清华大学考博英语必备翻译知识点与例句

社会发展类1：1.in the midst of transformation处于转型期可以用来替代中国学生特别喜欢的with the development of…2.as international contacts multiply国际交流日益频繁multiply 用的很好，可以用来替代more and more3.growing demand for对于…的需求越来越多growing 用的很好，也可以改用2中的multiplying4.with the emergence of随着…的出现代替… appear的老套句子5.in a rapid changing China在快速发展的中国China changing with each passing day日新月异的中国6.just around the corner即将；迫在眉睫用来替代be going to happen 类的句子。

根据语境，可以解释为无感情的即将的意思；也可以解释为略有压力感的迫在眉睫的意思。

7.reach an unprecedented height达到前所未有的高度unprecedented 用的很地道，这个词较难，这个词组也很好用，比如：社会的发展到达前所未有的高度；双方的交流达到前所未有的高度（越来越深入）8.in the context of在…的背景下用来替代under the background of 等词组9.ever-increasing持续增长的在increasing 前加上了ever，表示一种持续的状态10.be valued for受到重视可以用来替代arouse one’s attention11.play a critical role of扮演重要的角色用critical来替代老套的improtant12.effective and successful communication有效的交流实际上successful是effective的一个赘述，但这里用这两个形容词来修饰communication，增加了词组的可读性13.across the linguistic and cultural divide跨越语言和文化的障碍对障碍的第一反应一般是gap，这里给出了divide，较为地道14.ensure/guarantee确保用来替代老套的make sure…15.in a rapidly maturing and diversifying market日益成熟和多样化的市场和12中的两个修饰词一样，增加了短语的可读性社会发展类21.tighten its regulatory standards提高管理标准2.stiffen its inspection program严格检查计划3.modify its enforcement policies强化执行政策1、2、3是套话类的词组，可以用于“建议类写作”的结尾部分，总能套上的，可以熟悉一下用法4.turn to less hazardous alternatives采用危险较小的做法可以用turn to 来替代大众使用的use；hazardous用来替代dangerous；alternatives 用来替代other choices5.drag one’s feet办事拖沓/拖拉此用法非常形象生动，类似形象的用法还有cool one’s heels，歇歇脚6.extend the life/ lifespan of延长…的寿命用extended来替代经常使用的动词longer7.be all-in全力以赴这种用法较为少见和地道8.be fully engaged in…全神贯注/全身心投入也可以和7互换使用，只是略有差别9.meet the priorities完成首要任务10.sb. have a rising/ soaring need forsb. increasingly demand for更多的要求两种用法任君挑选，soaring还可以用于形容物价，如the soari ng price of…11.in a tough situation处境困难用来替代meet/ confront with a lot of difficulties12.approach the issue处理问题用来替代老套的deal with a lot of problems13.counter the rise of应对…的崛起用来替代meet the challenge of14.a watershed moment转折时刻watershed原意为分水岭，这里的用法很形象，用来替代陈旧的important15.a landmark speech标志性的演讲landmark 为标志性的意思，与milestone相类似；与14中的watershed有异曲同工之妙（注：文档可能无法思考全面，请浏览后下载，供参考。

清华大学考博英语真题复习备考重点词汇汇总make a/the difference有影响，很重要carry/bring into effect使生效，使起作用put into effect实行，生效come/go into effect生效，实施take effect生效，起作用catch one’s eye引人注目keep an eye on留意，照看make faces做鬼脸find fault埋怨，挑剔catch fire着火需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。

come/go into force生效，实施make friends交朋友，友好相处be friends with对……友好，与……交上朋友make fun of取笑，嘲弄keep one’s head保持镇静lose one’s head不知所措lose heart丧失勇气，失去信心get/learn by heart记住，背诵get hold of抓住，掌握keep house管理家务，做家务throw/cast light on使明白，阐明bear/keep in mind记住have in mind记住，考虑到，想到make up one’s mind下决心come/go into operation使投入生产，使运转put in order整理，检修keep/hold pace with跟上，与……同步play a part起作用take place发生，进行take the place of代替come to the point说到要点，扼要地说bring/carry into practice实施，实行make progress进步，进展give rise to引起，使发生make sense讲得通，有意义catch the sight of发现，突然看见(go)on the stage当演员take one’s time不急不忙，从容进行keep in touch保持联系keep track通晓事态，注意动向lose track失去联系make use of利用put to use使用，利用give way让路，让步lead the way带路，引路make one’s way前进，进行make way让路，开路keep one’s word遵守诺言act on作用appeal to呼吁，要求attempt at企图，努力attitude to/towards态度，看法a great/good deal of大量(的)，许多(的) influence on影响interference in干涉interference with妨碍，打扰introduce to介绍a lot(of)许多(的)，大量(的)lots of大量，很多fall in love with相爱，爱上a matter of(关于……)的问题a number of若干，许多reply to回答，答复a series of一系列，一连串其他固定搭配trolley bus无轨电车I.D.card身份证credit card信用卡no doubt无疑，必定next door隔壁out of doors在户外face to face面对面地as a matter of fact实际情况，真相a few有些，几个quite a few还不少，有相当数目的a little一点，稍微，一些，少许little by little逐渐地quite a little相当多，不少no matter无论the moment(that)一……就no more不再fair play公平竞赛;公平对待in demand有需要，销路好rest room厕所，盥洗室primary school小学side by side肩并肩，一个挨一个heart and soul全心全意step by step逐步ahead of time提前all the time一直，始终once upon a time从前once in a while偶尔，有时no wonder难怪，怪不得word for word逐字地decline with thanks婉言谢绝本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。

1.The American economic system is. organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in themarketplace for those goods and services that they want most.[参考译文]美国的经济是以基本的私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济中，消费者很大程度上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付费来决定什么应该被制造出来。

2. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demandof individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen tomaximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize theirincomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how re sources are used to produce it.[参考译文]因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图最大化其利润的欲望和个人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相结合，一起决定了什么应该被制造，以及资源如何被用来制造它们。

3. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supplyoffered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product.[参考译文]另一方面，如果大量制造某种商品导致其成本下降，那么这就有可能增加卖方和制造商能提供的供给，而这也就会反过来降低价格并允许更多的消费者购买产品。

北京大学2015考博英语词汇文档(2)在考博英语的基础复习阶段，词汇的记忆是该阶段的集中复习期。

以下为育明考博频道特别整理的《2015考博英语大纲词汇文档》。

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adjust vt.调节；整顿，调整vi.适应(to)；使调节administer v.施行，实施；掌管，料理...的事务；给予administration n.经营，管理；行政，行政机关，管理部门admire vt.钦佩,赞赏,羡慕；称赞,夸奖admission n.允许进入；承认；入场费，入会费，入场券admit vt.承认，供认；准许…进入，准许...加入adolescent n.青少年 a.青春期的，青少年的adopt vt.采用，采取(态度等)；选定；收养adore vt.崇拜,敬慕,爱慕；非常喜欢adult n.成年人 a.成年的，充分长成的，成熟的advance n.前进，预付vi.前进，进展vt.促进，推进advanced a.超前的，先进的；高级的；开明的；前进的advantage n.优点，长处，有利条件；利益，好处advent n.(重要事件等的)到来，来临adventure n.冒险，冒险活动，奇遇vt.大胆进行adverb n.副词 a.副词的adverse a.逆的，相反的；敌对的；不利的；有害的advertise vt.公告，公布；为...做广告vi.登广告advice n.劝告，忠告，(医生等的)意见advisable a.可取的，适当的，明智的advise vt.忠告，劝告，建议；通知，告知advocate n.辩护者，拥护者，鼓吹者vt.拥护，提倡aerial a.(在或来自)空中的，航空的n.天线aeroplane n.(airplane)(英)飞机aesthetic a.(esthetic)美学的，艺术的；审美的affair n.[pl.]事务；事情(件)；(个人的)事affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；感动n.情感，感情affection n.爱，喜爱；爱慕之情；感情；疾病，不适affiliate v.使隶属(或附属)于n.附属机构，分公司affirm vt.断言，坚持声称；肯定；证实,确认；affluent a.富裕的，富有的，丰富的，富饶的afford vt.担负得起(损失、费用、后果等)，买得起afraid adj.害怕的，恐惧的；犯愁的，不乐意的after prep.在...以后；在...后面adv.以后，后来afternoon n.下午，午后afterward ad.(afterwards)以后，后来again ad.再次，另一次；重新；除此，再，更，还against prep.对着，逆；反对；违反；紧靠着；对比age n.年龄；时代；老年；长时间v.(使)变老agency n.代理(处)；代办处；[美](政府的)机关，厅agenda n.议事日程，记事册agent n.代理人；代理商；产生作用的人或事物aggravate vt.加重(剧),使恶化；激怒,使恼火aggressive a.侵略的，好斗的，有进取心的，敢作敢为的agitate v.摇动(液体)；使焦虑不安；困扰；鼓动ago ad.(常和一般过去时的动词连用)以前，…前agony n.(精神或肉体的)极大痛苦，创伤agree vi.答应，赞同；适合，一致；商定，约定agreeable a.符合的；一致的；欣然同意的；令人愉快的agreement n.协定；协议；契约；达成协议；同意，一致agriculture n.农业，农艺，农耕ahead ad.在前面(头)；向(朝)前；提前Aid n.援助，救护；助手，辅助物vi.援助，救援Aim n.目的；瞄准vi.(at)目的在于vt.把…瞄准Air n.空气；(复数)神气vt.(使)通风；晾干air-conditioning n.空调设备，空调系统aircraft n.飞机，飞船，飞行器airline n.(飞机)航线 a.(飞机)航线的airport n.机场，航空站，航空港Aisle n.(教堂、教室、戏院等里的)过道，通道alarm n.惊恐；警报(器)vt.惊动，惊吓；向…报警album n.(同一表演者的)集锦密纹唱片;集邮册,相册alcohol n.酒精，乙醇；含酒精的饮料Alert a.机警的，警觉的；机灵的vt.使…警觉Alien n.外侨，外国人；外星人 a.外国的；相异的Alike a.同样的，相像的ad.一样地；同程度地Alive a.活着的；存在的；活跃的；(to)敏感的All a.全部的；非常的ad.完全地，很pron.全部allege v.断言，宣称；指控alleviate v.减轻，缓和，缓解(痛苦等)alliance n.同盟，同盟国；结盟，联姻allocate v.分配，分派；拨给；划归Allow vt.允许，准许；承认；给予；(for)考虑到allowance n.补贴，津贴；零用钱；减价，折扣；允许Alloy n.合金vt.将…铸成合金Ally n.同盟者，同盟国，vt.使结盟；与…有关联almost adv.几乎，差不多alone a.单独的，孤独的ad.单独地，独自地；仅仅along ad.向前；和...一起，一同prep.沿着，顺着appoint vt.任命，委派；指定，约定(时间、地点等) appointment n.约会,约定；任命,委派;委任的职位appraisal n.对...作出的评价；评价，鉴定，评估appreciate vt.为...表示感激，感谢；欣赏，赏识，评价approach v.靠近，接近n.接近；途径，入门;方式,方法appropriate a.适当的,恰当的,特有的vt.拨给,挪用,盗用本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。

清华大学考博英语必备核心词汇大多数院校在研究生入学考试复试阶段会考察初试中未考察到的考生英语听力能力，其中很大一部分院校会采用大学英语六级听力试题或雅思和旧托福的听力试题进行测试，这些试题中都会涉及到对话，这就要求考生对常考对话中的高频词汇熟练掌握，在本文中我们为大家总结了最常考的学校、工作和银行场景词汇，希望大家熟记背诵。

需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。

一、学校场景1、课程major---专业course---课程intensive course---集训课程distance education units远程教育课程course duration---课程时长lecture---讲座、大课tutorial---小课session---学期timetable---课表a timetable clash---时间冲突credit points---学分core subjects---核心课程elective/optional/selective subject---选修课mandatorysubject---必修课syllabus---教学大纲textbook---课本lecture notes---讲义internship---实习practicum---实践课seminar---研讨会academic year---学年exemption---免修commencement date---开学日期2、申请application form---申请表applicant---申请人register---注册enrolment---登记Letter of Recommendation---推荐信Letter of Offer---录取通知Letter of Conditional Offer---有条件录取通知deadline---截止日期scholarship---奖学金orientation week---入学周3、考试和论文placement text—入学分级测试midterm exam---期中考试final exam---期末考试essay---小论文paper/thesis/dissertation---大论文supervisor---指导老师proposal---开题报告literature review---文献综述handouts---老师发给学生的印制讲义journal---周记extension---延期attendance rate---出勤率questionnaire---调查问卷hypothesis---假设plagiarism---剽窃assignment/task---作业qualification---资质case study---案例分析student number---学号academic record---成绩单4、图书馆information desk---问询处available---可借到reserve---预订due day---到期日renew---续借computing facilities---电脑设备study spaces---学习区student ID---学生证journal---期刊brochure/manual---手册overdue---超期fine---罚款index---索引category---分类catalogue---目录二、工作场景reception desk---前台resume/CV---简历cover letter---求职信fulltime job---全职工作part-time job---兼职工作casual job---临时工作interview---面试interviewer---面试官interviewee---面试者vacancy---空缺职位educational background---教育背景work experience---工作经历promotion---晋升labor contract---劳动合同quit---辞职certificate---证书三、银行场景savings account---储蓄账户credit account---信用账户checking account---支票账户deposit---存款withdraw---取款joint account---联名账户debit card---借记卡credit card---信用卡cheque book---支票簿interest rate---利率exchange rate---汇率NetBank---网银term deposit---定期存款mortgage---按揭home loan---住房贷款annual fee---年费interest-free repayment period---无息还款期credit limit---信贷限额traveler’s check---旅行支票cash cheque---现金支票personal loan---个人贷款transaction---转账branch---分行本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。

