高考英语一轮复习辅导讲义+课后练习：非谓语动词(10份)第11讲 非谓语动词经典精讲(下) 讲义

第01讲动词不定式目录01 考情透视.目标导航 (2)02 知识导图.思维引航 (3)03 考点突破.考法探究 (3)【基础详单】 (3)知识点1 不定式的概念及特点 (4)知识点2 不定式的时态和语态 (4)考点一不定式的句法功能 (4)知识点1 作主语 (4)知识点2 作宾语 (5)知识点3 作补语 (6)知识点4 作表语 (7)知识点5 作定语 (8)知识点6 作状语 (9)考点二不定式的特殊用法 (11)知识点1 疑问词+不定式 (11)知识点2 不定式的省略 (12)知识点3 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义 (12)04 真题练习·命题洞现1.真题实战 (13)2.命题演练 (14)三年真题考点分布【基础详单】知识点1 不定式的概念及特点非谓语动词指不能单独作谓语，但保留动词的某些特征的动词形式。

包括动词不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）三类，它们没有人称和数的变化，但根据发生的时间、状态及主被动关系有形式上的变化，还可以有自己的宾语和状语。

动词不定式的基本构成形式：“to+动词原形”。

知识点2 不定式的时态和语态考点一不定式的句法功能知识点1 作主语【名师提醒】 1.不定式作主语时，相当于名词或代词，谓语动词用单数形式。

2. “赞扬，责备”的形容词通常用of sb作逻辑主语：wrong, right, kind, nice, brave, careful, careless, greedy, honest, lazy, modest, selfish, thoughtful, impolite, polite, clever, foolish, silly, stupid, cruel, rude, generous，considerable等。

3. 以下形容词通常用for sb作逻辑主语：easy, hard, difficult, important, necessary, impossible, possible, safe, dangerous, unusual, wonderful等用for sb作逻辑主语。

第十一章非谓语动词要点概览◎不定式○不定式概说○不定式用法不定式作主语、表语不定式作宾语不定式作宾语不定式作状语不定式作宾语补足语不定式时态和语态不定式的时态不定式的语态○不定式的两种特殊结构疑问词+不定式It’s +adj +for sb to do sth与It’s +adj +of sb to do sth ◎不定式的省略○省略不定式符号to○省略to后的动词◎动名词○动名词概说○动名词用法动名词作主语、表语动名词作宾语动名词作定语○动名词的复合结构○动名词的时态和语态◎分词○分词概说○分词的作用分词作定语分词作状语分词作表语分词作宾语补足语○现在分词作宾补与不定式作宾补的区别○现在分词作宾补与作状语的区别○have (使、让) 带复合宾语的三种情况○分词作定语、状语、宾补的区别◎独立主格结构常见类型及其用法知识讲解不定式一、不定式概说不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，它由不定式符号to加动词原形构成，其否定形式是not to +动词原形。

动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，但却有时态和语态变化。

不定式具有动词的许多特点，可以有自己的宾语或状语，和它一起构成不定式短语。

另外，不定式虽然在语法上不能有主语，可它却可以有逻辑上的主语。

动词不定式除了不能作谓语外，可以充当句子的其他各种部分：主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语、定语和表语。

