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第1篇Ladies and Gentlemen,Good morning/afternoon. It is a great honor to stand before you today to share my thoughts on the future of our world, as seen through the lensof a university student. As we gather here in this magnificent hall, I am reminded of the diverse and vibrant community that we are part of –a community that is united by our pursuit of knowledge, our dreams, and our aspirations.The world today stands at a crossroads. We are faced with unprecedented challenges that require innovative solutions and collaborative efforts. Climate change, economic inequality, technological advancements, and political tensions are just a few of the issues that we must confront. However, these challenges also present us with incredible opportunities for growth, innovation, and positive change.The Climate Crisis: A Call to ActionFirst and foremost, let us talk about climate change. The science is clear, and the consequences are dire. Rising sea levels, extreme weather events, and loss of biodiversity are just a few of the consequences that we face if we do not take immediate action. As university students, we have a responsibility to be at the forefront of this battle.We must advocate for sustainable practices in our daily lives, from reducing our carbon footprint to supporting renewable energy initiatives. We should also engage in research that contributes to the understanding and mitigation of climate change. By doing so, we can inspire others to join us in this critical endeavor.Economic Inequality: A Bridge to UnityNext, we must address the issue of economic inequality. The gap between the rich and the poor is widening, and it threatens to divide our societies. Education, more than ever, is a key to bridging this divide. As students, we are fortunate to have access to resources that can empower us to make a difference.We should strive to create a more inclusive educational environment that allows students from all backgrounds to succeed. Furthermore, we must advocate for policies that promote fair wages, social security, and economic opportunities for all. By doing so, we can create a more equitable and just world.Technological Advancements: A Catalyst for InnovationThe rapid pace of technological advancements has the potential to transform our lives for the better. Artificial intelligence, blockchain, and biotechnology are just a few examples of the groundbreaking innovations that are shaping our future. As university students, we are at the forefront of this technological revolution.We must embrace these advancements with an open mind and a spirit of innovation. By doing so, we can create solutions to some of the world's most pressing problems. Moreover, we should use technology to connect with others, to share knowledge, and to foster global understanding.Political Tensions: A Path to PeaceIn an increasingly interconnected world, political tensions can havefar-reaching consequences. As students, we have the power to promote dialogue and understanding between different cultures and nations. We must work towards fostering a culture of peace and tolerance.We can start by engaging in international exchange programs, where wecan learn from one another and build bridges of friendship. Additionally, we should support initiatives that promote diplomacy and conflict resolution. By doing so, we can contribute to a more stable and peaceful world.The Role of Universities in Shaping the FutureUniversities, as institutions of higher learning, play a crucial role in shaping the future. They are not only places where knowledge is acquired but also hubs of innovation and cultural exchange. As students, we are the future leaders, and it is our responsibility to ensure that our universities live up to their potential.We must advocate for a curriculum that equips us with the skills and knowledge necessary to tackle the challenges of tomorrow. We should also encourage our universities to foster a culture of innovation, where ideas are welcomed and collaboration is valued.Conclusion: Together We Can Shape the FutureIn conclusion, the future of our world is in our hands. As university students, we have the power to drive positive change, to innovate, and to inspire others. By addressing the challenges of climate change, economic inequality, technological advancements, and political tensions, we can create a more sustainable, equitable, and peaceful world.Let us not underestimate the impact we can have. Let us be the change-makers, the visionaries, and the leaders that our world needs. Together, we can shape the future, and together, we can make it a better place for all.Thank you for your attention, and let us embark on this journey of discovery, collaboration, and positive change.End of Speech第2篇Ladies and Gentlemen,Good morning! It is with