导与练年高二英语同步教学备课资源Unit 4 Learning efficiently Section Ⅲ(新人教版选修10)

英语：Unit4《Learning efficiently》教案（1）（新人教版选修10）三点剖析单词·典句·考点【经典例句】 The same principle applies to competent readers.同一种原则适用于有能力的读者。

【考点聚焦】 1）常用搭配：be competent for/at/in/to do sth. 有能力做某事2）其名词形式：competence n. 能力、胜任、本领【经典例句】 See how many of the questions beneath the sentences you can answer.看一看你能答出句子下面多少个问题。

【考点聚焦】 1)beneath作介词和副词。

它和below,under相近，below表示“比……低的”。

其反义词是above;under表示“在……的正下方”，其反义词是over;beneath意思是“在某物体的底部与该物体是相连接的”。

2)注意下面的词组:beneath attention 不值得注意;beneath contempt 极其可鄙【活学活用】 1.用beneath,below，under填空1)The valley lay __________.答案：beneath2)Today’s temperature is 10 degrees centigrade __________ zero.高考学习网答案：below3)I can recognize my chair by checking my name written __________ it.答案：beneath4)There is a boat __________ the bridge.答案：under【经典例句】One way to know what techniques to use is to study the techniques that good readers use and then adopt them in your own reading.了解使用什么样的技巧的一个办法是研究优秀读者所运用的技巧，然后在你的阅读中采用。

课例2激趣导入、深层教学——《NSE Book 10 Module4Learning Efficiently》本节课的内容是人民教育出版的NSE高中教材选修10第四单元的Reading 部分，本单元的话题是语言学习策略，即通过如何改善听说读写的技能来使学习更加有效。

本节课是单元的阅读课，教材以典型的说明文的文体呈现，教师可在充分利用教材资源的基础上，结合学生的实际情况设计教学活动，旨在帮助学生有效地掌握阅读技巧，形成有效地学习方法和阅读策略，同时，了解说明文篇章结构和写作特点，为下一步进行说明文的写作教学做好准备。

本节课为高三上学期的教材内容，尽管学生通过高一、高二的英语学习已经掌握了一定的阅读方法和技巧，但对于不同文体和体裁的英语文章所应用的阅读方法和策略仍不够熟练，本节课的主要目的就是侧重训练学生应用恰当和有效地阅读方法及策略来培养和提升学生阅读说明文的能力。

并在对文章充分理解的基础上，把握说明文的语言特点、篇章结构及写作技巧。

〔一〕知识目标1、初步理解、掌握课文中关于学习策略的等方面的词语，学习分析课文中的长难句子，初步感知课文中出现的的本单元要学的语法现象。

2、了解英语空间性说明文的写法，能运用已有知识和新学词汇，从地理、历史、人文方面介绍某一个区域。

〔二〕技能目标1、学会运用课文中提到的有效的阅读方法2、能理解文章主旨大意，获取信息、处理信息、进行推理判断和表达的能力。

3、形成分析篇章结构的能力，提升逻辑思维能力4.能根据说明文的基本篇章框架写出符合逻辑的文章。

〔三〕策略目标1、能使用速读、略读、查读、预测、猜测词义等阅读策略2、能利用每段的内容概括段落大意。

3、利用联想、推理和归纳等手段分析和解决问题。

〔四〕情感态度目标通过阅读策略和方法的学习，增强学生的学习自信心和积极性方法选择1、整体教学法2、体裁教学法3、导、读、练的教学模式教学流程Pre-reading环节一：Leading-inActivity: Talkingabout GaussThe teacher presents the famous example of Little Gauss and get the students to discuss this example and thenbrings upthe topic “How to Learn Efficiently?〞1＋2＋3…＋100＝?C.F. Gauss(高斯), the great German mathematician(数学家) worked out the problem with an easier method in a few seconds at the age of ten.1＋100 ，2＋99，3＋98，……49＋52，50＋51altogether 50 pairsSo : 101×50＝5050[设计意图]这个活动以具体的实例展示了有效学习的良好效果，学生们对这道著名的数学题都非常熟悉。

