助动词用法归纳小学公司内部档案编码：[OPPTR-OPPT28-OPPTL98-OPPNN08]
助动词（Auxiliary Verb）：协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词。自身没有词义，不可单独使用。
主要动词（Main Verb）：是被协助的动词，构成时态和语态。
He doesn't like English. 他不喜欢英语。（doesn't是助动词，无词义；like是主要动词，有词义)
最常用的助动词有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would 等。基本助动词只有三个：be, do, have
他们没有词汇意义，只有语法作用，如协助构成进行时，完成时，被动态，否定句，疑问句等。
一、be 动词的用法
既可作系动词，又可作助动词，做助动词有人称和数的变化，第一人称用am,第二人称及复数用are,第三人称及单数用is， am,is 过去式为was, are的过去式为were,它与现在分词构成进行时态和过去分词一起构成被动语态。
a. 表示时态 be+doing（现在分词）表示现在进行的动作
He is singing. 他正在唱歌。
b. 表示语态 be+done(过去分词）表被动语态
He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。
c. be+to do（动词不定式）表示计划安排命令。
We are to plant trees next week. 下周我们将要去植树。
You are to explain this 。对此你要做出解释。
二、do的用法
Do主要帮助实意动词构成否定和疑问句，后跟动词原形，有时放在实意动词前起强调作用，还可代替前文出现的动词，避免重复。Do有人称和数的变化，第一、二人称及复数用do，第三人称及单数用does，过去式为did。
1）构成一般疑问句。 DO +主语+动词原形 +其他
I like singing 变为疑问句为 Do you like singing
2）do + not 构成否定句。主语+do +not +动词原形。
I do not want to be criticized. 我不想挨批评。
He doesn't like to study. 他不想学习。
Many students didn’t know the importance of English before. 过去好多学生不知道英语的重要性.
3) 构成否定祈使句。
Don't go there. 不要去那里。
Don't be so absent-minded. 不要这么心不在焉。
说明：构成否定祈使句只用do，不用did和does。
4）放在动词原形前，加强该动词的语气。
Do come to my birthday party please. 请一定来参加我的生日宴会。
I did go there. 我确实去那儿了。
I do miss you. 我确实想你。我真想你了！
5）用作代替动词。
---- Do you like Beijing? --你喜欢北京吗？
---- Yes, I do. No,I don’t. --是的，喜欢。（do用作代动词，代替like Beijing.）
He knows how to drive a car, doesn't he? 他知道如何开车，对
吧？
三、have 的用法
Have+过去分词构成完成时态
I have studied english for a long time .
情态动词的基本用法归纳
情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to 等。情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。
一、 can, could
1) 表示能力
Mary can speak three languages.
Can you skate?
此时可用be able to代替。Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式；而be able to则有更多的时态。
I’ll not be able to come this afternoon.
当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to，不能用Can。如：
He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.
2) 表示请求和允许。
-----Can I go now?
----- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.
此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could,might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。
---- Could I come to see you tomorrow?
---- Yes, you can. ( No, I’m afraid not. )
3) 表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。
Can this be true?
This can’t be done by him.
How can this be true?
二、 may, might
1) 表示请求和允许。might比 may语气更委婉，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用can’t或mustn’t，表示“不可以，禁止”。
----Might/ May I smoke in this room?
---- No, you mustn’t.
---- May/Might I take this book out of the room?
---- Yes, you can. (No, you can’t / mustn’t. )
用May I...征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用Can I...在口语中更常见。
2）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。
May you succeed!
3) 表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句）。
might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。
1．He may /might be very busy now.
2．Your mother may /might not know the truth.
三、 must, have to
1) 表示必须、必要。
You must come in time.
在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn’t（禁止，不准），而用needn’t, don’t have to（不必）.
---- Must we hand in our exercise books today?
---- Yes, you must.
---- No, you don’t have to / you needn’t.
2) must是说话人的主观看法，而have to则强调客观需要。Must 只有一般现在时， have to 有更多的时态形式。
1．he play isn’t interesting, I really must go now.
2． I had to work when I was your age.
3) 表示推测、可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句）
1．You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must know wha t he likes best.
2． Your mother must be waiting for you now.
四、 shall, should
1)shall +动词原形表示将来时态
Shall we go shopping tomorrow?
2) shall 用于第一人称，征求对方的意见。
What shall we do this evening?
shall 用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。
1. You shall fail if you don’t work hard.(警告)
2. He shall have the book when I finish it.(允诺)
3. He shall be punished.(威胁)
六、 will, would
1) 表示请求、建议等，would更委婉。
Would you like a cup of coffee 你想要一杯咖啡吗？
2)will +动词原形表将来时态
He will come back next month . 他下个月将会回来。
3）表示意志、愿望和决心。
1. I will never do that again.
助动词练习题
1 把下列句子变为一般疑问句。
1.It is a lovely dog.
________________________________________
2.She is lovely girl.
________________________________________
3.We are classmates.
______________________________________
4.I am a doctor.
________________________________________
5.There is a bird in the tree.
________________________________
6.They are good friends.
____________________________________
7.I love my parents.
_______________________________________
9. We have a pleasant home.
_______________________________
10.They go to church on Sunday.
_____________________________
11.You are a singer.
