it做形式宾语的用法
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it用作形式宾语 1. 基本用法 当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时,通常会在宾语 补足语前使用形式宾语,而将真正的宾语移至句末。其基本结构为 “动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词或从句)”。 We think it important to
learn a foreign language. 该句型中的it作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为“7123结构” 7指主句中的常用的动词:think, believe, make, find, consider,
feel, take. 1指的是形式宾语it . 2指的是宾补的两种形式:形容词和名词 3指的是真正宾语的三种形式:不定式短语,动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。
We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.
XiaoLi felt it important learning English well. They
found it difficult that they would finish their work in two
days. I find it difficult to do the job well. 我发现做好这件事不容易。 I think it best that you should stay
here. 我认为你最好住这儿。 We think it no use
complaining. 我们认为抱怨是没有用的。 You will find
it pleasant working here.你将发现在这里工作是很愉快的。 2. 用作形式宾语的几个特殊结构“下面的几个结构希望大家认真识记下来” (1) 动词+ it + that-从句。如: I like it that you came. 你来了,我很高兴。 I take it (that) he will come on time. 我认为他会准时来的。 You can put it that it was arranged before. 你可以说这是以前安排的。 Rumor has it that the defence
it作形式宾语和引导强调句的用法小结
1. IT作形式宾语的用法:
- 当主语是不定式或从句时,可以用it作为形式宾语。
例:I find it difficult to understand this book.(我发现理解这本书很困难。)
- 当主语是动词的-ing形式时,可以用it作为形式宾语。
例:I enjoy it when you sing.(当你唱歌时,我很享受。)
2. 引导强调句的用法:
- 强调句一般由以下结构构成:It is + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他部分。
- 当被强调部分是名词时,用that来引导强调句。
例:It was John who won the competition.(赢得比赛的是约翰。)
- 当被强调部分是代词时,用who来引导强调句。
例:It was he who broke the vase.(打破花瓶的是他。)
- 当被强调部分是形容词或副词时,用that来引导强调句。
例:It is very important that you study hard.(你努力学习非常重要。)
需要注意的是,强调句的语序需要颠倒,被强调部分放在句首。此外,引导强调句的it没有实际意义,只起连接作用。
it作形式主语或形式宾语的用法
1. it用作形式主语
当不定式、动名词、从句等用作主语时,为避免头重脚轻,通常在句首使用形式主语it,而把真正的主语放在句子末尾。如:
It’s a pity to refuse. 拒绝是令人遗憾的。
It’s no use saying any more about it. 再谈这事没有用。
It’s not known where she went. 她到哪里去了没人知道。
注:It is said / reported / believed / understood
that… 这类结构中的 it 也是形式主语。如:
It’s reported that two people were injured in the
accident. 据报导这次事故中有两人受伤。
2. it用作形式宾语
当不定式、动名词、从句等用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时,就应在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语,而将真正的宾语移至句末。如:
I find it easy to get on with her. 我发现她很容易相处。
I think it best that you should stay here. 我认为你最好住这儿。 They haven’t made it known where they are to hold
the conference. 他们还没宣布会议在哪里开。
几种特殊的形式宾语it
1. enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer, appreciate等动词后接 if 从句或 when 从句,通常应先在动词后接 it 作形式宾语。如:
She won’t like it if you arrive late. 她不喜欢你迟到。
He hates it when people use his bike. 他讨厌别人用他的自行车。
" It" 做形式宾语用法总结
当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在某个句子中作宾语时,为保持句子结构平衡,避免句式结构的混乱,常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放在句尾,构成“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词或从句)”结构,也可称作“6123结构”。此时it仍只起先行引导作用,本身无词义。它可以代替三种形式:不定式、动名词和宾语从句。
it作形式宾语时,需具备两个条件: ① 真正的宾语是不定式、动名词或从句; ② 有宾语补足语,具备了这两个条件,形式宾语it一定要用。
⒈ it代替不定式短语 think/ find/ feel/ consider/ make/ regard…+ it +形容词/名词 + 不定式短语 如:
①I find it pleasant to work with him.
(it 作形式宾语,代替不定式短语to work with him)
②They felt it difficult to finish the work in such a short time.
( it 作形式宾语,代替不定式短语to finish the work in such a short time)
③She thinks it her duty to help us.
( it 作形式宾语,代替不定式短语to help us)
④I think it my honor to be invited to speak here.
( it 作形式宾语,代替不定式短语to be invited to speak here)
⑤Tom didn’t find it difficult to write letters in Chinese.
( it 作形式宾语,代替不定式短语to write letters in Chinese)