great pleasure and immense pride that I stand before you today to deliver this speech, which marks a significant moment in our university's journey towards global connectivity. As we gather here today, we are part of a vibrant community that values education, diversity, and the pursuit of knowledge. And in this pursuit, English stands as a universal language that connects us all.In the ever-evolving world we live in, where technology has shrunk the globe and brought people closer than ever before, the importance of English cannot be overstated. It is the lingua franca of the global village, a bridge that connects cultures, ideas, and opportunities. Therefore, I urge each and every one of us to embrace the power of English and make it an integral part of our lives.Let us begin by acknowledging the role that English has played in shaping the history of our university. Founded in the spirit of international exchange and academic excellence, our institution has always strived to provide a platform for students from diverse backgrounds to come together and learn from one another. English, as our medium of instruction, has been the cornerstone of this mission, enabling us to offer a world-class education that transcends geographical boundaries.Today, as we celebrate the importance of English, let us reflect on the following key points:1. Cultural Exchange: English has the power to break down cultural barriers and foster a sense of unity among people from different walks of life. By learning English, we gain the ability to communicate with confidence and empathy, understanding the perspectives and experiences of others. This cultural exchange not only enriches our personal growth but also prepares us to be global citizens who can contribute to the betterment of society.2. Career Opportunities: In today's interconnected world, proficiency in English is a prerequisite for success in the global job market. English-speaking countries offer a plethora of career opportunities, from multinational corporations to international organizations. By mastering English, we equip ourselves with the skills needed to navigate this competitive landscape and secure our future.3. Academic Excellence: English is the language of science, technology, and research. By being proficient in English, we gain access to a vast repository of knowledge, enabling us to stay updated with the latest advancements in our fields. Moreover, publishing our research in English ensures that our work reaches a wider audience, fostering collaboration and innovation.4. Personal Development: Learning English is not just about acquiring a language; it is about personal development. It enhances our cognitive abilities, boosts our confidence, and opens our minds to new ideas. It teaches us patience, discipline, and the importance of perseverance.These skills are invaluable in all aspects of our lives, whether in our academic pursuits or our personal growth.As we commit ourselves to embracing the power of English, let us also recognize the challenges that lie ahead. It is not an easy task to master a new language, especially when we are surrounded by our native tongues. However, it is through overcoming these challenges that we can truly appreciate the beauty and power of English.Here are some steps that we can take to enhance our English proficiency:1. Practice Regularly: Like any skill, learning a language requires consistent practice. Dedicate time each day to reading, writing, speaking, and listening in English. Engage with native speakers through conversation clubs, language exchange partners, or online communities.2. Immerse Yourself in English: Surround yourself with English as much as possible. Watch English movies, listen to English music, and read English books. This will help you become more comfortable with the language and improve your pronunciation and vocabulary.3. Seek Professional Guidance: If you find it difficult to learn English on your own, consider joining language courses or hiring a tutor. A professional can provide personalized guidance and help you overcome your challenges.4. Stay Motivated: Set realistic goals and celebrate your progress. Remember that learning a language is a journey, and every step forward is a victory.In conclusion, ladies and gentlemen, the power of English lies not just in its ability to connect us with the world, but in its potential to transform our lives. By embracing the power of English, we can unlock a world of opportunities, broaden our horizons, and become true global leaders.Let us pledge today to make English an integral part of our university experience. Let us commit ourselves to continuous learning, to embracing diversity, and to fostering a culture of excellence. Together, we cancreate a brighter future, where the power of English will enable us to build bridges of understanding and collaboration across the globe.Thank you for your attention, and let us embark on this exciting journey towards global connectivity, hand in hand, with the power of English by our side.God bless our university, and God bless the power of English.