大学英语四级试卷-4级考前冲刺试题一

2025年全国大学英语CET四级考试模拟试卷及答案指导一、写作（15分）CET-4 Writing SectionDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled “The Importance of Teamwork”. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Sample Essay: The Importance of TeamworkIn today’s fast-paced and highly competitive world, the concept of teamwork has become more crucial than ever. It is often said that one can go fast alone, but to go far, one must go together. This saying underlines the importance of teamwork in achieving common goals effectively and efficiently.Teamwork allows for the pooling of diverse skills and talents, which leads to more innovative solutions and better decision-making. When individuals with different backgrounds and expertise collaborate, they bring unique perspectives to the table, fostering an environment where creativity thrives. Furthermore, working as a team builds a support system, enabling members to rely on each other during challenging times, thus reducing stress and increasing job satisfaction.Another significant benefit of teamwork is the ability to accomplish tasksthat would be impossible for an individual to handle. By dividing work among team members based on their strengths, teams can tackle complex projects, ensuring all aspects are thoroughly covered. This not only improves the quality of work but also accelerizes the completion time.In conclusion, the value of teamwork cannot be overstated. It is through collaboration and mutual support that we can achieve great things, overcome obstacles, and reach our full potential. Embracing the spirit of teamwork is essential for both personal and professional success in our interconnected world.Analysis:•Introduction: The essay begins with a clear statement about the increasing significance of teamwork in the modern era, setting up the main argument.•Body Paragraphs:•The first body paragraph discusses how teamwork enhances innovation and decision-making by combining varied skills and viewpoints.•The second body paragraph highlights the supportive nature of teamwork, emphasizing its role in managing stress and boosting morale.• A third point is made about the efficiency and effectiveness gained from dividing labor according to individual strengths, allowing for thesuccessful execution of complex tasks.•Conclusion: The concluding paragraph reinforces the thesis, summarizing the key benefits of teamwork and linking them to broader concepts ofachievement and personal growth.This sample response adheres to the word limit (156 words), maintains a coherent structure, and provides specific examples to support the main points, making it a strong example for the CET-4 writing section.二、听力理解-短篇新闻（选择题，共7分）第一题News Item 1:A new study has found that the popularity of online shopping has led to a significant increase in the use of plastic packaging. The researchers analyzed data from various e-commerce platforms and discovered that the amount of plastic packaging used in online orders has doubled over the past five years. This has raised concerns about the environmental impact of e-commerce and the need for more sustainable packaging solutions.Questions:1、What is the main issue addressed in the news?A) The decline of traditional shopping methods.B) The environmental impact of online shopping.C) The growth of e-commerce platforms.D) The advantages of plastic packaging.2、According to the news, what has happened to the use of plastic packaging in online orders over the past five years?A) It has decreased by 50%.B) It has remained stable.C) It has increased by 25%.D) It has doubled.3、What is the primary concern raised by the study regarding online shopping?A) The increase in the number of e-commerce platforms.B) The high cost of online shopping.C) The environmental impact of plastic packaging.D) The difficulty in returning products.Answers:1、B) The environmental impact of online shopping.2、D) It has doubled.3、C) The environmental impact of plastic packaging.第二题Section B: Short NewsIn this section, you will hear one short news report. At the end of the news report, you will hear three questions. After each question, there is a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.News Report:The World Health Organization announced today that it has added the ChineseSinovac COVID-19 vaccine to its list of vaccines approved for emergency use. This move will facilitate the distribution of the vaccine in lower-income countries participating in the COVAX initiative aimed at ensuring equitable access to vaccines globally. The WHO praised the Sinovac vaccine for its easy storage requirements, making it ideal for areas with less sophisticated medical infrastructure.Questions:1、According to the news report, what did the WHO announce?A)The end of the pandemicB)Approval of a new vaccineC)Launch of a global health campaignD)Increased funding for vaccine researchAnswer: B) Approval of a new vaccine2、What was highlighted about the Sinovac vaccine by the WHO?A)It is the most effective vaccine availableB)It requires simple storage conditionsC)It is cheaper than other vaccinesD)It has no side effectsAnswer: B) It requires simple storage conditions3、What is the purpose of the COVAX initiative mentioned in the report?A)To speed up vaccine developmentB)To provide financial support to vaccine manufacturersC)To ensure equal access to vaccines worldwideD)To promote travel between countriesAnswer: C) To ensure equal access to vaccines worldwide三、听力理解-长对话（选择题，共8分）第一题Part Three: Long ConversationsIn this section, you will hear 1 long conversation. The conversation will be played twice. After you hear a part of the conversation, there will be a pause. Both the questions and the conversation will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Now, listen to the conversation.Conversational Excerpt:M: Hey, Jane, how was your day at the office today?W: Oh, it was quite a challenge. I had to deal with a lot of issues. But I think I handled them pretty well.M: That’s good to hear. What were the main issues you faced?W: Well, first, we had a problem with the new software we’re tryin g to implement. It seems to be causing some technical difficulties.M: Oh no, that sounds frustrating. Did you manage to fix it?W: Not yet. I’m still trying to figure out what’s wrong. But I’m workingon it.M: That’s important. The company can’t afford a ny downtime with this software.W: Exactly. And then, I had to deal with a customer complaint. The customer was really upset because of a delayed shipment.M: That’s never a good situation. How did you handle it?W: I tried to be understanding and offered a discount on their next order. It seemed to calm them down a bit.M: That was a good move. Did it resolve the issue?W: Yes, it did. They’re satisfied now, and I think we’ve avoided a bigger problem.M: It sounds like you had a busy day. But you did a good job handling everything.W: Thanks, I’m glad you think so.Questions:1、What was the main issue the woman faced with the new software?A) It was causing problems with the computer systems.B) It was taking longer to install than expected.C) It was causing technical difficulties.D) It was not compatible with their existing systems.2、How did the woman deal with the customer complaint?A) She escalated the issue to her supervisor.B) She offered a discount on the customer’s next order.C) She apologized directly to the customer.D) She sent the customer a refund check.3、What was the woman’s impression of her day at work?A) It was uneventful and unchallenging.B) It was quite stressful but rewarding.C) It was a day filled with unnecessary meetings.D) It was a day where she didn’t accomplish much.4、What did the man say about the woman’s day at work?A) He thought it was unproductive.B) He felt she had handled everything well.C) He thought she should have asked for help.D) He believed she should take a break.Answers:1、C2、B3、B4、B第二题对话内容:Man:Hey, Sarah. I heard you’re planning to go on a trip next month. Where are you heading?Sarah:Oh, hi, Mike! Yes, I’m really excited about it. I’m going to Japan. It’s my first time there.Man:That sounds amazing! How long will you be staying? And what places are you planning to visit?Sarah:I’ll be there for two weeks. My plan is to start in Tokyo and then travel to Kyoto, Osaka, and Hiroshima. I’ve always been fascinated by the mix of traditional and modern culture in Japan.Man: Two weeks should give you plenty of time to see a lot. Are you going alone or with someone?Sarah:Actually, I’m going with a group of friends from college. We all decided to take this trip together after graduation. It’ll be great to experience it with them.Man:That’s wonderful! Do you have everything planned out, like accommodations and transportation?Sarah:Mostly, yes. We’ve booked our flights and hotels, and we’re using the Japan Rail Pass for getting around. B ut we’re leaving some room for spontaneity too. Sometimes the best experiences come unexpectedly!Man:Absolutely, that’s the spirit of traveling. Well, I hope you have an incredible time. Don’t forget to try some local food and maybe bring back some souvenirs!Sarah:Thanks, Mike! I definitely won’t miss out on trying sushi and ramen, and I already have a list of gifts to buy for family and friends. I can’t waitto share my adventures with everyone when I get back.1、How long is Sarah planning to stay in Japan?•A) One week•B) Two weeks•C) Three weeks•D) One month答案: B) Two weeks2、Which of the following ci ties is NOT mentioned as part of Sarah’s itinerary?•A) Tokyo•B) Kyoto•C) Sapporo•D) Hiroshima答案: C) Sapporo3、Who is Sarah going to Japan with?•A) By herself•B) With her family•C) With a group of friends•D) With coworkers答案: C) With a group of friends4、What has Sarah and her friends prepared for their trip besides booking flights and hotels?•A) They have hired a personal guide.•B) They have reserved spots for cultural workshops.•C) They have purchased a Japan Rail Pass.•D) They have enrolled in a language course.答案: C) They have purchased a Japan Rail Pass.四、听力理解-听力篇章（选择题，共20分）第一题Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, check what you have written.Passage:In recent years, the concept of “soft skills” has become increasingly popular in the workplace. These are skills that are not traditionally taught in schools but are essential for success in the professional world. Soft skills include communication, teamwork, problem-solving, and time management.1、Many employers believe that soft skills are just as important as technical skills because they help employees adapt to changing work environments.2、One of the most important soft skills is communication. Effectivecommunication can prevent misunderstandings and improve relationships with colleagues.3、Teamwork is also crucial in today’s workplace. Being able to work well with others can lead to better productivity and innovation.4、Problem-solving skills are essential for overcoming obstacles and achieving goals. Employees who can think creatively and solve problems efficiently are highly valued.5、Time management is another key soft skill. Being able to prioritize tasks and manage time effectively can help employees meet deadlines and reduce stress.Questions:1、What is the main idea of the passage?A) The importance of technical skills in the workplace.B) The definition and examples of soft skills.C) The increasing popularity of soft skills in the workplace.D) The impact of soft skills on employee performance.2、Why do many employers believe soft skills are important?A) They are easier to teach than technical skills.B) They are not necessary for most jobs.C) They help employees adapt to changing work environments.D) They are more difficult to acquire than technical skills.3、Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a soft skill in the passage?A) Communication.B) Leadership.C) Problem-solving.D) Time management.Answers:1、C) The increasing popularity of soft skills in the workplace.2、C) They help employees adapt to changing work environments.3、B) Leadership.Second Part: Listening Comprehension - Passage QuestionsListen to the following passage carefully and then choose the best answer for each question.Passage:Every year, millions of people flock to beaches around the world for their vacations. While enjoying the sun and sand, few give much thought to the tiny organisms that make up the very sand they’re lying on. Sand is actually made from rock particles that have been broken down over time by natural processes. However, on some unique beaches, like those found in Hawaii, the sand has a significant component of coral and shell fragments, giving it a distinctive white color. Beaches not only provide relaxation but also play a crucial role in supporting marine life and protecting coastal areas from erosion.Questions:1、What do millions of people go to the beaches for annually?2、What makes the sand on Hawaiian beaches distinctive?3、Besides providing relaxation, what other important role do beaches serve?Answers:1、Vacations.2、The presence of coral and shell fragments.3、Supporting marine life and protecting coastal areas from erosion.