清华大学考博复习资料1．Abandon The match was abandoned because of bad weather.Ban /abolish /abort /cancel /cross out /wipe out /put off /delayDesert /forsake /leave /cease /depart /discard / relinquish /surrender /quit /withdraw /give up （24）*Abandon oneself to 沉湎于，放纵（感情）*ban sb from doing sth 禁止某人做某事*Cancel sth out 抵消*Cross out 划掉，勾掉（错误的内容）Cross sb’s mind （注意、想法等）闪现，掠过Cross sth off 划掉，删去（已处理过或不再需要的东西）*wipe out 磨灭表示放弃、取消等意思的时候一定是ing形式Wipe sth down （用湿布）把（表面）擦干净Wipe sth up （用布）擦净*put up with 忍耐容忍（讨厌的人或事）Put up 建造（房屋）搭起（帐篷）；Put sth up 1、张贴（布告等）；2、抬高，提高（价格等）；3、出卖；Put sb up 为…提供食宿；Put sb up to 纵容，鼓动，教唆*Put out 熄灭；使不安，激怒；Put sth out 出版，发布；Put oneself out 自找麻烦put an end to = stop it 停止做某事put the blame on 归罪于put to death 处死put it right 改正put paid to 毁坏，破坏，结束Put sth about 散布（谣言等）Put sth across/over 解释，说明；清楚地表达自己的意思Put sth aside 1、把（某事）撇开不理，不考虑；2、（为特殊目的）而储蓄；3、放下（手里的活）；4、留出（一段时间）Put sth away 把…收起来；储存Put sb /sth down 1、一再当众批评（某人）；2、付（订金）；3、写下，记下；4、宰杀；5、镇压（革命、反叛等），击败；6、着陆；7、贬低羞辱；8、～as （没有充分根据就）认为（某人）是…；9、～for 把（某人）登记在参加者的名单上，登记注册；10、*～to把…归因于Put sth forth (树)长出叶子Put (sb./sth.) forward 1、提出（计划、建议等）；2、将…提前；3、向前拨；Put in 1、安装（设备）；2、花费（时间作某事）；3、插话；4、提交提出（要求）；5、选举；6、（船）进港；Put in for 提出正式要求Put into 把…加进加上；（船）进港*Put sb /sth off 1、推迟延期；2、搪塞，敷衍，推诿；3、阻止，劝阻；*Put sb off sth 阻止, 使气馁Put sb /sth on 1、穿上，戴上；2、打开（灯或电器装置）；3、播放；4、装出，假装；5、增加，提高；6、上演演出；7、提供；8、欺骗，哄骗；9、增加；Put (sb.) onto 提供关于…的信息Put through 把（电话）接通；Put sth through使（某人）做（不愉快或困难的事）；做成完成（一件工作）Put sb through 使经历，使经受*Put to 1、向…提问，向…提议；2、Put sb /sth to sth 使经受…考验；3、Put sb to sth 使处于…状态Put together 形成一个团体；合在一起；使构成整体Desert /forsake*Delay doing sth 推迟，延期leave over 剩下的，狼藉的样子；Leave sth to sb 教某人做某事leave off 忘记某人Leave sb/sth out 忽略，遗漏Leave it at that 到此为止Leave go/hold of 松开，放开Leave for 去哪里cease*depart from 背离，违反（惯例、传统等）*discard v. 扔掉，弃置*Surrender to sb /sth 投降、听任某物摆布get out：走出去；滚；get away with 胜利逃脱；做了（坏事）而未受惩罚Get away To escape （从犯罪现场）脱身bug outget through 1、to reach someone, esp. by telephone （尤指通过电话）与某人取得联系；2、to (cause to) be understand by sb. （使）某人理解；3、to(cause to) successfully to the end of （使）成功，（使）完成Get across To (cause to) be understand (esp. by a large group) （使）被理解（尤指一大群人）Get ahead To advance (beyond someone or sth) 前进，进步（超越某人或某事）Get along 1、Leave, move away 走开离开；2、go well 进展顺利进行；3、to continue (often in spite of difficult) （常指不顾困难）继续下去; 4、= get on 相处得好合得来Get around/round to find time 找到时间，有时间（做某事）Get back 1、To return, esp. go home 回去回家；2、重新掌权；3、～at someone 报复反击Get by To continue one’s way of life 度日，过活；to be good enough but not bad 尚好，过得去Get down 1、艰难咽下；2、写下，记下；3、（get sb. down）使紧张，使难过Get down to 开始认真对待Get in 1、到达，进入，进去（交通工具）；2、（get sb. in）请人（到家里）帮忙；3、插话；4、to take part in 参与Get into 同get in；(get sb. Into sth) 使…陷入困境up the creek；to learn or become accustomed to 学会，熟悉，习惯于Get off 离开；下（交通工具）；逃脱惩罚Get on 1、同get along；2、变迟，变老；3、继续（常指在中断之后）；4、取得成功；5、坐上，骑上；6、登上；Get on for（时间、年龄、距离等的）接近Get onto (无被动语态) 交谈，写信，联系，接触；查出识破某人的骗局；开始谈论，着手干Get out of 1、逃避责任；2、能够停止或摆脱；3、逼出；4、to gain from 从…得到Get over 完成，结束（一般指不愉快的事）；复原，恢复（健康、快乐等）；Get around 钻空子，利用…漏洞；说服某人Get together 集会，聚会；Get up 起床；（风，火等）增强，加剧；数量增大；Get up to 到达To reachbe given to 喜欢Give sb /sth away 1、赠送（礼物）颁发（奖品）；2、表露，流露；3、泄露（秘密）；4、（因做蠢事）丧失，丢失；5、（在婚礼上）将新娘交给新郎；Give sb Back sth 1、归还，恢复；2、使（某人）恢复（品质、能力和特点）Give in 1、屈服，让步；2、呈上，交上；Give of 献出（自身或某物）以帮助他人Give off 发出，放出（气体、气味等）Give out 分发；用完，用尽Give over 停止*Give up 放弃，停止；停止尝试；认为没救了；投案2．Abide We have to abide by the rules of the game. (Abide /observe /discover /adapt)Her fame will abide for sure. Last /endure / continue /persist /remain /stay (10)*Abide by遵守（法律）、信守（协议）*observe sb doing sth 看到，注意到discover*Adapt (+to) （使）适应，（使）适合Be well adapted to 特别适应Adapt (+for) 改造，改装*at (long) last 最终，终于endure / continue*persist in (doing) 坚持，执意*stay on （在通常的时间以后）继续留下工作（学习）3．You have to keep ______ with the times.Abreast up /catch up with /go along with /fit in with（4）Keep abreast of 了解…的最新情况*catch on 1、开始变得流行；2、理解，开始明白Catch sight of 一时见到，注意到catch (sb) out 1、使某人措手不及；2、发觉某人的错误catch sb doing 当场抓住*catch up 1、赶上拉平；2、～with 追上，超过；3、～on 补做（工作）；catch up in 被卷入，被牵涉Catch at 尽力抓住*Go off 1、爆炸，铃声大作；2、（机器）停止运转；3、进行得（成功或失败）；4、变质，（食物）变坏；5、go off (sb./sth.) 失去兴趣，不再喜欢；6、入睡，失去知觉；停止进行；*go off with 携…潜逃，带…私奔；Go about (sth.) 着手，开始工作；从事Go after (sb /sth) 追逐，追求；设法获得Go against (sb /sth) 1、违反，违背，反对；2、不利于；3、与…不符go ahead 1、开始，继续；2、先走Go along 继续；赞同，支持*Go along with 同意，赞成，支持Go around /round 1、经常做某事（尤指不赞成的事）；2、通常（穿着），习惯于；3、（疾病）传播，流行；4、（与某人一起）在公共场所露面；5、足够分配；6、转动，旋转Go at/for (sb.) 1、（无被动）袭击；2、攻击，打击；Go away 1、离开，走开；2、外出Go back 1、返回，回复；2、、追溯到Go back on (sth.) 食言，毁约Go by 1、过去，经过（时间或地点）；2、（无被动）依照…做，遵守；3、根据…做判断go by the name of 称为go down 1、下楼；2、（质量、标准等）下降，降低；3、下沉；4、消肿；5、被接受；被记录下来；6、到达，延伸到；7、往南去；8、输了（比赛），降级；9、（计算机）暂停运转，死机；10、（灯光）暗下来；11、～with 感染上（传染病）go far 有成就，成功；满足许多需要go too far 太过分Go for sb /sth 1、去参加某种活动2、攻击，抨击；3、争取得到；4、同Go at/for (sb.)；喜欢，被…吸引；5、同Go after (sb./sth.)；6、包括…在内，可适用于；7、出售Go in for (sth.) 1、参加，从事（技能、知识竞赛）；2、惯于，爱好Go into (sth.) 1、进入，加入（地方、职业等）；2、被用在…；3、详细解释；4、探究，彻底调查5、（汽车等）撞在…上；*Go on 1、继续下去；2、转而做另一件事；3、发生；4、以（某事）为根据（做出判断）5、（时间）过去；6、开始运转，使工作，实施；7、抱怨不停；喋喋不休；8、接近（年龄、时间等）go out 1、（为了娱乐）离家，出门，经常出外消遣；（去远方）旅行；2、交往，谈恋爱；3、（灯）熄灭；4、广播；5、出国；6、落潮，过时；7、公开，公布；8、对…充满同情；9、（时间）结束Go over (sth.) 1、走近；2、查看，仔细检查；3、重读，重看；4、转向，改变（信仰等）；5、转播；6、清除，打扫；Go through (sth.) 1、经受，经历，忍受；2、用光；3、通过，被接受；4、得到正式认可，被批准；5、磨破，穿破；6、练习，排练；7、仔细检查；8、从头到尾阅读Go through with (sth.) （常指艰难地）完成，做完Go to (sth.) 使经历；进入，开始经历（某一状态）go together （两件事物）互相协调，相配go under 下沉，沉没Go up 上升；被建造起来；炸毁，被烧毁*Go with (sth.) 1、与…相配，适合于；2、伴随，陪伴；3、同意，接受（看法）Go without (sth) 同do without; it goes without saying 不言而喻Fit in 1、（因为有共同的兴趣和爱好）被他人接受；2、fit sb /sth in 安排时间做某事（见某人）；3、*fit in with 使某事适合于4．Absorb He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear you call.Engage /occupy /bend over /involve /be busy with (6)*Be absorbed in 吸引（某人），使专心be absorbed into 并入，吞并absorption with/in 专注*Engage sb to do sth 安排雇用Engage in 参加，参与*be occupied with 忙于做某事*Bend the rules 通融Bend one’s mind /effort /thoughts to 专心致志于…，集中全力于…Bend over backwards (to do sth) 竭尽全力做某事*Involve doing sth 包含，包括，需要Involve sb in sth 要求（允许）参与*Be busy with 正在工作的，无空闲的Busy doing with 忙于做某事5．Abundant /rich The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game.*An abundance of 丰富，充裕In abundance 充满了，丰富的Abundantly clear 显而易见*rich (+in) 富含…的；丰富的；6．access In many schools, students don't have sufficient access to the library.Way /approach /solution /answer / Accessible /available /handy /ready /convenient /obtainable /at hand (12)*Have access to 有权做某事*Stand in the way of = prevent 阻碍…实施Right of way 有权*be Under way = start 开始；在进行中*Get one’s own way 自行其是；随心所欲；为所欲为*Give way 退让；让步；屈服Have it both ways 左右逢源，见风使舵*In a way 某种方法，某一方面In no way 无论如何，决不In the way /in sb’s way 挡住去路，碍事*By the way 顺便By way of 当做，用作，作为*approach sb for 接洽，交涉Approach sb /sth about (doing) （同上）*Answer back 回嘴，反驳Answer for 对…负责；担保Answer to 对（某人）负责，对（某事，尤指错事）做出解释（antenna）*Come in handy 迟早有用*ready to do sth 准备好了做*convenient for sb /sth 方便的，合宜的*Hand down 传下来，传给；宣布，宣判；Hand over 移交，拿给Hand around0609177．His words are never in _____ with his deeds. (Situation /accordance /according /fit)I'm in agreement with Mr. Moore. In agreement with /be compatible with /comply with /conform to /be in proportion to (9)Of your own accord 出于自愿，主动地With one accord 一致地In accordance with （正式）按照，依照According to 据…所说；～(as) 【英，正式】按照Fit in 1、（因为有共同的兴趣和爱好）被他人接受；2、fit sb /sth in 安排时间做某事（见某人）；3、fit in with 使某事适合于*be In agreement with 一致同意*be compatible with 兼容，一致*comply with 服从，遵守*conform to 遵守（法律、规定等）*be in proportion to （与某物）成比例，相称8．Account He asked no one's advice; he did it on his own (account).independentlyYou have to take everything into account /consideration /Attention /regard /respect /mindGive us an account of what happened. Story /reason /information /description /tale /statementHe has been asked to account for his absence. (Describe /tell /relate / Describe (19)N.*Take sth into account/take account of 把某事考虑在内，思考On account of 因为，由于On account 赊帐By/from all account 根据各方面所说V.Account for 是…原因，= answer for；对…做出（满意的）解释Count in (out on) = back on; rely on;*Take sth into consideration 考虑到某事Attention*as regards 至于，关于*Respect for 考虑，顾及，重视In respect of 关于，有关With respect to 关于，谈到*Make up one’s mind 做出决定，拿主意；Take one’s mind off sth 不再想某件（烦心事）Keep /bear sth in mind 记住某事（有用或重要的信息）Stick in one’s mind 对（名字、细节等）经久不忘Put one’s mind to 专心于…Keep one’s mind on 专心于…Story*by reason of （正式）因为…Reason to do sth （正确或充分的）理由做某事Reason sth out （通过推理）解释，解决Reason with 与…讲道理，说服*for information only 仅供参考description /tale /statementDescribe*Tell off 责备，斥责；叫出（做某事）Tell on 告发Tell against sb 不利于…Tell sb /sth apart 区分，区别Tell of 描绘，描述*Relate to 1、有关，涉及；2、与…直接相关；3、与…和睦相处；4、认同，产生共鸣*to say the least 至少可以说to say nothing of 更不用说，何况*explain sth away 通过解释消除（某事的影响），辩解9．Acquire to acquire a good knowledge of English. Attain /obtain /gain /earn /secure（6）Acquire 得到；掌握，获得；～a taste for 开始喜欢上Attain /obtain*Gain (sth) from （使从某种局面、机会或事件中）受益，获利Gain the upper hand 占上风，处于有利地位，控制Gain currency （某种观点）流行起来There’s nothing to be gained 无济于事Gain ground 稳步发展，Gain on /upon 逼近，赶上Earn /secure10．Active He is very active in politics.Energetic /spirited /lively /dynamic /excited /enthusiastic（7）*Active duty 现役Be active in (doing) sth 积极参加活动*group dynamics 群体动态（指某一团体成员之间的相互行为和态度）（以上99）06092011．Adapt To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself) to the situation.Adjust /accommodate /alter /vary /arrange /modify /make fit（8）*Adapt (+to) （使）适应，（使）适合Adapt for (+for) 改造，改装Be well adapted to 特别适应*Adjust (+to) 适应，使适合*accommodate to 使适应，顺应alter /vary*Arrange to do sth 安排，筹划modify*MakeV.Make a start(+on /with) 开始做某事～believe (that)假装to pretend；～sb do sth 强迫某人做某事；be made to do sth～do with sth. 将就，凑合用；～it 1、及时赶到；2、成功；3、能参加、出现；4、（在生病或事故之后）活下来；～it up 和解，和好Make it up for （用好东西）赔偿，偿还；Make up to (sb.) 企图得到…欢心；make (it) up to （用好东西）赔偿，偿还；make one’s way 闯出一条路，make time 抽出时间～living (doing sth) （做某事）为生；～or break (使)完全成功或彻底失败；*make away with 带着东西逃跑; bug outMake at 采用什么手段Make for sth. 向…（快速）走去；导致,有利于，倾向Make sb /sth into 将…制成；Make (sth.) of (sth.) 理解，看待；对待，处理；Make off 仓皇逃走Make out 1、（费力）理解，辨认出；2、（以完整的形式）填写，开列；3、（泛指在商业、人际关系或生活中）成功；4、声称，假装；5、把…说成是，声称（尤指自己）重要；Make (sth.) over（尤指法律上的）转让，转交Make up 1、编造，虚构；2、化妆；整理备用；3、补足；4、（make sth. up）偿还，归还；5、（争吵后）和解12．Accustom She is ______to living in comfort. (Accustomed /used /addict /be familiar with) (4) *Accustom oneself to 使某人习惯于Be accustomed to (doing) sth 习惯（做）某事*Be used to (doing) 习惯（做）某事Used to do sth 过去常做某事Use sb to do sth 利用某人做某事Be in use （机器、场所等）在使用中*addicted (+to) 对…上瘾的*be familiar with 通晓，熟悉13．Admit It will take you half an hour to get to the station, allowing for traffic delays.(Allow /admit /accept /permit /receive /confess /acknowledge /adopt) (8)*Allow sb to do sth 允许，容许，准许Allow for考虑，顾及*Admit of (sth) 【正式】允许有Admit (to) doing sth 承认（做错了事、犯了罪）* Accept sth from sb 接受，同意做*permit sb to do sth 【正式】允许，准许做某事Permit of 容许有，允许有receive*confess to doing sth 承认（使自己尴尬的事情）*Be acknowledge as 被公认为是…*adopt an approach /strategy /policy 采用某方法、战略、政策等06092314．Adequate Their earnings are barely adequate to their needs.Enough /sufficient /satisfactory /plenty /ample (6)*Adequate to do sth 可以胜任的*enough to do sth 足够做…事Near enough 几乎，差不多*Sufficient to do sth 足够做某事satisfactory*plenty (+of) 丰富，大量，众多Plenty big /bright enough 非常（足够）大（明亮）的In plenty 供应充足，多得很ample15．Advantage The great advantage we have over them is that they are short of money.Benefit /gain upper hand /interest /profit /harvest /crop /earnings /returns (9)*Take advantage of sb（不公正地）利用某人，占便宜Take advantage of sth（巧妙地）利用某物*benefit (+from /by) 获益，受益，得到好处*Gain the upper hand 占上风，处于有利地位，控制Gain (sth) from （使从某种局面、机会或事件中）受益，获利Gain currency （某种观点）流行起来There’s nothing to be gained 无济于事Gain ground 稳步发展Gain on /upon 逼近，赶上*be in the public /national interest 出于公众、国家利益*Profit by /from 从中获益，取得教训*reap a harvest 获得成果；尝到苦果*A crop of 一群（同时到达的人），一批（同时发生的事）Crop up （尤指问题）突然发生（出现）*in return (for) （作为…的）交换（回报）16．Aim His aim is to win the game.Purpose /intention /goal /end /target /objective /motive /destination (9)Aim*On purpose 故意（地）For the purpose of 为了…目的*(have <no>) intention (of doing) to do sth （不）打算做某事with the intention of doing 意图，目的，打算Intention to do sth 目标是*No end 非常No end of 大量的，许多Make (both) ends meet 收支仅能相抵target /objective /motive /destination（以上143）06092617．Amass He amassed a great fortune in twenty years. Accumulate /assemble /gather /increase /collect /compile /heap up /store upMass /bulk /quantity /load /amount /volume /accumulation /pile/heap /crowd /multitude /pack /gang (22)Figure /digit /measureAmassAccumulateassemble*gather around /round 聚拢过来Gather sth in 收（庄稼）Gather sth together /up 集拢，拾拢*compile sth from /for sth 编辑，编纂，编制，汇编*heap up （杂乱地）堆积，堆放*be in store 将要发生，将要出现Store up 储存；制造（麻烦）*A mass of 大量，大宗Masses of 许多的，大量的The masses 群众，平民*the bulk (of sth) （某物的）主要部分，大半In bulk 整批的，大批的Bulk sth out 使膨胀，看起来更厚实，充实*quantity of 若干数量；大量，许多*load sb /sth down 给（某人）过重的负担No amount of sth will do sth 毫无结果，毫无影响*Amount to sth 总计，达到not amount to much /anything 没多大了不起*A pile of /(also) piles of 一大堆，大量Pile in /into 拥进，挤进Pile on 过分地称赞、批评等；过分夸大坏的情况Pile out 挤出，蜂拥而出Pile up 堆积，积累*crowd sb /sth out 把…挤出，排挤*pack sth away 将（某物）收拾起来Pack sb /sth in 吸引（大批的人）；把（太多东西）塞入；Pack sb /sth off 把打发走，撵走Pack up 完成工作，停工；（机器）出故障，失灵；停止做某事*a multitude of 【正式或文】大批，大量，大群，众多The multitude 大众，民众*figure sth /sb out 想出，理解（某事）；看透，理解（某人）*Half measure 折中办法Measure sb /sth against （用比较的方法）评判Measure out 量出Measure up 合格，达到标准18．Ambitious These young men were ambitious for success and money.Eager for /longing for / hopeful for /wish for /cravefor /be set on /be bent on /be intent upon*be ambitious for sb 希望某人成功*Eager for 急于得到*longing for 渴望，盼望*wish for sth 最理想的；默默期盼Wish sth away 希望（不愉快的事）自行消失*crave for 渴望，热望；恳求，请求*Set the table 准备饭菜*Set on 攻击；使攻击，使追逐；set aside 存钱set sth in See to sb/sth 照顾，照料set up 1、建造，设立；2、安排（会议），建立（制度）；3、安装，架设；4、树起，垒起，设置；Set out 同set off；开始一项行动；set sth. out 同Set forth阐明；陈列，布置；动身踏上；按顺序拜访Set in （疾病或不好的天气）来临而且（也许）持续Set foot in/on 登上，涉足，访问Set short by 重视Set the pace 定出步调，速率Set to work 开始工作*Set about (sth.) 开始做，开始；以（某种方式）处理；攻击Set sb /sth against 彼此均衡，从…减去；敌对，使与（某人）对立；*Set apart 使（某人或某物）与众不同；留出（作某种用途）*Set (sth.) aside 另外存放；拨出；置之不理Set (sth.) back 使倒退；推迟；Set (sb.) back (sth.) 使某人花费Set (sb./sth.) down 写，记下；制定，规定；将（车）停下让下车Set forth 陈述观点，阐明；出发，启程Set off 1、出发，动身；2、引起，激发（意外事件）；3、触发；4、引发（爆炸）；5、（衣服、颜色等）衬托（某物）很漂亮；6、激起（某人）的情感*Be bent on 下决心做，专心于，埋头于*Intent on /upon 专注的，专心致志的06092719．Amount His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds.Add up to /approximate /total /sum up*Add up to 总的来讲，等于说add sth to sth 把…和…放在一起add fuel to the fire 火上浇油add (sth) in 加进，包括add (sth) on 加盖，加建；附加，增加add to（使）增加add up 把…加起来；not ～不合情理；积少成多approximate /total*Sum up 概括，总结；对…做出判断20．The future of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money.Sum /measure /quantity /price /value*at any price 不惜任何代价，无论如何Not at any price 无论如何也不21．Angle Try looking at this affair from a different angle.Aspect /view /point of view /opinion /belief /attitude /impression /notion /idea /thought /conception /judgment /theory /outlook（15）061107；*Angle for（以暗示的方法）猎取，谋求*aspect (+of) 方面*point of view 观点，看法On view （画、照片）在展览，在陈列In view of 鉴于，由于，考虑到*opinion (+of) 意见，主张，看法A second opinion 他人的鉴定Be of the opinion (that) 认为，主张*Be Beyond belief 难以置信*attitude (+towards) 心态，感觉，看法With attitude 我行我素的打扮*impression (+of) （对人、事等的）印象，感想Be under the impression (that) 原以为，误以为*notion (+of) （尤指错误或模糊的）概念，观点，看法*spare a thought for 给（某人）一点关心conception /judgment /theory*outlook (+on) （对生活、世界的）看法，观点，态度Outlook (+for) 前景，远景22．Announce He had to announce the death of Johnson before the board.Proclaim /broadcast /report/state /declare /notify /tell /make known（9）061107；Announce*report back 回报，汇报Report to sb 向…负责，向…报告state*Declare against 声明反对Declare for 声明支持*notify sb of 通知，告知06092923．Anticipate A good general can anticipate what the enemy will do.Expect /look forward to /await /foresee /hope for （6）061107；*anticipate (doing) 期待做某事*expect (to do) 希望做某事*Look forward to 期望，期待Be looking to do sth 正打算（期待）做某事*look (sb) up （顺便）拜访，看望；look (sth) up （在书中）查找；look up 好转，有起色；look up to 尊敬，尊重look at 1、看；2、浏览，泛泛地读；3、检查，察看；4、仔细考虑；5，看待，对待；look out take care 当心，留神；挑选，找出Look to tend to 依靠，仰仗Look after take care of 照料，照顾Look ahead 向前看，作未来的打算Look back 回顾回想；never ～获得全胜Look down on 看不起，轻视Look down your nose at 看不起，对…不屑一顾Look for 寻找Look in 探望，短暂访问Look into (sth) 调查，检查Look on onlooker 旁观；regard 看待Look (sth) over 快速查看Look through 审核仔细检查；（假装）没有注意到await /foresee*hope for /to do sth 盼望，期望24．Anything The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Not at all 061107；*anything but 一点也不*(not) at all 无论如何（都不），一点儿（都不）All along 自始至终All at once 同时All but 几乎，差不多All for 完全赞成For all 尽管All in all 归根到底All of sudden 突然All round 全面地All the more 更加All the same 还是，仍然All too 极，过于25．The apparent things might not tell of the truth.Apparent /obvious /seeming /evident /clear /plain （6）061107；*apparent (+to) 显而易见的，明白易懂的obvious /seeming /evident*Clear up 说明，解释清楚；整理，收拾Clear up after 替…收拾Clear away 收拾，整理Clear off 迅速离开Clear out 清除，整理Be clear (about /to) 确切知道，充分了解be privy to*Make sb /sth plain 把…说清楚06093026．Apart Apart from his nose, he is quite good-looking.Apart from the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs.Except for /other than /but /but for /besides /moreover /also /too /as well /in addition（12）061112 *Joking apart 说正经的Quite apart from 撇开…来说，不考虑Apart from 除了，只是；除…以外*except for 除…之外，没有Except from （正式）把排除在外，不计*other than 除了*But for 要不是，除非Besides 除…之外，还有Besides (doing sth)moreover /also /too*Such as （用来列举事物）如像；像…这样的*As well 也，还As usual 像平常一样So as(not) to 以便（免）So …as to 这（那）样…一致So(停顿) as to 这样…以使As for 至于，说到As to 至于，说到As yet 到这时为止As if(though) 就仿佛…似的；引导从句做状语、表语As against （和…过去情况加以比较）而…是much as 尽管（倒装）As well as同（一样也），和，也，还As a matter of fact 事实上，实际上，不瞒你说As a result(consequence) 结果（发生某情况As a result of 由于…As a rule 一般（说来），通常As a whole 作为总体，总的说来As … as anything 极为，非常As …as …can be 到了最…的程度，极其As …as one can 尽力，尽可能As …as …permit 在…许可范围内尽量As …as possible 尽可能，尽量As follows 如下As from 从…时起As good as 几乎已经，实际已经As it is(was) 根据现在情况看，就以现在样子As it were 可以这么说，姑且这么说As many (much etc.) as 到…程度，多达As one likes(choose etc.) 爱怎样就怎样As opposed to 和…相反As the matter(position/it) stands 在现在的情况下As things are 照目前情况So(as) far as 就…而论，据…So(as) long as 只要Such …as to 那样…以致Won’t(wouldn’t) so much as 连…都不As best one can(could) 尽其可能地，尽可能好地As much 同样（做），同样（想）As soon 宁愿As soon as 一…就；～possible 尽快地May as well 不妨，不如*In addition 另外27．He was appointed member of the committee.Name /elect /nominate /choose /assign /vote for28．Appeal I appeal to him for help. Implore /plead /beg （4）061112*AppealN.Appeal for 恳求，呼吁Appeal to 上诉，申诉V.Appeal (to sb) for sth 恳请，呼吁Appeal to sb 吸引某人*Implore sb to do sth 乞求，哀求*Plead for 祈求，央求Plead with sb to do sth 恳求*Beg sb to do sth 请求，恳求29．Apply Please apply to the secretary for further information.The rules of safe driving apply to everyone. 061112*apply (+to) 申请Apply (+for) 申请Apply sth to 使用，应用Apply yourself 致力于，专心于Apply force /pressure 用力/施压06100130．Approve Many people don't approve of the plan. DisapproveLike /prefer /endorse /accept /think well of（7）061112*Approve (+of) 赞成，同意*disapprove (+of) 反对，非难*be like to do sth 有可能做某事*Prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做…而不愿做…Prefer doing sth to doing sth 喜欢…胜过…endorse/accept*Think of /about doing sth 考虑做某事的可能性Think better of it 认为还是不做的好Think on your feet 思路敏捷Think to do sth 设法做某事Think back 回想起，追忆Think of sb /sth 1、想出（新主意等）；2、回忆起；3、对（某人）关怀；4、what do you think of …你怎么认为Think sth out 把（某事）考虑好Think sth over 认真考虑某事Think sth through 认真考虑（某事可能出现的结果）Think sth up 想出，构思出（主意、名字等）31．Arise The company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes.Rise /raise /rouse /arouse /ariseOriginate /derive /stem / flow /come /emerge /appear /show up /turn up（14）061114*Arise (+from) （由…）引起（产生）*riseV.Rise from 从…升起rise up 反抗，造反rise to sth 对某事（尤指令人气愤的评论）反应强烈rise out of sth 起因于某事，由某事引起rise above 1、超脱，不计较；2、克服，摆脱；3、（水平）超过，搞出；4、（知识、智慧）超越（他人）5、改善（境遇）rise against 起义，造反；2、对…反感N.Rise (+in) 增加Rise (+of) 升迁，兴起*Rouse sb (from their sleep /slumbers) （艰难地把某人从沉睡中）叫醒*Originate (+in /from /with) 发源，始于*Derive (+from) 源自，源于*Stem from 源于，来自，由…发生*Flow from 来自，产生于，源自In full flow n. 滔滔不绝*Come and go 忽来忽去；变化Come unstuck 遇到困难，失败How come 怎么会这样To come 将来Come about 发生，产生（尤指不受控制地）Come across/upon 1、遇见，碰上；2、受欢迎，起到效果；3、被理解Come after 查找（某人）Come along 1、come on （尤指教育或健康）进展，进步，好转2、（意外地）出现，碰巧遇到；3、跟随（某人）；Come apart 碎裂；无法处理；Come around /round 1、拜访，探访；2、改变观点；3、降临，发生；4、苏醒Come at 1、逼近；2、（大量信息）涌向；3、考虑、处理问题Come away 脱落，脱离；离开；Come back 回来；记起；重新流行；驳斥；Come between 离间，使分开；妨碍某人做某事；Come by sth 1、得到，获得；2、顺路拜访Come down 1、（价格、水平等）下降，降低；2、南下，（从大城市）来到；3、（建筑物）被拆毁；4、～on the side of （深思熟虑后）决定支持某人；5、～in the world 落魄，潦倒，失势；6、～to the earth 回到现实中；7、～on 痛斥；8、～to 归结为，落到…手里Come down with （无被动）患病Come for 来接，来拿；试图伤害，强行带走；Come forward (+as) 毛遂自荐，自告奋勇Come from 产自，来自Come in 1、到达，达到；2、进入（房间）；3、卷入，参与；4、流行起来；5、～for 挨批评，受责备；Come into 1、继承遗产；2、卷入（某事）；3、进入某种状态Come out 1、显露，泄露；2、（事实）变得清楚；3、（书、唱片）出版，发行；4、（言语）说出，道出；5、宣布，声称；6、褪去，消失；Come out with （尤指出乎意料地）说出，提出Come of age 1、到达法定年龄；2、达到巅峰时期*Come of sth 由于…而产生,是…的结果Come off 1、脱离，分开；2、进行得…；3、达到效果，成功Come on 1、（灯或机器）打开，开动；2、快点儿，加油，高兴点儿；3、改善，提高；4、偶然发现；5、～to 转到（新话题）Come over 1、拜访；2、突然感觉…；3、清楚地理解（观点）；4、表现为，显得Come through 1、（消息、结果等）公开，公布；2、安然渡过Come to 醒过来Come to sth 达到某种状态（目的）Come under 被统治（控制、影响）；2、列在…之下Come up 1、被提到，被考虑；2、北上，去大城市；3、走近；4、升起；5、（问题或困难）突然出现；6、～for 定期回顾，检查Come up with 想出，提出（主意、计划）；提供*emerge (+from) 浮现，出现；（从困境中）摆脱出来*show up 1、到达；2、使（某物）显现出来；3、显露；Show sb around 带某人参观*Show off 1、（自我）炫耀；2、炫耀（某物）；3、使夺目Show over 带某人参观Be on show 在陈列，在展出V. *Turn down 关小，调低（音量等）；拒绝，摒弃Turn off 关上（电源等）；转入拐入（另一条路）；（使）厌烦Turn one’s hand to 着手做…*Turn (sb) against （使）转而反对Turn around 完成，提供，生产出；使（业务）好转Turn away 打发走，拒绝接纳；拒绝给（某人）同情Turn back（使）折回*Turn in 1、交回，交还；2、交差；3、～（sb）～告发，交给警方；4、上床睡觉；Turn into 1、变成；2、（通过魔法）使…变成；3、（季节）变化Turn on 1、打开，接通（电源等）；2、突然攻击。