[Applause]第3篇Ladies and Gentlemen,Good morning/afternoon/evening, esteemed faculty, proud parents, and most importantly, the vibrant members of our university community. It is with great honor and enthusiasm that I stand before you today to deliver this speech, which I hope will resonate with each and every one of us as we embark on another academic year filled with promise and potential.First and foremost, let me extend my warmest welcome to the new batch of students who have joined our esteemed university. You have chosen a remarkable institution to further your education, and I am confidentthat the knowledge, skills, and experiences you will gain here will shape you into the leaders of tomorrow. To our returning students, faculty, and staff, thank you for your unwavering commitment to our university's mission and vision.Today, I would like to share with you my vision for our university – a dynamic and inclusive community that not only fosters academicexcellence but also nurtures personal growth, social responsibility, and global awareness. As we stand at the threshold of this new academic year, it is imperative that we reflect on our values, recommit to our goals, and work together to create a future that is both bright and sustainable.1. Embracing Diversity and InclusionIn the ever-evolving world we live in, diversity is not just a buzzword; it is a fundamental principle that underpins the success of anyinstitution. Our university must be a sanctuary for diverse perspectives, cultures, and backgrounds. We must celebrate our differences and use them as a catalyst for innovation and creativity.To achieve this, we must:- Promote inclusivity in all our programs and initiatives.- Establish mentorship programs that connect students from different backgrounds.- Organize cultural exchange events that foster mutual understanding and respect.- Ensure that our faculty and staff reflect the diversity of our student body.By embracing diversity and inclusion, we not only enrich our own lives but also prepare our students to thrive in a globalized world.2. Advancing Academic ExcellenceAcademic excellence is the cornerstone of our university's reputation. We must continue to push the boundaries of knowledge, challenge conventional wisdom, and encourage critical thinking among our students.To achieve this, we must:- Invest in state-of-the-art facilities and resources to supportresearch and learning.- Recruit and retain top-tier faculty members who are experts in their fields.- Provide opportunities for interdisciplinary collaboration and exchange.- Encourage students to engage in research projects and internships that enhance their practical skills.By fostering a culture of academic excellence, we empower our studentsto become lifelong learners and contributors to society.3. Nurturing Personal Growth and Social ResponsibilityEducation is not merely about accumulating knowledge; it is also about developing the whole person. Our university must provide a holistic education that nurtures personal growth, social responsibility, and ethical leadership.To achieve this, we must:- Offer a wide range of extracurricular activities that promote physical, mental, and emotional well-being.- Encourage students to participate in community service projects and volunteer work.- Organize workshops and seminars that address social issues and promote ethical decision-making.- Support student-led initiatives that aim to make a positive impact on society.By nurturing personal growth and social responsibility, we prepare our students to become well-rounded individuals who can make a difference in the world.4. Fostering Global AwarenessIn today's interconnected world, it is crucial for our students to have a global perspective. Our university must be a gateway to the world, where students can learn from and engage with people from different cultures and backgrounds.To achieve this, we must:- Establish partnerships with universities around the globe tofacilitate student and faculty exchanges.- Offer study abroad programs that allow students to immerse themselves in different cultures.- Organize international conferences and seminars that bring together scholars and experts from various fields.