对外援助专项立法试拟稿中英文

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对外援助专项立法试拟稿第一章总则第一条为了支持其他发展中国家消除贫困,改善民生,实现经济自主可持续发展,同其他发展中国家在平等的基础上开展互利合作,共建公平公正的国际经济新秩序,从而为中国和世界的发展创造和平的国际环境,制定本法。

第二条本法适用于对外援助及与对外援助有关的对外经济合作事宜。

本法所称对外援助,是指由中国政府(中央政府、地方政府或有关执行机构)、非政府组织或企业提供的,以促进发展中国家自主发展能力、改善人民生活和社会福利为目的,具有一定优惠性质的经济技术合作活动。

第三条国务院设立统一的对外援助主管部门,实行统一的对外援助制度,根据国家外交,外贸、外资和外经政策,依照本法统筹管理对外援助工作。

第四条中华人民共和国根据和平共处五项原则、援外“八项规定”,在“平等互利、形式多样、讲求实效,共同发展”的基础上,进行对外援助和发展合作活动。

第五条中华人民共和国对外援助不附加任何政治条件。

第六条中华人民共和国在实施对外援助的时候,尊重受援国主权,尊重受援国对项目的所有权和领导权。

第七条中华人民共和国对外援助坚持平等互利、共同发展的原则。

第八条:中国对外援助坚持环保与发展同步进行,鼓励企业履行社会责任。

第二章对外援助主体第九条中华人民共和国政府、地方政府及其相关执行机构是国家对外援助的主体。

企业、其他组织和个人是其他对外援助的主体。

第十条国家鼓励具备资质和条件的法人、其他组织和个人参与国家对外援助活动。

国家鼓励企业、其他组织和个人作为主体,依法对外进行其他对外援助活动。

第十二条国家对外援助参与者和其他对外援助主体的资质和资格,由国务院对外援助主管部门规定。

第三章对外援助的领域、形式和区域第十三条中国将根据自身发展的经验,在平等的基础上,通过基础设施建设、技术转让、经贸投资等多样化的方式,开展互利合作,促进发展中国家自主可持续发展。

第十四条中国对外援助的优先领域,应结合发展中国家的需求,以及中国援助提供者的实际能力,共同友好协商予以确定。

第十五条国家对外援助包括成套项目、物资援助、人力资源培训、紧急人道主义援助、援外医疗队、志愿者、技术合作和债务减免等。

国家鼓励援外形式创新,在讲求实效的基础上实现形式多样,共同发展的目的。

第十六条国家对外援助面向全球所有发展中国家。

国家根据不同区域的实际情况和不同需求,制定不同的区域政策,实施相应的援外方案。

第四章对外援助促进与信息公开第十七条国家结合外交、外贸和外资政策,制定综合的对外援助发展战略,在帮助其他发展中国家自主发展的同时,开展平等互利的经济贸易合作。

第十八条国家鼓励在对外援助中,根据受援国需要,将赠款、无息贷款、合资合作基金等与进出口信贷、对外投资发展基金等结合,以更好地发挥援助的效益,促进与发展中国家的互利合作和共同发展,确保援助的可持续性。

第十九条国家在遵守《国家保密法》的基础上,建立对外援助公共信息服务体系,向对外援助参与者和其他社会公众提供信息服务。

对于不涉及国家秘密的援外信息,应根据《国务院信息公开条例》进行公开。

第二十条国家建立和完善对外援助促进机制,支持援外理论研究,培养对外援助专门人才,推动国际发展合作专业教育,进行有关援外必要性的宣传,以确保援外经费、人才和公众支持的可持续。

