【参考借鉴】现在完成时导学案.doc

现在完成时导学案学习目标：1．现在完成时的用法与构成2．现在完成时的时间状语3．短暂性动词与时间段的关系4．have been 与have gone 比较5．与一般过去时的用法比较学习重点：1 2 3 4 5 学习难点：3 5达标测试（一）动词填空：1. A:_____ you ________(clean) the room? B:Yes, we ________(do) that already.A: When ______ you _____(do) it? B:We _______(do) it an hour ago.2. A:_____ he ______(see) this film yet? B: Yes.A: When _____ he _____(see) it? B: He _____ it last week.3. How many times _____you______(be) there?（二）选用 for和 since填空:1. We haven’t seen each other ______ a long time.2. His father has been in the Party _____ 10 years ago.3. The film has been on _____ 20 minutes.4. Mr Green has worked here ______ he came to China.5. His grandparents have been dead ______ several years.6. It’s five years _______ we met last time.（三）用Have been to, have gone to, have been in 填空1. Mike and his parents __________ the north for half a year.2. Mum is not at home now. she _________ the shop.3. ______ you ever _____ to Kunming ? Never.4. Where _____ you ______ these days?5. Has Jim arrived yet? Yes, he _______ here for several days.6. Where is Peter? I don’t know where he _______.7. Hi Jim! Where _____ you _____ ? Li Lei is looking for you.现在完成时练习题一.写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词.feel __________ ____________ leave__________ ____________tell__________ ____________ sell__________ ____________say__________ ____________ catch __________ ____________lay __________ ____________ bring__________ ____________buy__________ ____________ think __________ ____________二.单项选择.1、He_______ to Canada, so you can’t see him recently.A have been toB have gone toC has been toD has gone to2、I have been to America, so_____ he.A didB haveC hasD does3、London has ever hosted the modern Olympics Paris .A. So doesB. So hasC. Nor doesD. Neither has4、Her grandfather ______ for two years.A. diedB. has diedC. has been deadD. has been died5、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _________what's happened to him .（呼和浩特）Ａ. knew Ｂ. have known Ｃ. must know Ｄ.will know6、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?Ａ. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. still7、Have you met Mr Li ______？Ａ. just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ. a moment ago8、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two years .Ａ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written9、—Our country ______ a lot so far .—Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .Ａ. has changed ; well Ｂ. changed ; goodＣ. has changed ; better Ｄ. changed ; better10、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years . Ａ. was ; studying Ｂ. will ; studyＣ. has ; studied Ｄ. are ; studying11、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. Knew12、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .Ａ. will see Ｂ. have seen Ｃ. saw Ｄ.see13、—These farmers have been to the United States .—Really ? When _____ there ?Ａ. will they go Ｂ. did they goＣ. do they go Ｄ. have they gone14、—______ you ___ your homework yet ?—Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .Ａ. Did ; do ; finished Ｂ. Have ; done ; finishedＣ. Have ; done ; have finished Ｄ. will ; do ; finish15、His father ______ the Party since 1978 .Ａ. joined Ｂ. has joined Ｃ. was in Ｄ. has been in16、—Do you know him well ?— Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .Ａ. were Ｂ. have been Ｃ. have become Ｄ. have made 17、—How long have you ____ here ?—About two months .Ａ. been Ｂ. gone Ｃ. come Ｄ. arrived18、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .Ａ. has begun Ｂ. had begunＣ. has been on Ｄ. began19、Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library . Ａ.has gone Ｂ. went Ｃ.will go Ｄ. has been20、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .Ａ. have been in Ｂ. have been toＣ. have gone to Ｄ. have been历年中考重现：1．I_______ a letter from him since he left．（天津市）A．didn't receive B．haven't got C．didn't have D．haven't heard 2．How long have you _______ this book？（哈尔滨市）A．bought B．borrowed C．had D．lent3．—Where's Peter？—He _______ to Nanjing．（沈阳市）A．is going B．has been C．has gone D．went4．You've never seen such a wonderful film before，_______ ？（河北省）A．haven't you B．have you C．do you D．don't you5．We have lived here _______ five years ago．（河南省）A．when B．since C．before D．after6．—How do you like Beijing，Mr Black？—Oh，I _______ such a beautiful city．（江西省）A．don't visit B．didn't visit C．haven't visited D．hadn't visited7．The old people _______ lonely at all since we began to visit them once a week．（广州市）A．don't feel B．hasn't felt C．haven't felt D．didn't feel8．My grandfather_______ in the small town all his life．He always says he likes the town．（四川省）A．lived B．have lived C．has lived D．is living9．Miss Brown _______ to the Great Wall twice．（贵阳市）A．have been B．has been C．have gone D．has gone10．His brother has been to Stone Forest twice _______ he came to Yunnan．（昆明市）A．after B．before C．since D．for11．—Have you ever_______ to Haikou？—Yes，I_______ there with my family last August．（海南省）A．gone；went B．been；went C．been；went to D．been；was in12．His sister _______ her hometown for three years．She'll return next year．（合肥市）A．left B．has left C．has been away D．has been away from。