新课标高中英语Unit4LearningefficientlySectionⅠReading讲义新人教版选修10Unit 4 Learning efficiently书是人类最好的朋友，但是你知道如何享受读书的乐趣吗？Find a book.Look in the library or in one of the largerbookstores. You could also ask friends if you could check out theirbookshelves. Search the shelves until you find a book that looksgood.Read the first page to see how it reads, and the cover textat the back of the book if it has any.If you find yourself already engrossed(全神贯注的), then buy it or check it out.Buy or borrow it and take it home.Do not start to read it until you have the time.If you have to rush reading, because you have to do homework, or prepare dinner, it is best to wait until you are done.Set aside time to do nothing else but read, as it can be at times suspenseful, exciting and relaxing.Settle into a comfortable chair or couch.Have a lamp on the backof you, lighting the area where you are reading.So that you do nothave to get up soon after starting to read, make sure you have broughtcoffee，candy, popcorn, or any other refreshments you might want tohave.Make sure the television is off and anything that could distractyou is attended to.Take the phone off the hook, put earplugs in orear defenders on.Get warm if you're going to be sitting still for a few hours.Be calm and alert.You should be alert and your mind should be calm before you begin to read.Otherwise, your mind will wander.Start the book by turning the pages.Do not think about anything else, but what you're reading.Put yourself into the action or location within the story.Once you get totally engrossed, it will be difficult to put the book down.Read and really enjoy it.Reading is not running your eyes over a book.Read it actively and enjoy it completely.However, if you need to, read out the book fast, then you do not need to pay attention to every word.1．Why should you read a book unless you set aside time to do nothing but read?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．Why should you be calm and alert when reading?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】1．Because it can be at times suspenseful, exciting and relaxing.2．Because if not，your mind will wander.Section ⅠReading (Warming Up, Pre­reading，Reading & Comprehending)Ⅰ.根据英语释义写出相应单词1．________ adj. working well and without waste2．________ n. attempt or effort3．________ adj. having the ability or skill to do what is needed4．________vt.to change food that you have just eaten into substances that your body can use5．________ vt. to take and use as one's own；to take sb.into one's family, esp. as one's child6．________ vt. to prepare lessons before class7．________ adj. happening often8．________ vt. to judge the quality or worth of；to evaluate9．________ vt. to go to (a person, book, etc.) for information, advice, etc.【答案】 1.efficient 2.endeavour petent 4．digest 5.adopt 6.preview 7.frequent 8．assess 9.consultⅡ.根据所给短语完成句子in detail，look up，be relevant to，make comment，glance at，apply to，get frustrated，up to2．Can you describe the earthquake ________ to me?3．His nationality ________whether he's a good teacher.4．Newton's law of motion ________ all things on the earth.5．Be more tolerant, never ________ over such unimportant matters.【答案】 1.up to 2.in detail 3.isn't relevant to 4．applies to 5.get frustratedⅢ.背诵下列教材中出现的句型，体会黑体部分的用法1．It is the same with reading.阅读也同样如此。

