。
误:I have left this school for eight years(×)
他借用我的词典已经两天了
误:He has borrowed my dictionary for two days(×)
②非延续动词与一段时间连用时,可做相应转化
因此①中例句正确形式分别为
我离开这所学校已经八年了。
正:I have been away from this school for eight years(√)
他借用我的词典已经两天了
正:He has kept my dictionary for two days(√)
其它非延续性动词与时间段连用时的变形
buy→have borrow→ keep,
fall asleep →be asleep leave →be away
begin →be on die →be dead,
join→ be in或be a member of return→ be back
come/arrive→ be in get up →be up,
marry →be married catch a cold→ have a cold
③在否定句中短暂性动词可与短时间连用
I haven't gone to see him for several months(我已经好几个月没有去看他了)
I haven't bought anything for two months
四区分
① have been to +地点; 表示去过某个地方(已经回来),常与ever, never ,几次,等连用
②have gone to +地点: 表示到地方去了(还没回来)
③have been in+地点:表示到了某个地方(多久了),常与for + 段时间连用
比较:He has been to China twice(曾经去过,现在不在中国)
He has gone to China 他到中国去了.(他可能已在去中国的路上,或已到中国,总之,现在不在这里)
He has been in China for two years(他到中国已经两年了)
五对完成时的提问用how long.....? 不能用when... ?
六现在完成时常用句型
1 It is the first/second time....that....结构中的从句部分,用现在完成时
It is the first time that I have visited the city
这是我第一次参观这座城市
It is the third time that the boy has been late
这是这个男生第三次迟到了
2 This is the... that.. 结构,that 从句要用现在完成时
This is the best film that I 've (ever) seen
这是我看过的最好的电影
This is the first time that I've heard him sing
这是我第一次听他唱歌
3 It is / It has been + 时间段+ since ...
It has been/ It's 5 years since we last met.
自从上一次我们相遇到现在已经是五年了
It's / It has been 3 months since the man died 那人死去3个月了
4 一段时间+ 完成时结构+ since 引导的时间状语从句
Two years has passed since I came here.
七现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调的是现在的情况,所以它不能和表示过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday, last night, three weeks ago, in 1998 等。
而一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态,和现在不发生联系,它可以和表示过去的时间状语连用
I have seen the film 我看过这部电影(我了解这部电影的内容)
I saw the film last week 我上周看了这部电影(只说明shangxingqi。