清华大学考博英语真题常用固定搭配以M开头major in主修;专攻make away/off with携…而逃;干掉。

杀死;(钱)挥霍掉make(a/an)effort/face/friends/fuss/living/move/no difference/noise努力;尽力/做鬼脸;与…交朋友/大吵大闹/谋生/动身;采取行动;无所谓：没关系/嚷嚷，胡搅make for往…走去;向…前进;有助于;促进make good成功;兑现诺言;实现;补偿;消除不良影响make light/little of不放在眼里;等闲视之/轻视;贬抑make out理解;看清楚;辨认;起草(文件等);假装;填写;开(票等)make room/way(for)给…让出(地方，路)make sense(love/money/peace/use)有意义;讲得通;有道理(做爱/挣钱/讲和/使用)make sure/certain确保;确实;务必make the best/most of善于处理…;充分利用(使用)make up化妆;配制;调制;整理床铺(房间);组成;构成;编造，捏造;和解，言归于好;弥补;补偿many(of)(…中的)许多mark out划出边线;标出界线may/might as well不妨…;还是…的好;最好…meet/satisfy the need满足需要mix up把…搞混，混淆;搞乱more often than not通常;多半no matter+what-word不管…;无论…no/none other than不是别人，正是…;恰恰是no wonder难怪;不足为奇not nearly远非;远不及;相差很远not to mention/speak of更不用说;更不必说now that既然本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。

8. Certain it is that all essential processes of plant growth and development occur in water.分析：本句为表语前置，表示强调。

正常语序应为：It is certain that…。

译文：植物发育生长的全部根本过程当然是在水中发生的。

9. We rally should not resent being called paupers. Paupers we are, and paupers we shall remain.译文：我们确实不应因为被称作穷光蛋而愤愤不平。

我们确实是穷光蛋，而且还会继续是穷光蛋。

10. Then, down the crowed thoroughfare comes the University of Cambridge ’s most distinctive vehicle, bearing its most distinguished citizen.分析：正常语序应为：The vehicle came down the thoroughfare 。

为使语言生动形象，文学作品中常用这类倒装。

在翻译时要尽量翻译出原句的语言效果。

这里bear=carry 。

译文：从拥挤的街道上驶来了一辆剑桥大学最有特色的车，车上坐着学校最著名的人物。

1. Most novelists and historians writing in the early to mid-twentieth century who considered women in the West, when they considered women at all, fell under Turner’s spell.分析：本句的主干结构是：Most novelists and historians…fell under Turner’译文：从本世纪初到本世纪中叶从事写作的小说家和历史学家只要描写妇女，就会描述西部妇女，而且都被特纳迷住。

