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形容词和副词的比较级和最高级一.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化方法如下(1) 符合规则的：(2)几个不规则的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级如下表：二．形容词和副词比较级的用法注意：有些形容词，如 dead, empty, round, sure, woolen 等受本身含义的限制，没有比较级。
例题解析1. He is ________ friends than I.A. much moreB. many moreC. very moreD. too more解析：后面有可数名词复数时，many的比较级形式为many more 修饰。
应选B.2. Which is the _________ country, Japan or Australia?A. more developedB. more developingC. most developedD. most developing解析：两者比较用比较级，表示"发达"用developed, 而developing 是"发展中的" 意思3． There were _______ shops in the city in 1982 than in 1990.A. littleB. fewC. fewerD. less解析：little 不能修饰可数名词，两者比较需用比较级，所以应选C.4. If you are not free today, come another day __________.A. tooB. soC. insteadD. yet解析：instead 作副词用时意为"代替，顶替"，表示前面的事情没做，而是做了后面的事。
Instead一般位于句首。
应选C.5．He can't tell us ________, I think.A. important anythingB. anything importantC. important somethingD. something important.解析：不定代词与形容词联用需后置，否定句中应该用anything而不是something. 因此应选B6. The Huang River is the second __________ river in our country.A. longB. longerC. longestD. the longest解析："定冠词the+ 序数词+ 形容词最高级" 表示"第几大……" 应选C.7. The light in the office wasn't ________for him to read.A. enough brightB. bright enoughC. brightlyD. enough brightly解析：enough修饰名词时可前可后，修饰形容词或副词时，要后置。
英语中形容词副词的比较级和最高级一般规律是：单音节词的比较级和最高级在词尾加 -er/-est；多音节词在前面加 more 或 most；双音节词如果是典型的形容词词尾，有明显的标示词类的功能，应保留词尾不变，在前面加 more 或 most。
其他的双音节词，两种变化都可以单音节词单音节的形容词，因为很短，适合在词尾变化(如: tall、taller、tallest)1、单音节词末尾加 -er 或 -esthigh 高的 | higher | highestslow 慢地 | slower | slowest2、单音节词末尾如果以 e 结尾，则加 -r 或 -stlate 晚的 | later | latestwide 广泛地 | wider | widest3、闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加 -er 或 -estthin 瘦的 | thinner | thinnestfit 适合的 | fitter | fittest4、有些以 -y 结尾的单音节词， -y 前面是辅音时也可以直接加 -er 或 -estshy 害羞的 | shyer | shyestsly 狡猾的 | slyer | slyestwry 讽刺的 | wryer | wryest多音节词三个音节以上的多音节词已经很长，不适合再加词尾变化，因而在前面加 more 或 most，表示更(最)...，或者加 less 或least ，表示更(最)不...interesting 有趣的 | more interesting | most interestingimportant 重要的 | less important | least importantcarefully 认真地 | more carefully | most carefully双音节词双音节形容词很尴尬:不长不短，怎么判断？1、词尾是典型的形容词词尾，有明显的标示词类的功能，应保留词尾不变，在前面加 more 或 mostcrowded more crowded most crowdedloving more loving most lovinghelpful more helpful most helpfulfamous more famous most famousactive more active most active2、其他的双音节形容词，如果不是典型的形容词字尾，变化则无限制，两种变化都可以often oftener(more often) oftenest(most often)shallow shallower(more shallow) shallowest(most shallow)3、如果是 -y 结尾，这个长母音因为发音上的要求，要先变成短母音的 i，再加字尾变化，如：happy happier happiestlucky luckier luckiest二、不规则形式good/well | better | bestbad/ill/badly | worse | worstmany/much | more | mostlittle | less | leastfar | farther/further | farthest/furthestold | older/elder | oldest/eldest三、比较等级英语中形容词副词有三个比较等级，即原级、比较级和最高级1、原级(1) 表示程度相同，即“和...一样...”时用原级，常用"as... as" 结构It is as beautiful as paradise in Heaven. 这里如天堂般美丽This room is as broad as it is long. 那个房间长宽相等He is as handsome as John (is). 他和约翰一样英俊He studies as hard as John (does). 他和约翰一样努力(2) as...as... 