Unit 4 Learning efficientlyPart Two: Teaching ResourcesSection 3: Words and expressions from Unit 4 Learning efficientlyefficientadj. doing sth well and thoroughly with no waste of time, money, or energy: an efficient secretary efficient heating equipment the efficient use of energy We offer a fast, friendly and efficient service. As we get older, our bodies become less efficient at burning up calories. fuel-efficient cars (= that do not use much fuel)endeavournoun [U, C] (formal) an attempt to do sth, especially sth new or difficult: Please make every endeavour to arrive on time. advances in the field of scientific endeavour The manager is expected to use his or her best endeavours to promote the artist’s career. The public bombarded the company with complaints in an endeavour to have the price increases revoked. verb [v to inf] (formal) to try very hard to do sth; strive: I will endeavour to do my best for my country.competentadj. ~ (to do sth)1. having enough skill or knowledge to do sth well or to the necessary standard: Make sure the firm is competent to carry out the work. He’s very competent in his work. I don’t feel competent to comment.2. having the power to decide sth: the case was referred to a competent authoritydigestverb1. when you digest food, or it digests, it is changed into substances that your body can use: [vn] Humans cannot digest plants such as grass. [v] You should allow a little time after a meal for the food to digest.2. [vn] to think about sth so that you fully understand it: He paused, waiting for her to digest the information.noun a short report containing the most important facts of a longer report or piece of writing; a collection of short reports: a monthly news digestadopt verbCHILD1.to take sb else’s child into your family and become its legal parent(s): [v] a campaign to encourage childless couples to adopt [vn] to adopt a child She was forced to have her baby adopted.METHOD2. [vn] to start to use a particular method or to show a particular attitude towards sb/sth: All three teams adopted different approaches to the problem.SUGGESTION3. [vn] to formally accept a suggestion or policy by voting: to adopt a resolution The council is expected to adopt the new policy at its next meeting.NEW NAME / COUNTRY4. [vn] to choose a new name, a country, a custom, etc. and begin to use it as your own: to adopt a name / title / language Early Christians in Europe adopted many of the practices of the older, pagan religions.WAY OF BEHA VING5. [vn] (formal) to use a particular manner, way of speaking, expression, etc.: He adopted an air of indifference. CANDIDATE6 [vn] ~ sb (as sth) (BrE, politics) to choose sb as a candidate in an election or as a representative: She was adopted as parliamentary candidate for Wood Green.previewnoun1. an occasion at which you can see a film/movie, a show, etc. before it is shown to the general public: a press preview (= for journalists only) a special preview of our winter fashion collection2. a description in a newspaper or a magazine that tells you about a film/movie, a television programme, etc. before it is shown to the public: Turn to page 12 for a preview of next week’s programmes.verb [vn]1. to see a film/movie, a television programme, etc. before it is shown to the general public and write an account of it for a newspaper or magazine: The exhibition was previewed in last week’s issue.2. (especially NAmE) to give sb a short accountof sth that is going to happen, be studied, etc.: The professor previewed the course for us.frequentadj. happening or doing sth often: He is a frequent visitor to this country. Her calls became less frequent. There is a frequent bus service into the centre of town. How frequent is this word (= how often does it occur in the language)?verb [vn] (formal) to visit a particular place often: We met in a local bar much frequented by students. less frequented roadsassessverb1. ~ sb/sth (as sth) to make a judgement about the nature or quality of sb/sth: [vn] It’s difficult to assess the effects of these changes. to assess a patient’s needs Interviews allow you to assess the suitability of candidates. The young men were assessed a s either safe or unsafe drivers. I’d assess your chances as low. [v wh-] The committee assesses whether a building is worth preserving. We are trying to assess how well the system works.2. [vn] ~ sth (at sth) to calculate the amount or value of sth; estimate: They have assessed the amount of compensation to be paid. Damage to the building was assessed at £40 000.consultverb1. ~ sb (about sth) to go to sb for information or advice: [vn] If the pain continues, consult your doctor. Have you consulted your lawyer about this? [v] a consulting engineer (= one who has expert knowledge and gives advice)2. ~ (with) sb (about / on sth) to discuss sth with sb to get their permission for sth, or to help you make a decision:[vn] You shouldn’t have done it without consulting me. I expect to be