______________________________
2. 用do does be 填空
1> _____ she know all the answers
Yes , she ____ . No, she _____.
2> _____ the twins often fight
Yes ,_____ do. No, _____ don’t.
3> _____ your dad like listening to music
Yes ,____ does . No, _____ doesn’t.
5> _____ you have a new teacher
Yes , I ______. No, I ______.
6> _____ she a teacher
Yes, she _____ . No, she _____.
10> _____ your father smoking in the living room?
Yes, ____ is .No, he _____.
助动词和情态动词专项练习
一、情态动词的基本用法
⒈Can John Smith ______ his homework on time?
A. finish
B. finishes
C. finishing
D. finished
⒉She dare ______ out by herself at night.
A. go not
B. not to go
C. to not go
D. not go
⒊You ______ to the party tonight if you have something important to do.
A. don’t need come
B. needn’t to come
C. needn’t come
D. don’t need coming
⒋—We’ll be ready to leave at eight.
—Well, John must ______ back by then.
A. being
B. is
C. be
D. to be
⒌Your grandmother ______ the newspaper without glasses.
A. can still read
B. cans still read
C. still can reads
D. can still reads
二、must, need, dare的用法
⒍—Must I get up early tomorrow, Dad?
—No, you _____. Tomorrow is Sunday.
A. can’t
B. mustn’t
C. needn’t
D. couldn’t
⒎—Must we finish the book today?
—Yes, you ______.
A. can
B. may
C. need
D. must
⒏You ______ play on the road. It’s dangerous.
A. mustn’t
B. may
C. can
D. must
⒐You ______ return the book now. You can keep it until next week.
A. can’t
B. mustn’t
C. needn’t
D. dare not
⒑I ______ a sleeping bag because I’ve already got one.
A. needn’t have
B. didn’t have
C. don’t need
D. need not
⒒Mr Smith ______ a pen from Jack.
A. must to borrow
B. had borrowed
C. must borrowed
D. had to borrow
三、can, could, may, might的用法
⒓The man ____ walk fast because he is lame in the right foot.
A. must
B. mustn’t
C. can
D. can’t
⒔—Could I borrow your dictionary?
—Yes, of course you ______.
A. will
B. would
C. must
D. can
⒕A computer _____ think for itself, it must be told what to do.
A. might not
B. may not
C. couldn’t
D. can’t
⒖—That must be a mistake.
—I don’t think so. It ______ a mistake.
A. may be not
B. needn’t be
C. cannot be
⒗He ______ help crying at the news of his father’s death.
A. couldn’t
B. shouldn’t
C. hadn’t
D. didn’t
⒘“Now, ______ all smile, please?” he asked.
A. may you
B. do you
C. shall you
D. can you
⒙I haven’t brought my dictionary with me. _____ I use yours?
A. Must
B. Shall
C. May
D. Need
四、should, would, shall, will的用法
⒚—Must I copy the new words in class?
—No, you ______. You ______ do it at home.
A. needn’t, may
B. mustn’t, must
C. mustn’t, may
D. needn’t, mustn’t
⒛—Would you please not draw pictures on the wall?
—Sorry. I ______ it again.
A. am not doing
B. don’t do
C. didn’t do
D. won’t do
21.______ I open the window
It’s so warm here.
A. Shall
B. Will
C. Would
D. Must
22.______ you like some oranges?
A. Would
B. Can
C. May
D. Must
23.Tom said that he ______ apologize to Mary.
A. would
B. will
C. shall
D. is going to
24.“Do you think we ______ turn back?” Jane asked.
A. shall
B. will
C. should
D. would
⒈He ______ any help. He can do it all by himself.
A. needs not
B. needn’t
C. doesn’t need
D. doesn’t need to ask
⒉Li Fang isn’t in the classroom. He ______ be at the library. Let’s go and find him.
A. can
B. must
C. need
D. should
⒊—May I have a look at your new watch
—Yes, you ______.
A. can
B. must
C. need
D. should
⒋—Must I hand in the exercise book tomorrow
—No, you______. You can hand it in the day after tomorrow.
A. can’ t
B. mustn’t
C. needn’t
D. couldn’t
⒌There ______ an English test next Monday.
A. maybe
B. was
C. may be
D. may
⒍You’d better ask someone, or you______ get lost.
A. may
B. mustn’t
C. are going to
D. can
7.“Come on!” Peter called. “We ______ stay here any longer.”
A. couldn’t
B. can’t
C. hadn’t to
D. mightn’t
8..Must Tom write it now No, he ______.
A. needn’t
B. can’t
C. must
D. mustn’t
9.“Have you seen Li recently?”
“No, I think he must ______ away on vacation.”
A. being
B. is
C. be
D. to be
10.“All right. You ______ if you don’t want to.”
A. don’t need stay
B. needn’t stay
C. needn’t to stay
D. don’t need staying
1：She________toseedocumentaries（记录片）.
A、do?want
B、 don't?want
C、doesn't?want
D、not?want
2：Lookatthatpictureonthewall.__________youlikeit
A、Do
B、Can
C、Could
D、Are
3：He________likepears.
A、 do
B、is
C、doesn't
D、not 4：—Doyouoftengotothecinema______Sunday
—No,we__________.