第三题PassageThe rise of e-commerce has revolutionized the way we shop. With just a few clicks, customers can purchase products from all over the world and have them delivered to their doorstep. However, this convenience has also brought about some challenges, particularly in terms of logistics and environmental impact.One of the biggest concerns is the environmental impact of packaging. Traditional packaging materials, such as plastic bags and boxes, are not biodegradable and often end up in landfills, contributing to pollution.E-commerce companies have started to address this issue by offering packaging-free options and promoting the use of sustainable materials.Another challenge is the issue of returns. With the ease of online shopping, customers often order more items than they need, leading to a high rate of returns. This not only increases the carbon footprint of shipping but also creates additional waste. Some companies have introduced policies to encourage customers to return fewer items, such as offering incentives for reuse or donation.Despite these challenges, the e-commerce industry is not standing still. There are innovative solutions being developed to make the process more sustainable. For example, some companies are experimenting with drone delivery to reduce the number of vehicles on the road. Others are investing in energy-efficient data centers to power their operations.1、What is one of the main concerns related to e-commerce packaging?A)The high cost of shipping materials.B)The environmental impact of non-biodegradable materials.C)The difficulty in recycling packaging materials.2、How does the high rate of returns affect e-commerce?A)It increases the demand for new packaging materials.B)It leads to a decrease in the cost of shipping.C)It creates additional waste and increases the carbon footprint.3、What is an innovative solution being developed to make e-commerce more sustainable?A)The use of reusable packaging.B)The implementation of strict return policies.C)The introduction of drone delivery.Answers:1、B2、C3、A五、阅读理解-词汇理解（填空题，共5分）First QuestionPassage:In today’s fast-paced world, conservation has become a major concern for environmentalists and policymakers alike. Preserving natural resources is not just about protecting the environment; it also plays a critical role in ensuring sustainable development and improving the quality of life for future generations. Innovative methods are being explored to achieve this goal, including the use of renewable energy sources and promoting eco-friendly practices in industries.Questions:1、The word “conservation” in the passage most likely means:A) The act of using something economically or sparingly.B) The protection of natural resources from being wasted.C) The process of changing something fundamentally.D) The act of restoring something to its original state.Answer: B) The protection of natural resources from being wasted.2、The word “innovative” in the passage is closest in meaning to:A) Outdated.B) Traditional.C) Creative.D) Unchanged.Answer: C) Creative.3、Based on the context, t he term “eco-friendly” would be best described as:A) Practices that are harmful to the environment.B) Practices that are beneficial to the environment.C) Practices that have no impact on the environment.D) Practices that focus solely on economic growth.Answer: B) Practices that are beneficial to the environment.4、The phrase “sustainable development” in the text refers to:A) Development that uses up all available resources quickly.B) Development that meets present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.C) Development that focuses only on immediate economic gains.D) Development that disregards environmental concerns.Answer: B) Development that meets present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.5、When the passage mentions “quality of life,” it implies:A) A decrease in living standards over time.B) An improvement in the overall conditions under which people live and work.C) The absence of any efforts to improve living conditions.D) The focus on increasing industrial activities regardless of their impact.Answer: B) An improvement in the overall conditions under which people live and work.This format closely follows the structure you might find in an actual CET Band 4 exam, with a passage followed by vocabulary questions that test understanding of context and word meanings.第二题Reading PassagesIn today’s fast-paced world, staying informed about current events is more important than ever. One of the best ways to keep up with the news is to read newspapers. However, not all newspapers are created equal. Here is an overview of some of the most popular newspapers in the world.1.The New York Times (USA): Established in 1851, The New York Times is one of the most prestigious and influential newspapers in the world. It covers a wide range of topics, including national and international news, politics, business, science, technology, and culture.2.The Guardian (UK): The Guardian is a British newspaper that has been in circulation since 1821. It is known for its liberal bias and its commitment to investigative journalism. The Guardian covers a variety of issues, including politics, the environment, and social justice.3.Le Monde (France): Le Monde is a French newspaper that was founded in 1944. It is one of the most widely read newspapers in France and is known for its in-depth reporting and analysis of global events.4.The Times (UK): The Times is another British newspaper that has been in circulation since 1785. It is a conservative newspaper that focuses on politics, business, and finance.5.El País (Spain): El País is a Spanish newspaper that was founde d in 1976. It is one of the most popular newspapers in Spain and is known for its comprehensive coverage of national and international news.Vocabulary UnderstandingChoose the best word or phrase to complete each sentence. Write your answers in the spaces provided.1、The____________of The New York Times is that it is one of the most prestigious and influential newspapers in the world.a.reputationb.historyc.popularityd.bias2、The Guardian is known for its____________bias and its commitment to investigative journalism.a.liberalb.conservativec.moderated.biased3、Le Monde is one of the most widely read newspapers in France and is known forits____________reporting and analysis.a.shallowb.superficialc.in-depthd.brief4、The Times is a conservative newspaper that focuses on____________issues.a.socialb.economicc.politicald.cultural5、El País is one of the most popular newspapers in Spain and is known for its comprehensive____________of national and international news.a.reportingb.analysisc.coveraged.editorialAnswers:1、a. reputation2、a. liberal3、c. in-depth4、c. political5、c. coverage六、阅读理解-长篇阅读（选择题，共10分）第一题Reading Passage OneIn recent years, with the rapid development of the internet and mobile technology, online learning has become increasingly popular among students. Online courses, such as those offered by MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses), provide students with convenient access to high-quality educational resources from around the world. However, despite the benefits of online learning, there are also some challenges and considerations that need to be addressed.1.The following passage is about:A. The advantages and disadvantages of online learningB. The impact of online learning on traditional educationC. The history of MOOCs and their role in educationD. The challenges faced by students in online learning2.According to the passage, what is one of the main benefits of online learning?A. It allows students to study at their own paceB. It provides access to a wider range of educational resourcesC. It increases the interaction between students and teachersD. It reduces the cost of education3.The passage mentions that online learning has become increasingly popular due to:A. The advancements in internet technologyB. The decline of traditional education systemsC. The desire for flexible learning schedulesD. All of the above4.What is one of the challenges mentioned in the passage that online learners may face?A. Limited access to technological devicesB. Difficulty in maintaining self-disciplineC. Lack of face-to-face interaction with teachersD. All of the above5.The passage suggests that in order to succeed in online learning, students should:A. Attend online classes regularlyB. Engage in active discussions with peersC. Set clear goals and deadlines for their studiesD. All of the above答案：1.A2.B3.D4.D5.D第二题Reading Passage OneThe rise of the Internet has revolutionized the way we communicate and accessinformation. One of the most significant impacts has been the transformation of education, with online learning becoming increasingly popular. This passage explores the benefits and challenges of online learning.The Benefits of Online Learning1.Flexibility: Online learning offers students the flexibility to study at their own pace and on their own schedule. This is particularly beneficial for working professionals and those with other commitments.2.Access to a Wide Range of Resources: Online courses often provide access to a wealth of resources, including textbooks, videos, and interactive materials that can enhance the learning experience.3.Diverse Learning Opportunities: Online learning platforms offer a wide variety of courses, ranging from traditional academic subjects to specialized and niche areas of study.4.Cost-Effective: Online courses can be more affordable than traditional classroom-based programs, especially for those who live far from educational institutions.The Challenges of Online Learning1.Self-Discipline: Online learning requires a high level of self-discipline and motivation, as students must manage their time and stay focused without the structure of a traditional classroom.2.Limited Interaction: Online courses often lack the face-to-face interaction that is common in traditional classrooms, which can impact the learning experience and social development of students.3.Technical Issues: Online learning relies heavily on technology, which can lead to technical issues that disrupt the learning process.4.Quality Assurance: With the proliferation of online courses, ensuring the quality and integrity of these courses can be a challenge.Questions:1、What is one of the main advantages of online learning mentioned in the passage?A. It is more expensive than traditional education.B. It requires students to be self-disciplined.C. It provides flexibility in studying.D. It lacks face-to-face interaction.2、According to the passage, what can online learning platforms offer that traditional classrooms might not?A. Limited access to textbooks.B. Fewer specialized courses.C. More interactive learning materials.D. No video resources.3、Which of the following is a challenge that online learning may present?A. Students can easily attend classes at a local university.B. There are no technical issues with online learning.C. It is difficult to ensure the quality of online courses.D. Online learning is always more affordable than traditional education.4、The passage suggests that online learning can be beneficial for:A. Students who prefer face-to-face interaction.B. Individuals with other commitments.C. Those who want to avoid textbooks.D. People who have no access to technology.5、What is one potential drawback of online learning that the passage discusses?A. The ability to study at any time.B. The use of a wide range of resources.C. The possibility of technical disruptions.D. The convenience of studying from home.Answers:1、C2、C3、C4、B5、C七、阅读理解-仔细阅读（选择题，共20分）第一题Reading PassagesIn the following passage, there are some blanks. For each blank there arefour choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should choose the one that best fits into the passage.The digital revolution is changing the way we live, work, and communicate. One of the most significant changes is the rise of artificial intelligence (AI). AI refers to the development of computer systems that can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, and decision-making.The potential of AI is enormous. It has the potential to transform industries, improve efficiency, and make our lives more convenient. However, with great power comes great responsibility. The ethical implications of AI are complex and multifaceted.1、The passage is mainly aboutA. the benefits of the digital revolutionB. the rise of artificial intelligenceC. the challenges of the digital revolutionD. the ethical implications of AI2、What is the main concern regarding AI mentioned in the passage?A. Its potential to disrupt traditional industriesB. Its potential to replace human jobsC. Its potential to be used for unethical purposesD. Its potential to cause social inequalities3、The author suggests that AI has the potential to。