consulted about major issues. [v] I need to consult with my colleagues on the proposals.3. [vn] to look in or at sth to get information; refer to: He consulted the manual.shabbyadj. (shabbier, shabbiest)1. (of buildings, clothes, objects, etc.) in poor condition because they have been used a lot; scruffy: The outside of the house was beginning to look shabby. She wore shabby old jeans and a T-shirt.2. (of a person) badly dressed in clothes that have been worn a lot; scruffy: The old man was shabby and unkempt.3. (of behaviour) unfair or unreasonable; shoddy: She tried to make up for her shabby treatment of him. a shabby affair It was a shabby way to treat visitors. shabbily adv.: shabbily dressed I think you were very shabbily treated.acuteadj.1. very serious or severe: There is an acute shortage of water. acute pain the world’s acute environmental problems Competition for jobs is acute. The scandal was an acute embarrassment for the President.2. an acute illness is one that has quickly become severe and dangerous: acute appendicitis3. (of the senses) very sensitive and well developed: Dogs have an acute sense of smell.4. intelligent and quick to notice and understand things: He is an acute observer of the social scene. Her judgement is acute.currencynoun (pl. -ies)1. [C, U] the system of money that a country uses:trading in foreign currencies a single European currency You’ll need some cash in local currency but you can also use your credit card. hard currency.2. [U] the fact that sth is used or accepted by a lot of people: The term ‘post-industrial’ now has wi de currency. The qualification has gained currency all over the world.acquisitionnoun1. [U] the act of getting sth, especially knowledge, a skill, etc.: theories of child language acquisition2. [C] something that sb buys to add to what they already own, usually sth valuable: His latest acquisition is a racehorse. The money will be spent on acquisitions for the university library.3. [C, U] (business) a company, piece of land, etc. bought by sb, especially another company; the act of buying it: They have made acquisitions in several EU countries. the acquisition of shares by employees The group has announced its first overseas acquisition: a successful software company.resembleverb [vn] [no passive] (not used in the progressive tenses) to look like or be similar to another person or thing: She closely resembles her sister. So many hotels resemble each other. The plant resembles grass in appearancetendverb1. [v to inf] to be likely to do sth or to happen in a particular way because this is what often or usually happens: Women tendto live longer than men. When I’m tired, I tend to make mistakes. It tends to get very cold here in the winter. People ten d to think that the problem will never affect them. 2. [v] ~ (to / towards sth) to take a particular direction or often have a particular quality: His views tend towards the extreme. Prices have tended downwards over recent years. 3. ~ (to) sb/sth to care for sb/sth: [vn] a shepherd tending his sheep. Doctors and nurses tended the injured. well-tended gardens [v] Ambulance crews were tending to the injured.4. [vn] (NAmE) to serve customers in a store, bar, etc.: He had a job tending bar in San Francisco.messyadj. (messier, messiest)1. dirty and/or untidy: The house was always messy. The children got really messy playing in the woods.2. making sb/sth dirty and/or untidy: It was a messy job.3. (of a situation) unpleasant, confused or difficult to deal with: The divorce was painful and messy.tiresomeadj. making you feel annoyed annoying: Buying a house can be a very tiresome business. The children were being very tiresome. I developed a tiresome cough that kept me awake all night.vagueadj. (vaguer, vaguest)1.not clear in a person’s mind: to have a vague impression / memory / recollection of sth They had only a vague idea where the place was.2. ~ (about sth) not having or giving enough information or details about sth: She’s a little vague a bout her plans for next year. The politicians made vague promises about tax cuts. He was accused of being deliberately vague. We had only a vague description of the attacker. He outlined the policy in vague terms.3.(of a person’s behaviour) suggesting a lack of clear thought or attention; absent-minded: His vague manner concealed a brilliant mind.4. not having a clear shape; indistinct: In the darkness they could see the vague outline of a church.concreteadj.1. made of concrete: a concrete floor2. based on facts, not on ideas or guesses:concrete evidence / proposals / proof ‘It’s only a suspicion,’ she said, ‘nothing concrete.’ It is easier to think in concrete terms rather than in the abstract.noun [U] building material that is made by mixing together cement, sand, small stones and water: a slab of concrete The pathway is formed from large pebbles set in concrete.verb [vn] ~ sth (over) to cover sth with concrete: The garden had been concreted over.。