分类词汇:homogeneous同质的反义词：heterogeneousdialect方言 (v.s. accent)discrepancy差异misconception误解 (mis + concept + ion)= misunderstanding barrier障碍(物) bar, = barricadediscrimination区别、歧视 racial ~， discriminate (+against) hierarchy等级制度 heir(继承人) + arch(govern) + yinsularity岛国性质 (insular, island)British industry has often been criticized for its linguistic insularity.microcosm小天地 micro + cosm(os)nostalgia=homesickness, patriot爱国者 patriotic, patriotism notoriety恶名 (notorious)counterpart 对应人，对等物 counterculture, counterbalance peer 同等的人凝视，窥视(~ peep)subordinate下级下级的 superiortactics战术，技巧 v.s. strategy(战略，策略)marketing strategy v.s. selling tactics nuance ﹦ a subtle difference in meaning compatriot同胞 , 同胞的 com + patriotvernacular本地的，本国,本地话，本国话 the vernacular languages of India . Hispanic whose first language was Spanish immigration移入 immigrant, immigrate；emigration迁出 (emigrant, emigrate)antipodes： opposite sidespermeate渗透，弥漫 Smoke permeated the house. entrepreneur企业家 enterprise entrepreneurship practitioner开业者，从业者 praction (practice) + er celebrity： a famous person= luminary, VIPproxy代理人anecdote轶事 (anecdotal)benchmarking类比分析punctual准时的，守时的 ( punctuality) absenteeism 旷工 absent absentee 缺席者flextime 弹性工作时间 flex(flexible) + time harass 骚扰 (harassment)redundancy 冗余，冗员 network redundancy downsize 裁员 ( lay off)ballot 投票 (= vote)impartial 不偏不倚的 (partial)lobby 大堂(n.) 游说(v.)dubbing 配音录制vogue 时尚bizarre 奇异的 weird (怪异的)mediocre 平庸的dietitian 饮食学家 (diet)connoisseur 行家，鉴赏家equilibrium 平衡，均衡questionnaire 调查表，问卷quantitative 定量的contingency 偶然性，偶然事件incur 招致 debts/hatred/danger occur 发生, concur 同意一致, recur 复发ethical 伦理的，符合伦理的 ethics, unethicaldubious 疑惑的，可疑的 (doubt) be dubious about manifestation 显示，证明 ( manifest)subtitle 字幕，副标题 subsidiary 辅助的, submarine 潜水, subway 地铁, suburb 乡镇考博英语翻译中可能涉及的热点词汇总裁助理： assistant president综合治理： comprehensive treatment安居工程： housing project for low-income urban residents信息化： information-based; informationization智力密集型： concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive外资企业： overseas-funded enterprises下岗职工： laid-off workers分流： reposition of redundant personnel 过剩人员的重新定位三角债： chain debts素质教育： education for all-round development豆腐渣工程： jerry-built projects 草率的社会治安情况： law-and-order situation民族国家： nation state台独： independence of Taiwan台湾当局： Taiwan authorities台湾同胞： Taiwan compatriots台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分： Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory.西部大开发： Development of the West Regions可持续性发展： sustainable development风险投资： risk investment通货紧缩： deflation扩大内需： to expand domestic demand计算机辅助教学： computer-assisted instruction (CAI)网络空间： cyberspace虚拟现实： virtual reality网民： netizen (net citizen)电脑犯罪： computer crime电子商务： the e-business网上购物： shopping online应试教育： exam-oriented education学生减负： to reduce study load下岗： laid-off workers下海： plunge into the commercial sea下网： off line小康之家： well-off family; comfortably-off family新秀： up-and-coming star, rising star新新人类： New Human Being； X Generation信息港： info port形象小姐/先生： image representative of a product or a brand虚拟网： virtual net学生处： students' affairs division (分配、分派)研究生毕业证/学位证： graduate diploma/ graduate degree's diploma 摇钱树： cash cow以人为本： people oriented; people foremost义务教育： compulsory education易拉罐： pop can应试教育： examination-oriented education system舆论导向： direction of public opinion运球： dribble在职博士生： on-job doctorate早恋： puppy love招生就业指导办公室： enrolment and vocation guidance office (职业)证券营业部： stock exchange; security exchange知识产权： intellectual property rights中专生： secondary specialized or technical school student中流砥柱： mainstay, chief corner stone专卖店： exclusive agency; franchised store (营业权)自我保护意识： self-protection awareness综合国力： comprehensive national strength综合业务数字网： integrated service digital network (ISDN)公正、公平、公开： just, fair and open好莱坞大片： Hollywood blockbuster (大轰动)黄金时段： prime time假唱： lip-synch(同步)劲射： power shot拉拉队： cheering squad(小组、班级)来电显示电话机： caller ID telephone论文答辩： (thesis) oral defense泡沫经济： bubble economy票贩子： scalper, ticket tout (兜售)拳头产品： competitive products; knock-out products; blockbuster三角恋爱： love triangle三维动画片： three-dimensional animation"扫黄"、"打非"： eliminate pornography and illegal publications (色情)申办奥运会： bid for the Olympic Games实现中华民伟大复兴： bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese Nation (复兴，中华民族)市场疲软： sluggish market (停滞的，萧条的)素质教育： education for all-around development筒子楼： tube-shaped apartment脱贫致富： cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity (繁荣、昌盛)网吧： Internet bar网恋： online love affair网上冲浪： surf the Internet网上交易平台： online trading platform网友： net friend无人售票： self-service ticketing无绳来电显示电话： cordless telephone with caller ID无线应用协议： WAP (wireless application protocol )附录:英语翻译与写作常用动宾词组一、政治类：把…捐给慈善机构：donate …to charities把…看成社会公敌：look upon … as a threat to society把…列为基本国策：list… ..as fundamental national policies把…作为指导：take… as the guide把理论和实际结合起来：integrate theory with practice …把握大局： grasp the overall situation摆脱贫穷落后： get rid of poverty and backwardness保护妇女权利不受侵犯：guarantee (protect) women’s rights against infringement采取各种措施： adopt various measures参政、议政： participate in the management of State affairs充满信心和力量： be filled with confidence and strength打破僵局： break the deadlock打破禁区： break off a forbidden zone得出结论： draw ( arrive at， come to reach ) a conclusion锻造一支人民军队：forge a people’s army对…具有深远的影响： have a far-reaching impact on对…做出重要(巨大)贡献： make important (great, major )contributions to反对各种形式的恐怖主义： be opposed to all forms of terrorism反腐倡廉： combat corruption and build a clean government高举伟大旗帜： hold high the great banner (旗帜)给…带来机遇和挑战： present (bring) both opportunities and challenges to根除 (防止，消除)腐败： root out (prevent, eliminate) corruption观察当今世界： observe the present-day world缓和紧张状况： ease the tension回顾奋斗历程： review the course of struggle加快改革步伐： accelerate the speed of reform加强舆论监督： ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion坚持改革开放政策： adhere to the reform and open policy坚持统一，反对分裂，增加：persist in reunification,，oppose separation, increase了解，化解歧见： understanding and iron out differences减轻农民负担：alleviate farmer’s burden解放思想： emancipate our minds (解放)解决温饱问题： solve the problem of food and clothing解决新问题： resolve new problems进入世界先进行列： edge into the advanced ranks in the world进入新时期： enter a new period进行和谈： hold peace talks进行战略性调整： make strategic readjustment就…接受妥协： accept a compromise on开发西部： remake the west (再制，改造)开始生效： go into effect (enter into force)开拓前进： open up new ways forward科教兴国：rejuvenate our country through science and education (恢复) 理顺关系：rationalize the relationship (使合理化)履行权利和义务：perform the responsibilities and obligations迈出重要的一步：make an important step热爱和平：love peace深化改革：deepen the reform审时度势：size up the situation (打量，估计)实现发展繁荣：bring about development and prosperity实现民族独立：realize national independence实现夙愿：fulfill the long-cherished wishes实现小康目标：achieve the goal of ensuring our people a relative comfortable life (确保)实现中华民族伟大复兴：bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation实行新政策：practice new policies受到全世界广泛关注：attract extensive attention worldwide缩小差别：bridge (narrow) the gap完成中华民族的振兴大业：implement the revitalization of our nation 维护世界和平：maintain world peace吸收各国文明的先进成：absorb what is advanced in other civilizations 下放权力给：delegate the management of ... (to ...) (委托，代表，授权；管理)退还大量钱款：give back an amount of money脱贫致富：cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity完善服务：perfect services为… 带来多种经济和社会效益：bring multiple economic and social benefits to…为…提供巨大商机：present huge business opportunities吸收游资：absorb idle fund吸引外商投资：attract foreign investment下海：plunge into the commercial sea陷入困境：land oneself in deep trouble向…投资巨额资金：invest huge amounts of money into消灭假冒伪劣产品：wipe out fake products以经济建设为中心：focus on the central task of economic construction 以质量求生存、求发展、求效益：strive for survival, development and efficiency on the basis of equality (努力，反抗)优胜劣汰：select the superior and eliminate the inferior优先发展公共运输：give priority to the development of public transportation有巨大潜力：have huge potential for与国际市场接轨：integrate with the world market; become integrated into the global market在… 建立分公司：set up branches in造成很大压力：pose a big pressure on造成损失：cause a loss to增加农业投入：invest more in agriculture占领市场10%：occupy (take，account for ) 10 percent of the market (占；考虑)招商引资：attract (bid for, invite) investments (from overseas)制订… 法律：make a law of制定优惠政策：work out favorable policy制造假象：create smoke screens to do阻碍… 的经济发展：handicap(hamper) the economic development 阻止人才流失：stop the talent flight (brain drain)遵循市场经济的规律：follow the law of market economy三、文化生活类不注重历史：neglect history把… 列为世界自然文化遗产：list …as a world natural heritage site摆架子(摆谱儿)：put on airs (show off，keep up appearances)(外表) 保护文化遗产：protect cultural heritage (relics)(遗物，文物)博采各国文化之长：draw on strong point of the cultures of other countries (优点)采取保护态度：take protective attitude承担应有的义务：undertake the due obligations承前启后，继往开来：build on the past and prepare for the future，inherit the past and usher in the future(引导，引入)充分发挥知识分子的积极性和创造性：give full play to the initiative and creativity of intellectuals触击现行法律的盲区：touch a blank area of the existing law (现存的) 创建卫生城市：build a nationally advanced clean city辞旧迎新：bid farewell to the old and usher in the new (ring out the old year and ring in the new) (命令，吩咐；宣布离去，包围)从事电子商务工作：conduct e-commerce (引导，实施)促进儿童身心健康发展：promote the healthy development of children both physically and mentally(身心)促进交流：promote the communication促进文化市场健康发展：facilitate the sound development of the markets for cultural products( 推进，促进)促进相互了解：enhance (further) mutual understanding得到群众的广泛支持：enjoy grass-root support抵住… 的诱惑：resist the temptation of对…持欢迎态度：take a welcoming attitude to对…情有独钟：show special preference (favor) to发挥…的聪明才智：develop one’s own talents and wisdom发挥潜力：tap one’s potential繁荣文学艺术：enable literature and art to flourish；promote flourishingliterature and art反映中国的灿烂文化：reflect the rich culture of China放下架子：relinquish haughty airs (get off one’s high horse；throw off one’s airs) (松开，放开；傲慢的，自大的)腐蚀人的灵魂：poison one’s mind (毒物，有害之物)改进教学：improve teaching and learning给学生减负：alleviate the burden on students和… 持相同观点：share views similar to互派访问学者：exchange visiting scholars激发旅游热情：stimulate enthusiasm for traveling继承历史文化优秀传统：carry on the fine cultural traditions handed from history；carry on the fine historical and cultural traditions加强文化基础设施建设：build more cultural establishments讲诚信，反欺诈：honor credibility and oppose cheating (可信性) 交换意见：exchange views (ideas, opinions)教书育人：impart knowledge and educate people (传授，告知)经受住暴风雨的考验：weather the storm(处境，境遇)精心编写教材：compile the textbooks with great care净化因特网：purify the Net举办文化节( 展览会)：hold (conduct, give) cultural festivals (an exhibition)举行学术会议：hold an academic meeting开创假日经济：initiate Holiday Economy开发潜力：exploit one’s potential开阔视野：widen one’s vision (horizon)开设课程：offer courses开展对外文化交流：conduct cultural exchange with other countries开展群众性文化活动：carry out mass activities on culture攀登事业的高峰：climb one’s career ladder评估学业成绩：evaluate academic scores (achievements)破除迷信：eradicate superstition (根除，消灭；迷信，盲目崇拜) 普及九年制义务教育：make nine-year compulsory education universal 普及科普知识，传播科学思想，倡导科学精神：popularize scientific and technological knowledge，spread scientific thought and advocate the scientific spirit启发学生：enlighten the students容纳三千名旅客：accommodate 3000 passengers扫除文盲：eliminate (wipe out) illiteracy上网：get on (have access to , be wired to) Internet实施以德育为核心来挑选选手：carry on the quality education centering on moral education to choose players同教练反应一致：share the same reaction with their coach为奥林匹克运动和世界和平做出贡献：make contribution to the Olympics movement and world peace卫冕世界冠军：regain world champion(收复，恢复；蝉联冠军) 吸引中国大学生优秀选手：attract China’s top university players向世界顶级球队学习：learn from the world’s top teams与对手较量： take on an opponent与强队竞争： compete with strong teams增进友谊： strengthen friendship展示技能：demonstrate their skills展示中国足球的最新发展：demonstrate(show) the latest development of China’s soccer支持北京申办 2008 年奥运会：support Beijing’s bid for the 2008 Olympic Games主办奥运会：host the Olympic Games主办中国大学生篮球联赛：sponsor the China University Basketball Association league抓住练习和学习的机会：grasp the chance to practise and learn响应号召：respond to the call修改法律：amend the laws宣布… 召开：announce the opening of徇私枉法：bend the law for the benefit of relatives or friends依法治国：govern the country according to law引起全国的关注：arouse the concern of the whole nation引起全世界广泛关注： attract extensive attention worldwide赢得一个又一个胜利：win one victory after another在… 中起(至关)重要作用： play a major(crucial, an important ) role in 增强凝聚力：enhance the rally power(重整，集合)增强综合国力和国际竞争： enhance comprehensive(overall) national strength and international competitiveness展望伟大征程： look into the great journey展现生机和活力：display one’s vigor and vitality战胜无数的困难： overcome numerous difficulties振兴西部：revive the west振兴中华民族：rejuvenate(revitalize) our nation政企不分： mix up the functions of the government and enterprises政企分开：separate government functions from enterprise management 政务公开： make government affairs public主张各国政府采取行动：urge governments of all countries to takeaction抓住机遇：seize the opportunity转变政府职能：transform(shift) the government functions追求进步：pursue progress追求真理：seek the truth走进新时代：march(stride) into the new era.遵纪守法、廉洁奉公： observe the relevant code of conduct and the lawand honestly perform one's official duties (规则，惯例；指挥，引导；执行，履行，完成)遵循规则： follow the principles二、经济类爱岗敬业： cherish posts and devote wholeheartedly to work (全神贯注地，把…奉献给…)保持国民经济发展的良好势头： maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy (动力，势头)保持国有股： keep the State-held shares保证下岗职工的基本生活：guarantee the basic needs of laid-off workers被指控接受贿赂： be accused of accepting bribes采取不同的办法：adopt various methods采取反垄断措施： take anti-monopoly measures承担风险：bear(take) risk筹集足够的资金：raise enough funds (capital, proceeds) (收益，收入) 创收外汇：earn foreign exchange (currency) (货币，流通)刺激国内经济需求：spur domestic demand刺激国内需求：stimulate domestic demand从粗放经济转变为集约经济：shift from extensive economy tointensive economy从国外引进先进技术和管理经验：introduce from abroad the advanced technology and management expertise促进地区间的合作：promote regional cooperation促进改革： promote reform促进全球经济一体化：foster integration with the global economy打黑：crack down on speculation and profiteering (制裁；思索，投机；倒卖；投机倒把)打假：take strong measures against fake and shoddy products(crack down on counterfeit goods) (伪劣的，假冒的)打破垄断： break the monopoly对…提出控告(投诉)：lodge complaints against…对…造成(构成)威胁： form (pose) a threat to…夺回失去的市场：take back lost market发挥自身优势：give full play to one’s advantages (小心，谨慎)防范和化解金融风险： take precautions against and reduce financial risks 改善投资环境：improve the environment for investment赶超先进：surpass the advanced给… 带来积极影响： bring a more positive impact on…根据市场作出调整：gear ourselves to the market orientation公证财产：notarize the properties (对…公正)和…达成(签订)协议：reach(sign) an agreement with (签字) 和…进一步合作：further cooperation with和…有合作关系： have cooperative ties with活跃市场：enliven the market集中精力把经济建设搞上去：go all out for economic development (全力以赴)计算出准确的工资水平： figure out an exact salary level加快经济发展和结构调整：speed up economic development and restructuring加快竞争步伐：accelerate the competition加快努力： speed up efforts加强风险防范：prepare oneself against possible risks加强管理：reinforce the management减缓通货紧缩的压力：ease the seriousness of deflation减轻… 的负担： reduce (lighten) the burden of (on)减员增效： downsize for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency(效能，功效；薪金总额)剪彩： cut the ribbon(缎带，丝带)解除劳动关系：sever labor relation(断绝，中断)解放生产力：emancipate the productive forces ( free the productivity) 精简机构：streamline government organs (使简单化)竟争上岗： compete for the post举报非法行为：disclose any illegal activities (揭露，公开)开辟更多渠道： open more channels开发(青睐)中国市场：tap(favor) the Chinese market开拓市场：exploit markets控制通货膨胀： control inflation(keep inflation under control)扩大贫富差距：widen the gap between the rich and the poor扩大消费市场：expand consumption market留职停薪：retain the job but suspend the salary(维持，悬挂，中止) 面对可能的压力和竞争：face possible pressure and competition牟取暴利：seek excessive profits平衡经济(的发展)： balance economy取缔非法收入： ban unlawful incomes (illegal earnings)让…处于同一起跑线：put… on the same platform and at the same starting point让位于竞争需要：give way to the need for competition申请专利： apply for a patent实现目标： realize the goal适应… 的发展： adapt oneself to the development of损失惨重： suffer great losses缩小不平衡状态： decrease the imbalance缩小… 间的距离： narrow the gap between提高公务员工资： raise the salaries of civil servants提高管理水平：raise the management level提高居民生活：improve residents’standard of living调整产业结构：adjust the industrial structure推广科研成果精神：turn laboratory achievements into commercial以创新和实践为重点：emphasizing creativity and practice使英语达到更高水平：push one’s English to a higher level受到… 的关注：receive attention from疏导游客：divert tourists疏通关系：lubricate relationships (给…加润滑油)树立企业良好形象：foster a good and healthy company image刷卡, 划卡：punch the card; stamp the card(用力按；邮戳)陶冶情操：cultivate one’s taste(temperament)提倡文明的生活方式：advocate civilized lifestyle (way of life)提高公务员的综合素质： improve the overall quality of civil servants 提高全民反毒品的意识： raise the consciousness of the entire people vs. drugs提高知名度：raise one’s prestige提供受教育机会：offer a chance of education通过资格考试：pass qualification examinations透过现象看本质：see through the appearance to perceive the essence 推动人类文明进步：push forward human civilization挖墙脚：undermine the foundation of sth. (cut the ground from under sb’s feet)物质文明，精神文明一起抓： pay equal attention to (place equal emphasis on) the material progress and cultural(ethical) progress相互促进： help each other forward向世界展示中国文化建设的成就：introduce China’s achievements of cultural advancement to the world向学生传授知识：impart knowledge to students消除误解：clear up misunderstanding消除愚昧：eliminate ignorance形成文明、健康、崇尚科学的社会风尚： form civilized, healthy and science-upholding social practice以全新的面貌进入新世纪： enter the new century with a brand-new colorful look因材施教： teach students according to their aptitude(倾向，天资) 引起激烈争论：spark a hot debate营造良好的文化环境：create a healthy cultural environment影响身心健康：affect physical and psychological health有力地推动教育的发展：give a big push to the development of education与各国人民交往：communicate with people of all countries增强自我保护意识：strengthen one’s awareness of protecting one’s right 找工作：hunt for a job值得重视(关注)：deserve one’s attention制止盗版软件： control the pirated software重视(优先考虑)教育发展：give priority to the development of education 重视实用性：place stress on practicality尊重知识，尊重人才：respect knowledge and respect competent people 四、科技环保类帮助减缓全球变暖速度： help slow down the pace of global warming 保持生态平衡： keep ecological balance保持水土：preserve soil and water保护和改善生活环境，保护珍稀野生动植物： protect and improve the living environment and the protect rare wild animals and plants保留为自然耕地：reserve as natural farmland采用环保技术：adopt environmental protection technique采用新的开采方法：apply new exploitation methods参加城市重建： participate in the reconstruction of the city参加环保运动：take part in environmental protection activities产生巨大的水文效应： produce great hydrological effects崇尚绿色生活方式：pursue a“green”life创造良好的生态环境：create a pleasant ecological environment促进城市可持续发展：promote the sustainable development of the city 发展太阳能： develop solar energy防治污染：prevent and control pollution非常注重保护森林： pay great attention to the conservation of forest 改善生态环境： improve the eco-environment(ecological environment) 关闭化工厂：close chemical plants加大污染治理力度：strengthen pollution control加强城市绿化： strengthen the greening of the city加强环境保护： strengthen environmental protection加强生态建设： improve the eco-construction加强水土保持： reinforce the conservation of water and soil坚持门前三包制度： adhere to “the three responsibilities in the gate area”减少机动车辆： reduce the number of vehicles减少浪费： reduce waste揭开人类生命的奥秘：decode the secret of human life进一步加快环保规划： further speed up environmental protection plans 禁止露天焚烧：prohibit burning out in the open开展保护野生动物宣传教育：advocate to educate the public the protection of wild animals开展绿色活动： advocate green activities扩建管道网络： expand the pipe network普及环保知识：popularize environmental protection knowledge窃取密码：snatch password窃取知识产权：lift intellectual property实行严格的机动车排放标准：implement strict vehicle emission standards使电脑死机： crash computers使用再生纸： use recycle paper探索… 的奥秘：probe the mysteries of淘汰或改造燃煤锅炉：eliminate or convert coal-burning boilers提高环境管理水平：raise the environmental management level提高居民的环保和生态意识：improve residents’ environmental and ecological awareness提高清洁能源的比重：increase the supply of clean energy resources 投放电脑病毒：unleash viruses完善城市基础设施建设：perfect the construction of urban infrastructure 为大量野生动植物提供栖息地：provide habitats for a huge number of wild animals and plants为人类提供水和食物：supply water and food for human beings享受国家一级保护：enjoy first-class protection of the State削减污物排放：decrease the disposal of pollutants抑制传染病的传播：strain the spread of infectious diseases引发一系列的问题：result in a series of problems预防爱滋病蔓延：prevent the widespread of AIDS增强环境意识：enhance the awareness of the importance of (raise the consciousness about) environmental protection战胜非典：defeat SARS治理沙地和水土流失问题：tackle the problems of sand and soil erosion 注重节约资源：attach importance to saving resources五、人口类不服从父母：disobey their parents倡导人力资源管理：advocate the management of human resources调查性和婚姻状况：conduct a survey on sex and marriage对子女寄予厚望：pin great hopes on their children反映人们的私生活：reflect people’s private lives鼓励创建文明家庭：encourage the idea of “Civilized Families”过孤独的生活：lead an isolated life坚持计划生育的基本国策：stick to the basic state policy for family planning进行全国人口普查：carry out national population census禁止他人作克隆人的实验：inhibit others from doing human cloning experiments开辟人类历史新纪元：start a new chapter in the history of human控制人口数量(增长)：control the population size (growth)实现向低出生、低死亡、低：bring about a transition to the modern population reproduction自然增长的现代人口再生产类型的转变：pattern characterized by a low birth rate, low death rate and low natural growth rate损害人类社会的道德观：damage the morality of human society缩小代沟：narrow the gap提倡晚婚晚育：encourage late marriage and late childbirth提出离婚：ask for a divorce提高人口素质：improve the population quality维护和促进人民的生存权和发展权：safeguard and promote the peo ple’s rights to subsistence and development维护人权和不断改善人权状况：safeguard human rights and steadily improve the human rights situation享受优越的生活条件：enjoy good living condition显示明显的差异：display a marked difference优化人口结构：optimize the population structure优生优育：bear and rear better children占总人口的10%：account for 10% of the total population造成不同的思想和观念：result in a different ideology and concepts造福人类和科学：benefit mankind and science正确处理经济发展同人口、资源、环境的关系：correctly handlethe relationship of economic development versus (with) population，natural resources and environment征求父母的意见：ask for her parents’ opinion挣零花钱：earn their pocket money重视人口老年化问题：pay attention to the problem of an aging population逐渐削弱长辈的权威：undermine the authority of the older generation 尊重和保障人权：respect and guarantee human rights六、体育类避开与… 比赛：avoid playing against标志一个历史时刻：mark a historic time表现完美：give some very good performance剥夺冠军：strip the gold medal of somebody采取新的计分方法：adopt a new scoring system参加火炬接力：participate in the torch-relay参加热身赛：take part in a key warm-up game参加申办活动：articipate in the bidding campaigns超过世界记录：surpass the world record成为国家的骄傲：ecome the pride of the nation创新世界纪录：set a new world record到国际体育标准：reach the standard for international games打败比利时队：defeat Belgium打破恶性循环：break the wretched cycle打破世界纪录：beat (break, cut) the world record (for …)担任中国国家队主教练：serve as the head coach of the Chinese national team夺冠：take the crown反对使用兴奋剂：oppose the use of performance-enhancing drugs符合举办奥运会的要求：meet the requirements of hosting the Olympic Games更具进攻性：become more aggressive鼓舞队员的士气：boost the morale of the team members获得认可：gain recognition获得团体冠军：win the team title激发中国青年的雄心壮志：fuel the ambitions of Chinese youths急于获胜：gain an eagerness to win建立职业联赛和俱乐部：set up a professional league and clubs角逐世界杯：compete for the World Cup满意抽签结果：satisfy with the draw面对强手：face strong rivals鸣笛终止比赛：blow a whistle to stop the end of the match配备各种设施：furnish and equip with all facilities取得经验：gain experience取得世界杯决赛资格：qualify for the World Cup finals确保中国进入决赛：ensure China’s appearance in the final申奥：bid (apply) for being the host country of the Olympics失去男子单打冠军：miss out on men’s singles gold实现零的突破：fulfill the zero (gold medal, medal, etc) breakthrough 使其他选手相形见绌：dwarf other athletes使生命焕发活力：wake up one’s life使中国以3 ∶2 取胜：give the Chinese a 3-2 victory提出比赛建议：make comments on the contests提高中国队的水平：raise the level of the Chinese team。