英语四级CET考前冲刺试题及答案英语四级CET考前冲刺试题及答案不加思考地滥读或无休止地读书，所读过的东西无法刻骨铭心，其大部分终将消失殆尽。

以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的英语四级CET 考前冲刺试题及答案，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!Hollywood Has Disquiet On The SetHollywood is on the edge of a nervous breakdown1.Worried about an industry wide writers strike, struckby a series of theater-chain bankruptcies, burdenedwith unreasonable corporate profit, requirementsand seemingly incapable of producing consistently2 creative movies, the American filmindustry is in an intensive period of soul-searching. There's little doubt it will survive this crisis.But most insiders agree there is disease at both ends of the business —where films areconceived, and where they're shown — that may take years to overcome.While boasting annual box-office revenue increases for nine straight years, largely due toincreased ticket prices, the number of actual tickets sold has declined for the second year in arow. The construction boom has added nearly 10, 000 theaters ( more than 200, 000 moreseats) in the last five years. But due to a static audience base, eight major chains have goneinto bankruptcy and several others are in dreadful financial straits.In effect, insiders say, Hollywood is now in a business it does not want to be in. "There's generalproblem in that the companies that have the most consistent output of material are leastinterested in what they're making, "says former 20 th Century Fox CEO3 Bill. And, Billadds,"We're in a period where movies are getting bigger and more costly and less interestingand fulfilling to an audience. "Today the studios are under the stress to increase profit margins for their corporate parents,and profit margins are hard to control in a business whose products are seen as impulse buys.Other business can increase profits by cutting costs —buying cheaper material, or making thecandy bar smaller4 . Not Hollywood."What we're cutting is risk, "says the head of one major studio, who asked not to benamed,"And risk is what great film has always demanded. " While the studios are avoiding riskyconcepts, their rivals in the home entertainment business have been furiously expanding theboundaries of the imagination. It was this pressure — in electronic games, the Internet, EVDs—that forced the movie theater chains into a self-destructive frenzy of expansion.Seduced by easy access to loans during the go-go5 economy of the mid to late 1990s, thechains plunged into debt in a feverish effort to be first on the block with the biggest 158theatres. In five years, the number of U. S. screens expanded from 27, 000 to more than 37, 000 ." It's going to take three or four years for the complete recovery of the business, "says KurtHall, president of the United Artists Theater Circuit."It will take that long to get the number ofscreens down to a healthy level. The closer we get to 30, 000 the better off we'll be. "练习题：Ⅰ. Complete the summary of the passage:Hollywood is on the 1 of nervous breakdown. It was struck by theater-chain2 , burdened with 3corporate profit, requirements, 4 of producing 5 creative movies. Most insiders allege thatboth ends of the business have disease. The annualbox-office revenue increases because of the6 ticket prices. The number of actual tickets sold has 7 for the second year in a row. In the lastfive years 8 theaters has set up. Given the limited audience base, eight major chains havegone 9 bankruptcy and several others are in 10 11 .Ⅱ. Questions:1. Why Hollywood is now in a business it does not want to be in?2. Why the studio is under stress? In what way is it different from other business?参考答案Ⅰ. 1. edge 2. bankruptcies 3. unreasonable 4 .incapable 5. consistently 6. increased 7. declined8. 10, 000 9 . into 10 . financial 11. straitsⅡ. 1. Because nowadays movies are getting biggerand more costly and less interesting and fulfilling toan audience.2. They have to increase profit for their corporate parents and profit margins are hard tocontrol in a business whose products are seen as impulse buys. Other business can increaseprofits by cutting costs —buying cheaper material, but Hollywood can’t.译文隐患丛生的好莱坞好莱坞已处在崩溃的边缘。

大学英语四级新题型最新考试冲刺试卷试题【附答案】之一Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled What Electives to Choose. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 各大学开设了各种各样的选修课；2. 学生因为各种原因选择了不同的选修课；3. 以你自己为例……What Electives to Choose________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ ______ Part ⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A)，B)，C) and D)，and decidewhich is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.1. A) She used to be in poor health. C) She was somewhat overweight.B) She was popular among boys. D) She didn’t do w ell at high school.2. A) At the airport. C) In a booking office.B) In a restaurant. D) At the hotel reception.3. A) Teaching her son by herself. C) Asking the teacher for extra help.B) Having confidence in her son. D) Telling her son not to worry.4. A) Have a short break. C) Continue her work outdoors.B) Take two weeks off. D) Go on vacation with the man.5. A) He is taking care of this twin brother. C) He is worried about Rod’s health.B) He has been feeling ill all week. D) He has been in perfect condition.6. A) She sold all her furniture before she moved house.B) She still keeps some old furniture in her new house.C) She plans to put all her old furniture in the basement.D) She brought a new set of furniture from Italy last month.7. A) The wo man wondered why the man didn’t return the book.B) The woman doesn’t seem to know what the book is about.C) The woman doesn’t find the book useful any more.D) The woman forgot lending the book to the man.8. A) Most of the man’s friends are athletes. C)The man doesn’t look like a sportsman.B) Few people share the woman’s opinion. D) The woman doubts the man’s athletic ability.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) She has packed it in one of her bags. C) She has probably left it in a taxi.B) She is going to get it at the airport. D) She is afraid that she has lost it.10. A) It ends in winter, C) It will last one week.B) It will cost her a lot. D) It depends on the weather.11. A) The plane is taking off soon. C) There might be a traffic jam.B) The taxi is waiting for them. D) There is a lot of stuff to pack.12. A) At home. C) At the airport.B) In the man’s car. D) By the side of a taxi.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13. A) She is thirsty for promotion. C) She is tired of her present work.B) She wants a much higher salary. D) She wants to save travel expenses.14. A) Translator. C) Language instructor.B) Travel agent. D) Environmental engineer.15. A) Lively personality and inquiring mind. C) Devotion and work efficiency.B) Communication skills and team spirit. D) Education and experience.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear3 short passages. Atthe end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) They care a lot about children. C) They want to enrich their life experience.B) They need looking after in their old age. D) They want children to keep them company.17. A) They are usually adopted from distant places.B) Their birth information is usually kept secret.C) Their birth parents often try to conceal their birth information.D) Their adoptive parents don’t want them to know their birth parents.18. A) They generally hold bad feelings towards their birth parents.B) They do not want to hurt the feelings of their adoptive parents.C) They have mixed feelings about finding their natural parents.D) They are fully aware of the expenses involved in the search.19. A) Early adoption makes for closer parent-child relationship.B) Most people prefer to adopt children from overseas.C) Understanding is the key to successful adoption.D) Adoption has much to do with love.Passage TwoQuestions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.20. A) He suffered from mental illness. C) He turned a failing newspaper intoa success.B) He bought The Washington Post. D) He was once a reporter for a majornewspaper.21. A) She was the first woman to lead a big U. S. publishing company.B) She got her first job as a teacher at the University of Chicago.C) She committed suicide because of her mental disorder.D) She took over her father’s position when he died.22. A) People came to see the role of women in the business world.B) Katharine played a major part in reshaping Americans’ mind.C) American media would be quite different without Katharine.D) Katharine had exerted an important influence on the world.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just beard.23. A) It’ll enable them to enjoy the best medical care. C) It’ll protect them from possible financial crises.B) It’ll allow them to receive flee medical treatment. D) It’ll prevent the doctors from overcharging them.24. A) They can’t immediately get back the money paid for their medical cost.B) They have to go through very complicated application procedures.C) They can only visit doctors who speak their native languages.D) They may not be able to receive timely medical treatment.25. A) They do n’t have to pay for the medical services.B) They needn’t pay the entire medical bill at once.C) They must send the receipts to the insurance company promptly.D) They have to pay a much higher price to get an insurance policy.Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choice. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.As war spreads to many comers of the globe, children sadly have been drawn into the center of conflicts. In Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Colombia, however, groups of children have been taking part in peace education 36 . The children, after learning to resolve conflicts, took on the 37 of peacemakers. The Children’s Movement for Peace in Colombia was even nominated (提名) forthe Nobel Peace Prize in 1998. Groups of children 38 as peacemakers studied human rights and poverty issues in Colombia, eventually forming a group with five other schools in Bogotáknown as The Schools of Peace.The classroom 39 opportunities for children to replace angry, violent behaviors with 40 ，peaceful ones. It is in the classroom that caring and respect for each person empowers children to take a step 41 toward becoming peacemakers. Fortunately, educators have access to many online resources that are 42 useful when helping children along the path to peace. The Young Peacemakers Club, started in 1992，provides a Website with resources for teachers and 43 on starting a Kindness Campaign. The World Centers of Compassion for Children International。