A、on,
don't B、on,aren't C、in,
do D、in,don't
5：－Canyouseealightonthetable
－Yes,________.
A、I?am
B、I’m?not
C、I?can
D、He?isn’t 6：—Doestheboywanttobeanactor—________.
A、 Yes,heis
B、No,hedoes
C、Yes,hedoes
D、No,heisn't
7：_________hehaveanyapples
A、Do
B、Does
C、Is
D、Are
8：
She______wanttobeapolicewoman,becauseshethinksit’skindofdanger ous.
A、isn’t
B、aren’t
C、don’t
D、doesn’t
9：Why＿＿＿＿hehavebrownhair
A、 do
B、does
C、is
D、has
10：Whattime__________hegethomeeveryday
A、is
B、does
C、do
D、am
11：What________youseeinthepicture
A、is
B、are
C、can?
D、have
12：Jack_______likeflyingkites______throwingafrisby.
A、don't,
or B、doesn't,
and C、 don't,
and D、doesn't,or
13：A：________Jim________aball
B：No,he________.
A、Do,have,don't
B、Does,has,doesn't
C、Is,have,isn't
D、Does,have,doesn't
14：I________haveawatch.
A、 am?not
B、does
C、don't
D、doesn't
15：＿＿＿＿you＿＿＿＿agoodtimeonyourvacation
A、Did;
have B、Did;
had C、Were;
have D、Were;had
16：Simonlikes_____football,buthedoesn’t_____itwell. A、 play,
plays B、toplay,plays C、plays,
playing D、playing,play
17：She＿＿＿＿havetowashthedishesnow.
A、don't
B、not
C、doesn't
D、can't
18：—________Colin________Chinesehistory—Yes,hedoes.
A、Do;
like B、Does;
likes C、Do;
likes D、Does;like
19：LiLei______lunchathome.
A、hasn’t
B、haven’t
C、don’t?have
D、doesn’t?have
20：－Whocleanedtheblackboardyesterday,Dick－John＿＿＿.
A、cleaned
B、does
C、did
D、is
21：__________youusuallycometoschoolbybike
A、Don't
B、Doesn't
C、Aren't
D、Isn't
22：－Where______lionscomefrom－IthinktheycomefromAfrica.
A、are?
B、is?
C、does?
D、do
23：__________wehaveanyeggs
A、Aren't
B、Don't
C、Can't
D、Mustn't
24：＿＿＿＿youonyourvacationyesterday
A、Are
B、Were
C、Was
D、Did
25：－Who＿＿＿＿dinnerlastnight－Mymother＿＿＿＿.
A、cooked;
did
B、did;
cooked C、did;
did D、cooked;cooked
1.There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.
A. will be going to
B. will going to be
C. is going to be
D. will go to be
2. Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday.
A. will gives
B. will give
C. gives
D. Give
3.Listen! The girl _____________ in the room.
A. sings
B. singing
C. is singing
D. are singing
4.What are you doing I’m __________ TV.
A. watch
B. watches
C. to watch
D. Watching
5.In our school there are fifty-five ___.
A women teachers B. woman teachers
. C women teacher D. woman’s teacher
6.Jack went to have two ___ pulled out yesterday afternoon.
A. tooths
B. tooth
C. teeth
D. Toothes
7.Many ____ have been built in our city since 1987.
A. factorys
B. factories
C. factoryes
D. factorys
8.Who's that at the door ____ is the postman.
A. She
B. This
C. It
D. He
9. you go to the movies yesterday?
A.Do
B.Did
C..Does
D.Have
英语动词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择动词 1．The doctor said jokingly that his own infection of the virus _____ the discovery of a vaccine (疫苗)of the disease. A．stood for B．called for C．paid for D．contributed to 【答案】D 【解析】 短语辨析。A.代表 B. 呼吁 C. 为……付出代价 D.导致。句意：医生开玩笑的说，他自己被病毒的感染导致发现了这种病毒的疫苗。故选D。 2．100．----I have been watching “I am a singer” and Gloria Tang (邓紫棋) is my favorite star. ----- Me, too. Her new album is said to be ______ next month. By then, we , fans, will buy some. A．relieved B．delivered C．produced D．released 【答案】D 【解析】D考查动词。句意：--我一直在看“我是一个歌手”而且邓紫棋是我最喜欢的明星。--我也是。她的新专辑将于下月发行。到那时，我们的粉丝们会买一些。A减轻，解除；B 递送；C产生，制造；D发行，发布。故选D。 3．Two lawyers have donated $50,000 to ________ our school’s campaign “Help the Needy”, which was started by our former headmaster three years ago. A．sponsor B．launch C．organize D．plan 【答案】A 【解析】 考查动词辨析。难度中等。 【解题思路】该句意为：两位律师捐赠了5，0000美元赞助我校“帮助贫困生”活动…… A项意为“赞助”，符合句意；B项意为“发射，开办”，C项意为“组织”，D项意为“计划”，都与句意不同。故A项正确。 4．It is beyond awkward when everyone around you ______________ laughing at a joke that you do not find funny, especially if it’s a joke told in a foreign language. A．run into B．bursts out C．yells out D．falls into 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：考查动词短语的词义辨析。A.run into快速进入，碰撞；B. bursts out 爆发；C. yells out 大声说出来；D. falls into落入，分成。句意：当你身边的人因一个你不觉得有趣的笑话尤其是用外语来说的笑话而突然爆笑时，你是非常尴尬的。故选B。 考点：考查动词短语的词义辨析