Unit 4 Learning efficiently（一）教材分析：本单元的中心话题是“语言学习策略，如何改进听、说、读、写的技能”，内容涉及“如何成为一名成功的阅读者”、“你怎样才能学得更好”、“适用各类人群的学习技巧”、“讨论阅读训练的最佳方法”、“介绍一种新的学习技巧”、“提出建议，改进学习方法” 等。

语言技能和语言知识都是围绕这一中心设计的。

热身（Warming-up）部分由两个练习组成：练习1是一张图表，显示某学生课外学习英语时间分配情况，即用于听、说、读、写、语法、词汇的时间比例。

要求学生参照图表分组讨论三个问题：图表对该学生的学习习惯做了哪些介绍；对该学生课外英语学习的时间安排提出看法；如果对本班同学的调查是否会取得同样结果。

教师应当结合这个表格引导学生反思自己学习英语学习观念是否有积极意义。

练习2是两人小组活动，要求学生相互采访同伴的英语学习习惯，并将结果绘成图表。

读前部分有两个练习，，主要讨论阅读技巧。

练习1是让学生先考虑一下自己阅读汉语的习惯、技巧，并列出六个方面的与此相关的问题帮助学生思考。

练习2是让学生阅读“理解”部分的第一个练习“阅读”部分的标题和图片，要求两人一组讨论课文对“阅读”这一话题会说些什么。

目的是预测阅读内容，抓住阅读要点。

阅读部分上一篇说明文，话题是“如何成为一名成功的阅读者”。

内容涉及以下方面：1）多读、多练习、熟能生巧。

2）享受阅读练习中的乐趣。

3）学会良好的阅读方法，即预测阅读内容、主动阅读、依阅读目的确定阅读方式、学会依据上下文猜测词义。

4）结论是用适当的方法通过大量的练习，我们就能提高阅读能力。

“语言学习”部分由词汇和语法两部分组成。

词汇部分练习有三项练习。

练习1要求学生能理解本课重要词语的意义，并运用到新的语境中去。

练习2设置了九个句子，要求学生能够根据上下文的内容确定句中黑体词的意思。

这个练习用来训练学生判断和猜测词义的能力，进一步让学生消化课文中第三段 d小节的有关内容。

Unit 4 Learning efficiently-section 2Part Two: Teaching ResourcesSection 2: Background information for Unit 4 Learning efficiently1. What is learning?learning, in psychology, the process by which a relatively lasting change in potential behavior occurs as a result of practice or experience. Learning is distinguished from behavioral changes arising from such processes as maturation and illness, but does apply to motor skills, such as driving a car, to intellectual skills, such as reading, and to attitudes and values, such as prejudice. There is evidence that neurotic symptoms and patterns of mental illness are also learned behavior. Learning occurs throughout life in animals, and learned behavior accounts fora large proportion of all behavior in the higher animals, especially in humans.2. Models of LearningClassical ConditioningThe first model, classical conditioning, was initially identified by Pavlov in the salivation reflex of dogs. Salivation is an innate reflex, or unconditioned response, to the presentation of food, an unconditioned stimulus. Pavlov showed that dogs could be conditioned to salivate merely to the sound of a buzzer (a conditioned stimulus), after it was sounded a number of times in conjunction with the presentation of food. Learning is said to occur because salivation has been conditioned to a new stimulus that did not elicit it initially. The pairing of food with the buzzer acts to reinforce the buzzer as the prominent stimulus.Operant ConditioningA second type of learning, known as operant conditioning, was developed around the same time as Pavlov's theory by Thorndike, and later expanded upon by B. F. Skinner. Here, learning takes place as the individual acts upon the environment. Whereas classical conditioning involves innate reflexes, operant conditioning requires voluntary behavior. Thorndike showed that an intermittent reward is essential to reinforce learning, while discontinuing the use of reinforcement tends to extinguish the learned behavior. The famous Skinner box demonstrated operant conditioning by placing a rat in a box in which the pressing of a small bar produces food. Skinner showed that the rat eventually learns to press the bar regularly to obtain food. Besides reinforcement, punishment produces avoidance behavior, which appears to weaken learning but not curtail it. In both types of conditioning, stimulus generalization occurs; i.e., the conditioned response may be elicited by stimuli similar to the original conditioned stimulus but not used in the original training. Stimulus generalization has enormous practical importance, because it allows for the application of learned behaviors across different contexts. Behavior modification is a type of treatment resulting from these stimulus/response models of learning. It operates under the assumption that if behavior can be learned, it can also be unlearned. Cognitive LearningA third approach to learning is known as cognitive learning. Wolfgang Kohler showed that a protracted process of trial-and-error may be replaced by a sudden understanding that grasps the interrelationships of a problem. This process, called insight, is more akin to piecing together a puzzle than responding to a stimulus. Edwar Tolman (1930)found that unrewarded rats learned the layout of a maze, yet this was not apparent until they were later rewarded with food. Tolmancalled this latent learning, and it has been suggested that the rats developed cognitive maps of the maze that they were able to apply immediately when a reward was offered.3. Multiple Intelligences■Verbal Linguistic intelligence (sensitive to the meaning and order of words as in a poet). Use activities that involve hearing, listening, impromptu or formal speaking, tongue twisters, humor, oral or silent reading, documentation, creative writing, spelling, journal, poetry. ■Logical-mathematical intelligence (able to handle chains of reasoning and recognize patterns and orders as in a scientist). Use activities that involve abstract symbols/formulas, outlining, graphic organizers, numeric sequences, calculation, deciphering codes, problem solving.