模拟试题1、模拟试题一模拟试题一试卷一Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Example: You will hear:You will read: A) At the office. B) In the waiting room.C) At the airport. D) In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This conversation is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore, A) “At the office”is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) go to a Chinese restaurant B) go to a western restaurantC) go to a pub for a change D) go to a food shop2. A) She likes math very much.B) She does not like math at all.C) She wants to make the math interesting.D) She likes math and thought it was interesting.3. A) He wants to wash the dishes. B) He doesn’t want to wash the dishes.C) He will help them wash the dishes. D) He will do anything for the woman.4. A) She disagrees with the man.B) She agrees with the man.C) She thinks it is not the time we should turn our attention to the danger of drunk driving.D) She only agrees with the man at one point.5. A) His partner B) His teacherC) His sister D) His boss6. A) At a cigarette store. B) At a bus station.C) At a gas station. D) At her parents’7. A) Fifteen. B) Twenty-nine.C) Sixteen. D) Sixty.8. A) Do her housework. B) Clean the backyard.C) Wash clothes. D) Enjoy the beautiful day.9. A) Wife and husband B) Teacher and studentC) Mum and son D) Neighbors10. A) The unsmiling faces B) The weatherC) The Londoners D) The colorSection B Compound Dictation注意：听力理解的B节（Section B）为复合式听写（Compound Dictation），题目印刷在试卷二上，现在请取出试卷二。

英语四级考试考前模拟试题与解析Part I: Listening Comprehension (40 marks)Section A: Short Conversations1. M: Are you going to attend the lecture on environmental protection this afternoon?W: No, I have a history class at the same time.Q: What is the woman's reason for not attending the lecture?A: She has a history class at the same time.2. W: Excuse me, is this seat taken?M: No, it's not. Please have a seat.Q: What does the man mean?A: The seat is available.Section B: Passages3. W: How did you like the museum?M: Oh, it was fantastic! They had an exhibition of ancient Chinese artifacts.Q: What does the man think of the museum?A: He thinks it's fantastic.4. W: Why did you switch your major from engineering to psychology?M: I found myself more interested in studying the human mind and behavior.Q: Why did the man switch his major?A: He was more interested in studying psychology.Part II: Reading Comprehension (60 marks)Section A: Multiple Choice QuestionsPassage One5. According to the passage, what is a major benefit of studying abroad?A: Experiencing a different culture.Passage Two6. What is the main idea of the passage?A: The impact of social media on mental health.Section B: True or False StatementsPassage Three7. The Great Barrier Reef is known for its rich marine biodiversity.A: TruePassage Four8. The author suggests that reducing meat consumption is essential for protecting the environment.A: TruePart III: Vocabulary and Structure (40 marks)9. Emily is very _____ about saving money, so she never buys anything that she doesn't need.A: thrifty10. The book, _____ "The Catcher in the Rye," has been assigned for our English literature class.A: titledPart IV: Translation (20 marks)11. Translate the following sentence into English:昨天我和我的朋友们一起去了海边度假。

大学英语四级考试写作冲刺的试题大学英语四级考试写作冲刺的试题Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic A Job-searching Experience. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline given below in Chinese:1. 介绍得到这次求职信息的.途径2. 叙述这次求职经历的全过程3. 谈谈你对这次经历的感受或体会【范文】A Job-searching ExperienceLast Friday my English teacher told me that one of her friends was looking for an English governess. I asked for her friends name and phone number. I determined to seize the chance and have my first job.I was a little nervous when I went to the womans house. I wastold that the talk between us that day would decide whether I could take the job. However, when the woman, Lucy as she was called, welcomed me into her house, I felt much relaxed. I thought as long as I was sincere and friendly I would perform well. The conversation went on smoothly. She seemed much more interested in my habits and hobbies than how good I was at English. It happened that we have the same hobby: playing tennis. I told her about my family and school life. Obviously I succeeded and from then on I went to teach her English every weekend.Lucy told me later that it was my sincerity that made herwillingly accept me. It is true that we can play some tricks while seeking for a job, but remember to be sincere. Its the secret of my success.【大学英语四级考试写作冲刺的试题】相关文章：1.托福写作试题3.全国英语等级考试pets四级写作冲刺试题5.2017年《外科主治医师》冲刺试题7.护士资格《外科护理学》冲刺试题。

新东方：英语四级考试模拟冲刺卷Part I Writing (30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。

Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter based on the outline below. You should write at least 120 words. You live in a room in college whi ch you share with another student. You find it very difficult to work there because your roommate always has friends visiting. Write a letter to the Accommodation Officer at t he college.1）要求下学期换一个新房间。

2）解释原因。

3）要求单间。

答题卡Part II Reading (skimming and scanning) (15 minutes)Directions：In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly a nd answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For question 17,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）,B）,C）,and D）.For questions 8—10,complete the se ntences with the information given in the passage.The Modern Olympic GamesThe Modern Olympic Games might have remained just a part of history without th e dream of one Frenchman, Pierre de Coubertin. Coubertin believed that sport and exe rcise were very important for the health and happiness of every man and also for the nation. He therefore tried, in 1892, to interest other Frenchmen in his dream of starting a modern form of the early Greek Games. His ideas were strongly criticized by many people, who did not really understand what he was trying to do. It is perhaps sad that the great work Pierre de Coubertin did to bring back the Games was never properly r ecognized during his lifetime. Gradually, however, people all over the world became int erested in his ideas and at a meeting in Paris in 1894, with representatives from twelve different countries; plans were made to hold the first modern Games in Athens in 1899.Organizing the first modern Games, however, was not without problems. The Gree k government was unhappy with the decision to hold the Games in Athens, as they ha d serious economic problems at the time and did not feel they were in a position to sp end the necessary money. It seemed therefore that the Games would be finished befor e they had even begun. Prince Constantine of Greece, however, gave his support to C oubertin and the newly-formed Olympic Committee and other rich Greeks soon followed his example. Enough money was collected in Greece and abroad to build a new stadi um and pay all the other costs.On 5th April, 1896, a crowd of over 60 000 people watched the King of Greece o pen the first modernOlympic Games. There were, however, very few competitors －only two hundred and eighty-five. Australia, Austria, Britain, Bulgaria, Chile, Denmark, France, Germany, H ungary, Sweden, Switzerland and the USA, were the only countries to send athletes to the Games and most of the athletes who did come had to pay for their own travel an d other costs. There were ten sports in the first program －cycling, gymnastics, tennis, swimming, athletics, fencing, weight-lifting, rowing, wrestling and shooting; there were a lso other non-sporting events, such as concerts and ballet, just as there had been at t he early Games.At the first modern Olympics almost all the gold medals were won by American s portsmen, but the most famous of all the first medal winners was a young Greek named Spyros Louis, who came from a small village in the mountains near Athens. It was he who won the long and difficult race, the Marathon, and gave the Greeks the national win they had hoped for.The Greeks would have been happy to keep the Games in Greece but Coubertin believed strongly that the Olympics should be truly international and would not allow thi s to happen. It was therefore decided to hold the next Games in Paris in 1900. Sadly, however, the Paris Games and the following Games, held in St. Louis, America, in 19 04, were poor examples of Coubertin's dream and Coubertin himself did not even trave l to the St. Louis Games. For these two Games were more like circus shows than seri ous international sports meetings. Only fifteen non-Americans went to the 1904 Games, mainly because the high travel costs prevented others from competing. Olympic events were mixed with other sports and events, and the Games were organized to continue over many months, so that as much money as possible could be made by the organiz ers from the selling of tickets.It was not until 1908, when the Games were held in London, that international rul es and distances were introduced；until then the events had been the decision of the o rganizing nation alone. The London Games were far better organized than any of the o ther modern Games but it took many more years before Coubertin's dream of a truly i nternational meeting of sportsmen became a reality. It was necessary to make many ch anges before the Olympic Games became as well-organized and as popular as they ar e today.Since 1896 the Games have been held every four years, except for a break durin g the years of the two World Wars. Gradually the number of competitors who take part in each Games has grown and so has the number of countries. In 1896, only thirteen countries were represented and only two hundred and eighty-five competitors took part. Today, however, as many as one hundred and twenty-two countries send athletes to t he Games and more than seven thousand men and women come to the Games to tak e part. In recent years, the number of events has grown to twenty-one, eleven of whic h are also open to women.It is interesting that Coubertin, whose ideas were born in the late nineteenth centu ry, probably never imagined that women would ever play a part in the new Olympics. Women had never competed in the early Greek Games; indeed, for many years they w ere not even allowed to watch. In modern times, the London Games in 1908 were the first in which women took a serious part －36 women came to the Games to compete. The first woman to win an Olympic event was the British Tennis Player, Charlotte Coo per, who won a tennis event in 1900. From 1908, however, the number of events bega n to grow with the introduction of ladies’ gymnastics. Athletics events for women were i ntroduced in 1928 at the Games held in Amsterdam. Today, women are as highly-train ed and as fit as men. Although in almost every sport women and men compete separa tely, in horse-riding events they compete against each other and women have shown o ver the years that they are just as good.The International Olympic Committee, whose home is in Lausanne in Switzerland, is responsible for all the important decisions of the Olympic Movement. The members o f this committee are chosen not by their governments but by members already on the committee and they are therefore above politics or group interests. Most of the members are simply rich m en who wish to keep Coubertin’s ideas alive. Not every country is r epresented, therefore, because this would mean more than 120 members and no decisi ons would ever be made.However, each country must form a National Olympic Committee before it is allow ed to send competitors to the games and this committee must be recognized by the In ternational Olympic Committee. At present, more than 136 countries have formed such a committee. The National Committees are responsible for organizing the national team s and for deciding which competitors to send. Competitors cannot choose to go to the Games －they must be chosen and this means competing against their own countrym en. It is not even enough to be the best in the country, for each competitor must be a ble to reach the standard expected for entry to the Games. These standards change e ach year as sportsmen and sportswomen improve. Some countries are not able to sen d all the competitors they would like to, even if they have reached the expected standa rd, because of the cost. The National Committee must then decide whether to send the competitors who have the most chance of winning or whether, instead, to send compe titors to represent each sport even though some of them have little hope of doing well.Not only the competitors but also the team manager must be paid for. The manag er is an extremely important member of the team；he is responsible for the competitors while they are at the Games and his job includes, for example, getting the competitors to each event on time and helping with medical or personal problems. Most countries ask the people for money to help pay for the costs of travel and training. A lot of mon ey is given by businesses and companies who also give, for example, clothes, shoes a nd uniforms.The city where the Games are to be held is chosen by the International Olympic Committee；this is usually decided five years before the Games are to take place. Sev eral cities may wish to hold the Games in any one year and the Committee decides o nly after it has listened to and seen the arguments and plans of each city. Once chose n, the city then has five years to prepare.1. Coubertin planned to hold the first modern Olympic Games in_________ in Ath ens.A. 1894B. 1896C. 1899D. 19002. The competitors of the first Olympic Games came from all of the following coun tries EXCEPT__________.A. UKB. HungaryC. SwitzerlandD. Norway3. Which of the following was NOT part of the first Olympic Games?A. concertsB. circusC. fencingD. boxing4. According to the passage, the most successful modern Olympic Games was the one held in_________A. Athens, GreeceB. St. Louis, AmericaC. Paris, FranceD. London, UK5. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Women were not allowed to participate in the ancient Olympics.B. Women were not allowed to watch the Olympic Games in the past.C. Women appeared in the Amsterdam Olympic Games.D. Before 1908 there were no women in the Olympic Games.6. Women and men always compete separately except in_______A. tennisB. racingC. swimmingD. horse-riding7. What do we learn about the International Olympic Committee (IOC)?A. Every country has its representatives in IOC.B. The representatives in IOC speak for their own countries.C. Most representatives in IOC are wealthy.D. The representatives in IOC are elected by their own country.8. It was _________________ that are responsible for organizing the national tea ms and for deciding which competitors to send.9. Both the competitors and ___________ must be paid for.10. Every city chosen to hold the Olympic Games usually have___ to preparePart III Listening Comprehension (35mins)Section ADirections: In part A, you will hear short conversations between two people. After each conversation, you will hear a question about the conversation. The questions and the questions will not be repeated. After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your test book and choose the best answer. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.11. A Go to the football match with the woman.B Ask the woman to help him write the term paper on history.C Finish the last tow chapters of history assignment.D Take part in the football match.12. A she wants to borrow the man’s student cardB the tickets are less expensive than she expectedC she won’t be able to get any discount for the ticketD the performance turns out to be disappointing13. A it’s far from being ready B it contains some valuable ideasC she needs another week to get it readyD it has nothing to do with the internet14. A He is suffering from the difference of time zones.B He has been studying hard at night.C He finds biology difficult fo learn.D He has not adjusted to a new culture.15. A A lesson requires student’s active involvementB students usually take an active part in a lectureC more knowledge is covered in a lectureD there is a larger group of people interested in lesson16.A The pictures of night view are really better than he expectedB He didn’t k now how he finished his role in the playC The film hasn’t been processed yetD He didn’t have enough film17. A He often complains. B he is a short person.C He is worried about something.D He is a happy sort of person.18. A He can’t miss the bank. B She forgot to tell him one thing.C It’s no use going there.D The bank is close to the corner. Questions 19-21 are based on the conversation you have just heard19. A A vacation trip to Yellowstone ParkB A lecture by a visiting professorC Her biology thesisD A research project on Yellowstone Park20. A More buffalo are surviving the winterB Fewer buffalo are dying of diseaseC More buffalo are being bornD Fewer buffalo are being killed by hunters21. A She is from Wyoming and eager to visit Yellowstone ParkB She needs the money to continue her studyingC She has been studying animal diseasesD Her thesis adviser is heading the projectQuestions 22-25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22.A) She knew about it by reading a booklet.B) She knew about it by reading a student union introduction.C) She knew about it by reading a newspaper.D) She knew about it by reading a magazine.23.A) Because they want to preserve the natural beauty of the campus.B) Because they want to protect the students’ right for living space.C) Because they want to conserve the place for future use.D) Because they want to sell the place for a better price.24. A) They will organize a meeting to discuss a proposal.B) They will organize a protest to express their opposition.C) They will organize an appeal-letter signing activity.D) They will organize a march around the campus.25. A) She will participate in the protest.B) She will sign the appeal letter.C) She will take part in a meeting of the Student Action Union.D) She will attend her class as usual.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A How much exercise they get every day?B What they are most worried about?C How long their parents accompany them daily?D What entertainment they are interested in?27. A get enough entertainmentB have more activitiesC receive early educationD have regular checkups28. A be no place for playB be near a common areaC have no TV setsD have a computer for studyPassage TwoQuestions 29-32 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A) To look for two of her close friends.B) To stay at home and study.C) To share an apartment with friends.D) To move out and live alone.30. A) She couldn’t find a good place to stay.B) Her friend and she couldn’t afford the rent.C) A friend left he r for work’s sake.D) She quarreled with her friends.31. A) Because her home was far way form school.B) Because her parents asked her to do so.C) Because she was bored living outside.D) Because the place where she lived caught fire.32. A) Because she was disappointed in the college.B) Because she kept moving all the time and couldn’t concentrate on studying.C) Because her home was too far away from school and it was inconvenient.D) Because she was not interested in study at all.Passage ThreeQuestions 33-35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) Italian people.B) German people.C) British people.D) French people.34. A) Wash the dishes.B) Have her own meal.C) Make plans for other activities.D) Serve some wine.35. A) OddB) CrazyC) RegularD) RomanticSection CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, youshould check what you have written.The Romans built great “aqueducts”to carry fresh water from the mountains to the cities. Many of these aqueducts are still standing today. The Roman (36) _____even set up a (37)___ health service. They built the first great public hospitals in Europe, and they paid doctors to look after poor people.When the Roman Empire fell to pieces, these (38) _____ methods of treatment (39) _____ from most of Europe, for more than a thousand years. People went back to the old ways. They lived in dirty conditions, which helped to cause diseases; and they asked God to cure the (40) _____. They shut up (41) _____ sick people in prisons. Or they burnt them alive because they were supposed to have (42) _____ powers. But the work of the Greek and Roman doctors was not lost.Over a thousand years ago, the Arabs moved into many of the Mediterranean countries. They took big parts of the old (43)_____ lands. (44) ______________________________ Arab doctors themselves made many new discoveries.(45)___________________________________________ Slowly, European doctors discovered again the things that the Greeks and Romans had known so long ago. (46) ____________________________Part IV Reading comprehension (reading in depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following t he passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each cho ice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.The song “Happy birthday to you” is sung all over the world just before the birthd ay boy or girl blows out the candles on the cake.It is so simple that children as young as three can sing it without ___47___. The song, with its ___48___ title “Good Morning to You”, was wr itten in 1893 by the two si sters, Mildred and Patty Smith Hill. They were the daughters of a ___49___ Kentucky couple, who believed in female education at a time---the mid-nineteenth century--- when it was still a ___50___ idea and who trained their two daughters to be schoolteachers. They were long involved in elementary education.A birthday cake with ___51___ candles is also indispensable at one's birthday par ty. It may derive, ___52___, from the ancient Greek practice of offering to Artemis, goddess of the moon, a round honey cake into which a candle was stuck. After German b akers ___53___ the modern birthday cake in the Middle Ages, a similar ___54___ was adopted for happiness at birthdays.The candle-blowing-out custom may be associated with double meaning at birthda ys. Some people believe that each birthday is another step toward the end, and what we ___55___ at birthday gatherings is not only our growth, but our transience. Thus, c andles at birthdays are ___56___ of life and death, hopes and fears, increase and loss, and so on.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

4级考前冲刺试题一Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Universities Taking Donations. You1. 目前大学接受社会捐赠现象很普遍2. 人们对这一现象看法不同3. 我的看法________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on AnswerUniverA few days ago, Vshuf, an international student, posted a message on the Student Room discussion site. He/she wantedimportant, but there was another consideration. “How are people like in these universities?” the post asked. “I have remained unconvinced.The thread highlights the difficulty that universities face in the age of social media. At a time when reputation is more How to reach an increasingly networked generation that is more inclined to trust the opinion of their anonymous peers Helen Pennack, head of marketing communications at the University of Leicester, says students now post queries on Fa strike up a two-way dialogue with students and they are taking the conversation away from us and having it with ot Her university has responded by setting up a system that allows students to sync (与……同步) communications from Warwick, which appointed a digital and online communications manager last year, knows well the benefits of having a have caused huge problems if spread, the university was able to tweet back, “We’re still here, honest”.He says the communications team check what is being said about the university on social media once or twice a day, an it is on a much more public space like Twitter or Facebook, someone like us can see it and respond.”The challenge for universities is not only to know where to respond but when, and getting the tone right. “W e are alwa somebody straight.”Some universities have al ready responded to this, she says, by having a group of students “primed to some extent to joi While Imperial College does not prime students, it does recruit a team of official student bloggers to write regularly ab digital media at Imperial, says the college could potentially ask them to blog on a particular subject, but had not do “They can and do say negative things about us,” she says. “When they do, it’s useful feedback.” It can also make the b Chris Fonseka, a third-year information systems student at Imperial, says he applied for a student blogger role because anxious to put queries about accommodation or finances to a real student.He says he has never felt restricted in what he writes. “If I honestly felt negative about Imperial, I would write about it, Tom Ridgewell went a step further. While studying media at the University of Lincoln, he decided to create a televisio of the ro om. Also, videos generally do a little better with an exaggerated title.”Ian Richards, press officer at Lincoln, says the university only became aware of the advertisements once they were an o field, but a bit of a blessing for