清华大学考博英语-8(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}Part Ⅰ Vocabulary{{/B}}(总题数：40，分数：20.00)1.A child hears his mother tongue spoken from morning till night in its ______ form.∙ A.correct∙ B.accurate∙ C.genuine∙ D.perfect（分数：0.50）A.B.C. √D.解析：[解析] 各项的意思是：correct“正确的，合适的”；accurate“精确的，准确的”；genuine“纯正的”；perfect“完美的，完善的”。

根据句意判断，答案是C。

2.The first few months of the year I had dreaded the ringing of the telephone, because I knew it meant another ______ decision to be made.∙ A.critical∙ B.plentiful∙ C.decent∙ D.massive（分数：0.50）A. √B.C.D.解析：[解析] 各项的意思是：critical“决定性的，关键性的；批评的，批判的”，be critical about“对某事爱挑剔”；plentiful“丰富的，大量的”；decent“正派的，令人满意的”；massive“可观的，巨大的”。

根据句意判断，答案为A。

3.In protest, blacks and ______ whites sat at the counters of these restaurants and refused to move until they were sewed.∙ A.sensible∙ B.indifferent∙ C.influential∙ D.sympathetic（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D. √解析：[解析] 各项的意识是：sensible“明智的，合情理的”；indifferent“不关心的，中立的”，be indifferent to“对……漠不关心”；influential“有影响的，有权势的”；sympathet ic“赞同的，支持的”，be/feel sympathetic to/toward“对……表示同情，持赞同态度”。

一、政治类：把…捐给慈善机构 donate …to charities把…看成社会公敌 look upon … as a threat to society把…列为基本国策 list…..as fundamental national policies把…作为指导 take… as the guide把理论和实际结合起来 integrate theory with practice …把握大局 grasp the overall situation摆脱贫穷落后 get rid of poverty and backwardness保护妇女权利不受侵犯 guarantee (protect) women’s rights against infringement 采取各种措施 adopt various measures参政、议政 participate in the management of State affairs充满信心和力量 be filled with confidence and strength打破僵局 break the deadlock打破禁区 break off a forbidden zone得出结论 draw ( arrive at, come to reach ) a conclusion锻造一支人民军队 forge a people’s army对…具有深远的影响 have a far-reaching impact on对…做出重要(巨大)贡献 make important (great, major )contributions to反对各种形式的恐怖主义 be opposed to all forms of terrorism反腐倡廉 combat corruption and build a clean government高举伟大旗帜 hold high the great banner给…带来机遇和挑战 present (bring) both opportunities and challenges to根除 (防止,消除)*** root out (prevent, eliminate) corruption观察当今世界 observe the present-day world缓和紧张状况 ease the tension回顾奋斗历程 review the course of struggle加快改革步伐 accelerate the speed of reform加强舆论监督 ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in publicopinion坚持改革开放政策 adhere to the reform and open policy坚持统一，反对分裂，增加 persist in reunification, oppose separation, increase 了解，化解歧见 understanding and iron out differences减轻农民负担 alleviate farmer’s burden解放思想 emancipate our minds解决温饱问题 solve the problem of food and clothing解决新问题 resolve new problems进入世界先进行列 edge into the advanced ranks in the world进入新时期 enter a new period进行和谈 hold peace talks进行战略性调整 make strategic readjustment就…接受妥协 accept a compromise on开发西部 remake the west开始生效go into effect (enter into force)开拓前进open up new ways forward科教兴国rejuvenate our country through science and education理顺关系rationalize the relationship履行权利和义务perform the responsibilities and obligations迈出重要的一步make an important step热爱和平love peace深化改革deepen the reform审时度势size up the situation实现发展繁荣bring about development and prosperity实现民族独立realize national independence实现夙愿fulfill the long-cherished wishes实现小康目标achieve the goal of ensuring our people a relative comfortable life 实现中华民族伟大复兴bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation实行新政策practice new policies受到全世界广泛关注attract extensive attention worldwide缩小差别bridge (narrow) the gap完成中华民族的振兴大业implement the revitalization of our nation维护世界和平maintain world peace吸收各国文明的先进成果absorb what is advanced in other civilizations下放权力给delegate the management of ... (to ...)响应号召respond to the call修改法律amend the laws宣布…召开announce the opening of徇私枉法bend the law for the benefit of relatives or friends依法治国govern the country according to law引起全国的关注arouse the concern of the whole nation引起全世界广泛关注attract extensive attention worldwide赢得一个又一个胜利win one victory after another在…中起(至关)重要作用play a major (crucial, an important ) role in增强凝聚力enhance the rally power增强综合国力和国际竞争enhance comprehensive (overall) national strength and international competitiveness展望伟大征程look into the great journey展现生机和活力display one’s vigor and vitality战胜无数的困难overcome numerous difficulties振兴西部revive the west振兴中华民族rejuvenate (revitalize) our nation政企不分mix up the functions of the government and enterprises政企分开separate government functions from enterprise management政务公开make government affairs public主张各国政府采取行动urge governments of all countries to take action抓住机遇seize the opportunity转变政府职能transform (shift) the government functions追求进步pursue progress追求真理seek the truth走进新时代march (stride) into the new era.遵纪守法、廉洁奉公observe the relevant code of conduct and the law and honestly perform one's official duties遵循规则follow the principles二、经济类爱岗敬业cherish posts and devote wholeheartedly to work保持国民经济发展的良好势头maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy保持国有股keep the State-held shares保证下岗职工的基本生活guarantee the basic needs of laid-off workers被指控接受贿赂be accused of accepting bribes采取不同的办法adopt various methods采取反垄断措施take anti-monopoly measures承担风险bear (take) risk筹集足够的资金raise enough funds (capital, proceeds)创收外汇earn foreign exchange (currency)刺激国内经济需求spur domestic demand刺激国内需求stimulate domestic demand从粗放经济转变为集约经济shift from extensive economy to intensive economy从国外引进先进技术和管理introduce from abroad the advanced technology and经验management expertise促进地区间的合作promote regional cooperation促进改革promote reform促进全球经济一体化foster integration with the global economy打黑crack down on speculation and profiteering打假take strong measures against fake and shoddy products (crack down on counterfeit goods)打破垄断break the monopoly对…提出控告(投诉) lodge complaints against…对…造成(构成)威胁form (pose) a threat to…夺回失去的市场take back lost market发挥自身优势give full play to one’s advantages防范和化解金融风险take precautions against and reduce financial risks改善投资环境improve the environment for investment赶超先进surpass the advanced给…带来积极影响bring a more pos itive impact on…根据市场作出调整gear ourselves to the market orientation公证财产notarize the properties和…达成(签订)协议reach (sign) an agreement with和…进一步合作further cooperation with和…有合作关系have cooperative ties with活跃市场enliven the market集中精力把经济建设搞上去go all out for economic development。