引导的结构可采用倒装句型He studies as hard as John (does). = He studies as hard as does John.He is as handsome as John is. = He is as handsome as is John.(3) 否定的原级用 not as...as 或not so...as，二者区别不大You are not as tall as he. 你没有他高Guangzhou is not as clean as Shanghai. 广州没有上海那么干净I didn't do so well as I should. 我做得不如我应做得那么好(4) as/so... as... 结构前可以用 just、quite、almost、nearly、half 等词在程度上加以修饰This story was quite as interesting as we had thought. 这个故事和我们想的一样精彩The bike is not half so new as mine. 这辆自行车还没我的一半新She can read twice as fast as he does. 她的阅读速度比他快一倍John is not quite as good a student as his sister.连接词 as 表示这是组 as..as 的比较级。
四、形容词和副词的比较级、最高级（Comparison of Adjectives and Adverbs）I. 形容词比较级和最高级的形式一、形容词比较级和最高级的构成⑥合成形容词的比较等级•大多数在前面加more及most。
例如：home-sick, more home-sick, most home-sickup-to-date, more up-to-date, most up-to-date•若第一个词是大家熟悉的单音节词，则-er及-est都加在这个词的前面。
例：Long-lasting, longer-lasting, longest-lastinghard-working, harder-working, hardest-workingKind-hearted, kinder-hearted, kindest-heartedWell-known, better-known, best-known二、不规则形容词的比较级和最高级形式II.副词比较级和最高级的形式副词比较级和最高级的变化形式与形容词基本上一样。
一、一般副词hard→harder →hardest fast→faster →fastestlate→later →latest early→earlier →earliest二、特殊副词well →better →best much →more →mostbadly →worse →worst little →less →least三、开放类副词开放类副词即以后缀-ly结尾的副词不能像形容词那样加-er或-est，而应在副词原形前加more或most。
如：quickly →more quickly →most quickly quietly →more quietly →most qui etlyIII.形容词与副词比较级和最高级的基本用法一、比较级1．比较级通常由“形容词(副词)比较级+than+…”构成，表示在两者中间一方比另一方“更加……”。
形容词的比较级及最高级1:单音节词，在词尾加er构成比较级，加est构成最高级。
tall-- taller --tallest kind-kinder-kindest tall-taller-tallestgreat--greater --greatest slow-slower-slowest cold-colder-coldest long—longer—longest quick-quicker-quickest dear-dearer-dearer small—smaller—smallest cheap-cheaper-cheapest warm-warmer-warmest short—shorter—shortest calm-calmer-calmest wild-wilder-wildest new—newer—newest old—older—oldest quiet-quieter-quietest weak—weaker—weakest srong-stronger-strongest near-nearer-nearest clean—cleaner—cleanest dull-duller-dullest loud-louder-loudest low—lower—lowest high-higher-highest rich-richer-richestpoor-poorer-poorest bright--brighter—brightest clever-cleverer-cleverestdark-darker-darkest smart-smarter-smartest poor-poorer-poorestexcited-exciteder-excitedest cool-cooler-coolest clear-clearer-clearestfew-fewer-fewest2:以不发音的e结尾,直接在词的后面加r构成比较级,加st构成最高级nice-- nicer --nicest free-freer-freest safe-safer-safest fine—finer—finestlarge– larger-- largest close-closer-closest wide-wider-widest cute—cuter—cutest white—whiter—whitest late—later—latest3: 重读闭音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母, 再加er构成比较级，加est构成最高级。
形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级知识点一、定义形容词和副词有三个等级，即原级、比较级和最高级。
比较级主要用于两者之间作比较，最高级主要用于三者或三者以上进行比较。
二、形容词和副词的比较级与最高级的变化规则三、重要句式原级句式（1）as+原级+as...像...一样not as/so+原级+as不如I am as tall as Yao Ming.我和要命一样高。
I am not so tall as Yao Ming.我不如姚明高。
（2）A＋谓语动词＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as B，表示＂A是B的……倍＂Our school is twice as large as theirs.我们学校是他们学校的两倍大。
比较级句式（3）a little，a bit，a lot，much，even+比较级，表程度。