be动词，情态动词，助动词do/does的用法区别及练习 助动词，顾名思义就是帮助动词完成疑问及否定的，本身没有什么含义。主要的助动词有be,do,will,have等，其用法详述如下： 一、⑴由连系动词am，is，are构成的句子：变一般疑问句时把am，is，are提到句子的前面，句尾用问号即可。变否定句时直接在am，is，are后面加not即可。例如： 肯定句:He is a student. 一般疑问句: Is he a student? 否定句: He is not a student. 画线提问: 对he提问: Who is a student? 对a student 提问: What is he? (2)was 是am,is的过去式，were是are的过去式，若句子中有以上两词时，变疑问句及否定句方法与（1）相同。 二、(1) 由情态动词can, may,will ，shall等构成的句子: 变一般疑问句时把can, may,will ，shall提到句子的前面,句尾用问号即可.变否定句时直接在can,may,后面加not即可. 例如: 肯定句: She can swim. 一般疑问句: Can she swim? 否定句: She can not swim. 画线提问: 对she提问: Who can swim? 对swim提问: What can she do? （2）could,might,would,should是can,may,will,shall的过去式，若句子中有以上两词时，变疑问句及否定句方法与（1）相同。 三、（1）由行为动词构成的句子: 需要加助词do或does. 变一般疑问句时把do/does放在句子前面. 变否定句时把don’t/doesn’t放在动词的前面。要注意观察动词的形式并对号入座。一般疑问句和否定句的动词三单式都要变回原型。 play-----do plays-----does 例如: 肯定句: They play football after school. He plays football after school. 一般疑问句: Do they play football after school? Does he play football after school? 否定句: They don't (do not) play football after school. He doesn’t’ play football after school. 画线提问: 对they/he提问: Who plays football after school? 对play football提问: What do they do after school? What does he do after school? 对after school提问: When do they play football? When does he play football? （2）did是do和did的过去式，变一般疑问句时把did放在句子前面. 变否定句时把didn’t 放在动词的前面, 要注意观察动词的形式并对号入座。一般疑问句和否定句的动词都要变回原型。
Be动词和助动词用法区别其实be动词也是助动词（auxiliary verbs）。 英语动词大致可分为三种：助动词（auxiliary verbs），情态动词（modal verbs），实意动词（full verbs）。 助动词（auxiliary verbs）：do，be，have。没有实意，“帮助”别的动词，表示时态，否定和提问。情态动词（modal verbs）：can，must，may。也是“帮助”别的动词，但是有自己的实意。实意动词（full verbs）：play，run，think。其他有实意的动词。 be动词可用作助动词（auxiliary verbs）：1，be+Ving：所有的进行时态，如：2，be+过去分词：被动式。 be动词也可用做实意动词（full verbs）：be[bi]v.有；在；是。 你这样想，一个句子里要有动词吧。再看看它们的名字，“be 动词”和“助动词”， 先说“be动词”，（1）这名字里有动词，说明他是动词，句子里有他就不会有别的动词（除非这些动词以别的形式出现，这是后话）了，（2）“am,is,are,was,were”叫be动词，是因为他们是be的不同形式 再说“助动词”，（1）一定要注意“助”，是帮助的意思，说明他不是动词，只是起到了辅助的作用，所以，他们就一定要与动词同时出现。[记住啊，他们离不开动词，但是动词没有他们也是可以的]
（2）did,do,does只是do的不同形式，根据你所需要的时态来选择（1）用于肯定句，否定句和疑问句 am：第一人称单数（即只与I连用），用于现在时（一般现在，现在进行，只要那时态中是现在的就行）eg:①I am a girl.一般现在时②I am eating an apple.现在进行时 ③I am going to do my homework.[be going to表将来，将来中只有这一种] is：第三人称单数，用于现在时（一般现在，现在进行，只要那时态中是现在的就行）(it就不举例了)eg:①She/He is a girl/boy.一般现在时②He/She is eating an apple.现在进行时③He/She is going to do his homework.[be going to表将来，将来中只有这一种] are：第二人称单数，所有人称复数，用于现在时（一般现在，现在进行，只要那时态中是现在的就行）eg:①You are a girl. We/You(你们)/They are girls.一般现在时②You are eating an apple.We/You(你们)/They are eating apples.现在进行时③We/You(你们)/They are going to do our/your/their homework.[be going to表将来，将来中只有这一种] was：第一人称单数，第三人称单数，用于过去时（一般过去，
小学英语语法：助动词do 的用法 1) 构成一般疑问句，例如： Do you want to pass the CET? 你想通过大学英语测试吗? Did you study German? 你们学过德语吗? 2) do + not 构成否定句，例如： I do not want to be criticized. 我不想挨批评。 He doesn't like to study. 他不想学习。 In the past, many students did not know the importance of English. 过去，好多学生不知道英语的重要性。 3) 构成否定祈使句，例如： Don't go there. 不要去那里。 Don't be so absent-minded. 不要这么心不在焉。 说明：构成否定祈使句只用do，不用did和does。 4) 放在动词原形前，增强该动词的语气，例如： Do come to my birthday party. 一定来参加我的生日宴会。 I did go there. 我确实去那儿了。 I do miss you. 我确实想你。 5) 用于倒装句，例如： Never did I hear of such a thing. 我从未听说过这样的事情。
Only when we begin our college life do we realize the importance of English. 只有在开始大学生活时我们才理解到英语的重要性。 说明：引导此类倒装句的副词有never, seldom, rarely, little, only, so, well等。 6) 用作代动词，例如： ---- Do you like Beijing? --你喜欢北京吗? ---- Yes, I do. --是的，喜欢。(do用作代动词，代替like Beijing.) He knows how to drive a car, doesn't he? 他知道如何开车，对吧? 助动词do 的用法是我们精心为大家准备的，希望大家能够多加练习，为以后学好英语打下坚实的基础!