考博英语翻译热点词汇考博英语翻译热点词汇考博，英语是第一关。

专业课再优秀、业务能力再强，如果英语不过关，也与博士无缘。

为了帮助大家，店铺整理了一些考博英语词汇，希望能帮到大家!pave the way for: 为铺平道路pay off: 成功tear up: 毁坏concede vt. ①(不情愿地)承认,承认…为真(或正确)②(在结果确定前)承认(失败)③让与convey vt. ①表达,传达,传递②运送,输送cope vi. (with) (成功地)应付,(妥善地)处理counter n. ①柜台②计数器③筹码④相反的事物⑤(拳击、击剑等)还击countryside n. 农村,乡下couple n. ①一对,一双②两三个,(少数)几个③夫妻 vt. 连接,使成对cover vt. ①覆盖,掩盖②范围为③包括,涉及,适用于④报道,采访⑤掩护 n. 盖子,封面,掩蔽(物)creativity n. 创造(力)creativity n. 创造(力)well off: 富有的acquire vt. ①取得,获得②学到cult: 邪教figure out: 想出，领悟commute: 经常长途来往allergy: 过敏a better buy: 较便宜call- in show: 访谈节目car – talk program：维修保养汽车节目take – into account: 考虑到drag: 另人厌倦pits: 很糟糕act n. ①行为,行动,动作②法令,条例③(戏剧的)(一)幕admit vt. ①承认,供认②接纳,准许…进入(加入) vi. 承认adoptive a. ①收养关系的,过继的②采用的,采纳的adult n. 成年人(或动物) a. ①成年人的,适宜于成年人的②成年的,成熟的adv. ①向后②回原处,回原状③回,还④以前vt. ①使后退②支持 vi. 后退,倒退advancement n. ①前进,进步②推进,增进,促进nose to nose: 面对面mediate: 调停be entitled: 具有……权利other than: 除…… 之外fumble around: 摸索breach of conventions: 违反习俗adventure n. ①奇遇,异乎寻常的经历②冒险,冒险活动advocate vt. 拥护，提倡，主张 n. 拥护者，提倡者，辩护者age n. ①年龄②老年③时代,时期④[常pl.]很长的一段时间v. ①(使)变老,(使)变陈旧②(使)成熟aging n. ①老化②成熟的过程③时效alter v. 改变,改动,变更analyse / analyze vt. ①分解,分析,解析②细察,细查analysis n. 分析,分析报告annoy vt. ①使烦恼,使生气②骚扰,打扰anxiety n. ①忧虑,焦急,焦虑②渴望,热望appointment n. ①约会,约定②指定,委任③职位,职务appreciation n. ①感谢,感激②评价③欣赏,赏识④(价格)上涨,增值appropriate a. 适当的,恰如其分的vt. ①私占,侵吞,挪用②拨出(款项等)供专用approve vt. ①赞成,同意②批准,核准,对…表示认可 vi. (常与of连用)赞成,同意arms n. pl. ①武器,兵器②兵种artistic a. 艺术的assemble vt. ①召集,使集合,使聚集②装配 vi. 集合,聚集asset n. ①有价值的人(或物),优点,长处②[常pl.]资产,财产assignment n. ①(分派的)任务,(指定的)作业②分配,指派association n. ①协会,联盟,社团②联合,结合,交往③联想assume vt. ①假定,假设,设想②承担,担任,就职③呈现,具有,采取attach vt. ①系,贴,连接②使依恋,使喜爱③认为有(重要性、责任等)④使附属on sb’s guard: 警惕，提防on the understanding that: 以什么为条件pull off: 将车停靠在路旁pull up: 减速停车out of condition: 不健康attend vt. ①出席,参加(会议等),上(学等)②照料,看管,关心 vi. 专心于,致力于(to)automated a. 自动化的automatic a. ①自动的②无意识的 n. 自动机械automobile n. 汽车available a. ①可用的,可得到的②有用的,有效的③可接受探访的award n. 奖,奖品,奖金vt. ①授予,给予②判给,裁定back n. ①背,背部②后面,反面③后卫a. ①后面的,背后的②向后的`,反向的ban n. 禁止,禁令 vt. 禁止,查禁,取缔battle n. ①战役,战斗②斗争,决斗 vi. 作战,斗争bind vt. ①捆,绑②使结合,使粘合③使受(法规或诺言的)约束④装订boast vi. (of, about)自夸,夸耀vt. ①夸口,吹嘘②以拥有…而自豪n. 自吹自擂,自夸的话boom n. ①激增,繁荣,迅速发展②隆隆声,嗡嗡声vi. ①激增,繁荣,迅速发展②发出隆隆声boost vt. ①提高,使增长②推动,激励③替…做广告,宣传n. ①提高,增长②推动,激励branch n. ①树枝,分枝②(机构的)分部③(学科的)分科,分支④支流,支线 vi. 分支,分出来,出现分歧breed n. 品种,种类vt. ①饲养,繁殖②抚养,培育③酿成,产生,造就vi. 繁殖,产仔budget n. 预算,预算拨款 vi. (for)编预算,做安排 vt. 规划,安排 a. 低廉的,收费公道的calculate vt. ①计算,核算②推算,推测③计划,打算,蓄意④[美]以为,认为 vi. 指望,期待(on, upon)campaign n. 战役,(政治或商业性)活动,运动vi. 参加活动,从事活动,作战cancel vt. ①取消,废除②抵消,对消③删去,划掉candidate n. ①申请求职者②投考者③候选人capture vt. ①俘获,捕获②占领,夺得n. ①俘获,捕获,夺得②俘虏,战利品career n. 生涯,职业casual a. ①偶然的,碰巧的②随便的,非正式的③漫不经心的,不经意的④临时的,不定期的chain n. ①链,链条②一连串,一系列③联号,连锁店④[pl.]枷锁,镣铐vt. 用链条拴住channel n. ①频道②[常pl.]渠道,途径③沟渠④海峡,水道,航道characteristic n. 特性,特征 a. 特有的,典型的charm n. ①魅力,吸引力②[pl.]妩媚,风韵③护身符,符咒,咒文 vt. 吸引,迷住chart n. ①图,图表②航图,海图 vt. 用图表表示,在图上表示下载文档。

清华大学考博英语-13(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}Part Ⅰ Vocabulary{{/B}}(总题数：40，分数：40.00)1.The bus moved slowly in the thick fog. We arrived at our ______ almost two hours later.∙ A. designation∙ B. destiny∙ C. destination∙ D. dignity（分数：1.00）A.B.C. √D.解析：[解析] 各项的意思是：designation“指示，指定”；destiny“命运，定数”；destination“目的地，目标，目的”；dignity“尊严，高贵”。

句意是：公共汽车在浓雾中缓慢地移动，我们几乎两个小时后才到达目的地。

2.The negotiations which ______ the signing of the treaty took place over a number of years.∙ A. preceded∙ B. prescribed∙ C. proceeded∙ D. processed（分数：1.00）A.B.C. √D.解析：[解析] 各项的意思是：precede“领先(于)，在……之前，先于”；prescribe“规定，开处方”；proceed“进行，继续下去，发生”；process“加工，处理”。

空格处的意思是：进行协议的签署。

3.Americans are highly ______, and therefore may find it difficult to become deeply involved with others.∙ A. moving∙ B. mobile∙ C. movable∙ D. motional（分数：1.00）A.B. √C.D.解析：[解析] 各项的意思是：moving“动人的，令人感动的”；mobile“易动的，易变的。

娓呭崕澶у鑰冨崥鑻辫-4(鎬诲垎锛?00.00锛屽仛棰樻椂闂达細90鍒嗛挓)涓€銆亄{B}}Writing{{/B}}(鎬婚鏁帮細3锛屽垎鏁帮細100.00)1.Introduction of My College锛堝垎鏁帮細34.00锛?/div>__________________________________________________________________________________________ 姝ｇ‘绛旀锛?Introduction of My CollegeI'm a student at Maebashi Institute of Technology in Gunma. It is located between Komagata and Shinmaebashi on the JR Ryomo Line. It's only 10 minutes from JR Maebashi station on a bus or a taxi.Maebit was originally founded in 1952 as a junior college and it evolved into a four-year college in 1997. Today there are some 700 students in both the junior college and the four-year undergraduate school.Our school offers two sets of programs, the day course and the evening course. Students can choose whichever suits their conveniences best from those two courses. Many lessons here are taught in small-sized classes.I'm in the Department of Information Engineering. My field of study is Robotics. The first period begins at 9:30 a.m., which is rather late, and the last period of the day course ends at 4:55 p.m. The classes for the evening course begin at 5:45 p.m. and end at 8:50 p.m. Maebit's campus is not very large but it has a lot of flowerbeds and plants. On campus there are the library, the club building, sports fields, the student union hall, the laboratory building, and many other facilities. Our department building lies in the northwest corner of campus. This building was built about five years ago, and everything is still new in this building.There are many clubs, but I'm not a member of any club. One of my friends is a member of the Tennis Club in which there are 5 members. They practice every Wednesday and Saturday afternoon. They are hoping to make it into the best 8 in the coming intercollegiate tournament.I like my college. I have already made some good friends and we're enjoying our school life.)瑙ｆ瀽锛?/div>2.Coping with Stress in College锛堝垎鏁帮細33.00锛?/div>__________________________________________________________________________________________ 姝ｇ‘绛旀锛?Coping with Stress in CollegeCollege life can be very stressful. Sometimes parents, faculty and others tend to idealize their college experience and remember it as that idyllic time when they had few worries or responsibilities. To students currently attending college, however, the process is often stressful and frustrating. The competition for grades, the need to perform, relationships, career choice, and many other aspects of the college environment cause stress.But before condemning stress outright, we need to understand that stress is only harmful when it is excessive. Much of the stress that we all experience is helpful and stimulating. The challenges of life tend to be stressful and an attempt to avoid stress completely wouldlead to a rather boring existence. The problem comes when you experience too much stress. There are four primary sources of stress: the environment, (noise, pollution, traffic, crowding, and the weather), physiology, (illness, injuries, hormonal fluctuations, and inadequate sleep or nutrition), students' thoughts (negative self-talk, catastrophizing, and perfectionism), and social stressors (financial problems, work demands, social events, and losing a loved one). Symptoms of stress appear in many forms. Some symptoms only impact the person who is directly experiencing stress, while other symptoms may have an impact on our relationships with others.Although some stress reactions are part of deeper and more serious emotional problems, many are not, and can be handled with relatively simple counseling and stress-management techniques. Developing a balanced lifestyle, gaining perspective by discussing problems with other students or tutors, specifying relaxation techniques, and clarifying your values and cultivating a sense of life meaning can help you relieve your stress in college.)瑙ｆ瀽锛?/div>3.Sports锛堝垎鏁帮細33.00锛?/div>__________________________________________________________________________________________ 姝ｇ‘绛旀锛?SportsFrom the earliest times, people have held sports competitions. The athletic few compete on the field while the rest of us participate from the safety of our seats. Today sports are certainly as popular as ever, and because of radio and television, we can now compete from a distance.In fact, for important competitions, the whole world becomes one big stadium.It is hard to say why humans like organized games. The reasons that we enjoy sports probably differ from person to person. Whether little kids are kicking a bail around a city playground, or million-dollar-a-year athletes are playing in a modem stadium, the excitement of competition, motion, discipline, and beauty are in the air. Who doesn't stop to watch a ball game in the street or a swimmer in a pool? What parents are not proud to see their children carried off the field by thankful fans? For the players, the joys of sportsmanship can include punishing self-discipline and the friendship of teammates.Then there is special thrill that comes only to a lucky few. It is the thrill that comes from heating thousand voices shout your name. But personal victory is only one kind of victory. In every game someone must lose, but mankind wins every time an athletic record is broken. It is this aspect of sports that brings people together.Even in defeat, no one says to an athlete, "So what?" You say, "Good try!" And when your pride gets hurt and your muscles are sore, you say to yourself, "That's part of the game.I'll win next time!")瑙ｆ瀽锛?/div>。

清华大学考博英语真题翻译的技巧1.吃透翻译原文所谓读透原文，就是在开始翻译前，要对原文的含义认真思考并做到真正理解，而不仅仅只停留在表面的理解。

2.辨证理解直译、半直译与意译的关系(1)有些英汉—汉英句型基本对应，基本直译在有些情况下可以按照原定的汉语句型译成对应的英语句型，既忠实于原文，又通顺。

但考生自己必须作出判断，按汉语句型所译出的英语句型是否正确。

Sample19原文：在过去几年里，可能任何其他话题都比不上申报2008年奥林匹克运动会更受到我国青年的关注了。

译文：In the past few years，perhaps no other topics have received more attention from our youth than Beijing's bid for the sponsorship of2008Olympic Games.(2)有更多的英汉—汉英句型不能对应，必须做适当变动才能译出：在平时的翻译训练中若发现找不出与汉语能对应的英语句型时，这时应迅速做出决断：直译既然行不通，就应立即设法意译。

这样做时，应首先研究句子结构，找出命题点来。

如：Sample20原文：没有顺利，无所谓困难;没有困难，也无所谓顺利。

译文：Without facility，there would be no difficulty;without difficulty，there would be no facility，either.如果原汉语句子无主语，译成英语时用there be句型，也可补出主语。

Sample21原文：“Doing well is part productivity and part publicity，”says Marilyn Moats Kennedy，a managing partner at Career Strategies.“Let people know when you accomplish something or when you put in the extra effort to get a project done.”译文：“出色的工作部分表现在生产能力上，部分表现在公众形象上，”职业策略公司的管理合伙人马里琳·莫茨·肯尼迪说。

一、政治类：二、把…捐给慈善机构 donate …to charities三、把…看成社会公敌 look upon … as a threat to society四、把…列为基本国策 list…..as fundamental national policies五、把…作为指导 take… as the guide六、把理论和实际结合起来 integrate theory with practice …七、把握大局 grasp the overall situation八、摆脱贫穷落后 get rid of poverty and backwardness九、保护妇女权利不受侵犯 guarantee (protect) women’s rights against infringement十、采取各种措施 adopt various measures十一、参政、议政 participate in the management of State affairs十二、充满信心和力量 be filled with confidence and strength十三、打破僵局 break the deadlock十四、打破禁区 break off a forbidden zone十五、得出结论 draw ( arrive at, come to reach ) a conclusion十六、锻造一支人民军队 forge a people’s army十七、对…具有深远的影响 have a far-reaching impact on十八、对…做出重要(巨大)贡献 make important (great, major )contributions to十九、反对各种形式的恐怖主义 be opposed to all forms of terrorism二十、反腐倡廉 combat corruption and build a clean government二十一、高举伟大旗帜 hold high the great banner二十二、给…带来机遇和挑战 present (bring) both opportunities and challenges to二十三、根除 (防止,消除)*** root out (prevent, eliminate) corruption二十四、观察当今世界 observe the present-day world二十五、缓和紧张状况 ease the tension二十六、回顾奋斗历程 review the course of struggle二十七、加快改革步伐 accelerate the speed of reform二十八、加强舆论监督 ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public二十九、opinion三十、坚持改革开放政策 adhere to the reform and open policy三十一、坚持统一，反对分裂，增加 persist in reunification, oppose separation, increase 三十二、了解，化解歧见 understanding and iron out differences三十三、减轻农民负担 alleviate farmer’s burden三十四、解放思想 emancipate our minds三十五、解决温饱问题 solve the problem of food and clothing三十六、解决新问题 resolve new problems三十七、进入世界先进行列 edge into the advanced ranks in the world三十八、进入新时期 enter a new period三十九、进行和谈 hold peace talks四十、进行战略性调整 make strategic readjustment四十一、就…接受妥协 accept a compromise on四十二、开发西部 remake the west开始生效go into effect (enter into force)开拓前进open up new ways forward科教兴国rejuvenate our country through science and education理顺关系rationalize the relationship履行权利和义务perform the responsibilities and obligations迈出重要的一步make an important step热爱和平love peace深化改革deepen the reform审时度势size up the situation实现发展繁荣bring about development and prosperity实现民族独立realize national independence实现夙愿fulfill the long-cherished wishes实现小康目标achieve the goal of ensuring our people a relative comfortable life 实现中华民族伟大复兴bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation实行新政策practice new policies受到全世界广泛关注attract extensive attention worldwide缩小差别bridge (narrow) the gap完成中华民族的振兴大业implement the revitalization of our nation维护世界和平maintain world peace吸收各国文明的先进成果absorb what is advanced in other civilizations下放权力给delegate the management of ... (to ...)响应号召respond to the call修改法律amend the laws宣布…召开announce the opening of徇私枉法bend the law for the benefit of relatives or friends依法治国govern the country according to law引起全国的关注arouse the concern of the whole nation引起全世界广泛关注attract extensive attention worldwide赢得一个又一个胜利win one victory after another在…中起(至关)重要作用play a major (crucial, an important ) role in增强凝聚力enhance the rally power增强综合国力和国际竞争enhance comprehensive (overall) national strength and international competitiveness展望伟大征程look into the great journey展现生机和活力display one’s vigor and vitality战胜无数的困难overcome numerous difficulties振兴西部revive the west振兴中华民族rejuvenate (revitalize) our nation政企不分mix up the functions of the government and enterprises政企分开separate government functions from enterprise management政务公开make government affairs public主张各国政府采取行动urge governments of all countries to take action抓住机遇seize the opportunity转变政府职能transform (shift) the government functions追求进步pursue progress追求真理seek the truth走进新时代march (stride) into the new era.遵纪守法、廉洁奉公observe the relevant code of conduct and the law and honestly perform one's official duties遵循规则follow the principles二、经济类爱岗敬业cherish posts and devote wholeheartedly to work保持国民经济发展的良好势头maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy保持国有股keep the State-held shares保证下岗职工的基本生活guarantee the basic needs of laid-off workers被指控接受贿赂be accused of accepting bribes采取不同的办法adopt various methods采取反垄断措施take anti-monopoly measures承担风险bear (take) risk筹集足够的资金raise enough funds (capital, proceeds)创收外汇earn foreign exchange (currency)刺激国内经济需求spur domestic demand刺激国内需求stimulate domestic demand从粗放经济转变为集约经济shift from extensive economy to intensive economy从国外引进先进技术和管理introduce from abroad the advanced technology and经验management expertise促进地区间的合作promote regional cooperation促进改革promote reform促进全球经济一体化foster integration with the global economy打黑crack down on speculation and profiteering打假take strong measures against fake and shoddy products (crack down on counterfeit goods)打破垄断break the monopoly对…提出控告(投诉) lodge complaints against…对…造成(构成)威胁form (pose) a threat to…夺回失去的市场take back lost market发挥自身优势give full play to one’s advantages防范和化解金融风险take precautions against and reduce financial risks改善投资环境improve the environment for investment赶超先进surpass the advanced给…带来积极影响bring a more positive impa ct on…根据市场作出调整gear ourselves to the market orientation公证财产notarize the properties和…达成(签订)协议reach (sign) an agreement with和…进一步合作further cooperation with和…有合作关系have cooperative ties with活跃市场enliven the market集中精力把经济建设搞上去go all out for economic development。