Yao Ming is much taller than you.姚明比你高多了。
You are even shorter than me.你甚至比我还矮。
The weather today is a lot warmer than it was yesterday.今天的天气比昨天暖和多了。
（4）比较级＋and＋比较级，表示＂越来越……，”多音节词和部分双音节词用＂more and more＋原级＂It’s becoming colder and colder.天气变得越来越冷了。
The problem is becoming more and more serious.问题变得越来越严重了。
（5）the＋比较级，the＋比较级，表示＂越……就越……＂The more you eat,the fatter you will be.吃得越多，就越胖。
（6）比较级常见句式：Which/Who＋谓语动词＋比较级，A or B?Who runs faster,Jim or Tom?谁跑得更快，吉姆还是汤姆？A＋谓语动词＋比较级＋than B...A比B……My bike is bigger than hers.我的自行车比她的大。
形容词和副词比较级和最高级变化规则1. 规则变化1) 一般情况下，单音节或双音节的形容词（或副词）比较级＋er ，最高级＋est 如： clever－cleverer－cleverest few－fewer－fewestsmall－smaller－smallest等。
2) 以e结尾的词，比较级＋r，最高级＋st 即可。
如：nice－nicer－nicest cute－cuter－cutest large－larger－largest3) 以辅音字母＋y结尾的变y为i＋er或est。
如:easy－easier－easiest happy－happier－happiest再如：early, busy, heavy, dirty, lazy也如此。
少数单音节词也是这样，如：pleased－more pleased－the most pleasedtired－more tired－the most tired4）中读闭音节词双写后面的辅音比较级＋er ，最高级＋est如：big-bigger-biggest thin-thinner-thinnest2. 不规则变化：good —better — best well —better — bestbad－worse － worstmany / much — more — mostfar — farther —farthest (距离远)far — further — furthest (程度深)old — elder — eldest (长幼)old — older —oldest (年龄)Step 2 中考链接1. 比较级考点①比较级修饰问题a little, a bit, even, still, much, a lot, far 等可修饰比较级。
e.g. Tom is a little taller than Jim.This book is much more interesting than that one.②同级比较e.g. The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Xi’an.Our school is bigger than yours.③ the + 比较级e.g. Lucy is the fatter of the two girls.④“a/an + 比较级” 表示“又一，再一”e.g. Lily has a doll, but she wants a bigger one.⑤隐性比较（没有than的情况）e.g. Who runs faster, Lucy or Lily?You’d better come earlier next time.He worked hard last term, but he works even harder this term.⑥越来越......a. 比较级 + and + 比较级b. the + 比较级 + 句子，the + 比较级 + 句子a. e.g. It’s getting colder and colder.The more you exercise, the better you are.2. 最高级考点说明：形容词的最高级前必须加the; 副词的最高级前省略the。
一、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则1．一般单音节词和少数以-er-ow结尾的双音节词，比较级在后面加-er，最高级在后面加-est单音节词如：small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortesttall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest2）双音节词如：clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest以不发音e结尾的单音节词，比较在原级后加-r，最高级在原级后加-st；如：large→larger→largestnice→nicer→nicestable→abler→ablest3．在重读闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）中，先双写末尾的辅音字母，比较级加-er，最高级加-est；如：big→bigger→biggesthot→hotter→hottestfat→fatter→fattest4．以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词，把y改为i，比较级加-er，最高级加-est；如：easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviestbusy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest5．其他双音节词和多音节词，比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加most；如：beautiful→more beautiful→most beautifuldifferent→more different→most differenteasily→more easily→most easily3 我们的学校变得越来越美丽3．在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。
如：Who is taller,Tim or Tom? 谁更高，Tim还是Tom?4. “the +比较级……, the+比较级”，表示“越……越……”。