助动词在英语学习当中作了解，不需要重点把握，但是助动词也是很好理解的，希望回答能够帮到你。 1.助动词：Be 助动词不能作述语动词,要与本动词一起构成动词片语,表示时态、语态等。 1. BE作为本动词表示状态或客观存在等意思。 Your house is bigger and nicer than mine. 你的房子比我的又大又好。 2. BE+不定词连用,表示约定、义务、命令等未来的动作或状态。 I am to go abroad on business tomorrow. 明天我要去外国出公差。 表示未来的安排。 The meeting is to be held as scheduled. 会议将按原计划召开。 表示计划好的安排。 You are not to bark at my friend. 你不许对我的朋友叫。 表示命令或要求。 3. BE+现在分词构成各种进行时态。 Who are you talking to? 你在和谁说话？ I am talking to my dog. 我在和我的狗说话。 4. BE+过去分词构成被动语态。 That means I will be promoted as scheduled. 这就意味着我将要按原计划得到提升。 2. dare和used to 作为情态助动词的dare一般只能用于疑问句或否定句中,dare+原形动词表示敢。
I dare not say it is ugly. 我不敢说它丑。 How dare you say so? 你怎么敢这么说？ dare也可以作本动词,用于肯定句,后面要接带to的不定词;主词若是第三人称单数,简单现在式时,dare要变为dares。 You, you dare to talk to me like this! 你、你竟敢这样和我讲话！ used to+原形动词表示过去的习惯或状态,而现在已经不存在了。 You're not what you used to be. 你不是以前的你了。 used to构成疑问句时有两种形式。即used + 主词+ to + 其他成份？；Did + 主词+ use to+ 其他成份。 How used I to be? 我以前什么样？ How did you use to be? 你以前什么样？ used to构成否定句时有两种形式，即used not to和didn't use to。 You didn't use to say things like this. You used not to say things like this. 你以前不会说这样的话的。 be used to表示习惯于,其中used是形容词,to是介系词,后接名词、代名词或动名词等,可用于不同的时态。 You're used to hearing words of praise. 你是听好话听惯了。 3. 助动词：Do 1. DO作为助动词时的时态、人称和数的变化与它作为本动词相同,有do, does, did三种形式。 Yes, it seems he doesn't really want to have a haircut.
最新英语非谓语动词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．Students surf the internet _______ more information about the university they are dreamt of. A．found B．finding C．having found D．to find 【答案】D 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：学生们上网是为了找到他们理想大学的更多的信息。此处表示目的用不定式，指上网的目的。故选D。 2．Look over there! There is a long, winding path ________ up to the house. A．lead B．leading C．led D．to lead 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：看那边!有一条长长的蜿蜒小路通向那所房子。分析句式可知，这是个there be 句型，因此，此处用非谓语动词，path与lead是主动关系，因此用现在分词，故选B。 3．______ to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may influence genes in human bodies. A．Having exposed B．Being exposed C．To expose D．Exposed 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查动名词。句意：暴露于核辐射中甚至很短时间都会影响人体的基因。分析句子成分发现even for a short time是插入语，may influence是谓语，前面的部分应该是主语，be exposed to“暴露于”，要用动名词Being exposed to。故B选项正确。 4．The lecture, _______at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes. A．starting B．being started C．to start D．to be started 【答案】A 【解析】 选A start与逻辑主语the lecture之间为主动关系，故排除B、D两项。不定式作定语时，常表示动作尚未发生，故排除C项，此处用现在分词作后置定语，表示主动。 第四步：根据与谓语动词的先后关系确定时态 非谓语动词表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前用过去分词或v.-ing形式/不定式的
助动词（Auxiliary Verb）：协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词。自身没有词义，不可单独使用。 主要动词（Main Verb）：是被协助的动词，构成时态和语态。 He doesn't like English. 他不喜欢英语。（doesn't是助动词，无词义；like是主要动词，有词义) 最常用的助动词有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would 等。 基本助动词只有三个：be, do, have 他们没有词汇意义，只有语法作用，如协助构成进行时，完成时，被动态，否定句，疑问句等。 一、be 动词的用法 既可作系动词，又可作助动词，做助动词有人称和数的变化，第一人称用am,第二人称及复数用are,第三人称及单数用is，am,is 过去式
为was, are的过去式为were,它与现在分词构成进行时态和过去分词一起构成被动语态。 a. 表示时态be+doing（现在分词）表示现在进行的动作 He is singing. 他正在唱歌。 b. 表示语态be+done(过去分词）表被动语态 He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。 c. be+to do（动词不定式）表示计划安排命令。 We are to plant trees next week. 下周我们将要去植树。 You are to explain this 。对此你要做出解释。 二、do的用法 Do主要帮助实意动词构成否定和疑问句，后跟动词原形，有时放在实意动词前起强调作用，还可代替前文出现的动词，避免重复。Do 有人称和数的变化，第一、二人称及复数用do，第三人称及单数用does，过去式为did。 1）构成一般疑问句。DO +主语+动词原形+其他 I like singing 变为疑问句为Do you like singing ? 2）do + not 构成否定句。主语+do +not +动词原形。 I do not want to be criticized.我不想挨批评。 He doesn't like to study.他不想学习。 Many students didn’t know the importance of English before.过去好多学生不知道英语的重要性. 3)构成否定祈使句。