- Promote the use of technology to connect our students with peers and mentors worldwide.By fostering global awareness, we equip our students with the skills and knowledge needed to navigate and succeed in an increasingly globalized world.ConclusionIn conclusion, as we embark on this new academic year, let us remember that our university is more than just a place of learning; it is a community of dreamers, innovators, and leaders. Together, we have the power to shape a future that is both dynamic and inclusive, where every individual is valued and has the opportunity to thrive.As we work towards achieving our vision, let us not forget the importance of collaboration, respect, and perseverance. Let us embrace the challenges ahead with courage and determination, and let us celebrate our successes with humility and gratitude.To our new students, welcome to the family. To our returning students, faculty, and staff, let us continue to inspire and support each other. To our proud parents, thank you for your unwavering support.Let us come together as one, united in our mission to create a brighter, more inclusive future for all.Thank you.。
Ladies and Gentlemen,Good morning/afternoon/evening. It is a great pleasure to stand before you today to share my thoughts on a topic that is not only pertinent to our university but also to the world at large – the role ofuniversities in shaping global citizens. As we navigate the complexities of the 21st century, it has become increasingly evident that education plays a crucial role in fostering a generation capable of addressing the challenges of our time.Let us begin by acknowledging the transformative power of education. Universities, as the epicenters of knowledge and innovation, have historically been instrumental in shaping the future of societies. Today, more than ever, the world needs educated individuals who are not only well-versed in their fields but also equipped with the skills and attitudes necessary to become global citizens.The first and foremost role of universities in shaping global citizensis to provide a comprehensive education. This education should encompass not only the acquisition of knowledge but also the development ofcritical thinking and problem-solving skills. By offering a diverse curriculum, universities can expose students to various perspectives and cultures, thereby broadening their horizons and fostering empathy.In order to achieve this, universities must prioritize interdisciplinary studies. The world's challenges are multifaceted, and a narrow focus on a single discipline is no longer sufficient. Interdisciplinary programs encourage students to think outside the box and collaborate with peers from different backgrounds, leading to innovative solutions and a more holistic understanding of complex issues.Moreover, universities should emphasize the importance of language proficiency. In today's interconnected world, the ability to communicate effectively in multiple languages is a valuable asset. By offering language programs and encouraging students to engage with diverse linguistic communities, universities can equip students with the toolsto navigate the global landscape.Another crucial aspect of shaping global citizens is fostering cultural competence. Universities should provide opportunities for students to study and immerse themselves in different cultures, whether through study abroad programs, cultural exchange initiatives, or even on-campus cultural events. This exposure not only enriches students' personal growth but also prepares them to work and live in diverse environments.Furthermore, universities have a responsibility to instill ethical values in their students. As future leaders and change-makers, students must be equipped with a strong moral compass. This can be achieved through ethical education programs, discussions on contemporary social issues, and opportunities for community service. By encouraging students to reflect on their values and actions, universities can cultivate responsible global citizens.In addition to academic and ethical development, universities should also focus on preparing students for the workforce. In an era of rapid technological advancement, the skills required for success are constantly evolving. Universities must adapt their curricula to reflect these changes and provide students with the necessary technical and soft skills to thrive in the global market.Furthermore, universities should encourage entrepreneurship and innovation. By fostering an entrepreneurial mindset, universities can inspire students to think creatively and take risks. This not only benefits the students themselves but also contributes to economic growth and social progress.Lastly, it is essential for universities to promote sustainability and environmental consciousness. As climate change and environmental degradation continue to pose significant threats to our planet, it is crucial that future generations are equipped with the knowledge and skills to address these challenges. Universities can play a pivotal role in this endeavor by incorporating sustainability into their research, teaching, and campus operations.In conclusion, the role of universities in shaping global citizens is multifaceted and of paramount importance. By providing a comprehensiveeducation, fostering cultural competence, instilling ethical values, preparing students for the workforce, encouraging entrepreneurship, and promoting sustainability, universities can equip students with the tools and attitudes necessary to become effective leaders and change-makers in our interconnected world.As we move forward, let us remember that universities are not just institutions of higher learning but also agents of change. Together, we can work towards creating a more just, sustainable, and peaceful world, one global citizen at a time.Thank you for your attention.