us.” Ridgewell has since been commissioned to carry out work for the marketing de How far universities should try to control what members of their community say about them on social media is someth of the university on his blog.But, while institutions are paying increasing attention to what is said about them on the web, most recognise that there 1. In the post, Vshuf asked about several institutions’ _______.A) competitive strength C) academic reputationB) tuition fees D) social activities2. What do we learn about universities in the age of social media?A) They are seeking cooperation of foreign schools.B) They find it harder to manage their reputation.C) They have difficulty in balancing their budget.D) They are able to recruit more international students.3. When having questions about things like their timetables, students tend to _______.A) communicate with their instructors directlyB) contact the public office set by the universityC) call or email another student for the informationD) post messages and seek help on the internet4. According to Helen Pennack, to respond to the challenge, universities need to _______.A) have a social media presence C) restrict the use of social mediaB) own a Facebook or Twitter account D) talk with students face-to-face5. Peter Dunn assumes those who post messages on the Student Room intend to _______.A) get an immediate response from a real studentB) update the information about their universitiesC) help establish a good reputation for their universitiesD) complain about universities without their knowing6. What is said about the official student bloggers recruited by Imperial College?A) They will correct people if they are wrong.B) They are not restricted in what they write.C) They are asked to blog on a particular subject.D) They get low pay for sharing their experiences.7. Pamela Agar holds that official student bloggers’ saying negative things about Imperial can _______.A) turn off prospective students C) make the blogs more trustworthyB) ruin the university’s reputation D) draw an angry response from the viewer8. Chris Fonseka wanted to be a student blogger because blogging about his university was an ____________________9. The University of Lincoln only noticed the ads when they were ______________________________ and provoked10. Erik Ringmar quit the job at the London School of Economics due to his blog which ________________________ Part III Listening Comprehension(35 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answ11. A) He read the newspaper. C) He listened to a radio report.B) He read the cabinet report. D) His secretary telephoned him.12. A) Lower the rent of his apartment. C) Rent his apartment to the local newspaper.B) Put an advertisement in a newspaper. D) Find a potential renter during the in-season.13. A) To have a rest. C) To take cold drugs.B) To see a doctor. D) To listen carefully.14. A) She will treat the man tonight.B) She’d like to lend money to the man.C) The man will also have lots of money soon.D) The man shouldn’t have spent all his money.15. A) The company will beat other companies in business.B) The failure of the football team was just as expected.C) The company will not sponsor the football team.D) The football team fell short of the company’s expectations.16. A) They are short of hands. C) They will not hire more people.B) The man needs more chances. D) The man will have a chance to take a holiday.17. A) Results of genetic research. C) The way to get the blood sample.B) The blood sample collection. D) Religious concern about genetic research.18. A) He has no choice but to go home in a minute.B) He is unable to have a drink with the woman.C) He’ll join the woman after the report is finished.D) He’s very happy to accept the woman’s invitation.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) To ask for help finding a job.B) To ask him to give her some advice.C) To invite him to go shopping with her later.D) To find out what he’s doing during the summer.20. A) She might get a good job later.B) She could stay at a hotel at a discount.C) She might be able to get course credits for her work.D) It would give her a chance to make a lot of money immediately.21. A) Its strictness about punctuality. C) Its expensive rent.B) Its long-hour work. D) Its lower pay.22. A) Visit the hotel. C) Continue her job search for a while.B) Work in the clothing store. D) Make extra money while taking classes.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) The agents failed to deliver the wine.B) The consumers are not satisfied with the wine.C) The wine isn’t of the same brand as she ordered.D) The goods can’t get through the customs.24. A) Sometimes they are unreliable. C) On the whole they can be trusted.B) Obviously they have made a mistake. D) Generally speaking, they are very helpful.25. A) To ask the switchboard operator to take the message.B) To have the operator connect him to another office.C) To tell his forwarding agents to investigate the stuck goods.D) To send her enough amount of wine as quickly as possible.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some quest corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) He told no one about his disease.B) He worked hard to pay for his medication.C) He depended on the nurses in his final days.D) He had stayed in the hospital since he fell ill.27. A) She wanted to obey her mother.B) She found no one willing to listen to her.C) She thought it was shameful to have AIDS.D) She was afraid of being looked down upon.28. A) To remember her father.B) To draw people’s attention to AIDS.C) To show how little people knew about AIDS.D) To tell people about the sufferings of her father.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A) Your eyesight. C) The mechanical condition of your car.B) Your driving ability. D) Your knowledge of traffic regulations.30. A) To practice driving with an experienced driver.B) To drive under normal highway condition.C) To have the car checked by the license officer.D) To use it as an identification card.31. A) The license office provides the test vehicle.B) The examiner shows how to start, stop or park.C) The examiner watches you driving in your car.D) The test is carried out where there is little traffic.32. A) Drivers-to-be. C) License examiners.B) Traffic regulation makers. D) Policemen.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) She felt tired of taking care of patients.B) She had suffered a lot of mental pressure.C) She needed the right time to look after her children.D) She wanted to earn more money to support her family.34. A) They look like people raising pigs. C) They never do their work carefully.B) They look down upon cleaners. D) They always make a mess in their offices.35. A) Light-hearted because of her fellow workers.B) Happy because the building is fully lit.C) Tired because of the heavy workload.D) Bored because time passed slowly.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use theMany businesses, such as department stores, restaurants, hotels and airline companies, use a credit system for selling th immediately and (40) _________ to pay for them later. This “buy-now-pay-later” credit system is quite old. Peop le department stores issue credit cards to their customers. The store credit card can be used to make (43) _________ o you can buy airplane ticket, stay at hotels, and eat at restaurants with it. (45) _______________________________ ___________________________________________________________________.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any oQuestions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Distance learning has moved far away from the traditional correspondence course, aimed at the individual student work allow students both to proceed at their own pace, and to interact with one another and their teachers.Even without taking the technology to its limits, the idea of education as a lifelong process is catching on throughout th However, there is 52 in scholarly circles about how far the new technology should be used for teaching academic believing it to be no 54 for books and the exchange of ideas at live tutorials and summer schools.But the Open University is also moving with the tide. It has set up a “knowledge media institute” to explore ways of ad concept of “open”. Cost, of course, is an important factor in many developing countries, where few people have comSection BDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.In an experiment published last month, researchers from the University of Illinois recruited schoolchildren, ages 9 and The researchers sorted the children, based on their treadmill runs, into highest-, lowest- and median-fit categories. Only MRI technology to measure thevolume of specific areas.Previous studies found that fitter kids generally scored better on such tests. And in this case, too, those children pe attention and “executive control”. Since both groups of children had similar socioeconomic backgrounds, body mass inThe findings arrive at an important time. For budgetary and administrative reasons, school boards are reducing phyAt the same time, evidence accumulates about the positive impact of even small amounts of aerobic (有氧的) acBut it’s the neurological (神经的) impact of sustained aerobic fitness in young people that is especially compell The fittest of them were also more likely to go on to profitable careers than the least fit, rendering them less likely to liNo correlation was found between muscular strength and IQ scores. There’s no evidence that exercise leads to a hi57. The purpose of the University of Illinois experiment was to figure out .A) schoolchildren’s cognitive developmentB) the fitness levels of today’s school chil drenC) the effect of exercise on children’s brainsD) the structure of immature human brains58. The University of Illinois experiment was different from previous studies in that .A) its researchers categorized the children only by fitness levelsB) it highlighted the importance of students’ running on a treadmillC) it showed how being fit affects children’s performance on the testsD) it asked the subjects to complete tests that were beyond their levels59. What conclusion did researchers from the University of Illinois draw?A) Basal ganglia helped maintain attention.B) Fitness enlarged children’s basal ganglia.C) Overweight affected children’s complex memory.D) Kids with similar backgrounds performed similarly.60. What did the Swedish study published last year reveal?A) People who were unfit were more likely to live a miserable life.B) Boys who served in the army would have better job prospects.C) Soldiers’ IQ scores were strongly influenced by strength training.D) The fitter the young adults were, the higher IQs they would have.61. What does the author try to tell us in this passage?A) Aerobic exercise can make children smarter.B) Schools are responsible for children’s fitness.C) Military training should be taken seriously.D) Running on a treadmill is the best way of exercise.