助动词 协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词（Auxiliary Verb）。被协助的动词称作主要动词（Main Verb）。构成时态和语态。助动词是语法功能词，自身没有词义，不可单独使用，它没有对应的汉译，例如：He doesn't like English. 他不喜欢英语。（does是助动词，无词义；like是主要动词，有词义) 最常用的助动词有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would 他们表示时态，语态，构成疑问句与否定副词not合用，加强语气助动词半助动词 2 半助动词 功能介绍 在功能上介乎主动词和助动词之间的一类结构，称为半助动词。常见的半助动词有be about to, be due to, be going to, be likely to, be meant to, be obliged to, be supposed to, be willing to, have to, seem to, be unable to, be unwilling to等。......情态助动词 情态助动词1.情态助动词包括will(would), shall(should), can(could), may(might), must, need, dare, ought to, used to, had better后接原形不定词。2.情态助动词不受主语的人称和数的限制。3.两个情态助动词不能连用。中文:他将能够及时完成此事。(误)He will can finish it i...... 3 基本助动词 基本助动词基本助动词只有三个：be, do, have, 他们没有词汇意义，只有语法作用，如协助构成进行体，完成体，被动态，否定句，疑问句等。例如He is giving a lecture. 他在作报告He has made a plan. 他已经订了计划The small animals are kept in the cages. 小动物都关在笼子里。 助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用 a. 表示时态，例如： He is singing. 他在唱歌。 He has got married. 他已结婚。 b. 表示语态，例如： He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。 c. 构成疑问句，例如： Do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗？ Did you study English before you came here? 你来这儿之前学过英语吗？ d. 与否定副词not合用，构成否定句，例如： I don't like him. 我不喜欢他。 e. 加强语气，例如： Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。 He did know that. 他的确知道那件事。 3）最常用的助动词有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would 4 具体用法 have的用法 一、have作助动词 形式 主要变化形式：have，has，had 动名词/现在分词：having 1）have +过去分词，构成完成时态，例： He has left for London.他已去了伦敦。
助动词的用法大全 助动词的形式与作用 1)英语常用的助动词(auxiliary verb)有shall，will，should，would，be，have，do等。助动词一般无词义，不能单独作谓语动词。助动词在句中的作用，在于帮助构成各种时态、语态、语气、否定和疑问结构等。如：China has entered a great new era. 中国已进入了一个伟大的新时期。(帮助构成完成时态) Some boys are playing on the grass. 一些男孩正在草地上玩。 (帮助构成进行时态) Mother is written by Gorky. 《母亲》是高尔基写的。 (帮助构成被动语态) We Shall have the football match if it does not rain.如果不下雨，我们就赛足球。(帮助构成将来时态和否定结构) Do you see my point? 你明白我的意思吗?(帮助构成疑问结构) [注]在否定结构中，not须放在助动词后面。 2)助动词加not一般都有简略式，用于口语中。如： is not-isn't would not--wouldn't are not--aren't [B:nt] have not--haven't was not -- wasn't has not--hasn't were not-- weren't [wE:nt] had not--hadn't shall not--shan't [FB:nt] do not--don't [dEunt] will not--won't [wEunt] does not--doesn't
助动词do的用法 1）构成一般疑问句，例如： Do you want to pass the CET? 你想通过大学英语测试吗？ Did you study German? 你们学过德语吗？ 2） do + not 构成否定句，例如： I do not want to be criticized. 我不想挨批评。 He doesn't like to study. 他不想学习。 In the past, many students did not know the importance of English. 过去，好多学生不知道英语的重要性。 3) 构成否定祈使句，例如： Don't go there. 不要去那里。 Don't be so absent-minded. 不要这么心不在焉。 说明：构成否定祈使句只用do，不用did和does。 4）放在动词原形前，加强该动词的语气，例如： Do come to my birthday party. 一定来参加我的生日宴会。 I did go there. 我确实去那儿了。 I do miss you. 我确实想你。 5）用于倒装句，例如： Never did I hear of such a thing. 我从未听说过这样的事情。 Only when we begin our college life do we realize the importance of English. 只有在开始大学生活时我们才认识到英语的重要性。 说明：引导此类倒装句的副词有never, seldom, rarely, little, only, so, well等。 6）用作代动词，例如： ---- Do you like Beijing? --你喜欢北京吗？ ---- Yes, I do. --是的，喜欢。（do用作代动词，代替like Beijing.） He knows how to drive a car, doesn't he? 他知道如何开车，对吧？ 助动词be的用法 1） be +现在分词，构成进行时态，例如： They are having a meeting. 他们正在开会。 English is becoming more and more important. 英语现在越来越重要。 2) be + 过去分词，构成被动语态，例如： The window was broken by Tom.. 窗户是汤姆打碎的。 English is taught throughout the world. 世界各地都教英语。