[Applause]---Note: This speech has been tailored to a general audience and focuses on the broader role of universities in shaping global citizens. Depending on the specific context and audience, the speech can be further tailored to address specific challenges, initiatives, or case studies.。
《新闻学概论》教学大纲一﹑《新闻学概论》课程说明（一）课程代码：05130084（二）课程英文名称：Journalism Conspectus（三）开课对象：广告学（本）（四）课程性质：《新闻学概论》是新闻学专业的主干课程之一。
该课程重在总结，阐述人类新闻活动的主要是新闻事业的基本规律和新闻学中的基本概念和知识，也为广告专业学生进一步了解新闻，了解媒介打下基础（五）教学目的：使学生能够真正了解什么是新闻，新闻有那些基本的特点，性质。
以及在新闻传播中应该注意的一些问题。
（六）教学内容：本课程主要内容有：新闻的基本概念，新闻的特点，性质，新闻事业发展的规律，中国新闻事业的工作原则，记者的素质，职业道德等（七）教学时数：学时数：54 学时学分数：3 学分学时数具体分配（八）教学方式：课堂讲授（九）考核方式和成绩记载说明：考核方式为考试。
严格考核学生出勤情况，达到学籍管理规定的旷课量取消考试资格。
综合成绩根据平时成绩和期末成绩评定，平时成绩占40% ，期末成绩占60% 。
二﹑讲授大纲与各章的基本要求第一章绪论教学要点：本章使学生初步了解新闻学的有关知识，明确学习新闻学的意义与目的，同时也对新闻学的历史和当前的理论有所熟悉。
1﹑使学生了解新闻学研究的内容，熟悉中国新闻学研究的历史2﹑使学生对新闻活动有初步了解3﹑使学生了解了各国新闻学主导理论4﹑使学生明确学习新闻理论的意义教学时数：2学时教学内容：第一节新闻学一新闻学的研究对象二新闻学内容三奠定中国新闻学理论框架的著作第二节新闻学和新闻工作案例非典伊拉克战争911事件第三节世界各国新闻学主导性理论一自由主义报刊理论二社会责任论三发展新闻学四党报理论第四节学习新闻理论的意义考核要求：1 新闻学的研究对象新闻学内容奠定中国新闻学理论框架的著作（识记）2自由主义报刊理论社会责任论发展新闻学党报理论（识记）第二章新闻活动教学要点：本章主要介绍新闻活动的历史和不同历史时期的表现及几种渠道1 使学生了解新闻活动自古有之而并非现代社会才有2 简述不同历史时期的新闻活动，得出新闻活动产生的原因3 新闻活动的渠道教学时数：2学时教学内容：第一节新闻活动是一种普遍的社会现象第二节新闻活动是人类求生存，图发展的需要一原始社会的新闻活动二奴隶社会的新闻活动三封建社会的新闻活动第三节新闻活动的渠道一亲身传播二大众传播三群体传播考核要求：本章熟悉即可第三章新闻教学要点：本章介绍关于“新闻”这个概念的最基本，最基础的知识1 使学生准确掌握新闻的基本特点2 使学生准确掌握新闻的不同定义3 使学生了解新闻的本源4 使学生准确掌握新闻的五要素5 使学生知道新闻的分类教学时数：4学时教学内容：第一节新闻的基本特点一真实二新鲜第二节新闻的定义一信息说二报道说第三节新闻的本源一新闻本源二新闻的来源第四节新闻要素新闻五要素：时间地点人物事件原因第五节新闻类别一以新闻内容来分类二以新闻的发生地来分类三以新闻的时间性来分类四以新闻与读者的关系来分类考核要求：1 新闻的基本特点（识记）2 新闻的定义（领会识记）3 新闻的本源（领会）4 新闻要素（识记）5 新闻类别（领会）第四章新闻与信息舆论宣传教学要点：1 使学生掌握信息的定义，特点和信息对新闻的要求2 使学生掌握宣传，宣传和新闻的关系影响宣传效果的因素3 使学生掌握舆论的定义，舆论的功能了解新闻媒介和舆论导向的关系教学时数：2学时教学内容：第一节新闻与信息一信息的定义二信息的特点三信息对新闻工作的要求第二节新闻与宣传一宣传和新闻二决定宣传效益的因素第三节新闻与舆论一舆论的定义和特点二舆论的社会功能三新闻媒介与舆论导向考核要求：1 信息的定义，信息的特点（识记）2 宣传的定义（识记）怎样做好宣传（应用）3 舆论的定义和特点（识记）舆论的社会功能，新闻和舆论的关系（领会）第五章新闻事业的产生教学要点：本章从媒介技术，工具的角度阐述了新闻事业的产生1 了解中国古代的新闻传播工具2 了解西方报纸的产生历史3 了解大众传播媒介的产生4 了解我国近代报纸产生的特殊性教学时数：2学时教学内容：第一节中国古代社会的新闻传播工具一口头新闻二信号媒介三书信新闻四印刷媒介五其它传播方法（露布悬书等）第二节西方报纸是资本主义商品经济的产物第三节报纸广播电视的产生一报纸二广播三电视第四节近代汉字报纸产生的特殊性一邸报的称呼和内容二邸报的作用和读者对象三近代中文报纸的产生三近代中文报纸的产生考核要求：本章为了解章节，不计入考核范围第六章新闻事业的发展及其基本规律教学要点：本章重点是讲述新闻发展所受到的方方面面的影响，联系我国实际，得出我国新闻事业现阶段的状况分析。
Ladies and Gentlemen,Good morning/afternoon/evening. It is a great honor to stand before you today to address the topic of "Embracing the Future: The Role of Universities in the 21st Century." As we navigate through the rapidly evolving landscape of technology, globalization, and societal change, it is imperative that we reflect on the role that universities play in shaping the leaders of tomorrow.Introduction:[Your Name] is the Dean of [University Name], and I am delighted to have the opportunity to share my thoughts on this vital issue. The purpose of higher education has always been to empower individuals, foster critical thinking, and cultivate a culture of innovation. However, in the 21st century, the role of universities has expanded to include preparing students for a future that is characterized by unprecedented challenges and opportunities.Body:1. The Transformation of the Academic Landscape- Discuss the shift from traditional teaching methods to technology-driven learning experiences.- Highlight the integration of artificial intelligence, virtual reality, and data analytics in higher education.- Emphasize the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and research.2. Preparing Students for the Globalized World- Discuss the need for students to develop cross-cultural competencies and global perspectives.- Highlight the importance of language proficiency and international exchange programs.- Encourage students to engage in global issues and contribute to sustainable development.3. Nurturing Innovation and Entrepreneurship- Discuss the role of universities in fostering an entrepreneurial mindset among students.- Highlight successful university incubators and innovation centers.- Encourage students to pursue interdisciplinary projects and collaborate with industry leaders.4. The Impact of Technology on Higher Education- Discuss the challenges and opportunities presented by digital transformation in education.