不定式的时态和语态变化，通常有六种形式：二、不定式用法1．不定式作主语、表语（1）不定式（短语）作主语：To see is to believe.眼见为实。

To see one time is better than to hear a hundred times.百闻不如一见。

在很多情况下，特别是作主语的不定式比较长时，我们通常用it来代替它作主语，而把真正的主语不定式移到句子后部去。

这样，句子就不致显得头重脚轻了。

如：It’s good to give up smoking.戒烟好。

S U第十一讲非谓语动词［罢®—助力语法填空］髙賢真题威悟］单句语法填空（2015•新课标全国卷I语法填空）Abercrombie & Kent，travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people living (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong. 2.（2015•新课标全国卷II语法填空）The adobe dwellings （土坯房）built （build） by the Pueblo Indians of the AmericanSouthwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers.3.（2015*新课标全国卷II语法填空）In addition to theirsimple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to u air condition" a house without using （use） electric equipment.4.（2015*新课标全国卷II语法填空）When a new day breaks, thewalls have given up their heat and are now cold enough t° sol（cool） the house during the hot day; at the same time,they warm up again for the night.(2015•广东高考语法填空)Since the plants took a while to grow 9 he started cutting down trees to sell (sell) the wood.(2014•新课标全国卷 II 语法填空)One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop ，worried about being (be) late for school.(2014-新课标全国卷 II 语法填空)1 heard a passenger behindshouting to the driver^ but he refused to stop (stop) (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting.5.6.7. meuntil we reached the next stop.8. (2014•新课标全国卷 II 语法填空)Still ，the boy kept riding一、非谓语动词的形式及意义 非谓语动词主动语态被动语态意义不定式的动作与句中 谓语动词的动作同时 发生一般式 to doto bedone不定式的动作与句中 谓语动词的动作同时 发生或在其后发生 完成式to have doneto havebeen done不定式的动作发生在 句中谓语动词的动作 之前进行式to be doing非谓语动词主动语态被动语态意义现在分名词过去分词一般式完成式doingbeingdonehavingdonehavingbeendone其表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生，或几乎同时发生其表示的动作先于句中谓语动词的动作发生done与句中主语为逻辑上的被动关系，表完成①I have a lot of reading to complete before the end of this term.本学期结束前，我有大量的阅读任务要完成。

第11讲非谓语动词经典精讲（下）开篇语标点符号决定谓语还是非谓语题一：Tom, I want you to do this: ________ still while I take the pictures.A. keepB. keepingC. to keepD. kept题二：He is said _______ abroad, but I don’t know wh ere he studied.A. to studyB. to be studiedC. to be studyingD. to have studied题三：The book is said ________ into English soon. We are looking forward to it.A. to translateB. to be translatedC. to be translatingD. to have been translated动词不定式的形式和意义to doto be doneto b e doingto have doneto have been doneto have been doing题四：1. The teacher speaks loudly so as to make himself ____.A. hearB. hearingC. heardD. to hear2. Susan explained the puzzling problem several times in order to make herself ____.A. understandB. u nderstandingC. to understandD. understood知识小总结1.Make sb. do2.Make oneself done3.Make sb. surprised/interested/satisfied1.get sb. to do2.get sth. done3.get done题五：1. When I came into the room, I found Tom ________ in the chair.A. satB. sittingC. seatingD. seated2. When I got to school, I noticed Susan ___in red.A. dressedB. dressingC. havingD. wearing3. When I got home, I found my wallet _______.A. losingB. goingC. missingD. disappeared被动表主动seated, dressed, devoted, faced, prepared, married….missing, lost, gone , nothing can be found.The wallet is missing.lostgone题六：1. —What made you so upset?—________ my ipod.A. LosingB. LostC. To loseD. I lost2. _____ in thought, I didn’t know what happened at that time.A. LosingB. LostC. To loseD. I lost题七：“with结构”：1. The thief was brought in, with his hands ________ behind.A. tiedB. tyingC. to be tiedD. being tied2. With everything ________, he left the shopping mall happily.A. buyingB. boughtC. to be boughtD. being bought3. I studied into deep night, with my father ________ beside.A. waitedB. waitingC. to waitD. being waited4. With a lot of tasks ____, he’s like a cat on the hot bricks.A. to solveB. to be solvedC. solvingD. solved题八：with和as的区分：1.________ time went on, the climate became worse and worse.A. AsB. With2.________ time going on, our hometown is no longer what it used to be.A. AsB. With题九：He was busy writing a story, only ____ once in a while to smoke a cigarette.A. to stopB. stoppingC. to have stoppedD. having stoppedlack词性比较复杂，既有名词，又有动词特性。

