高中英语 Unit 1 A land of diversity背景知识拓展 新人教版选修8

选修8Unit 1 A land of diversity要点梳理高效梳理·知识备考●重点单词1．distinct adj.清晰的；明显的；明确的→distinction n．差别；区分；卓著2．means n．手段；方法3．majority n．大多数；大半→minority n．少数4．despite prep.尽管；不管5．elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人→election n．选举6．percentage n．百分比；百分率7．boom n．(人口、贸易的)繁荣 vi.处于经济迅速发展时期8．applicant n．申请人→apply v．申请→application n．申请9．customs n．海关；关税；进口税10．occur vi.发生；出现11．indicate vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示→indication n．迹象→indicator n．指示器，指示物12．luggage n．行李13．apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的→apparently adv.明显地14．slip vi.滑动；滑行；滑跤 n．滑动；滑倒15．hire vt. & n．租用，雇用16．nowhere adv.无处；到处都无17．punishment n．处罚；惩罚→punish v．惩罚；处罚18．justice n．正义；公平→injustice(反义词)●重点短语1．live on继续存在；继续生存2．by means of... 用……办法；借助……3．make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等4．keep up坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)5．back to back 背靠背6．team up with 与……合作或一起工作7．mark out画线；标出……界线8．take in包括；吸收9．a great/good many许多；很多10．apply for申请；请示得到●重点句型1．However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.然而，美洲土著人很可能在15 000年前就在加州生活着。

高中英语必修课---Unit1A land of diversity语言点知识讲解及巩固练习题（含答案解析）学习目标重点词汇distinction,majority,elect,percentage,boom, occur,indicate,apparently,slip,hire重点短语by means of make a life,team up with,mark out,apply for take in,live on,a great many,keep up重点句型There be+sb.+doing...with复合结构知识讲解重点词汇distinction【原句回放】It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA...加州与众不同之处在于他也是美国最具多元化文化特征的一个州......【点拨】distinction n.区别,差别；卓越常用搭配：make a distinction between把......与......区分开make no distinction没有区别have a distinction of有......与众不同之处with distinction优异地，显著地Mr.Green has the distinction of having been the first president of the famous school.格林先生不同凡响，他是这所著名学校的首任校长。

The law makes no distinction between men and women.这条法律没有男性和女性的区别。

【拓展1】distinct adj.清晰的，明显的，明确的distinguish v.区分，辨别；把......区别分类，使杰出There was a distinct smell of gas when I opened the door.我打开门时有一种明显的煤气味。

Unit 1 A land of diversity(Notes to the texts)1 California加利福尼亚。

美国人口最多的州。

位于美国西部太平洋沿岸, 主要城市有洛杉矶、旧金山和圣地亚哥。

终年阳光明媚、气候温和, 是著名的旅游胜地。

2 Native Americans美洲土著人。

他们主要是印第安人。

在西方殖民者15世纪来到之前广泛分布于南北美洲各地。

学者一般认为, 他们的祖先是在上一次冰河期结束之前由亚洲大陆经由白令海峡迁徙来的, 在美洲已生活了一万多年。

3 Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men who came to teach the Catholic religion to the natives. 在首批移居加州的西班牙人中, 大部分是来向土著人传授天主教的宗教人士。

Catholic religion天主教。

与东正教、新教并列的基督教三大派别之一, 亦称公教。

4 Although Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period, it was the building of the railway from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s. 虽然中国移民在淘金热时期就开始到来了, 但是更大批量的移民却是在19世纪60年代为了修建贯穿美国东西海岸的铁路而来的。

the Gold Rush Period淘金热时期。

1848年, 在美国加利福尼亚的萨克拉曼多发现大金矿, 形成了著名的加利福尼亚淘金热。

两年内世界黄金产量倍增, 从此圣弗朗西斯科(San Francisco) 被中国移民称为旧金山。

教学设计：1.知识目标①通过听A Holiday in California 了解加利福尼亚州的地理，历史，文化风土人情。

②掌握本篇文章中出现的重点词汇，短语和句式表达。

2.能力目标①培养训练学生的听力方法和技巧快速获取文章大意抓取信息和处理信息的能力。

②运用所学词汇组织语言，口头表达及写出文章。

3.情感价值观了解California 概况，激发学生对英语的学习兴趣。

4.教学重点，难点教学重点：听说写能力的培养和技巧的训练，快速找出主旨大意，获取相关信息。

培养学生获取信息，处理信息，分析问题和解决问题的能力。

教学难点：引导学生运用所学词汇和短语进行对话重组，进一步写作。

5.教学方法1）任务型教学法（Task-based teaching method）。

读之前，教师设定听说写的任务，学生在听的过程中思考，分析，讨论，最终解决问题。

最后通过任务的完成而实现对所学知识的意义建构。

2）多媒体辅助教学法。

把有关加利福尼亚的文本，图片等信息融合在课件中，发挥学生的多种感官作用，激发学生学习兴趣，提高学习效率。

6.教学过程设计Step 1 Warming-up and Lead-inStep 2 ListeningStep 3 SpeakingStep 4 Writing7.具体教学步骤教师通过一首California 歌曲导入，要求学生听完填空，从而了解关于“加利福尼亚”的信息，使学生迅速的进入学习状态。

