英语四级语法
第十一堂主谓一致
掌握主谓一致的各种情况，在四级考试的完形或写作中避免出错。
一、中文译成英文
1. (十五分钟是一段很漫长的时间)for a boy who is eager to see his girlfriend.
2.She ate bread and butter for breakfast, and (这是她最喜欢的食物).
3.Neither the children nor the mother (失去信心).
4. (现场的每一个人都发表了自己的观点) concerning the election.
5.This is the best of (正常运行的机车).
6.It is not I but you who (是最先跑到终点的) in that competition.
Key 1.Fifteen minutes seems a long time
2.it is her favorite food
3.lost her confidence
4.Every person present states his opinion
5.the automobiles that is in working order
6.are the first to run to the goal
主谓一致是指以下三种情况：1）语法形式上要一致，即主语的单复数形式要与谓语一致；2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致；3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。
主语例示
时间、距离、
重量、价值、复数作} 数目等名词整体看Fifty years is only a short time in human history. Two hundred miles is a long distance.
One dollars seems a fair price to that book.
短语、不定式从句、动名词Swimming is a good way to keep healthy.
To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。
Where we will interview hasn’t been made public.
“s”结尾的学科名词Politics is the art or science of government.［注意:Her politics are/is
weak.有物主代词修饰时单复数均可。］
书、报、地名、组织的复数形式The United Nations is a world organization. The Times speaks for the British government.
news/works/crossroads/ woods等复数形式表单数概念means视情况Bad news has wings.好事不出门，坏事传千里。Every means has been tried to settle the problem. All means have been tried to settle the problem.
并列主语指同一概念时A thief and murderer was sentenced to death.Care and patience is needed in our work.
some/any/no/every +
thing/ one/ body/where
Somebody is looking for you.Anyone is forbidden to smoke here.
each/every/no/many a +单数名词+and+ each/every/no/many a +单数名词Each man and each woman was invited to the party. No engineer and no worker was in the workshop. Many a boy and many a girl has seen it.
Many a/the whole/each/every/neithe r/either+单数名词Many a boy has tried, but few have succeeded.The whole nation was in deep sorrow.
Neither story is true.
each/neither/either+of+名词复数或them, us,you Each of them has a beautiful house. Neither of them is fit for the task.
pair of+ 复数名词This pair of shoes needs mending.
more than one+单数名
词
More than one soldier was killed in the battle.
there be + 单数名词
and + 复数名词
There is a book, two pencils and three pens.
one, the other, another, no one, neither等Here is only one shoe. Where is the other? One has to do one’s best.
man(人类)/the world(世人)/clothing(衣着) Our clothing protects us from the cold. Only man knows how to cook.
a series of/a species of A series of lectures on psychology is given by Mr Smith.
the number of The number of pages in this book is nine hundred.
one and a half+复数名
词
One and a half bananas is left on the table.
有以下词作主语时，谓语用复数：
主语例示the + 姓的复数;The Greens are going to make a trip to London
.群岛/山脉/瀑布等;As is known to all, the Rocky mountains stand in North America.
the+folk(s)/people/police/cattle/Chinese/French等集体名词;The police are sunning after the thief. The Chinese are a hard
working people.the +形容词表一类人;The rich are for the decision but the poor against it.a great/good many+复数名词;A good many people were killed in this traffic accident.
a number of +复数名词;A number of students were absent yesterday.
一/与前面主语保持一致的情况有
主语后有以下词或短语时，谓语的单复数形式需与前面的主语一致：主语及例示
【as well as】He as well as I wants to go boating.
【rather than】The officer, rather than ministers answers for it.
【(along/together)with】The teacher together with students is visiting the factory.
【such…as/like】The girl like many boys is fond of sports.
【such as/besides】Books such as this are useful for the beginners.
【no less than= as much as和…一样】Sunshine, no less than water and air is necessary for plants. 【but/except】All students except Tom speak English.
【Beyond】The newly built TV tower, as eighty five feet tall as beyond imagination, is called“the First Tower in Asia”.
【短语作定语】Everyone here, including old people likes reading.
【同位语】The idea that we can buy toys is quite good.