■Musical intelligence (sensitive to pitch, melody, rhythm, and tone as in a composer). Use activities that involve audio tape, music recitals, singing on key, whistling, humming, environmental sounds, percussion vibrations, rhythmic patterns, music composition, tonal patterns.Spatial intelligence (perceive the world accurately and try to re-create or transform aspects of that world as in a sculptor or airplane pilot). Use activities that involve art, pictures, sculpture, drawings, doodling, mind mapping, patterns/designs, color schemes, active imagination, imagery, block building.■Bodily Kinesthetic intelligence (able to use the body skillfully and handle objects adroitly, as in an athlete or dancer). Use activities that involve role playing, physical gestures, drama, inventing, ball passing, sports games, physical exercise, body language, dancing.■Interpersonal intelligence (understand people and relationship as in a salesman or teacher). learners think by bouncing ideas off of each other (socializers who are people smart). Use activities that involve group projects, division of labor, sensing others' motives, receiving/giving feedback, collaboration skills.■Intrapersonal intelligence (possess access to one's emotional life as a means to understand oneself and others exhibited by individuals with accurate views of themselves). Use activities that involve emotional processing, silent reflection methods, thinking strategies, concentration skills, higher order reasoning, "centering" practices, meta-cognitive techniques.■Naturalist (connected to the intricacies and subtleties in na ture such as Charles Darwin and Meriwether Lewis of Lewis and Clark fame). Use activities that involve bringing the outdoors into the class, relating to the natural world, charting, mapping changes, observing wildlife, keeping journals or logs.4. Top 10 Tips for studying English●Learning English Grammar in TextsHow can you best study and remember certain aspects of English grammar (e.g. tenses)?When reading English texts (lyrics, novels, news, textbooks) look out for the grammar aspect you want to remember. Mark it and reflect on why it is used there.To see whether you're right about a rule, look up the topic in an English grammar reference, your English textbook.●Doing English Gap-Filling ExercisesMake your own gap-filling exercises from English texts.Choose a short, interesting English text that is not too difficult (e.g. lyrics, text from your textbook, news, excerpt from a story/novel). Copy the text and delete some words in the copy, e.g.:prepositionsadjectivesverbs in a certain tenseTry to fill the gaps correctly and then take the original text to check your answers.This sure is more fun when doing it with friends. Everyone prepares a short text and gives a copy to the others, who will try to fill the gaps correctly.To make things a bit easier, you can provide the words in a different order or as a translation.●Learning English through FilmsThanks to DVD, watching films in English has become an easy thing to do.Choose your favourite film - you've watched that film a dozen times and probably know all the dialogues off by heart in your native language. So following the story will be easy for you. Have paper and pen ready as you may want to jot down useful words or phrases that you wish to learn. English subtitles might be useful for that (although they might differ from what is actually being said).If you are not used to watching films in English, choose a only few episodes - at the beginning it isn't easy to concentrate on listening to the foreign language for a long time.●Learning English through SongsVocabulary needs to be revised again and again. Well, what could be better than studying vocabulary by listening to your favourite songs?Read the lyrics first and try to understand them. You don't have to translate the lyrics word by word, just try to find out what the song is all about. (Note: 'Rap' might not be practical as those songs usually contain slang words that not even 'ordinary' English native speakers know.) Pick some words or phrases from the song that you would like to learn. If necessary, look up their exact meaning in a dictionary. A dictionary might also be useful to find other interesting phrases with the word.Now, to learn the vocabulary, all you have to do is listening to the song again and again (that shouldn't be a problem if it's one of your favourite songs).。