- Highlight the importance of digital literacy and cybersecurity education.- Encourage universities to invest in infrastructure and training to support technology integration.5. Addressing Social Inequality and Access to Education- Discuss the importance of making higher education accessible to all, regardless of socio-economic background.- Highlight the role of scholarships, financial aid, and outreach programs.- Encourage universities to promote diversity and inclusion on campus.6. The Role of Universities in Promoting Sustainable Development- Discuss the importance of sustainability in university operations and research.- Highlight successful sustainability initiatives and partnerships with industry and local communities.- Encourage students to engage in sustainability projects and advocate for change.Conclusion:In conclusion, the role of universities in the 21st century is more crucial than ever. As institutions of higher learning, we have a responsibility to prepare students for a future that is characterized by rapid change and complex challenges. By embracing innovation, fostering global competencies, nurturing entrepreneurship, and promoting sustainability, universities can become catalysts for positive change.As we move forward, it is essential that we:- Continue to invest in technology and infrastructure to supportcutting-edge research and learning experiences.- Foster a culture of inclusivity and diversity, ensuring that all students have equal access to education and opportunities.- Collaborate with industry, government, and civil society to address global issues and promote sustainable development.Ladies and gentlemen, the future is bright, but it is also uncertain. As we navigate the complexities of the 21st century, let us remember that universities have the power to shape the leaders of tomorrow. Together, we can create a future where education is a force for good, driving progress, and making a positive impact on our world.Thank you for your attention, and I welcome your questions and feedback.[Your Name]Dean, [University Name]。
Good morning/afternoon/evening. It is my great honor to stand before you today to deliver a speech on a topic that is both timely and significant: the importance of environmental protection.Title: "Our Earth, Our Future: The Urgent Need for Environmental Protection"Introduction:As we all know, the Earth is our home, and it is the only planet where we can live and thrive. However, in recent years, the environment has been facing numerous challenges, such as climate change, pollution, and natural resource depletion. These issues have not only affected the planet but also our lives, economy, and even our future. Therefore, itis high time that we take action to protect our environment and ensure a sustainable future for generations to come.Body:1. The Current State of the EnvironmentThe Earth is suffering from various environmental problems. The most pressing issue is climate change, which is caused by the excessive emission of greenhouse gases, primarily carbon dioxide. This has led to rising global temperatures, extreme weather events, and the melting of polar ice caps. Additionally, air and water pollution are causingserious health problems, while deforestation and habitat destruction are threatening biodiversity.2. The Impact of Environmental DegradationThe consequences of environmental degradation are far-reaching. Firstly, it affects our health. Air pollution can lead to respiratory diseases, while water pollution can cause waterborne illnesses. Secondly, itaffects our economy. The cost of dealing with environmental problems, such as pollution cleanup and disaster recovery, is enormous. Lastly, it affects our future. If we do not take immediate action, the Earth will become less hospitable, and we may not be able to survive on this planet in the long run.3. The Role of Individuals in Environmental ProtectionWhile governments and organizations play a crucial role in environmental protection, it is also essential for individuals to take responsibility. Here are some ways in which we can contribute to a healthier planet:- Reduce, reuse, and recycle: We should minimize waste by reducing consumption, reusing items, and recycling materials.- Save energy: Turning off lights when not in use, using energy-efficient appliances, and promoting renewable energy sources are all effective ways to save energy.- Conserve water: By fixing leaks, taking shorter showers, and using water-saving devices, we can reduce water consumption.- Support green initiatives: Participate in local environmental programs, such as tree planting, clean-up drives, and community gardens.