入舵市安恙阳光实验学校高考英语一轮复习 知识点专题练习 第11讲 非谓语动词经典精讲（下，含解析）题一：Please do me a favor — ______ my friend Mr. Smith to Youth Theaterat 7:30 tonight.A. to inviteB. invitingC. inviteD. invited题二：Hearing the news, he hurried home, ______ the book _______ on thetable.A. leaving, lying openB. leaving, lie openedC. left, lay openedD. left, lain open题三：The new teacher is said _______ abroad a year ago .A. to studyB. to have studiedC. studiedD. having studied题四：—Is Bob still performing?—I’m afraid not. He is said _______the stage already as he has become an officialA. to have leftB. to leaveC. to have been leftD. to be left题五：He is said ________ to the South this winter.A. to be movingB. to be movedC. to moveD. to have moved题六：He is known________ to run in the morning in our school.A. to runB. to be runC. to be runningD. to have been run题七：He managed to make himself ________ at the meeting yesterday.A. understandingB. to understandC. understoodD. to be understood—How do you feel when you watch the national flag go up? —It makes me _______ very proud.A. feltB. to feelC. fee lingD. feel题八：We tried hard, and eventually, we were able to get Mike us ________his car just for a day.A. lendingB. lendC. to lendD. lent —Will you please make yourself _____to us, please? ——I’ m the honorary chairman of the committee. A. know B. to know C. knowing D. known题九：He hurried to go home, but found the doors _______.A. lockedB. lockingC. to lockD. to locking After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother's voice ______ him.A. callingB. calledC. being calledD. to callThe next morning she found the man _______ in bed, dead. A. lay B. lie C. lying D. laying题十：I smell something ___________ in the kitchen. Can I call you backin a minute?A. burningB. burntC. being burntD. to be burntYou will see the product _______ wherever you go.A. to be advertisedB. advertisedC. advertiseD. advertisingA fox was found _______ a nap in the bedroom of a farmer’s house after fleeting from hunters.A. to takeB. takingC. tookD. having taken题十一：Why not look for something interesting to do. _______ nothing means death.A. DoingB. To doingC. To doD. Doneat my classmates’ faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.A. LookingB. LookC. To lookD. Looked题十二：—What do you think made him put into prison?—_______stealing the valuables.A. Because he was accused ofB. Accused ofC. Because of being accused ofD. Being accused of_______ for the breakdown of the school computer network，Alice was in low spirits.A. BlamingB. BlamedC. To blameD. To be blamed题十三：The girl is still fast asleep, with her head ______ deep in arms.A. buryB. to buryC. buriedD. buryingNow that we’ve discussed out problem, are people happy with the decisions ______?A. takingB. takeC. takenD. to takeI couldn’t do my homework with all that noise________.A. going onB. goes onC. went onD. to go onWith a lot of work______, I couldn't go to see the doctor.A. to be doneB. doneC. doingD. to do题十四：John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work______, he gladly accepted it.A. finishedB. finishingC. having finishedD. was finished The girl sat there quite silent and still with her eyes _______on the wall.A. fixingB. fixedC. to be fixingD. to be fixed—Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.—Sorry. With so much work _______my mind，I almost break down.A. filledB. fillingC. to fillD. being filledWith the exam _______ tomorrow, I couldn't go to the cinema tonight.A. holdingB. heldC. to holdD. to be held题十五：_______the problem of land erosion(侵蚀) is getting more and more serious, the government is searching for a way to deal with it.A. AsB. With_______ the problem of land erosion(侵蚀) getting more and more serious, the government is searching for a way to deal with it.A. AsB. With题十六：_______time passed quickly, we found it time to say goodbye to each other.A. AsB. With_______time passing quickly, we found it time to say goodbye to each other.A. AsB. With题十七：The news shocked the public, _______to great concern about students’ safety at school.A. having ledB. ledC. leadingD. to lead题十八：The lawyer listened with full attention, _______ to miss any point．