清华大学考博英语词汇复习之基础部分29306.be in favour with受宠,受偏爱;out of favour with失宠,不受宠307.in one’s favour(=to one’s advantage)对.有利308.(be)favourable to(=advantageous)有利的309.fear for(=be afraid for the safety of sb.or sth.)为…担心310.for fear of(=in case of;because of anxiety about)以防,由于怕311.in fear of(=afraid for the safety of)担心312.feed(sb.)on sth.靠吃…,用…喂养313.be fed up with(=be unhappy,tired about sth.dull)厌烦,腻了314.feel like(=have a desire for)想要315.fill in填写316.fill out(=fill in)填写317.set the world on fire=set the flames on fire(=do sth.remarkable)有突出成就318.play with fire(=take great risks)干冒险事319.set sth.on fire(=set fire to sth.)使..着火,放火320.at first sight(=when first seen)乍一看,一见321.for the first time第一次(作状语)322.in the first place首先,第一323.fit into刚好放入324.fit in with(=suit,fall into agreement)合适,相配,一致325.(be)fit for(=right and suitable for)适合326.focus on(=concentrate on)集中在…;focus sth.on把…集中在…上327.be fond of喜欢328.(be)in force有效,实施329.go into force开始生效330.by force靠武力,强行331.force…on把…强加给…332.in the form of以…形式333.be fortunate in幸运,有好运气334.free of charge免费335.be freed from免受,没有…336.in front of在…前面;in the front of在…前部337.furnish…with(=supply)向…提供338.in general(=in most cases,usually)通常（PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ:772678537) 339.catch(or get)a glimpse of瞥见(强调结果)take a glance(or look)at看一眼(强调动作)340.be good for对…有好处;对…有作用;be good at擅长于;be good to对…好341.in good time(=early)早早地(做完.到达等)342.for good(=for ever)永远地,长期地343.take…for granted(=assume to be true)把…认为理所当然的.344.be grateful to sb.for sth因…感谢某人345.on the ground(s)fo(=because of)由于…346.fall to the ground(计划.希望等)失败,落空347.on one’s guard(against)谨防,警惕;(be)on guard站岗348.guard against(=defend,keep safe)警惕,防止guard…against警卫…防止349.guess at猜,估计350.by guess靠猜351.be guilty of犯有…罪或过失352.be in the habit of习惯于353.break off(a habit)改掉(某种习惯)354.break sb.of(a habit)使某人改掉(某习惯)355.get(fall)into the habit of养成了…的习惯e to a halt(=stop)停止;停住357.at hand在手边,眼前(附近)358.by hand用手工(做)359.hand in glove(with)狼狈为奸,密切合作360.in hand1)在手边2)(=under control)控制住361.in the hands of由…掌握,控制,负责362.live from hand to mouth勉强度日,现挣现吃363.at the head of在…的前头本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。