第二十一条国家扶持和促进企业和个人进行其他对外援助活动,并制定相应的税收优惠政策。

国家鼓励企业履行包括环境保护、就业促进等在内的企业社会责任。

第五章对外援助的管理第二十三条国务院设立统一的对外援助主管部门,设在商务部。

对外援助实行决策、执行和监督相分离的原则,援助决策部门、执行部门和监督部门既相互配合,又相互制约。

第二十四条对外援助的决策,由国务院对外援助主管部门商外交部门进行。

决策应当保持协调、连贯和稳定,并与国家的外交、外贸和对外经济合作政策相结合。

非保密的事项的决策,应征求相关专家和民众的意见。

第二十五条援助年度计划由援助主管部门制定,商外交部、财政部后,报国务院审批。

第二十六条援助执行部门应提高援助效率,优化援助管理,加强援助评估。

第二十七条援助执行部门应根据实际,在驻外使领馆经商参处设立专门的援助事务办公室或专员,依照外交人员管理。

第二十八条援助主管部门下设的监督部门负责对外援助的评估、监督和监管工作。

同时,援外主管部门接受审计、纪检、监察部门和群众的监督。

第二十九条国家对外援助主管部门负责开展有关对外援助的交流活动。

第三十条具体援助管理办法由国务院援助主管部门制定。

援助预算管理办法,由财政部根据援外特殊情况予以制定。

第六章法律责任第三十一条国务院援助主管部门有权对援外行政违法行为进行处罚。

必要时,可按照比例进行经济处罚,但最高比例不得超过合同总金额的5%。

相关具体办法由国务院援助主管部门规定。

第三十二条构成犯罪的,依法追究其刑事责任。

本法自年月日起施行。

Draft Proposal of the Chinese Foreign Aid LawChapter 1. General RulesArticle 1. This law is formulated to support the other developing countries in eliminating poverty, improving their people’s livelihood and achieve independent and sustainable economic development, promotecooperation with them on the basis of equality and mutual benefit, and jointly establish a fair and just international new economic order to create a peaceful international environment for both China and the world. Article 2. This law applies to foreign aid and foreign economic cooperation affairs related to foreign aid. Foreign aid refers to economic and technical cooperation activities that have a certain preferential nature sponsored by the Chinese Government (Central Government, local governments or other execution agencies), NGOs or enterprises with the purpose to promote the independent development capacity of the developing countries and improve their people’s livelihood and social welfare.Article 3. The State Council shall set up a unified agency in charge of foreign aid, establish a unified foreign aid system and manage foreign aid as per this law and the State’s diplomatic, foreign trade, foreign investment and foreign economic cooperation policies.Article 4. China carries out its foreign aid and development cooperation activities basing on the five principles of peaceful co-existence, the 8 points onforeign aid and principle of “equality and mutual benefit, seeking pragmatic results and common development in diversified forms”.Article 5. China does not attach any political conditions over its foreign aid.Article 6. China respects the sovereignty, project leadership and ownership of the recipient State, when carrying out foreign aid projects.Article 7. China sticks to the principle of equality and mutual benefit in its foreign aid activities to promote common development between China and the other developing countries.Article 8. China pays equal attention to development and environmental protection, and encourages Chinese enterprises to perform their social responsibilities in its foreign aid activities.Chapter II. Foreign Aid sponsorsArticle 9. The Government of the People’s Republic of China, local governments and other execution agencies are the main sponsors of the State Foreign Aid. Enterprises, other organizations and individuals are the main sponsors of the other forms of foreign aid.Article 10. The State encourages legal persons, other organizations or individuals with qualifications to participate in State-sponsored foreign aid activities. Article 11. The State encourages enterprises, other organizations and individuals to be the sponsors of other forms of foreign aid activities in accordance with law.Article 12. Qualifications of the participants in State sponsored foreign aid activities as well as the sponsors of other forms of foreign aid activities shall be stipulated by the foreign aid agency of the State Council. Chapter 3. Sectors, forms and areasArticle 13. Basing on its own development experiences, China will carry out cooperation with the other developing countries on the basis of equality and mutual benefit to promote their independent and sustainable development through infrastructure construction, technology transfer, trade and investment and others.Article 14. Priority sectors of China’s foreign aid shall be set through friendly consultations based on the demandof the developing countries and the capacity of the Chinese aid suppliers.Article 15. State sponsored foreign aid includes complant projects, materials projects, HR training, emergency humanitarian assistance, medical teams, volunteers, technical cooperation and debt relief. The State encourage innovations in the forms of foreign aid on the basis of producing pragmatic results so that common development may be realized through more diversified means of foreign aid.Article 16. State sponsored foreign aid are global. The