现在完成时导学案班级：__________ 姓名：______________【内容目标】1.现在完成时的用法（现在完成时的定义）。

2.现在完成时的基本结构。

3.现在完成的时间状语（即关键词/标志词）。

4.have/has been to 、have/has gone to、have/has been in 的用法区别。

5.与一般过去时的用法区分。

6.瞬间动词（即短暂性动词）转换成延续性动词后与时间段的关系特殊情况：和运用。

（for与since的用法区别；how long)。

【学习重点】正确理解现在完成时的定义和基本结构，易混短语的用法辨析等，能够综合运用，巩固提高。

【学习难点】能准确运用短暂性动词和延续性动词。

【学习方法】发挥主观能动性，充分利用对比分析法、归纳总结法、合作探究法、互助学习法和练习法进行复习。

一、【课前延伸】写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词1.want ________2.visit__________3.love__________4. play_______5.study___________6.stop__________7.speak_______8.write______小结：动词规则的过去式和过去分词变化规则一样：一般动词词尾直接加-ed；以e结尾动词只加-d；以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，把y变为i再加-ed;以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写辅音字母，再加-ed。

动词不规则的过去式和过去分词只能特别记！二、【课前热身】翻译句子：1.我已经刷牙了。

_____________________________( 现在的结果：牙齿干净了。

)2.她已经洗脸了。

_______________________________( 现在的结果：脸干净了。

)3.我们已经吃早餐了。

__________________________( 现在的结果：饱了。

)4.我已经在这里住了十年了。

现在完成时导学案一、定义:现在完成时表示到现在为止已经完成或仍在持续的动作、状态；强调对现在的影响或联系。

二、结构:have/has+p.p.(动词过去分词)肯定句式现在完成时的肯定句式是“have（has）＋过去分词”。

如：①We have just finished our homework．② She has gone home．注意：1）该句式中的have或has是助动词，has用于第三人称单数，其它人称一律用have。

2）把该句式译成汉语时，往往用“已经”、“刚刚”、“过”或“了”等。

3）该句式中have（has）和过去分词之间可用just插入。

否定句式：现在完成时的否定句式是“haven't（hasn't）＋过去分词”。

如：①We haven’t studied Unit 2 yet．②The train hasn't stopped yet．疑问句式现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。

Have you read this story book yet？特殊疑问句：What have you done with my bike?注意：1）现在完成时的一般疑问句往往在句末加yet。

2）把现在完成时的一般疑问句译成汉语时，往往译成“……过吗？”、“已经……了吗？”等。

3）其肯定回答用“Yes，．．．have（has）．”，否定回答用“No，．haven't（hasn't）．”，有时用“No，not yet．”或“No，never．”。

练习：A)选用have, has填空:1.I _______ told him the news.2.She ________ come back from school.3.You ________ won the game.B)按要求改写下列各句:4. They have bought a computer. (改成否定句)_________________________________________5. My father has finished his work.（改为否定句）My father ______ ______his work.6.I’ve ever been to Beijing.（改为一般疑问句）_______you_____ ______to Beijing？7. Jim finished his homework.（改为现在完成时）Jim______ ______ his homework.8.He has been to Guangzhou twice.（就划线部分提问）______ ______ ______has he been to Guangzhou？9.– I have watched the game.--When ____ you ____ it?A have watchedB do watchC did watchD will watch10 ---_____ to the United Stated ?---- No, never, but I went to Canada a few years ago.A. Did you goB. Do you goC. Have you beenD. Have you gone三、用法1）表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