A. not tryingB. trying notC. to try notD. not to try题十九：Though _________to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.A. surprisingB. surprisedC. surprisedD. being surprised 题二十：The flowers his friend gave him will die unless_______ every day.A. wateredB. wateringC. waterD. to water题二十一：I’ll have Hudson _______ you to your room.A. s hownB. showingC. showD. to show题二十二：I often have my children _______ the house when they are free.A. clean B. cleaning C. cleaned D. to clean题二十三：_______ in a friendly way, their quarrel came to end.A. Being settledB. SettledC. Having settledD. Settling题二十四：_______of the heavy burden of homework，the children rushed out of the classroom and enjoyed themselves.A. To be freedB. FreeingC. To freeD. Freed题二十五：It is difficult to imagine his _______the decision without any consideration.A. acceptB. acceptingC. to acceptD. accepted题二十六：I can’t stand _______ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses _______ talking while she works.A. working; stoppingB. to work; stoppingC. working; to stopD. to work; to stop题二十七：AIDS is said ______ the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years.A. that it isB. to beC. that it has beenD. to have been题二十八：The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang，who was reported _______the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race.A. breakingB. having brokenC. to have brokenD.to break题二十九：I saw her_______ when I came into the classroom.A. cryB. to cryC. cryingD. cries题三十：Michael works hard. He is often seen _______ heavily before his teammates have even arrived.A. sweatedB. to be sweatedC. sweatingD. being sweated 题三十一：The prize of the game show is $30，000 and an all expenses_______vacation to China.A. payingB. paidC. to be paidD. being paid题三十二：The Town Hall _______in the 1880’s was the most distinguished building at that time.A. to be completedB. having been completedC. completedD. being completed题三十三：“You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted _______away.A. runB. runningC. to runD. ran题三十四：My cousin came to see me from the country, _______ me a full basket of fresh fruits.A. broughtB. bringingC. to bringD. had brought题三十五：It is our duty ______ the old.A. to take care ofB. to have been taken care ofC. to be taken care ofD. to have taken care ofIt is very difficult for us ______ writing the composition in half an hour.A. to be finished B. to have been finished C. to finishD. to have finished题三十六：He sent me the e-mail, ______to get some further information for his research.A. hopedB. hopingC. to hopeD. hope题三十七：Can’t you read?” Mary said _______to the notice.A. angrily pointingB. and point angrilyC. angrily pointedD. and angrily pointing题三十八：It’s no good _______ over spilt milk.A. to cryB. criedC. cryingD. cry题三十九：It is a waste of time _______ that.A. talk aboutB. talking aboutC. being talked aboutD. to be talked about题四十：The meeting, _______ by over five thousand people，welcomed the great hero．A. to be attendedB. being attendedC. attendedD. having attended题四十一：The disc, _______ digitally in the studio，sounded fantastic at the party that night.A. recordedB. recordingC. to be recordingD. having recorded题四十二：_______ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she’d likethat little doll on her bed.A. SeeingB. To seeC. SeeD. Seen题四十三：_______ in the queue for half an hour，the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque inthe car.A. WaitingB. To waitC. Having waitedD. To have waited题四十四：I happen _______the answer to your question.A. to have knownB. to knowC. having knownD. knowing 题四十五：The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle_______.A. to be heardB. to have heardC. hearingD. being heard题四十六：A few days after the interview．I received a letter _______ me admission to the university.A．offering B．offered C．having offered D．to be offered 题四十七：Recently a survey _______ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens. A．compared B．comparing C．compares D．being compared题一：C详解：句意为：请帮我个忙——邀请我的朋友史密斯先生今晚7点半到青年剧院。