形容词/副词比较级最高级变化形式归纳大多数形容词和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
规则变化：◇单音节以及少数双音节的词后面直接加-er , -est原级比较级最高级如：tall-taller-tallest◇以不发音的e结尾只加-r，-st◇“以辅音字母+y”结尾的词改y为i，再加-er, -est如：easy-easier-easiest pretty-prettier-prettiest◇以一个元音加一个辅音字母结尾的单音节词（即重读闭音节词），双写结尾的辅音字母er，-est 如：Thin-thinner-thinnest hot-hotter-hottest特别提醒：new, few, slow, clean等词含有字母组合，且发的是长元音，不用双写。
◇大部分双音节词和多音节的词(即音标中含有三个或三个以上元音音素的词)，要在前面加more，most 如:beautiful -more beautiful-most beautiful特别提醒：以形容前缀un构成的三音节形容词不适合上述情况，如：unhappy-unhappier-unhappiest, untidy-untidier-untidiest◇以形容词+ly构成的副词要在前面加 more，most如：Slowly-more slowly-most slowly quickly-more quickly-most quickly特别提醒：early -earlier-earliest◇由ing分词和-ed分词演变过来的形容词(包括不规则动词如know→known)只能加more或most 来表示它们的比较级和最高级。
interesting-more interesting -most interesting excited-more excited -most excitingtired-more tired -most tired boring-more boring -most boring不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/well-better-best bad/badly/ill-worse-worstmany/much-more-most little-less-leastfar-farther/further -farthest/furthest old-older/elder-oldest/eldest特别提醒：◇further不仅可以指“距离更远”，还可指“程度更深”。
一、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。
great (原级) greater(比较级) greatest(最高级)2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成。
wide (原级) wider (比较级) widest (最高级)3)少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。
clever(原级) cleverer(比较级) cleverest(最高级)4) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉,加上-ier 和-est 构成.happy (原形) happier (比较级) happiest (最高级)5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加 -er和-est。
big (原级) bigger (比较级) biggest (最高级)6) 双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。
beautiful (原级)? difficult (原级)more beautiful (比较级) more difficult (比较级)most beautiful (最高级) most difficult (最高级)不规则变化原级比较级最高级good better bestmany more mostmuch more mostbad worse worstlittle less leastill worse worstfar farther(further) farthest(furthest)deep deeper deepesttall taller tallest形容词比较级的用法:形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下:主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。
四、形容词和副词的比较级、最高级（Comparison of Adjectives and Adverbs）I. 形容词比较级和最高级的形式一、形容词比较级和最高级的构成⑥合成形容词的比较等级•大多数在前面加more及most。
例如：home-sick, more home-sick, most home-sickup-to-date, more up-to-date, most up-to-date•若第一个词是大家熟悉的单音节词，则-er及-est都加在这个词的前面。
例：Long-lasting, longer-lasting, longest-lastinghard-working, harder-working, hardest-workingKind-hearted, kinder-hearted, kindest-heartedWell-known, better-known, best-known二、不规则形容词的比较级和最高级形式II.副词比较级和最高级的形式副词比较级和最高级的变化形式与形容词基本上一样。
一、一般副词hard→harder →hardest fast→faster →fastestlate→later →latest early→earlier →earliest二、特殊副词well →better →best much →more →mostbadly →worse →worst little →less →least三、开放类副词开放类副词即以后缀-ly结尾的副词不能像形容词那样加-er或-est，而应在副词原形前加more或most。
如：quickly →more quickly →most quickly quietly →more quietly →most qui etlyIII.形容词与副词比较级和最高级的基本用法一、比较级1．比较级通常由“形容词(副词)比较级+than+…”构成，表示在两者中间一方比另一方“更加……”。
连词than后可接句子，也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式、-ing结构和-ed结构，有时也可省去tha n。