现在完成时态导学案2014-10-22 Li Jinxiu学习目标:1. 掌握现在完成时态的结构，用法和常见标志词2. 掌握现在完成时中的特殊句型have/has been to ,have/has gone to 与have/has beenin的区别3. 掌握现在完成时态中瞬间动词与延续性动词的用法及现在完成时与一般过去时的区别Step1.蓦然回首2．通过预习请你默写出现在完成时的含义_____________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________3．通过预习请你默写出常见的使用现在完成时的判断词_______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________4．通过预习请你默写出现在完成时的三个固定句型曾经去过某地____________________去某地了____________________在某地待了… ____________________5．通过预习请你默写出下列词的延续性动词1). leave___________________ 2). come / go_____________________3). begin / start___________________ 4). buy______________________5). lend / borrow___________________ 6) die________________________7). join___________________________ 8). open_____________________9). close _________________ 10). get married _______________Step 2.合作探究I. 用have been to… / have gone to… / have been in…的适当形式填空。

现在完成时导学案课前延伸回顾现在完成时的构成: have/has + 过去分词课内探究：用法一：表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果.现在完成时这一时态强调是过去动作与现在的联系,也就是强调现在的影响和结果.* 与之连用的时间副词：before ，by now (so far), once, twice, just, recently，yet(/疑), already(肯), ever, never,1. I ____ ____(have) lunch already.2. Has the train_______ (arrive), yet?3.Tome ____ never____ ___ (be to ) China.4. The twin s ______just _____(see) my father.5. The twins ____(see) my father just now.6. Many tall buildings ____________(build) in the past 5 years用法二：表示从过去某个时间开始的动作或存在的状态，一直持续到现在并可能还将持续下去。

动词必须使用延续性动词。

常与for或since引导的一段时间状语连用，具体有：for+段时间，since+点时间，since+句子（过去时）E.g. Kate has lived here for 3 years.Kate has lived here since 3 years ago.Kate has lived here since she came to China常见非延续性动词和延续性动词的转变：3）重点句型:It is/ has been+一段时间+since从句一段时间+has passed+ since从句eg. 一）他去世两年了：1.He died two years ago.2.He has been dead for two years /since two years ago3.It is/ has been two years since he died.4.Two years has passed since he died.。

语法专题：现在完成时（一）导学案I. Let’s think about these questions :1.What’s the form of “Present Perfect Tense”? (现在完成时的形式)2.What’s the usage of “Present Perfect Tense”? （现在完成时的用法）3.Can you make sentences using “Present Perfect Tense”?II. Let’s Learn and try to find out the answer:1)记忆下列动词的过去式和过去分词并试着发现其中的规律visit – visited –visited ask –asked –askedreceive –received – received live – lived –livedstudy –studied –studied play –played –playedgo – went –gone buy-- bought –boughthave –had – had take –took – takendo –did – done catch –caught –caughtsee—saw – seen read—read –readmeet –met –met make—made—madespeak—spoke—spoken fly—flew –flown2)阅读下列句子。

注意下划线的词的形式。

请找出动词的过去时和过去分词.写在横线上。

1.I have met Mrs. Jones. I met her two weeks ago. __________________________2.The boss has left his office. He left ten minutes ago. _______________________3. John went to Beijing yesterday. He has been there for one day. _______________________4. I met an old friend on the way home yesterday. ___________________________5. I have never met such a clever boy before._________________________________3)下列句子都是现在完成时吗？想想他们是什么意思？翻译写在横线上。

现在完成时导学案学习目标：1．现在完成时的构成2．现在完成时的时间状语3．短暂性动词与时间段的关系4．have been 与have gone 比较5．与一般过去时的用法比较学习重点：1 2 3 4 5学习难点：3 5一、现在完成时的主要用法（一）表示过去发生的动作或事情，对现在产生一定的影响和结果。

时间状语：already, ever, never, before, lately, recently, just, yet.（二）表示从过去某一时刻开始并一直延续到现在的动作或事情,并且有可能延续下去。

时间状语：s ince+时间点， for+时间段， so far, up to now, ever since then, in the past few years注意：this morning /years/week, now, these days可以用在一般现在时态和现在完成时态。