California 歌手：Mindy GledhillHave you been to California 你曾去过加利福尼亚州吗?Seen the and people there 看到那里的景象和人Walked the streets of sea towns 在宁静的沿海小镇的街道散步Tasted ocean air 尝着咸咸的海洋空气Once I flew to New York City 有一次我飞到纽约Took my picture in Times Square 在时代广场照了相Soho nights and Broadway lights Soho 区的夜晚和百老汇的灯光Such a you weren't there 多遗憾你不在这里your bags and lock your door 收拾起你的包锁上你的门I'll take you places you've not been before 我将带你去一个你从未去过的地方All I've ever to do is 我曾经很想做的是Travel through this life with you 和你旅游走过这生Make your way to London, England 前进去伦敦，英格兰吧Paris, France is also nice 法国巴黎也很好Ooh la la, when people say hello 噢啦啦，当人们说你好They kiss your three times 他们多次亲吻你的脸颊Pack your bags and lock your door 收拾起你的包锁上你的门I'll take you places you've not been before 我将带你去一个你从未去过的地方All I've ever wished to do is 我曾经很想做的是Travel through this life with you 和你旅游走过这生Monte Carlo is 蒙特卡洛在等候着Bombay intoxicating 孟买令人陶醉的The sky in Bora Bora is 波拉波拉岛的天空The color of your eyes 是你眼睛的颜色Pack your bags and lock your door 收拾起你的包锁上你的门I'll take you places you've not been before 我将带你去一个你从未去过的地方All I've ever wished to do is 我曾经很想做的是Travel through this life with you 和你旅游走过这生Pack your bags and lock your door 收拾起你的包锁上你的门I'll take you places you've not been before 我将带你去一个你从未去过的地方All I've ever wished to do is 我曾经很想做的是Travel through this life with you 和你旅游走过这生With you 和你一起George (G) is on holiday in the United States. He is touring around California. Listen to him phoning home to talk to his friend Christie (C) and fill in the blanks.C: Hello.G: Hi, Christie. It’s me, George.C: Gosh, George! are you?G: In Joshua Tree National Park.C: Wow, where’s that?G: It’s in California.C: Lucky you! What are you doing down there?G: Well, I in northern California and I’ve been traveling .C: Cool. So how’s the been?G: Jolly good. There’s so much to see and it’s nothing like I imagined.C: Really?G: Yeah. I expected everyone to live the beach in big houses, and I thought everyone here would be .C: (laughing) Just as I thought. You’ve watched too many American !G: I know, and they can give you the idea!C: So, tell me, what’s it really like?G: Well, some people live near the ; but further east, in the central part, is a valley where they grow all sorts of things like cotton, , nuts and fruit, oh lots of things. And lots of cattle.C: Mmm, sounds . What other scenery is there?G: Well, if you go southeast, you come to mountains and desert. That is really spectacular.C: Sounds fantastic! So you’re in the desert at the ?G: Yes, that’s right. It’s very hot and very different from the of California.C: I wish I could see it for . What are the people like?G: Well, I didn’t realize there were so many different and cultures here.C: Such as?G: Well, there are and Americans of course, and lots of Asians. And about a of all Californians are Hispanic.C: Hispanic?G: People whose came from Spanish speaking countries in South America.C: Oh I see.G: So there’s a huge difference in and the way people . Lots of different art, different types of , music, food and anything else you can of.C: Sounds great. And what about …?1.Where did George’s tour start and in which direction has he been traveling?2.What surprised George about California?3.Why did George have the wrong idea about California before he went there?4.Why are there so many different kinds of music, food and art in California?Dear Christie,I'm here in Joshua Tree National Park, in . Have been travelling around the state of California for three weeks now. Very different from what I have seen in .Not everyone is and not everyone lives near the . First travelled southeast through rich farmland then to the central part. They grow everything here including , , , and fruit. Cattle too. Then travelled further into mountains and .Californians are very friendly, and they are from many different and cultures. Every culture has its own , ,food and art. Most interesting.Wish you were here. Give my love to Paula.Yours,GeorgeStep5. Read the questions and expressions below. There are different ways for a speaker to encourage someone else to talk. Christie uses some of them to find out more about George's tour. Listen to the tape again and underline the questions and expressions that Christie uses.In pairs hold a telephone conversation about a place you have visited recently. Try to use the expressions above to indicate that you are listening carefully to your partner.★Stand back to back with your partner.★ Partner A: talk about where the place is, what the climate is like, what youthought about the people, and any other interesting things you saw or did.★Partner B: Encourage your partner to talk by asking questions and makingcomments.★Swap roles: Partner B tells Partner A about his/her visit.Imagine you are on holiday on the Great Wall. Write an email or a postcard to a friend to introduce it.内容要点：1.历史: 有两千多年的历史。