- Spread awareness: Educate others about the importance of environmental protection and encourage them to take action.4. The Role of Governments and OrganizationsGovernments and organizations must also play a significant role in protecting the environment. Some of the steps they can take include:- Implementing stricter environmental regulations and enforcing them effectively.- Investing in renewable energy sources and reducing reliance on fossil fuels.- Promoting sustainable agriculture and land management practices.- Encouraging international cooperation to address global environmental issues.Conclusion:In conclusion, the importance of environmental protection cannot be overstated. The Earth is our only home, and we must work together toprotect it. As individuals, we can make a difference by adopting sustainable practices and raising awareness. Governments and organizations must also take responsibility and implement policies that promote environmental sustainability. Let us all join hands to create a cleaner, healthier, and more sustainable future for our planet and for generations to come.Thank you for your attention, and I welcome any questions or comments you may have.---Note: This speech is a fictional example and has been crafted to meet the requirements of a news speech for a middle school setting. It is important to note that the actual impact of environmental issues and the effectiveness of the proposed solutions can vary greatly and should be approached with a critical eye.。
新闻英语Presentation的技巧Structure of Oral PresentationOrganization is the most essential aspect of oral presentation. It clarifies your argument and helps the audience remember what you say. It also helps you, the speaker, easily manage the delivery of your presentation so that you can gracefully adjust to unforeseen developments.Below is a functional description of each part of one organizational structure. This structure is not intended as a template, but rather is an explanation of how each element of one thoughtful design helps a speaker communicate ideas to an audience. There is an infinite number of ways to arrange ideas, and you are encouraged to experiment with structures until you find a clear and compelling way to organize your presentation. IntroductionA good introduction focuses the attention of the audience on the speaker, and outlines the thesis and support so that listening for each part of the speech is easy for the audience. Hook: Your first sentences are your chance to capture the audience for the entire presentation. Start your presentation with a short anecdote, quotation, fact or any other device that is topical and will interest your audience. If you’re working on a l ong project, it’s wise to keep your eye out for a fun piece of information to u se as your hook.State the Significance of Your Topic: Inspire the interest of your audience by telling them why your subject matter is of significance to them.Thesis: The thesis is the foundation of the organizational structure. It is the central idea or argument of the presentation.It must be clear or it will be difficult for you to organize your presentation and for your audience to understand it. A thesis should be concise (preferably one sentence) and precise (it alone should communicate the presentation topic). Avoid mixing the thesis with other parts of the introduction.Your thesis indicates what sort of presentation you will make. An analytical, or persuasive thesis is a contention about a body of information that could spark disagreement and needs supporting evidence. An informative thesis tells the audience that you will present a body of information on a topic and usually does not advance an argument. Note that analytical presentations are informative as well—you have to present information if you are going to analyze it.Preview: The preview maps the main points or arguments that you will present in support of your thesis. A helpful trick is to use “buzz words,” whic h label each point and are easy for the audience to remember. You can use your buzz words again in the topic sentence of each point to alert your audience when you begin a new point.BodyThe body of your speech presents claims and evidence in support of your thesis. It should be broken into several central points, each of which may have sub-points. Determine how to arrange your points based on how you believe your argument or information is best conceptualized. In addition to structuring the body, structure each point internally. Basic structural suggestions for points follow:Topic Sentence: The topic sentence introduces the major arguments or claims supporting the thesis in an analytical speech and the topic of each point in an informative speech.Unfortu nately you don’t have the opportunity to highlight you r topic sentence visually with an indented line as you would if you were starting a paragraph, but you can mark it orally by including the buzz words you created in the preview or by signposting (see page 