state formulates different regional policies and aid programs basing on the different situation and demands of different regions.Chapter IV. Foreign Aid Promotion and Information DisclosureArticle 17. The State shall formulate a comprehensive foreign aid strategy in combination of its diplomatic, trade and investment policies, to carry out trade and economic cooperation with the other developing countries while promoting their independent development.Article 18. The State encourages the combination of grants, non-interest loans, joint venture funds, import and export credit and foreign investment funds as per the needs of the developing countries to enhance aid effectiveness, promote equal and mutual beneficial cooperation and ensure the sustainability of foreign aid. Article 19. State shall establish a foreign aid public information service system to provide information services to foreign aid participants and the general public without violating the Law on Safeguarding State Secrets. Information that does not involve state secrets shall be disclosed in accordance with the State Council Regulations on Information Disclosure.Article 20. The State shall establish and improve its foreign aid promotion system, which includes the support of researches, HR training, education and publicity activities related to foreign aid, to ensure the sustainability of foreign aid in funding, personnel and public support.Article 21. State supports enterprises or individuals to sponsor other forms of foreign aid activities by formulating relevant taxation reduction policies. TheState encourages enterprises to perform their social responsibilities in terms of environmental protection and employment in the recipient countries.Chapter 5. Management of foreign aidArticle 23. The State Council shall set a unified agency on foreign aid, which shall be located in the Ministry of Commerce. As per the principle that decision-making, implementation and supervision shall be separated from each other , and departments of foreign aid decision-making, implementation and supervision shall support and supervise each other in foreign aid activities.Article 24. Decisions in foreign aid shall be made by the foreign aid agency of the State Council in consultation with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Foreign aid decision making shall be coordinated, consistent and stable, which shall be combined with the state diplomatic, trade, investment and economic cooperation policies. Decision making that involves no state secrets shall be made after consultation with experts and the public.Article 25. Annual work plan of foreign aid shall be formulated by the foreign aid agency of the Statecouncil. After consulting with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Finance, it shall submit the plan to the State Council for approval.Artcile 26. Foreign aid execution agencies shall enhance aid efficiency and effectiveness, optimize aid management and strengthen aid evaluations.Article 27. Foreign aid execution agencies shall set up foreign aid offices or other positions in the economic and commercial counselor’s office of the embassy of China to the other countries, and manage them as diplomatic staff.Article 28. State Council foreign aid agencies shall set supervision institutions within itself to be responsible for the evaluation, supervision and monitoring work of foreign aid. State Council foreign aid agency accepts the supervision from the department of auditing, supervision, the department of CPC disciplinary commissions and the public.Article 29. State Council foreign aid agency shall be responsible for the international exchange activities in foreign aid.Article 30. Detailed management methods on foreign aid shall be formulated by the State Council foreign aid agency. The management methods of foreign aid budget shall be made separately by the Ministry of Finance in consideration of the special features of foreign aid activities.Chapter VI. Legal ResponsibilitiesArticle 31. State Council foreign aid agencies may impose administrative penalties over illegal foreign aid behaviors, where a proportional monetary penalty method may be used; however, the ceiling of such monetary penalties shall not exceed 5% of the contracted amount. Detailed methods may be formulated by the State Council foreign aid agency when appropriate.Article 32. Those who are suspected of a crime in foreign aid activities shall be prosecuted in accordance with the Criminal Code of the People’s Republic of China.This law shall be effective on the date of ....本文节选自论对外援助专门立法的构建,系对外经济贸易大学法学院硕士论文,作者李锟先。