七年级英语动词用法小结 一、以下动词或词组后面用动词不定式，即todosomething 1.wouldlike todosomething=wanttodosomething想要做某事 2.hope/start/begin/nee dtodosomething希望/开始/需要做某事 3.疑问词how+todosomething如何做某事 4.beglad/nice/happy/sorry todosomething高兴/抱歉做某事 5.Itisinteresting/fun todosomething.做某事很有趣。 6.Itistime todosomething.该做某事了 7.Itistimeforsb.todosomething.该某人做某事了。 8.have(no)time todosomething（没）有时间做某事 9.Ittakessb.sometime/money todosomething.花费某人一些时间/金钱做某事。 10.helpsb.(to)dosomething帮助某人做某事（注意：这里的to可以省略） 11.seemto todosomething似乎要做某事 实践运用： 1.I’msorry(hear)thebadnews(坏消息). 2.Thestudentsarehappy(see)eachotheragain. 3.Theboyshavelittletime(practice)football. 4.Isittimeforus(do)morningexercises 5.Itistime(get)up. 6.Itisinteresting(play)games. 7.Ittakeshimhours(do)hishomework. 8.Itisfun(draw)inthehills.
【英语】英语动词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择动词 1．It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly___my friend. A．turn out B．bring out C．call out D．pick out 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：电影院里太黑了，我几乎不能认出我的朋友。pick out 意为“认出，选出”。根据所提供的情景“It was so dark in the cinema”可判断出由于电影院里很黑，很难认出朋友。turn out意为“发生，结果是”；bring out意为“使显示,出版,生产,说出”；call out意为“出动,唤起,大声叫唤”。故选D。 2．Jess was sad and her friend helped her ___ the first awful weeks after her husband Bill died. A．break through B．break down C．get through D．get rid of 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：考查词组：A. break through突破，B. break down崩溃，垮掉，抛锚，C. get through 接通，度过，完成，D. get rid of克服，句意：在丈夫Bill去世后，Jess很难过，她的朋友帮助她度过前几个难过的星期。选C。 考点：考查词组 3．Your own personal behavior as a teacher, outside school hours, _______ on the school itself. A．resembles B．reminds C．reflects D．remains 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名教师，你在课外的个人行为会给学校带来不良影响。 A. resembles 相似 B. reminds提醒 C. reflects反应 D. remains保持。reflect on导致，招致，根据句意可知，选C。 4．He had been struggling for many years and finally ________ his fantasies. A．lived up B．lived on C．lived through D．lived out 【答案】D 【解析】
助动词用法归纳小学 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
助动词（Auxiliary Verb）：协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词。自身没有词义，不可单独使用。 主要动词（Main Verb）：是被协助的动词，构成时态和语态。 He doesn't like English. 他不喜欢英语。（doesn't是助动词，无词义；like是主要动词，有词义) 最常用的助动词有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would 等。 基本助动词只有三个：be, do, have 他们没有词汇意义，只有语法作用，如协助构成进行时，完成时，被动态，否定句，疑问句等。 一、be 动词的用法 既可作系动词，又可作助动词，做助动词有人称和数的变化，第一人称用am,第二人称及复数用are,第三人称及单数用is， am,is 过去
式为was, are的过去式为were,它与现在分词构成进行时态和过去分词一起构成被动语态。 a. 表示时态 be+doing（现在分词）表示现在进行的动作 He is singing. 他正在唱歌。 b. 表示语态 be+done(过去分词）表被动语态 He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。 c. be+to do（动词不定式）表示计划安排命令。 We are to plant trees next week. 下周我们将要去植树。 You are to explain this 。对此你要做出解释。 二、do的用法 Do主要帮助实意动词构成否定和疑问句，后跟动词原形，有时放在实意动词前起强调作用，还可代替前文出现的动词，避免重复。Do 有人称和数的变化，第一、二人称及复数用do，第三人称及单数用does，过去式为did。 1）构成一般疑问句。 DO +主语+动词原形 +其他 I like singing 变为疑问句为 Do you like singing 2）do + not 构成否定句。主语+do +not +动词原形。 I do not want to be criticized.我不想挨批评。 He doesn't like to study.他不想学习。 Many students didn’t know the importance of English before. 过去好多学生不知道英语的重要性.