3 for an discussion of signposting). Hint: most people are inclined to put the topic sentence at the end of a point so most speakers must be vigilant about this habit.Preview: Preview sub-points if you have them.Present Evidence: Present (and cite!) information from external sources.Clarify Evidence: Provide an explanation of your evidence so that the audience can understand and evaluate it. When presenting a graph, explain what each axis represents and highlight important conclusions or relationships in the data.Warrant: It isn’t always cle ar to the audience that your evidence can legitimately support your claim. Warrants clarify and justify your claim by providing a rationale for why conclusions made from your evidence are valid. For example, to m ake the claim, “CEO Anita is guilty of defrauding investors” based on evidence,“Anita accounted for significant company losses in a later accounting period than the one in which they were first apparent,” you need the warrant, “CEO’s who account for losses in a period later than the period in whi ch they were first apparent are guilty of fraud.” Note that the warrant, like the claim, is not absolute and could be changed.Transition: Transitions help you balance the need to break your presentation into sections with the need to convey the interdependent nature of your ideas. Signal a transition between points by explaining how one point relates to the next.ConclusionReview: Remind your audience of the arguments you made in support of your thesis by restating them, again using the buzzwords of your preview and topic sentences.Restate Your Thesis: Follow the review with a restatement of your thesis so that the audience is left with a clear understanding of how your evidence supports your thesis.Conclusion: Your conclusion should give the audience a sense of closure. You might return to your “hook,” pose questions for further discussion, or suggest future inquiries that would further illuminate the topic.More Helpful Organizational Devices:Signposts: Signposts explicitly highlight the presentation’s organization and major ideas for the audience by using marking words (first, next, last, in sum, therefore etc.) or entire phrases (The most important thing to understand about X is…).Internal Summaries: Highlight and clarify the most important conclusions of complex sections of your presentation by summarizing them at the end of the section. Consistent Vocabulary: Use the same word each time you refer to a particular concept. If you use synonymous words or phrases when referring to the same concept, some members of the audience may think you are introducing a new and different concept. Likewise, highlight subtle differences between concepts by using different vocabulary when speaking about them. “Buzz word s,” above under “preview,” and “repetition,” discussed below, are variations on this device.Repetition: In this design the preview and review echo each other and the topic sentences and transitions repeat parts of the preview throughout the presentation. This repetition allows people to learn how your presentation, and your ideas, arestructured and helps them remember what you said. Repetition is emphasized more in speech than in writing because in speech the audience has little ability to control the speed of the presentation to match their rate of comprehension, and they can not back-loop (meaning re-read sections).Relate Each Point Back to Your Thesis: A common mistake is to state the thesis at the beginning and then proceed without making its presence clear in the rest of the presentation. Individuals in the audience may or may not be able to maintain your thesis in memory and discern how your presentation is supporting it. If you restate your thesis periodically by explaining how each point supports the thesis, your presentation will have unity and people will understand how your ideas work together to support your thesis. (You may have noticed that this device is a variant of repetition).Rate: If you think parts of your presentation will be difficult for your audience to assimilate, you should consider slowing the rate of your delivery or even pausing to let information sink in before you continue. You should also be aware of signals of confusion from the audience and should stop to clarify sections of your presentation where necessary. In most situations, it is appropriate to ask the audience whether they need clarification when you are not sure whether they understand a concept.Primacy and Recency: Audiences most easily remember what they hear first and last. You might take advantage of this effect by putting your best points or sub-points first or last. However, it is most important that you build your argument in a logical and sensible way, so you will often find that this organizational consideration is irrelevant.。