如：Mary is happier than Jane. 玛丽比珍妮幸福。
（形容词和系词连用）He lives more happily than I. 他过得比我幸福。
（副词修饰行为动词）2．注意than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致。
如：The purpose of the research had a more important meaning for them than it did for us.Sound travels faster through water than through air.3．比较级前还可用much, even, still, a little等词语来修饰，表示“……得多”，“甚至……”，“更……”，“……一些”等意思。
如：Japan is a little larger than Germany. 日本比德国大一点儿。
用“…times + 形容词的比较级+ than…”句式表示倍数；用“表示数量的词+ 比较级”来表示具体的比较差别。
如：Our room is twice larger than theirs. 我们的房间比他们的大两倍。
He is a head taller than I. 他比我高一头。
4．隐含比较级1）有时比较级并不一定出现than，这时通过上下文可暗示出。
如：Are you feeling better now? 你现在感觉好些了吗？2）有些形容词在表示比较的时候，跟“to”而不用“than”。
如：prior to 较早的，较重要的superior to优越，高于inferior to 下等的，次的senior to 年长的，地位高的junior to年幼的，地位低的，迟的preferable to 更好的The task is prior to all others. 这项任务比其他所有的任务都重要。
In maths he felt superior to John. 他觉得自己数学比约翰强。
He is two years senior to me. 他比我大两岁。
Health without riches is preferable to riches without health. 贫穷但健康要比富有却多病更可取。
3) 有时to可用来代替as或than，特别是在equal, similar, equivalent, proportional, comparable等形容词后。
E.g.This is similar / equivalent to that.The payment is proportional to the work done.The Persian poet Omar Khayyam is comparable to the Chinese poetry Li Bai.二、最高级1．最高级用于三者以上比较，形容词的结构形式是“定冠词＋形容词最高级＋名词＋表示范围的短语或从句” (如of all, of the three, in the world, that has ever taken place等)。
如：Of all of the writers in England, William Shakespeare is the most widely k nown.2．副词的最高级与形容词最高级的区别在于最高级前没有定冠词the。
如：He runs fastest of the three. 三个人中他跑得最快。
3．当用介词短语表明形容词最高级的比较范围，作介词宾语的名词或代词与句中的主语属同一类人或物，并把主语包括在内时，用介词of；如不属于同一类人或物，而只说明在某一时间、空间范围内的比较时，用介词in。
如：He is the tallest of the four boys. ( He 与boy属同类)He is the tallest in our class. ( He与class不属同类)4．可以用原级，比较级，最高级三种形式来表示最高级的意思。
如：She is the best student in her class.She is better than any other student in her class.No other student in her class is better than she.No other student in her class is as good as she.5. 较低级和最低级•less / least+各种音节的形容词和副词：表示较不…/最不…。
例如：small, less small(=larger), least small (=largest)beautiful, less beautiful, least beautiful•less 表示“比较少的”，可用在不可数名词前面；lesser表示“次要的”，只可用在可数名词前。
E.g.He has less confidence than his brother.I have less trouble / fewer troubles than last year.We have many lesser things to do.He got a lesser share.6. More 的特殊用法•My trip to Bei Jing is more than sightseeing.•(不仅仅，简直不…)•He is more brave than wise. (与其说…不如…)•He has no more than dollars. (仅仅；不过)• A bat is no more a bird than a whale.•(同…一样不)•He has not more than five dollars.•(至多，不超过)•He does not know mechanics any more than his grandmother. (不比…更)7. 含比较等级的短语•as many / much as; more and more,•the more…, the more…; once more, what’s more, all the more (更加，越发), not …any more / longer, no more / longer, never more (决不再), more or less, furthermore, go further (进一步说)，go no further (到此为止) …•Make the most of…(尽量利用；极为重视；把…形容至尽), for the most part (就绝大部分而言；在极大程度上；多半), at most…•what’s worse, even worse…•less and less, no less than (不少于，多达), even / much / still less (更不用说；更何况)…•at least, last but not least…。