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Until last spring, Nia Parker and the other kids in her neighborhood commuted to school on Bus 59. But as fuel ros mile to school via a “walking school bus” — a group of kids, supervised by an adult or two, who make the walk togethLike the rest of us, school districts are feeling pinched by rising fuel costs—and finding new ways to adapt. The pri it doesn’t affect classroom instruction (or test scores). More than one third of school administr ators have eliminated buMany parents are delighted to see their kids walking to school, partly because many did so themselves: according to traffic, crime or simple bullying, but with organized adult supervision, those concerns have diminished.Schools and busing companies are finding other ways to save. In rural areas where busing is a must, some schools the most fuel-efficient routes, which ar en’t always the shortest ones.There could be downsides, however, to the busing cutbacks. If every formerly bused student begins walking to scho safety risks: A 2002 report concluded students are 13 times safer on a school bus than in a passenger car, since buses h62. What do we learn about the “walking school bus” from the passage?A) It is a heavy burden on the traffic.B) It does not consume fuel at all.C) It is very popular with school kids.D) It aims to keep children strong and healthy.63. As regards walking to school, modern parents seem much concerned about .A) the sudden changes in the routeB) their chil dren’s physical conditionsC) their children’s safety on the wayD) the distance their kids have to take64. What do some schools do in order to save on transportation costs?A) They choose to shorten the school week.B) They stop giving drivers good training.C) They eliminate routes or take the shortest routes.D) They switch to buses which are more fuel-efficient.65. What may eventually happen with the busing cutbacks?A) More students may choose to take public transportation.B) The safety of school buses may be decreased sharply.C) Competition among bus companies may become fiercer.D) There may be an increase in carbon dioxide emissions.66. The author’s attitude towards busing cutbacks is .A) critical B) favorable C) objective D) indifferentPart V Cloze (15 minutes) Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) anPopulation aging is a triumph of civilization. It is the 67 consequence of attaining desired smaller family sizes and longer lives, with many living beyond 100 years. This achievement, 68 , requires vital social and economic adjustments 69 expected future demographic (人口的) realities. In particular, population aging raises critical issues 70 economic growth, employment and retirement, 71 , health care and social support services. As a population ages, the 72 of elderly increases, and that of children decreases. For much of the past, children outnumbered (超过) the elderly by a factor of more than six to one. Today the ratio has 73 to about three children per one older person. 74 within the next few decades, perhaps by 67. A) indispensable C) inevitableB) potential D) incredible68. A) however C) otherwiseB) yet D) moreover69. A) at C) overB) with D) to70. A) as for C) far fromB) such as D) by far71. A) donations C) salariesB) earnings D) pensions72. A) portion C) proportion2060, the world’s elderly population will begin to 75 the population of children, when each group is expected to 76 for slightly less than one-fifth of the world population. Developed countries have already moved well along this transformation. But a notable 77 is the comparatively young U.S. population, where the number of children is 50% 78 than those aged 65 and older.Developing countries are now 79 a similar aging process, but 80 a much faster pace. Many developing countries that have experienced rapid fertility ( 人口出生率) are passing through this transition in a 81 of 25 years or less. As a(n) 82 of such rapid changes, accommodating the necessary social and economic adjustments to older population age structures will likely be 83 more difficult for developing countries.The wide 84 of consequence of population aging is of mounting 85 and significance for more developed countries — and are also 86 a worry for less developed countries.B) rate D) percentage73. A) declined C) descendedB) lessened D) slipped74. A) But C) AndB) Or D) So75. A) multiply C) assumeB) exceed D) reveal76. A) account C) regardB) call D) make77. A) occasion C) excuseB) expectation D) exception78. A) smaller C) fewerB) greater D) superior79. A) going by C) going throughB) going under D) going with80. A) at C) byB) on D) within81. A) extension C) rankB) scale D) span82. A) development C) contrastB) consequence D) influence83. A) even C) justB) still D) only84. A) amount C) rangeB) extent D) scope85. A) care C) considerationB) attention D) concern86. A) completely C) sincerelyB) increasingly D) absolutelyPart VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions:Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your trans87. If I had been on the spot then, I ___________________________(绝对不会错过这个机会).88. Achievements in education should not ___________________________(纯粹用考试结果来衡量).89. Having settled in that remote area, the young man quickly ___________________________(适应了那里恶劣的90. They have a good knowledge of English but little ___________________________(他们懂德语).91. She felt keenly thrilled ___________________________(一想到要见他).。

2024年06月大学英语四级考试真题（第1套）Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: Suppose your university is seeking students’ opinions on whether university libraries should be open to the public. You are now to write an essay to express your view. You will have 30 minutes for the task. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.PartⅡListening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）, B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) Due to a fire alarm in their apartments.B) Because of the smoke and heat damage.C) Due to the water used to extinguish the flames.D) Because of the collapse of the three-story building.2. A) Investigating the cause of the incident.B) Helping search for the suspect of the crime.C) Rescuing the businessmen trapped in the building.D) Checking town records for the property developer.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) It plays a less important role in one’s health than nutrient intake.B) It impacts people’s health to a lesser degree than sun exposure.C) It is associated with people’s mental health conditions.D) It is linked with older adults’ sympt oms of depression.4. A) It was indefinite. C) It was straightforward.B) It was systematic. D) It was insignificant.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) It has helped solve several murder cases.B) It has become a star police dog in Beijing.C) It has surpassed its mother in performance.D) It has done better than naturally born dogs.6. A) To speed up investigation into criminal cases. C) To cut down training expenses.B) To test the feasibility of cloning technology. D) To reduce their training time.7. A) Cloning is too complicated a process. C) Cloning is ethically controversial.B) The technology is yet to be accepted. D) The technology is too expensive.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) He read it somewhere online. C) He read an article reviewing it.B) He heard about it from a coworker. D) He watched a TV series based on it.9. A) His publications. C) His address.B) His first book. D) His name.10. A) Collect a lot more data. C) Clarify many new concepts.B) Relax a bit less often. D) Read more reference books.11. A) Find out the show’s most interesting episodes. C) Get an e-copy of the book to read.B) Watch the series together with the woman. D) Check to see when the show starts.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) To check the prices of his farm produce.B) To ask the way to the Newcastle City Hall.C) To inquire about the vegetarian food festival.D) To seek the man’s help with her work on the farm.13. A) Bakers. C) Vegetarians.B) Vendors. D) Organisers.14. A) The issuing of certificates to vendors. C) The festival they are organising.B) The completion of the baking task. D) The deadline for application.15. A) The closing date of submission. C) The details of the ceremony.B) The website of his company. D) The organiser’s address.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) Most scenic sites have been closed. C) Health experts advise going outdoors.B) Access to official campsites is limited. D) People have more time during the summer.17. A) It is strongly opposed by nearby residents. C) It has caused environmental concerns.B) It leads to much waste of public money. D) It has created conflicts among campers.18. A) Look for open land in Scotland. C) Avoid getting close to wilderness.B) Leave no trace of their camping. D) Ask for permission from authorities. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) They outcompete mythical creatures. C) They truly exist in the Amazon region.B) They usually mind their own business. D) They resemble alarmingly large snakes.20. A) Scar tissue from dolphins’ fighting. C) Unhealed wounds from snake bites.B) Skin infection from water pollution. D) Swimming along in seasonal floods.21. A) It has been shrinking at an astonishing pace.B) It has been placed under international protection.C) It has been appealing to both freshwater and sea dolphins.D) It has been abandoned as a battleground for male dolphins.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) About 58% of young adults call parental support the new normal.B) Most adult children enjoy increasing sources of financial support.C) A full 70% of the young adults cannot afford to buy a car by themselves.D) Most early adults cannot sustain their lifestyles without parental support.23. A) It renders them dependent. C) It makes them mentally immature.B) It causes them to lose dignity. D) It hinders them from getting ahead.24. A) It challenges one’s willpower. C) It calls for due assistance.B) It results from education. D) It defines adulthood.25. A) Current lifestyles. C) College loans.B) Poor budgeting. D) Emergency expenses.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once．It’s well known that physical exercise is beneficial not just to physical health but also to mental health. Yet whereas most countries have 26 , evidence-backed guidelines on the type and intensity of exercise 27 for various physical health benefits, such guidelines do not yet exist for exercise and mood.This is 28 due to a lack of necessary evidence. However, a new systematic review brings us usefully up-to-date on the current findings in this area.Before 29 into some of the key take-aways, an important 30 made in the review is between aerobic exercise and anaerobic. The former 31 such things as walking, jogging and cycling and means exercising in such a way that your body is able to use oxygen to burn fat for energy. In contrast, anaerobic exercise—such as lifting heavy weights—is of such 32 intensity that your body does not have time to use oxygen to create energy and so instead it breaks down glucose (葡萄糖) in your blood or muscles.Beginning first with the influence of exercise intensity on the mood benefits of aerobic exercise, the researchers, led by John Chan at Shenzhen University, found 33 results from19 relevant studies. Some favoured higher intensity, others low, while seven studies found that intensity made no 34 to mood benefits.In relation to the intensity of anaerobic exercise, however, the results were far clearer—the optimum (最佳选择) for improving mood is 35 intensity, perhaps because low intensity is too dull while high intensity is too unpleasant.Section BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Why Do Americans Work So Much?A)How will we all keep busy when we only have to work 15 hours a week? That was thequestion that worried the British economist John Maynard Keynes when he wrote his short essay “Economic Possibilities for Our Grandchildren” in 1930. Over the next century, h e predicted, the economy would become so productive that people would barely need to work at all. For a while, it looked like Keynes was right. In 1930 the average working week was47 hours in the United States. But by 1970, the number of hours Americans worked onaverage had fallen to slightly less than 39.B)But then something changed. Instead of continuing to decline, the duration of the workingweek remained stable. It has stayed at just below 40 hours for nearly five decades. So what happened? Why are people working just as much today as in 1970?C)There would be no mystery in this if Keynes had been wrong about the power of technologyto increase the economy’s productivity, which he thought would lead to a standard of living “between four and eight times as high as it is today.” But Keynes got that right: Technology has made the economy massively more productive. According to Benjamin M. Friedman, an economist at Harvard, the U.S. economy is right on track to reach Keynes’s eight-fold (八倍) multiple by 2029. That is a century after the last data Keynes would have had access to.D)In a new paper, Friedman tries to figure out why that increased productivity has nottranslated into increased leisure time. Perhaps people just never feel materially satisfied, always wanting more money to buy the next new thing. This is a theory that appeals tomany economists. “This argument is, at best, far from sufficient,” he writes. If that were the case, why did the duration of the working week decline in the first place?E)Another theory Friedman considers is that, in an era of ever