清华大学考博复习资料1．Abandon Abandon The The The match match match was was was abandoned abandoned abandoned because because because of of of bad bad weather.  Ban /abolish /abort /cancel /cross out /wipe out /put off /delay Desert Desert /forsake /forsake /forsake /leave /leave /cease /cease /depart /depart /depart /discard /discard / relinquish /surrender /quit /withdraw /give up （24） *Abandon oneself to 沉湎于，放纵（感情）沉湎于，放纵（感情）沉湎于，放纵（感情） *ban sb from doing sth 禁止某人做某事禁止某人做某事 *Cancel sth out 抵消抵消抵消 *Cross out 划掉，勾掉（错误的内容） Cross sb’s mind （注意、想法等）闪现，掠过（注意、想法等）闪现，掠过 Cross Cross sth sth sth off off 划掉，删去（已处理过或不再需要的东西） *wipe out 磨灭磨灭 表示放弃、取消等意思的时候一定是ing 形式 Wipe sth down （用湿布）把（表面）擦干净（用湿布）把（表面）擦干净 Wipe sth up （用布）擦净（用布）擦净 *put up with 忍耐忍耐忍耐 容忍（讨厌的人或事） Put up 建造（房屋）搭起（帐篷）； Put sth up 1、张贴张贴（布告等）（布告等）；2、抬高，提高（价格等）；3、出卖； Put sb up 为…提供食宿； Put sb up to 纵容，鼓动，教唆 *Put out 熄灭；使不安，激怒；熄灭；使不安，激怒； Put sth out 出版，发布；出版，发布； Put oneself out 自找麻烦自找麻烦自找麻烦 put an end to = stop it 停止做某事停止做某事 put the blame on 归罪于归罪于 put to death 处死处死 put it right 改正改正 put paid to 毁坏，破坏，结束毁坏，破坏，结束 Put sth about 散布（谣言等）散布（谣言等） Put sth across/over 解释，说明；清楚地表达自己解释，说明；清楚地表达自己的意思的意思 Put sth aside 1、把（某事）撇开不理，不考虑；2、（为特殊目的）而储蓄；3、放下（手里的活）；4、留出（一段时间） Put sth away 把…收起来；储存 Put sb /sth down 1、一再当众批评一再当众批评（某人）（某人）；2、付（订金）；3、写下，记下；4、宰杀；5、镇压（革命、反叛等），击败；6、着陆；7、贬低贬低 羞辱；8、～ as （没有充分根据就）认为（某人）是…；9、 ～for 把（某人）登记在参加者的名单上，登记注册；10、*～to 把…归因于归因于 Put sth forth (树)长出叶子 Put (sb./sth.) forward 1、提出（计划、建议等）；2、将…提前；3、向前拨；、向前拨； Put in 1、安装（设备）、安装（设备）；2、花费（时间作某事）；3、插话；4、提交、提交 提出（要求）；5、选举；6、（船）进港；进港； Put in for 提出正式要求提出正式要求 Put into 把…加进加进 加上；（船）进港 *Put sb /sth off 1、推迟、推迟 延期；2、搪塞，敷衍，推诿；3、阻止，劝阻； *Put sb off sth 阻止, 使气馁 Put sb /sth on 1、穿上，戴上；2、打开（灯或电器装置）；3、播放；4、装出，假装；5、增加，提高；6、上演、上演 演出；7、提供；8、欺骗，哄骗；9、增加；、增加； Put (sb.) onto 提供关于提供关于…的信息的信息 Put through 把（电话）接通； Put sth through 使（某人）做（不愉快或困难的事）；做成做成 完成（一件工作） Put sb through 使经历，使经受使经历，使经受使经历，使经受 *Put to 1、向…提问，向…提议；2、Put sb /sth to sth 使经受…考验；3、Put sb to sth 使处于…状态 Put together 形成一个团体；合在一起；使构成整体 Desert /forsake *Delay doing sth 推迟，延期推迟，延期 leave over 剩下的，狼藉的样子；剩下的，狼藉的样子； Leave sth to sb 教某人做某事 leave off 忘记某人 Leave sb/sth out 忽略，遗漏忽略，遗漏忽略，遗漏 Leave it at that 到此为止到此为止 Leave go/hold of 松开，放开松开，放开松开，放开 Leave for 去哪里去哪里 cease *depart from 背离，违反（惯例、传统等） *discard v. 扔掉，弃置扔掉，弃置 *Surrender to sb /sth 投降、听任某物摆布 get out ：走出去；滚；：走出去；滚；：走出去；滚； get away with 胜利逃脱；做了（坏事）而未受惩胜利逃脱；做了（坏事）而未受惩罚 Get away To escape （从犯罪现场）脱身bug out get through 1、to reach someone, esp. by telephone （尤指通过电话）与某人取得联系；2、to (cause to) be understand understand by by by sb. sb. （使）某人理解；3、to(cause to(cause to) to) successfully to the end of （使）成功（使）成功 ，（使）完成（使）完成 Get Get across across across To To To (cause (cause (cause to) to) to) be be be understand understand understand (esp. (esp. (esp. by by by a a large group) （使）被理解（尤指一大群人） Get ahead To advance (beyond someone or sth) 前进，进步（超越某人或某事）进，进步（超越某人或某事） Get along 1、Leave, move away 走开走开走开 离开；2、go well 进展进展 顺利进行；3、to continue (often in spite of difficult) （常指不顾困难）继续下去; 4、= get on 相处相处得好得好 合得来 Get around/round to find time 找到时间，有时间（做某事） Get back 1、To return, esp. go home 回去回去 回家；2、重新掌权；3、～、～ at someone 报复报复 反击 Get by To continue one’s way of life 度日，过活；to be good enough but not bad 尚好，过得去尚好，过得去 Get down 1、艰难咽下；、艰难咽下；2、写下，记下；3、（get sb. down ）使紧张，使难过 Get down to 开始认真对待开始认真对待开始认真对待 Get in 1、到达，进入，进去（交通工具）；2、（get sb. in ）请人（到家里）帮忙；3、插话；4、to take part in 参与 Get into 同get in ； (get sb. Into sth) 使…陷入困境 up the creek ；to learn or become accustomed to 学会，熟悉，习惯于熟悉，习惯于 Get off 离开；下（交通工具）；逃脱惩罚；逃脱惩罚 Get on 1、同、同get along ；2、变迟，变老；3、继续（常指在中断之后）；4、取得成功；5、坐上，骑上；6、登上；登上； Get on for （时间、年龄、距离等的）接近 Get onto (无被动语态) 交谈，写信，联系，接触；查出查出 识破某人的骗局；开始谈论，着手干 Get out of 1、逃避责任；2、能够停止或摆脱；3、逼出；4、to gain from 从…得到 Get Get over over 完成，结束（一般指不愉快的事）；复原，恢复（健康、快乐等）； Get around 钻空子，利用…漏洞；说服某人漏洞；说服某人 Get together 集会，聚会；集会，聚会； Get Get up up 起床；（风，火等）增强，加剧；数量增大；大； Get up to 到达到达To reach be given to 喜欢喜欢 Give sb /sth away 1 Give sb /sth away 1、赠送赠送（礼物）（礼物）（礼物）颁发颁发颁发（奖品）（奖品）；2、表露，流露；3、泄露（秘密）；4、（因做蠢事）丧失，丢失；5、（在婚礼上）将新娘交给新郎；（在婚礼上）将新娘交给新郎； Give sb Back sth 1 Give sb Back sth 1、归还，恢复；2、使（某人）恢复（品质、能力和特点） Give in 1 Give in 1、屈服，让步；2、呈上，交上； Give of Give of 献出（自身或某物）以帮助他人献出（自身或某物）以帮助他人献出（自身或某物）以帮助他人 Give off Give off 发出，放出（气体、气味等）发出，放出（气体、气味等）发出，放出（气体、气味等） Give out Give out 分发；用完，用尽分发；用完，用尽 Give over Give over 停止停止停止 *Give up *Give up 放弃，停止；停止尝试；认为没救了；放弃，停止；停止尝试；认为没救了；投案2．Abide W e have to abide by the rules of the game. (Abide /observe /discover /adapt) Her Her fame will abide for sure. Last /endure / continue /persist /remain /stay (10)  *Abide by 遵守（法律）、信守（协议） *observe sb doing sth 看到，注意到 discover *Adapt (+to) （使）适应，（使）适合（使）适合 Be well adapted to 特别适应 Adapt (+for) 改造，改装改造，改装 *at (long) last 最终，终于最终，终于最终，终于 endure / continue *persist in (doing) 坚持，执意坚持，执意坚持，执意 *stay on （在通常的时间以后）（在通常的时间以后）继续留下工作（学习）3．You have to keep ______ with the times. Abreast up /catch up with /go along with /fit in with （4） Keep abreast of 了解了解…的最新情况 *catch on 1、开始变得流行；、开始变得流行；2、理解，开始明白 Catch sight of 一时见到，注意到一时见到，注意到 catch (sb) out 1、使某人措手不及；2、发觉某人的错误的错误 catch sb doing 当场抓住当场抓住 *catch up 1、赶上赶上 拉平；2、～ with 追上，超过；3、～、～ on 补做（工作）； catch up in 被卷入，被牵涉被卷入，被牵涉 Catch at 尽力抓住 *Go off 1、爆炸，铃声大作；、爆炸，铃声大作；2、（机器）停止运转；3、进行得（成功或失败）；4、变质，（食物）变坏；5、go go off off off (sb./sth.) (sb./sth.) 失去兴趣，不再喜欢；6、入睡，失去知觉；停止进行；*go off with 携…潜逃，带…私奔； Go about (sth.) 着手，开始工作；从事着手，开始工作；从事 Go after (sb /sth) 追逐，追求；设法获得追逐，追求；设法获得 Go against (sb /sth) 1、违反，违背，反对；2、不利于；3、与…不符不符 go ahead 1、开始，继续；、开始，继续；2、先走、先走 Go along 继续；赞同，支持 *Go along with 同意，赞成，支持同意，赞成，支持同意，赞成，支持 Go around /round 1、经常做某事（尤指不赞成的事）；2、通常（穿着），习惯于；3、（疾病）传播，流行；4、（与某人一起）在公共场所露面；5、足够分配；6、转动，旋转 Go Go at/for at/for at/for (sb.) (sb.) (sb.) 11、（无被动）袭击；2、攻击，打击；击； Go away 1、离开，走开；、离开，走开；2、外出 Go back 1、返回，回复；、返回，回复；2、、追溯到 Go back on (sth.) 食言，毁约食言，毁约 Go by 1、过去，经过（时间或地点）、过去，经过（时间或地点）；2、（无被动）依照…做，遵守；3、根据…做判断go by the name of 称为称为 go down 1、下楼；、下楼；2、（质量、标准等）下降，降低；3、下沉；4、消肿；5、被接受；被记录下来；6、到达，延伸到；7、往南去；8、输了（比赛），降级；9、（计算机）暂停运转，死机；10、（灯光）暗下来；11、～with 感染上（传染病） go far 有成就，成功；满足许多需要 go too far 太过分太过分太过分 Go for sb /sth 1、去参加某种活动2、攻击，抨击；3、争取得到；4、同Go at/for (sb.)；喜欢，被…吸引；5、同Go after (sb./sth.)；6、包括…在内，可适用于；7、出售 Go in for (sth.) 1、参加，从事（技能、知识竞赛）；2、惯于，爱好、惯于，爱好 Go into (sth.) 1、进入，加入（地方、职业等）；2、被用在…；3、详细解释；4、探究，彻底调查5、（汽车等）撞在…上；上； *Go on 1、继续下去；、继续下去；2、转而做另一件事；3、发生；4、以（某事）为根据（做出判断）5、（时间）过去；6、开始运转，使工作，实施；7、抱怨不停；喋喋不休；8、接近（年龄、时间等）、接近（年龄、时间等） go out 1、（为了娱乐）离家，出门，经常出外消遣；（去远方）旅行；2、交往，谈恋爱；3、（灯）熄灭；4、广播；5、出国；6、落潮，过时；7、公开，公布；8、对…充满同情；9、（时间）结束 Go over (sth.) 1、走近；2、查看，仔细检查；3、重读，重看；4、转向，改变（信仰等）；5、转播；6、清除，打扫； Go through (sth.) 1、经受，经历，忍受；2、用光；3、通过，被接受；4、得到正式认可，被批准；5、磨破，穿破；6、练习，排练；7、仔细检查；8、从头到尾阅读尾阅读 Go Go through through through with with with (sth.) (sth.) （常指艰难地）完成，做完 Go to (sth.) 使经历；使经历；进入，开始经历（某一状态） go together （两件事物）互相协调，相配 go under 下沉，沉没 Go up 上升；被建造起来；炸毁，被烧毁上升；被建造起来；炸毁，被烧毁 *Go with (sth.) 1、与…相配，适合于；2、伴随，陪伴；3、同意，接受（看法）、同意，接受（看法） Go Go without without without (sth) (sth) 同do do without; without; without; it it it goes goes goes without without saying 不言而喻不言而喻 Fit in 1、（因为有共同的兴趣和爱好）被他人接受；2、fit sb /sth in 安排时间做某事（见某人）；3、*fit in with 使某事适合于使某事适合于 4．Absorb He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear you call.  Engage /occupy /bend over /involve /be busy with (6) *Be absorbed in 吸引（某人）吸引（某人），使专心，使专心 be absorbed into 并入，吞并并入，吞并 absorption with/in 专注 *Engage sb to do sth 安排雇用安排雇用 Engage in 参加，参与参加，参与 *be occupied with 忙于做某事忙于做某事 *Bend the rules 通融通融 Bend Bend one’s one’s mind mind /effort /effort /effort /thoughts /thoughts /thoughts to to 专心致志于…，集中全力于… Bend over backwards (to do sth) 竭尽全力做某事 *Involve doing sth 包含，包含，包含，包括，包括，包括，需要需要 Involve sb in sth 要求（允许）参与 *Be busy with 正在工作的，无空闲的正在工作的，无空闲的 Busy doing with 忙于做某事忙于做某事5．Abundant /rich The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game. *An abundance of 丰富，充裕丰富，充裕丰富，充裕 In abundance 充满了，丰富的充满了，丰富的 Abundantly clear 显而易见 *rich (+in) 富含…的；丰富的；的；丰富的；6．access In many schools, students don't have sufficient access to the library. W ay /approach /approach /solution /solution /solution /answer /answer /answer / / / Accessible Accessible Accessible /available /available /handy /ready /convenient /obtainable /at hand (12) *Have access to 有权做某事有权做某事 *Stand in the way of = prevent 阻碍…实施 Right of way 有权有权 *be Under way = start 开始；在进行中 *Get one’s own way 自行其是；随心所欲；为所欲为 *Give way 退让；让步；屈服 Have it both ways 左右逢源，见风使舵左右逢源，见风使舵 *In a way 某种方法，某一方面某种方法，某一方面 In no way 无论如何，决不无论如何，决不 In the way /in sb’s way 挡住去路，碍事挡住去路，碍事 *By the way 顺便顺便 By way of 当做，用作，作为当做，用作，作为当做，用作，作为 *approach sb for 接洽，交涉接洽，交涉 Approach sb /sth about (doing) （同上） *Answer back 回嘴，反驳回嘴，反驳 Answer for 对…负责；担保负责；担保 Answer Answer to to 对（某人）负责，对（某事，尤指错事）做出解释 （antenna ） *Come in handy 迟早有用迟早有用迟早有用 *ready to do sth 准备好了做 *convenient for sb /sth 方便的，合宜的方便的，合宜的 *Hand down 传下来，传给；宣布，宣判；传下来，传给；宣布，宣判； Hand over 移交，拿给移交，拿给 Hand around 060917 7．His words are never in _____ with his deeds. (Situation /accordance /according /fit) /fit) I'm in agreement with Mr. Moore. In agreement In agreement with /be compatible with /comply with /conform to /be in proportion to (9) Of your own accord 出于自愿，主动地 With one accord 一致地一致地 In accordance with （正式）按照，依照（正式）按照，依照 According According to 据…所说；～所说；～ (as) 【英，正式】按照按照 Fit in 1、（因为有共同的兴趣和爱好）被他人接受；2、fit sb /sth in 安排时间做某事（见某人）；3、fit in with 使某事适合于使某事适合于 *be In agreement with 一致同意一致同意 *be compatible with 兼容，一致兼容，一致兼容，一致 *comply with 服从，遵守服从，遵守 *conform to 遵守（法律、规定等）遵守（法律、规定等） *be in proportion to （与某物）成比例，相称 8．Account He asked no one's advice; he did it on his own (account).independently Y Y ou have to take everything into account /consideration /Attention /regard /respect /mind Give Give us an account of what happened. Story /reason /information /description /tale /statement He He has has has been been been asked asked asked to to to account account account for for for his his his absence. absence. (Describe /tell /relate / Describe (19) N.*Take sth into account/take account of 把某事考虑在内，思考虑在内，思考 On account of 因为，由于因为，由于因为，由于 On account 赊帐 By/from all account 根据各方面所说根据各方面所说根据各方面所说 V . Account for Account for 是…原因，= answer for ；对…做出（满意的）解释（满意的）解释 Count in (out on) = back on; rely on; *Take sth into consideration 考虑到某事 Attention *as regards 至于，关于 *Respect for 考虑，顾及，重视 In respect of 关于，有关关于，有关关于，有关 With respect to With respect to 关于，谈到 *Make up one’s mind 做出决定，拿主意；做出决定，拿主意； Take one’s mind off sth 不再想某件（烦心事） Keep /bear sth in mind 记住某事（有用或重要的信息） Stick in one’s mind 对（名字、细节等）对（名字、细节等）经久不忘经久不忘 Put one’s mind to 专心于… Keep one’s mind on 专心于… Story *by reason of （正式）因为（正式）因为… Reason to do sth （正确或充分的）理由做某事（正确或充分的）理由做某事 Reason sth out （通过推理）解释，解决（通过推理）解释，解决 Reason with 与…讲道理，说服讲道理，说服 *for information only 仅供参考仅供参考 description /tale /statement Describe *Tell off 责备，斥责；叫出（做某事）责备，斥责；叫出（做某事） Tell on 告发 Tell against sb 不利于不利于… Tell sb /sth apart 区分，区别 Tell of 描绘，描述 *Relate to 1、有关，涉及；、有关，涉及；2、与…直接相关；3、与…和睦相处；4、认同，产生共鸣 *to say the least 至少可以说 to say nothing of 更不用说，何况更不用说，何况 *explain sth away 通过解释消除（某事的影响）通过解释消除（某事的影响），辩解9．Acquire to acquire a good knowledge of English. Attain /obtain /gain /earn /secure （6） Acquire 得到；掌握，获得；～得到；掌握，获得；～ a a taste taste taste for for 开始喜欢上 Attain /obtain  *Gain (sth) from （使从某种局面、机会或事件中）受益，获利受益，获利 Gain the upper hand 占上风，处于有利地位，控制 Gain currency （某种观点）流行起来 There’s nothing to be gained 无济于事 Gain ground 稳步发展， Gain on /upon 逼近，赶上逼近，赶上 Earn /secure10．Active He is very active in politics. Energetic Energetic /spirited /lively /dynamic /excited /enthusiastic （7） *Active duty 现役现役 Be active in (doing) sth 积极参加活动 *group *group dynamics dynamics 群体动态（指某一团体成员之间的相互行为和态度）间的相互行为和态度） （以上99） 060920 11．Adapt To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself) to the situation. Adjust Adjust /accommodate /accommodate /accommodate /alter /alter /alter /vary /vary /vary /arrange /arrange /arrange /modify /modify /make fit （8） *Adapt (+to) （使）适应，（使）适合（使）适合 Adapt for (+for) 改造，改装改造，改装改造，改装 Be well adapted to 特别适应 *Adjust (+to) 适应，使适合适应，使适合 *accommodate to 使适应，顺应使适应，顺应 alter /vary  *Arrange to do sth 安排，筹划安排，筹划 modify *Make V . Make a start(+on /with) 开始做某事开始做某事 ～ believe (that)假装假装 to pretend ； ～ sb do sth 强迫某人做某事；强迫某人做某事；be made to do sth ～ do with sth. 将就，凑合用；将就，凑合用；将就，凑合用； ～ it 1、及时赶到；2、成功；3、能参加、出现；4、（在生病或事故之后）活下来；（在生病或事故之后）活下来； ～ it up 和解，和好和解，和好 Make it up for （用好东西）赔偿，偿还；（用好东西）赔偿，偿还； Make up to (sb.) 企图得到…欢心；make (it) up to （用好东西）赔偿，偿还；（用好东西）赔偿，偿还； make one’s way 闯出一条路，闯出一条路， make time 抽出时间抽出时间 ～ living (doing sth) （做某事）为生；（做某事）为生； ～ or break (使)完全成功或彻底失败；完全成功或彻底失败； *make away with 带着东西逃跑带着东西逃跑; bug out  Make at 采用什么手段 Make for sth. 向…（快速）走去；导致,有利于，倾向倾向 Make sb /sth into 将…制成；制成； Make (sth.) of (sth.) 理解，看待；对待，处理； Make off 仓皇逃走仓皇逃走 Make out 1、（费力）理解，辨认出；2、（以完整的形式）填写，开列；3、（泛指在商业、人际关系或生活中）成功；4、声称，假装；5、把…说成是，说成是，声称声称（尤指自己）重要；指自己）重要； Make (sth.) over （尤指法律上的）转让，转交 Make up 1、编造，虚构；2、化妆；整理备用；3、补足；4、（make sth. up ）偿还，归还；）偿还，归还；5、（争吵后）和解 12．Accustom She is ______to living in comfort. (Accustomed /used /addict /be familiar with) (4) *Accustom oneself to 使某人习惯于使某人习惯于 Be accustomed to (doing) sth 习惯（做）某事习惯（做）某事 *Be used to (doing) 习惯（做）某事习惯（做）某事 Used to do sth 过去常做某事 Use sb to do sth 利用某人做某事利用某人做某事 Be in use （机器、场所等）在使用中（机器、场所等）在使用中 *addicted (+to) 对…上瘾的 *be familiar with 通晓，熟悉通晓，熟悉通晓，熟悉 13．Admit It will take you half an hour to get to the station, allowing for traffic delays. (Allow (Allow /admit /admit /accept /accept /permit /permit /permit /receive /receive /receive /confess /confess /acknowledge /adopt) (8) *Allow sb to do sth 允许，容许，准许允许，容许，准许 Allow for 考虑，顾及 *Admit of (sth) 【正式】允许有【正式】允许有【正式】允许有 Admit (to) doing sth 承认（做错了事、犯了罪）承认（做错了事、犯了罪） * Accept sth from sb 接受，同意做接受，同意做 *permit sb to do sth 【正式】允许，准许做某事【正式】允许，准许做某事 Permit of 容许有，允许有 receive *confess to doing sth 承认（使自己尴尬的事情）承认（使自己尴尬的事情） *Be acknowledge as 被公认为是被公认为是… *adopt an approach /strategy /policy 采用某方法、战略、政策等战略、政策等060923 14．Adequate Adequate Their Their Their earnings earnings earnings are are are barely barely barely adequate adequate adequate to to to their their needs. Enough /sufficient /satisfactory /plenty /ample (6) *Adequate to do sth 可以胜任的 *enough to do sth 足够做…事 Near enough 几乎，差不多几乎，差不多 *Sufficient to do sth 足够做某事足够做某事 satisfactory *plenty (+of) 丰富，大量，众多 Plenty big /bright enough 非常（足够）大（明亮）的 In plenty 供应充足，多得很供应充足，多得很 ample 15．Advantage The great advantage we have over them is that they are short of money. Benefit Benefit /gain /gain /gain upper upper upper hand hand hand /interest /interest /interest /profit /profit /profit /harvest /harvest /crop /earnings /returns (9) *Take advantage of sb （不公正地）利用某人，占便宜便宜 Take advantage of sth （巧妙地）利用某物（巧妙地）利用某物 *benefit (+from /by) 获益，受益，得到好处获益，受益，得到好处 *Gain the upper hand 占上风，占上风，处于有利地位，处于有利地位，处于有利地位，控控制 Gain (sth) from （使从某种局面、机会或事件中）受益，获利 Gain currency （某种观点）流行起来 There’s nothing to be gained 无济于事 Gain ground 稳步发展稳步发展 Gain on /upon 逼近，赶上逼近，赶上逼近，赶上 *be in the public /national interest 出于公众、国家利益 *Profit by /from 从中获益，取得教训从中获益，取得教训从中获益，取得教训 *reap a harvest 获得成果；尝到苦果获得成果；尝到苦果获得成果；尝到苦果 *A crop of 一群一群（同时到达的人），一批一批（同时发（同时发生的事） Crop up （尤指问题）突然发生（出现） *in return (for) （作为（作为…的）交换（回报）的）交换（回报）16．Aim His aim is to win the game. Purpose /intention /goal /end /target /objective /motive /destination (9) Aim *On purpose 故意（地）故意（地） For the purpose of 为了…目的目的 *(have <no>) intention (of doing) to do sth （不）打算做某事 with the intention of doing 意图，目的，打算意图，目的，打算 Intention to do sth 目标是 *No end 非常非常 No end of 大量的，许多大量的，许多 Make (both) ends meet 收支仅能相抵 target /objective /motive /destination （以上143） 060926 17．Amass He amassed a great fortune in twenty years. Accumulate Accumulate /assemble /assemble /assemble /gather /gather /gather /increase /increase /increase /collect /collect /collect /compile /compile /heap up /store up Mass /bulk /quantity /load /amount /volume /accumulation /pile/heap /crowd /multitude /pack /gang (22) Figure /digit /measure Amass Accumulate assemble*gather around /round 聚拢过来聚拢过来Gather sth in 收（庄稼）收（庄稼） Gather sth together /up 集拢，拾拢 *compile sth from /for sth 编辑，编纂，编制，汇编 *heap up （杂乱地）堆积，堆放 *be in store 将要发生，将要出现将要发生，将要出现将要发生，将要出现 Store up 储存；制造（麻烦） *A mass of 大量，大宗大量，大宗大量，大宗 Masses of 许多的，大量的 The masses 群众，平民群众，平民 *the bulk (of sth) （某物的）主要部分，大半 In bulk 整批的，大批的 Bulk sth out 使膨胀，看起来更厚实，充实使膨胀，看起来更厚实，充实 *quantity of 若干数量；大量，许多若干数量；大量，许多 *load sb /sth down 给（某人）过重的负担 No amount of sth will do sth 毫无结果，毫无影响毫无结果，毫无影响 *Amount to sth 总计，达到总计，达到 not amount to much /anything 没多大了不起没多大了不起 *A pile of /(also) piles of 一大堆，大量一大堆，大量 Pile in /into 拥进，挤进拥进，挤进 Pile on 过分地称赞、批评等；过分夸大坏的情况 Pile out 挤出，蜂拥而出挤出，蜂拥而出 Pile up 堆积，积累 *crowd sb /sth out 把…挤出，排挤挤出，排挤 *pack sth away 将（某物）收拾起来将（某物）收拾起来将（某物）收拾起来 Pack sb /sth in 吸引（大批的人）；把（太多东西）塞入； Pack sb /sth off 把打发走，撵走把打发走，撵走 Pack up 完成工作，停工；（机器）出故障，失灵；停止做某事做某事*a multitude of 【正式或文】大批，大量，大群，众多【正式或文】大批，大量，大群，众多【正式或文】大批，大量，大群，众多 The multitude 大众，民众 *figure sth /sb out 想出，理解（某事）；看透，理解（某人）*Half measure 折中办法折中办法 Measure sb /sth against （用比较的方法）评判（用比较的方法）评判 Measure out 量出量出Measure up 合格，达到标准合格，达到标准18．Ambitious These young men were ambitious for success and money. Eager for /longing for / hopeful for /wish for /crave for /be set on /be bent on /be intent upon *be ambitious for sb 希望某人成功希望某人成功 *Eager for 急于得到 *longing for 渴望，盼望 *wish for sth 最理想的；默默期盼最理想的；默默期盼最理想的；默默期盼 Wish sth away 希望（不愉快的事）自行消失希望（不愉快的事）自行消失希望（不愉快的事）自行消失 *crave for 渴望，热望；恳求，请求 *Set the table 准备饭菜准备饭菜准备饭菜 *Set on 攻击；使攻击，使追逐； set aside 存钱存钱 set sth in See to sb/sth 照顾，照料 set up 1、建造，设立；2、安排（会议），建立（制度）；3、安装，架设；4、树起，垒起，设置；、树起，垒起，设置； Set out 同set off；开始一项行动；set sth. out 同Set forth阐明；陈列，布置；动身踏上；按顺序拜访 Set in （疾病或不好的天气）来临而且（也许）持续持续 Set foot in/on 登上，涉足，访问登上，涉足，访问登上，涉足，访问 Set short by 重视重视重视 Set the pace 定出步调，速率定出步调，速率 Set to work 开始工作开始工作开始工作 *Set about (sth.) 开始做，开始；以（某种方式）开始做，开始；以（某种方式）处理；攻击处理；攻击 Set sb /sth against 彼此均衡，从…减去；敌对，使与（某人）对立； *Set apart 使（某人或某物）与众不同；留出（作某种用途） *Set (sth.) aside 另外存放；拨出；置之不理另外存放；拨出；置之不理 Set (sth.) back 使倒退；推迟；使倒退；推迟；Set (sb.) back (sth.) 使某人花费 Set (sb./sth.) down 写，写，记下；制定，规定；将（车）停下让下车停下让下车 Set forth 陈述观点，阐明；出发，启程陈述观点，阐明；出发，启程 Set off 1、出发，动身；、出发，动身；2、引起，激发（意外事件）；3、触发；4、 引发（爆炸）；5、（衣服、颜色等）衬托（某物）很漂亮；6、激起（某人）的情感、激起（某人）的情感 *Be bent on 下决心做，专心于，埋头于下决心做，专心于，埋头于下决心做，专心于，埋头于 *Intent on /upon 专注的，专心致志的专注的，专心致志的专注的，专心致志的06092719．Amount His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds. Add up to /approximate /total /sum up *Add up to 总的来讲，等于说 add sth to sth 把…和…放在一起 add fuel to the fire 火上浇油火上浇油 add (sth) in 加进，包括加进，包括 add (sth) on 加盖，加建；附加，增加加盖，加建；附加，增加 add to（使）增加 add up 把…加起来；not ～不合情理；积少成多 approximate /total *Sum up 概括，总结；对…做出判断20．The future of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money.Sum /measure /quantity /price /value *at any price 不惜任何代价，无论如何不惜任何代价，无论如何不惜任何代价，无论如何 Not at any price 无论如何也不21．Angle Try looking at this affair from a different angle. Aspect Aspect /view /point of view /opinion /belief /attitude /impression /notion /idea /thought /conception /judgment /theory /outlook（15）061107； *Angle for（以暗示的方法）猎取，谋求 *aspect (+of) 方面 *point of view 观点，看法观点，看法观点，看法 On view （画、照片）在展览，在陈列（画、照片）在展览，在陈列 In view of 鉴于，由于，考虑到鉴于，由于，考虑到鉴于，由于，考虑到 *opinion (+of) 意见，主张，看法 A second opinion 他人的鉴定他人的鉴定他人的鉴定 Be of the opinion (that) 认为，主张认为，主张 *Be Beyond belief 难以置信难以置信 *attitude (+towards) 心态，感觉，看法 With attitude 我行我素的打扮 *impression *impression (+of) (+of) （对人、事等的）印象，感想 Be under the impression (that) 原以为，误以为原以为，误以为 *notion (+of) （尤指错误或模糊的）概念，观点，看法看法 *spare a thought for 给（某人）一点关心给（某人）一点关心 conception /judgment /theory  *outlook (+on) （对生活、世界的）看法，观点，态度态度 Outlook (+for) 前景，远景前景，远景22．Announce He had to announce the death of Johnson before the board. Proclaim Proclaim /broadcast /broadcast /broadcast /report/state /report/state /report/state /declare /declare /declare /notify /notify /tell /make known（9）061107； Announce  *report back 回报，汇报回报，汇报 Report to sb 向…负责，向…报告 state  *Declare against 声明反对 Declare for 声明支持 *notify sb of 通知，告知通知，告知06092923．Anticipate A g ood good good general general general can can can anticipate anticipate anticipate what what what the the enemy will do. 。