I want to see how much the place has changed since I saw it last.我想看看从上次见到那地方以来它发生了多大变化I have learnt English for more than ten years.我已经学了10多年的英语（三）固定句式：It’s the first time that he has driven a car.It’s the most interesting film that he has ever seen.It’s +time + since….二、短暂性动词与时间段的关系（一）短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用，这些动词是：become, begin, buy, borro w, arrive, come, die, fall, finish, get to know, go, join, leave, marry 等（二）相应的延续性动词代替短暂性动词：become →be,begin→have , borrow → keep, bu y → have, come (go, arrive, get) →be here/there/in…，die→be dead, fall asleep (ill) →be asleep (ill), fi nish→ be over, get to know→know,join→be in …（be a member of …）, leave→be away(from…), marry→be married等他入党五年了。

高青二中导学案班级：组别：姓名：法：在完成1.定义：表示去生或已完成的某一作,其在造成的影响或果。

2.结构：肯定句 : 主 +have/has+去分 +其他否定句 : 主 +haven’t/hasn ’ 去t+分 +其他一般疑句 : Have/Has+主 +去分 + ⋯？肯定答 : Yes, 主格代 +have/has.否定答: No,主格代+haven’t/hasn’t.注意：去分的特殊化：本P107,P1083.用法(1) 表示到在止已完成或完成的作，并在有影响。

常与already, yet, just, recently, ever, never, before, in the past 10 years等表示不确定的状用。

I have returned the book already.He hasn ’ t come backyet.I ______ just ______(finish) lunch.注意： already 用于肯定句中， yet 用于疑句和否定句中。

(2)在完成表示从去一直持到在的作或状。

此，句中通常是延性，且常与表示一段的状用。

如：these days, all this year, recently, for+ 段以及since+点等等。

（ unit8 内容）Zhang Lan _____ already_____ in the school for two years. (study)Mr Green _____ _____ in China since ten years ago. (work)注意 : 瞬不能和段用.4.现在完成时与一般过去时的对比现在完成时：强调这一动作与现在的关系，如对现在产生的结果、影响等。

而一高青二中导学案班级：组别：姓名：般过去时：纯粹在过去发生的事情。

注意 :现在完成时不能和表“过去”的时间副词或短语连用如: yesterday, last year等。

2024中考英语：现在完成时现在完成时态是中考必考的内容之一，既是重点，也是难点。

通过本文的指导，信任每一个同学对于现在完成时这一学问点的运用和应试也能得心应手。

一、现在完成时的意义及用法：1. 表示一个过去发生的动作在过去已经完成，并且这个过去发生并完成的动作对现在有影响或结果，同时说话者强调的或感爱好的就是这个影响或结果（影响性）。

I have seen this movie, so I won’t go to the cinema.我已经看过这部电影了，因此我不去电影院。

（看这部电影是过去发生的，对现在的影响是已经知晓电影内容，不想再去看。

）2. 表示一个过去发生的动作并未在过去完成，而是始终持续到现在，并且有可能接着下去或许也可能到此结束（持续性）。

We have learnt English for three years.我们已经学英语三年了。

（从三年前起先学英语，始终持续到现在，后续还可能接着学下去）留意：现在完成时态在大的范畴上属于现在时，不是过去时。

与一般过去时的区分：两个时态的动作都是发生在过去,但现在完成时强调的是动作持续到了现在,并对现在造成了影响,而一般过去时与现在没有任何关系,只是表达一个过去的动作,不涉及现在的状况。

(1)Tom have lived in China since 1999.(2)Tom lived in China in 1999.(1)句中强调Tom自从1999年就住在中国，从1999年始终到现在。

（2）句中强调Tom 在1999年住在中国，仅限于过去（1999年），现在状况如何无从知晓。

提示：在平常的交际或作文中，能用现在完成时的，尽可能用现在完成时来表达。

二、现在完成时的结构主语 + have/has + 动词的过去分词三、常用搭配标记性时间状语：since + 过去时间点或一般过去时, so far, by + 现在时间非标记性时间状语：recently, for + 时间段常用副词：already, yet, still...四、现在完成时的考点1.当句中出现了过去的时间状语时，不能用现在完成时；同时，现在完成时也不能用when, what time提问。