1. 由连系 am , is , are 构成的句子:变一般疑问句时把 am , is , are 提到句子的前面, 句尾用问号即可。变否定句时直接在 am , is , are 后面加 not 即可。例如: 肯定句 :He is a student. 一般疑问句 : Is he a student? 否定句 : He is not a student. 反问句 : He is a student, isn't he? He isn't a student, is he? 画线提问 : 对 he 提问 : Who is a student? 对 a student 提问 : What is he? or What does he do? 2. 由情态动词 can, may, should等构成的句子 : 变一般疑问句时把 can,may, 提到句子的前面 , 句尾用问号即可 . 变否定句时直接在 can,may, 后面加 not 即可 . 例如 : 肯定句 : She can swim. 一般疑问句 : Can she swim? 否定句 : She can not swim. 反问句 : She can swim, can't she? She can not swim, can she? 画线提问 : 对 she 提问 : Who can swim? 对 swim 提问 : What can she do?
3. 由行为动词构成的句子 : 需要加助词 do 或 does. 变一般疑问句时把 do/does 放在句子前面 . 例如 : 肯定句 : They play football after school. 一般疑问句 : Do they play football after school? 否定句 : They don't (do not play football after school. 反问句 : They play football after school, don't they? They don't play football after school, do they? 画线提问 : 对 they 提问 : Who play football after school? 对 play football提问 : What do they do after school? 对 after school提问 : When do they play football? 1. 由连系 am , is , are 构成的句子:变一般疑问句时把 am , is , are 提到句子的前面, 句尾用问号即可。变否定句时直接在 am , is , are 后面加 not 即可。例如: 肯定句 :He is a student. 一般疑问句 : Is he a student? 否定句 : He is not a student. 反问句 : He is a student, isn't he? He isn't a student, is he? 画线提问 : 对 he 提问 : Who is a student? 对 a student 提问 : What is he? or What does he do?
初中英语高频动词用法汇总 2017-01-05 期末考试马上就到了，当同学们每次遇到选填to do, doing 还是do 形式的题目时，脑海中的反应大概都是“to do 好像通，不对，应该是doing，还是填原形do 呢”？下面这些初中阶段高频出现的一些动词用法，让你从此告别看到to do, doing, do 就一脸懵的囧状。 加to do 的高频考察动词 1. afford to do 负担的起做某事 We can’t afford to make any mistakes.我们承担不起任何失误。 2. agree to do 同意做某事 Do you agree to have dinner today? 今天你同意一块吃饭吗？ 3. choose to do 选择做某事 Why do so many choose to leave their country? 为什么有这么多人要离开祖国? 4. decide to do 决定做某事 She decided to accept the offer. 她决定接受这一提议。 5. expect to do 期待做某事 The shop expects to make more money this year. 这家店铺期望今年多赚点钱。 6. hope to do 希望做某事 I hope to see you again sometime next year. 我希望明年某一时候再见到你。 7. hurry to do 急忙做某事 We shall have to hurry to get there in time. 我们将不得不及时赶到那。 8. manage to do 设法做成某事 How do you manage to do such a thing? 你是怎么设法做这样的事? 9. plan to do 打算做某事 Where do you plan to spend your holiday? 你打算去哪里度假？ 10. prefer to do 宁愿做某事 I prefer to travel in the front of the car. 我宁愿坐在汽车的前面。 11. refuse to do 拒绝做某事 I refuse to answer that question. 我不愿回答那个问题。 12. seem to do 看似做了某事
助动词用法归纳小学公司内部档案编码：[OPPTR-OPPT28-OPPTL98-OPPNN08]
助动词（Auxiliary Verb）：协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词。自身没有词义，不可单独使用。 主要动词（Main Verb）：是被协助的动词，构成时态和语态。 He doesn't like English. 他不喜欢英语。（doesn't是助动词，无词义；like是主要动词，有词义) 最常用的助动词有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would 等。基本助动词只有三个：be, do, have 他们没有词汇意义，只有语法作用，如协助构成进行时，完成时，被动态，否定句，疑问句等。 一、be 动词的用法 既可作系动词，又可作助动词，做助动词有人称和数的变化，第一人称用am,第二人称及复数用are,第三人称及单数用is， am,is 过去式为was, are的过去式为were,它与现在分词构成进行时态和过去分词一起构成被动语态。 a. 表示时态 be+doing（现在分词）表示现在进行的动作 He is singing. 他正在唱歌。 b. 表示语态 be+done(过去分词）表被动语态 He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。 c. be+to do（动词不定式）表示计划安排命令。 We are to plant trees next week. 下周我们将要去植树。 You are to explain this 。对此你要做出解释。 二、do的用法
Do主要帮助实意动词构成否定和疑问句，后跟动词原形，有时放在实意动词前起强调作用，还可代替前文出现的动词，避免重复。Do有人称和数的变化，第一、二人称及复数用do，第三人称及单数用does，过去式为did。 1）构成一般疑问句。 DO +主语+动词原形 +其他 I like singing 变为疑问句为 Do you like singing 2）do + not 构成否定句。主语+do +not +动词原形。 I do not want to be criticized. 我不想挨批评。 He doesn't like to study. 他不想学习。 Many students didn’t know the importance of English before. 过去好多学生不知道英语的重要性. 3) 构成否定祈使句。 Don't go there. 不要去那里。 Don't be so absent-minded. 不要这么心不在焉。 说明：构成否定祈使句只用do，不用did和does。 4）放在动词原形前，加强该动词的语气。 Do come to my birthday party please. 请一定来参加我的生日宴会。 I did go there. 我确实去那儿了。