人教版高中英语选修8 Unit 1 A land of diversity 教学设计Unit 1 A land of diversityReading CaliforniaI.教学内容分析单元话题和结构本单元主要围绕具有多元文化的美国这一主题展开，重点介绍了加利福尼亚的多元文化特征，使学生对加州移民有深入了解并认识到“美国是民族的熔炉”。

通过本单元学习，培养学生跨文化交际意识，进一步拓宽视野，为终身学习奠定良好基础。

II.Teaching Goals:1.To review what Ss have already known about California?2.To develop Ss’ some basic reading skills.3.To arouse Ss’ interest in learning about the history of people in California.4.To help Ss learn the huge diversity of races and cultures in America, especiallyin California.教学重点和难点1.教学重点(1)本单元教学目的和要求中的生词和短语；(2)了解加利福尼亚移民的特点以及加州的人文、历史等。

2.教学难点(1)了解美国文化的多元化特征，培养学生跨文化交际的意识，提高他们自身的素质；(2)学会使用“方向和位置”来介绍一个地方或描述一个事件，以及鼓励别人说话的方法；(3)学写有关介绍国家或城市等的说明文。

III.Teaching Procedures:Purpose: To get Ss to know how to skim for the gist.To get Ss to know the brief history focusing on the settlement of the state of California.To let Ss learn how to organize an expository writing.1.L ead-inPurpose: To arouse students’ interest in the text and encourage Ss to imagine the content of the text.Ask Ss to listen to the brife introduction about USA and finish the quiz.2.FastreadingPurpose: To get a brief understanding of the text.(1)Ask Ss to look through the text quickly. Then ask them to divide the passage into three parts according to the main idea of each part.Part 1（）Brief introduction to California.California is the largest state with the largest in the USA.It’s also the most state because of its history.Part 2（）When and why people from different countries moved to California.Part 3（）The future of California.(2)Ask Ss to read the text again and work in pairs and finish the three tasks.Task 1 Read the para 2&3，fill in the blanks.※Native Americans1.Living in California2.They crossed the Bering Strait to America by means o f a .3.in the 16th century: Native American skilled by Europeansforced into slavery died from the diseasesurvived the terrible times16th century18th centuryIn 1821In 1846Task 2 Read the para 4&5,then complete the T or F1.In the early 1800s, Russian hunters began settling in California.2.In 1848, before the American-Mexican war, gold was discovered in California.3.A lot of adventurers achieved their dream of becoming rich.4.California became the thirty-first state of the USA in 1850.Task 3 Read the para6-9,fill in the ter ArrivalsPart 3 The future: It will become a mixture of many races and cultures.※Summary （知识建构）California is the most state in the USA. The first settlers arrived in California by of a land bridge. In the 18th century, California wasby Spain, which had a deep effect on California. In 1848, gold was discovered in California, and the dream of becoming attracted people from all over the world. In the 1860s the building of the brought more Chinese there. In more recent decades, California has become to more people from Asia. Attracted by the climate and the , many people still to California. In the near future, California will become a mixture of many and cultures without any major racial or cultural groups.※巩固训练Check the new words and phrases in the reading.继续存在用...办法；通过习惯新的生活方式、工作等坚持；维持选择；选举；决定做某事大多数；大半※精讲点拨means n．手段；方法(单复数相同)eg.All possible means have been tried, but not a means has worked.所有可能的方法都尝试过了，但是没有一种方法奏效。

Unit 1A land of diversity——多元化的社会重点单词1．means n. [C]方法；手段(单复数同形)(1)means作为一个单复数同形的名词，常及主谓一致结合起来进行考查。

要注意，means作主语时，前有every, each, one等修饰语时，谓语动词用单数；前有several, some, many, few, all等修饰语时，谓语动词用复数。

means n．手段；方法；mean v．意思是；打算by all means当然可以，一定，务必by means of 依靠by no means 绝不，一点也不by this means ＝in this way用这种方法means of travel /transportation交通方式【易错提示】(1)当means作主语且有every, each, one等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数；有some, several, many, few等词修饰时，谓语动词用复数。

(2)by no means放到句首时，句子用部分倒装语序。

By no means shall I do it.我绝不会干那事。

Every possible means has been tried, but none worked.＝All means have been tried, but none worked.各种办法都尝试了，但没有一种奏效。

way 多及in连用，构成in...waymethod 多及with连用，构成with...methodmeans 多及by连用，构成by...meansapproach 多及to连用，构成approach to...用means, method, way和approach的适当形式填空。

(1)He thought of an efficient________to the study of English idioms.(2)He solved the problem by this________.(3)She tried to find a________to solve the puzzle.(4)We have no better ideas, so let's try your________.(5)By no means________such a good opportunity!A．shall I miss B．I shall missC．miss I D．I miss2．majority n. 大多数；大半点拨：(1)单独用作主语，谓语动词用单数、复数均可。