fewer settings that provideeffective opportunities for personal connections and relationships, people may place more value on the socializing that happens at work. There is support for this theory. Many people today consider colleagues as friends. But Friedman argues that the evidence for this theory is far from conclusive. Many workers report that they would like to spend more time with family, rather than at work. Furthermore, this theory cannot explain the change in trend in the U.S. working week in the 1970s.F) A third possibility proves more convincing for Friedman. That is: American inequalitymeans that the gains of increasing productivity are not widely shared by everyone. In other words, most Americans are too poor to work less. Unlike the other two explanations Friedman considers, this one fits chronologically (按年代). Inequality declined in America during the period following World War II, along with the duration of the working week.But since the early 1970s it has risen dramatically.G)Keynes’s prediction of a shorter working week rests on the idea that the standard of livingwould continue rising for everyone. But Friedman says that this is not what has happened.Although Keynes’s eight-fold figure holds up for the economy as a whole, it is not at all the case for the median (中位数的) American worker. For them, output by 2029 is likely to be around 3.5 times what it was when Keynes was writing. This is a bit below his four- to eight-fold predicted range.H)This can be seen in the median worker’s income over this time period, complete with a shiftin 1973 that fits in precisely with when the working week stopped shrinking. According to Friedman, between 1947 and 1973 the average hourly wage for normal workers (those who were not in management roles) in private industries other than agriculture nearly doubled in terms of what their money could buy. But by 2013 the average hourly wage for ordinary workers had fallen 5 percent from the 1973 level in terms of actual purchasing power. Thus, though American incomes may have gone up since 1973, the amount that American workers can actually buy with their money has gone down. For most Americans, then, the magic of increasing productivity stopped working around 1973. Thus, they had to keep working just as much in order to maintain their standard of living.I)What Keynes predicted was a very optimistic version of what economists call technologicalunemployment. This is the idea that less labor will be necessary because machines can do so much. In Keynes’s vision, the resulting unemployment would be distributed more or less evenly across society in the form of increased leisure. But Friedman says that, for Americans, reality is much darker. Americans now have a labor market in which millions of people—those with fewer skills and less education—are seeking whatever poorly paid work they can get. This is confirmed by a recent poll that found that, for half of hourly workers, their top concern is not that they work too much but that they work too little. This is most likely not because they like their jobs so much. Rather, we can assume it is because they need the money.J)This explanation leaves an important question. If the very rich—the workers who have reaped above-average gains from the increased productivity since Keynes’s time—can afford to work less, why do they continue to work so much? (Indeed, research has shownthat the highest earners in America tend to work the most.) Friedman believes that for many top earners, work is a labor of love. They are doing work they care about and are interested in, and doing more of it is not necessarily a burden. For them, it may even be a pleasure.These top earners derive meaning from their jobs and work is an important part of how they think of themselves. And, of course, they are compensated for it at a level that makes it worth their while.K)Friedman concludes that the prosperity(繁荣) Keynes predicted is here. After all, the economy as a whole has grown even more brilliantly than he expected. But for most Americans, that prosperity is nowhere to be seen. And, as a result, neither are those shorter working weeks.36. Some people view socializing at the workplace as a chance to develop personal relationships.37. As ordinary American workers’ average hourly pay had decreased despite increasing productivity, they had to work just as many hours as before to keep their living standards.38. American workers’ average weekly working time has not changed for nearly half a century.39. Friedman believes inequality in the U.S. largely explains why increasing productivity has not resulted in reduced working hours.40. Man y economists assume people’s thirst for material things has prevented them from enjoying more leisure time.41. An economist’s prediction about a shorter average working week seemed to be correct fora time in the 20th century.42. In the U.S. labor market, the primary concern of people with less schooling and fewer skills is to secure any employment even if it is low-paid.43. Keynes was right in predicting that technology would make the economy much more productive.44. Many of the highest earners have a keen interest in and love for what they are doing.45. According to Keynes, there would be a shorter working week with everyone’s standard of living continuing to rise.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Lao Zi once said, “Care about what other people think and you will always be their prisoner.”People-pleasing, or seeking self-worth through oth ers’ approval, is unproductive and an exhausting way to go through life. Why do we allow what others think of us to have so much power over how we feel about ourselves? If it’s true that you can’t please all people all of the time, wouldn’t it make sense t o stop trying?Unfortunately, sense often isn’t driving our behavior. For social beings who desire love and belonging, wanting to be liked, and caring about the effect we have on others, is healthy and allows us to make connections. However, where we get into trouble is when our self-worth is dependent upon whether we win someone’s approval or not.This need to be liked can be traced back to when we were children and were completely dependent on others to take care of us: Small children are not just learning how to walk and communicate, they are also trying to learn how the world works. We learn about who we are and what is expected of us based on interactions with others, so, to a four-year-old, if Mommy or Daddy doesn’t like him or her, there is the danger that they will abandon them. We need to understand that when we desperately want someone to approve of us, it’s being driven by that little kid part of us that is still terrified of abandonment.As you become more capable of providing yourself with the approval you seek, your need for external validation will start to vanish, leaving you stronger, more confident, and yes, happier in your life. Imagine how much time we lose each moment we restrain our authentic selves in an effort to be liked.If we base our worth on the opinions of others, we cheat ourselves of the power to shape our experiences and embrace life not only for others but also for ourselves, because ultimately, there is no difference. So embrace the cliché (老话) and lo ve yourself as it’s highly doubtful that you’ll regret it.46. What can we conclude from Lao Zi’s quotation?A) We should see through other people’s attempt to make a prisoner of us.B) We can never really please other people even if we try as hard as we can.C) We can never be truly free if taking to heart others’ opinion of us.D) We should care about other people’s view as much as they care about our own.47. What will happen if we base our self-worth on other people’s approval?A) Our desire to be loved will be fulfilled.B) Our life will be unfruitful and exhausting.C) Our identity as social beings will be affected.D) Our sense of self will be sharpened and enhanced.48. What may account for our need to be liked or approved of?A) Our desperate longing for interactions with others.B) Our understanding of the workings of the world.C) Our knowledge about the pain of abandonment.D) Our early childhood fear of being deserted.49. What can we do when we become better able to provide ourselves with the desired approval?A) Enjoy a happier life. C) Receive more external validation.B) Exercise self-restraint. D) Strengthen our power of imagination.50. What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph?A) Embrace life for ourselves and for others. C) See our experiences as assets.B) Base our worth on others’ opinions. D) Love ourselves as we are.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Some people have said aging is more a slide into forgetfulness than a journey towards wisdom. However, a growing body of research suggests that late-in-life learning is possible. In reality, education does an aging brain good.Throughout life, people’s bra ins constantly renovate themselves. In the late 1960s, British brain scientist Geoffrey Raisman spied growth in damaged brain regions of rats through an electron microscope; their brains were forging new connections. This meant brains may change every time a person learns something new.Of course, that doesn’t mean the brain isn’t affected by the effects of time. Just as height usually declines over the years, so does brain volume: Humans lose about 4 percent every decade starting in their 40s. But that re duction doesn’t necessarily make people think slower; as long as we are alive and functioning, we can alter our brains with new information and experiences.In fact, scientists now suspect accumulating novel experiences, facts, and skills can keep people’s minds more flexible. New pathways can strengthen our ever-changing mental structure, even as the brain shrinks.Conventional fixes like word puzzles and brain-training apps can contribute to mental durability. Even something as simple as taking a different route to the grocery store or going somewhere new on vacation can keep the brain healthy.A desire for new life challenges can further boost brainpower. Research about aging adults who take on new enterprises shows improved function and memory as well as a reduced risk of mental disease. Openness—a characteristic defined by curiosity and a desire for knowledge—may also help folks pass brain tests. Some folks are born with this take-in-the-world attitude, but those who aren’t as genetically gifted aren’t necessarily out of luck. While genes can encourage an interest in doing new things, a 2012 study in the journal Psychology and Aging found completing reasoning tasks like puzzles and number games can enhance that desire for novel experiences, which can, in turn, refresh the brain. That’s why brain scientist Richard Kennedy says “It’s not that old dogs can’t learn new tricks. It’s that maybe old dogs don’t realize why they should. ”51. What do some people think of aging adults?A) Their wisdom grows as time goes by. C) They can benefit from late-in-life learning.B) Their memory gradually deteriorates. D) They are likely to have mental health issues.52. What can we conclude from Geoffrey Raisman’s finding?A) Brain damage seriously hinders one’s learning.B) Brain power weakens slower than we imagine.C) Brains can refresh and improve with learning.D) Brains forge connections under new conditions.53. What is one thing that helps maintain the health of our brain even as it shrinks?A) Doing daily routines by conventional means.B) Avoiding worrying about our mental durability.C) Imitating old dogs’ way of learning new tricks.D) Approaching everyday tasks in novel ways.54. What does the author say can contribute to the improvement of brain function?A) Being curious and desiring knowledge.B) Being eager to pass brain tests at an old age.C) Rising to life’s challenges and avoiding risks.D) Boosting immunity to serious mental diseases.55. What is the finding of the 2012 study in the journal Psychology and Aging?A) Wishing to solve puzzles enhances one’s reasoning power.B) Playing number games unexpectedly stimulates one’s memory.C) Desiring new experiences can help to renovate the brain.D) Learning new tricks should not be confined to old dogs only.Part ⅣTranslation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.四合院（siheyuan）是中国一种传统的住宅建筑，其特点是房屋建造在一个院子的四周，将院子合围在中间。