英译汉1练习答案
- 格式：docx
- 大小：58.33 KB
- 文档页数：20
第2讲 翻译的基本策略和方法
课外练习参考答案
1. 使用拆分法翻译。
(1) She is pardonably proud of her wonderful cooking.
她以自己高超的烹饪技术为傲，这是情有可原的。
(2) The air seemed almost sticky from the scent of bursting buds.
花蕾绽放，散发着芳香，空气似乎给人一种黏人的感觉。
(3) The study found that non-smoking wives of men who smoke cigarettes face a much greater
than normal danger of developing lung cancer.
这项研究发现，如果丈夫吸烟，妻子不吸烟，妻子患肺癌的危险远高于一般人。
(4) His weariness and the increasing heat determined him to sit down in the first convenient shade.
他疲惫不堪，天气也越来越热，于是他下定决心，一碰到舒适的阴凉处，就坐下休息。
(5) Insight into prehistoric cultures should ideally proceed from knowledge of living culture.
要对史前各种文化有深刻的认识，应从了解现有文化入手，这是最理想的。
(6) The tragic sinking of the great liner at the first voyage made a heavy loss of life.
这艘巨轮沉没在首航途中，丧生人数众多，非常悲惨。
(7) The classification of civilizations as the Stone Age, Bronze Age and Iron Age depends
principally on the kind of tools used.
文明分为石器时代、青铜时代和铁器时代，这主要是根据各个时期使用的工具划分的。
2. 使用合并法翻译。
(1) There are men here from all over the country. Many of them are from the South.
从全国各地来的人之中有许多是南方人。
(2) The four men huddled there and said nothing. They dared not smoke. They would not move.
四个人挤作一团，一言不发，不敢抽烟，也不愿动弹。
3. 使用逆序法翻译。
(1) A carpet of green grass covered the slopes of the mountain.
山坡上绿草如茵。
(2) A burst of hand-clapping followed the ending of the song.
歌一唱完就爆发出一阵掌声。
(3) The wheel of fortune did not favor him in the end.
到头来他还是没有交上好运。
(4) A leisurely friendly atmosphere prevailed among the crowd.
人群中到处洋溢着轻松友好的气氛。
(5) Our bright future and common interests lie in upholding Sino-Japanese friendship and
cooperation from generation to generation.
中日两国只有坚持世世代代友好合作，才有光明的前途，才是双方共同利益所在。
(6) The satisfaction of killing time and of affording some outlet for ambition belongs to most
work.
大多数工作都能给人提供打发时光、施展抱负的满足感。
第3讲 语言与翻译
修改下列译文。
3.1 生硬与通顺
例
(1) Fate mismatched them.
原译：命运使他们不合适地成为夫妻。
改译：由于命运的捉弄，他们虽不般配，却做了夫妻。(命运给他们错点了鸳鸯。)
(2) They suppressed facts discreditable to themselves.
原译：他们不让会使他们丢脸的事实真相暴露出来。
改译：他们隐瞒了有损自己脸面的真相。
(3) I gave my youth to the sea and I came home and gave my wife my old age.
原译：我把青春献给了大海，我回家的时候便把老年给了我的妻子。
改译：我把青春献给了大海，然后回到家里，陪同妻子共度余年。
练习
(1) The burning question of my childhood had been richly answered.
原译：我儿童时代在我心中燃烧的问题，终于得到了充分的回答。
改译：我儿时急切想弄明白的问题，终于得到了充分的回答。
(2) My pulse stopped; my heart stood still; my stretched arm was paralyzed. The cry died and not
renewed.
原译：我的脉搏停止，心脏站住，我的伸出的胳膊麻痹了。这喊声死去，没有再重复。
改译：我的脉搏停滞，心脏不再跳动，伸出的胳膊也不能动弹。喊声消失，再没有听见。
(3) Children with conduct disorders frequently cause major problems for teachers because of
aggressive, disruptive and defiant behavior.
原译：患有品行障碍的孩子，行为具有侵略性、滋扰性和违抗性，经常为老师带来严重的问题。
改译：患有行为障碍的孩子，性情好斗，惹事生非，不服管束，常给老师带来不小的麻烦。
3.2 冗赘与简洁
例
(1) We don’t accept just any student.
原译：我们不收质量平平的一般学生。
改译：我们不是随便什么学生都收。
(2) She was worn by the solicitudes of daily life.
原译：她为担忧日常生活中的琐事而疲惫不堪。
改译：由于每天琐事挂心，她疲惫不堪。
(3) Begin him on Bernard Shaw, and you could not stop him.
原译：只要开个头引他谈论萧伯纳，谁也没法打断他滔滔不绝的长篇大论。
改译：只要开个头让他谈论萧伯纳，他就会一发不可收。
(4) The old bookshop is where now and then one finds an excellent thing among quantities of
rubbish.
原译：这家旧书店是时不时可以在大量垃圾中找到好东西的地方。
改译：这家旧书店是一个可以沙里淘金的去处。
练习
(1) an old, mad, blind, despised and dying king
原译：一位衰老的、疯狂的、瞎眼的、被人蔑视的、垂死的国王
改译：又疯又瞎、遭人鄙视的垂死老王
(2) A soldier should be loyal to his country.
原译：一个军人应该忠于他的国家。
改译：军人应忠于国家。
(3) The evidence is conclusive, excluding all possibilities of doubt.
原译：证据是结论性的，排除一切怀疑的可能。
改译：证据确凿，毋庸置疑。
(4) She was forced to face up to a few unwelcome truths about her family.
原译：她不得不正视有关她的家族的几个尴尬的事实。
改译：她不得不正视有关自家的几桩尴尬事。（她被迫正视自家的几桩糗事。）
(5) Any person not putting litter in this basket will be liable to a fine of $5.
原译：任何不把废物放入这个筐内的人将处以5美元罚款。
改译：废物入筐，违者罚款5美元。
3.3 晦涩与晓畅
例
(1) Don’t cry more than you can help.
原译：不要比你能忍的哭得更多。
改译：能不哭，就不哭。
(2) Good writing is unfortunately the exception rather than the rule.
原译：可惜优秀的文字作品是例外而不是规则。
改译：可惜优秀的文字作品真是可遇不可求。
练习
(1) He is interiorly as he appears to me in his exterior.
原译：他的内心和我看的他表现于外的相同。
改译：在我看来，他表里如一。
(2) Not everybody has this ability. It is a gift, and you either have it or you don’t.
原译：不是人人都拥有这能力，这能力是天赋，你或者拥有它，或者没有。
改译：不是人人都拥有这种能力，这是天赋，有就有，没有就没有。
(3) I should like to see this Miss Vye — not so much for her good looks as for another reason.
原译：我想去看看这位瓦伊小姐，为了她的面孔漂亮的缘故不比为了其他的理由多。
改译：我想见一见这位瓦伊小姐，我见她主要不是因为她长相漂亮，而是另有原因。
3.4 失当与得体
例
(1) She never shares her feelings with her mother.
原译：她从来不跟她的母亲分享她的感觉。
改译：她从不跟母亲谈心。
(2) Don’t bracket me with him just because we work for the same company.
原译：别因为我和他在同一家公司工作而把我们看作一路货。
改译：别因为我和他在同一家公司工作而把我们看作一路人。
练习
(1) He has become a well-loved member of staff.
原译：他已成为深受人们爱戴的职员。
改译：他已成为很有人缘的职员。
(2) Ours was a big family, and I was at the bottom.