第十一讲非谓语动词适用学科高中英语适用年级高中三年级适用区域人教新课标版课时时长（分钟）90分钟知识点非谓语动词的基础知识与重点难点教学目标 1.掌握非谓语动词的基础知识；2.能够辨别谓语与非谓语；3.掌握非谓语作主语、宾语的重点；4.非谓语作表语的重点；5.非谓语作宾语补足语的重点；6.非谓语作定语的重点；7.非谓语作状语的重点；8.不定式的省略；9.非谓语动词的逻辑主语；10.关于there be的非谓语形式；教学重点 1.非谓语动词的基础知识；2.辨别谓语与非谓语3.非谓语作主语、宾语的重点；4.非谓语作表语的重点；5.非谓语作宾语补足语的重点；6非谓语作定语的重点；7.非谓语作状语的重点；8.不定式的省略9.非谓语动词的逻辑主语；10.关于there be 的非谓语形式教学难点 1.分词作状语；2.非谓语动词的特殊结构教学过程一、复习预习1、复习情态动词与虚拟语气知识点2、订正上节课课后作业并讲解重点题目二、知识讲解非谓语动词是高考的重点和热点，也是我们英语学习中所碰到的难点之一。

非谓语动词分为三种形式：不定式，V-ing分词（又分为现在分词和动名词）和过去分词。

（一）基础知识所能充当的成分主语表语宾语宾语（主语）补足语定语插入语（独立成分）V-ing形式现在分词●●●●动名词●●●●不定式（to do）●●●●●●过去分词（done）●●●●注：常见作独立成分的非谓语动词to tell you the truth(实话说)，needless to say(不用说)，to be honest/frank(老实说，坦白说)，to be more exact(更确切地说)，to make things worse (更糟的是)，not to mention…(更不用说)，Generally / Frankly / Roughly speaking (一般说来/ 坦白说/ 粗略地说)非谓语形式构成时态语态复合结构否定式主动被动不定式一般式to do to be donefor sb. to dosth.或of sb. to dosth.在“to”前加not或never进行式to have doneto have beendone完成式to be doing /完成进行式to have beendoing/动名词一般式doing being donesb.或sb’sdoing作主语要用sb’s doing在前加not特别注意复合结构的否定式：sb’s not doingsb’s not havingdone完成式having donehaving beendone现在与动名词变化形式相同在前加not 分词（二）重点难点1. 辨别谓语与非谓语特别注意分析句子的结构才能辨别谓语与非谓语。

胆置黑词考，牖讲含蜜g)讲义非谓语动词是高考语法填空和短文改错必考热点语法工程之一。

现结合典型考题对非谓语动词的考点进行梳理和总结，帮助大家明确考点，找出解题规律和方法。

一、考查非谓语动词作主语能作主语的非谓语动词有不定式和动名词。

两者的区别是：表示某一具体的动作时、多用不定式；表示比拟抽象的一般的行为倾向时，多用动名词。

当动名词或不定式短语较长时，常用it作形式主语放在句首而把动名词或不定式短语放于句末。

(典例】(ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.解析：Ignoring。

分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是will be,因此前面局部是主语，应该使用动名词短语作主语。

二、考查非谓语动词作宾语不定式和动名词都可作动词或介词的宾语。

有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如want, wish, hope, manage, demand, promise, refuse, pretend, plan, offer, decide, agree, expect等。

有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语，如admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, forgive, imagine, keep, mind, miss, practice, resist, risk, suggest, deny, stand 等。

有些动词或动词短语后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词作宾语，如forget, remember, regret, mean, try, go on等，但意义上有区别。

[典例1 ] I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.解析：wear改为wearing”介词by后应接动名词作宾语。

非谓语动词（一）——分词【基本概念】1.对英语动词的基本认识英语中动词的语法作用同汉语区别很大。

动词除了在句子中充当谓语之外，还常以非谓语的形式充当其他的句子成分。

按照动词是否充当谓语，我们可以把动词分为谓语动词和非谓语动词两类。

每一类动词所包含的主要语法知识如下。

时态（按高考要求共九个时态）谓语动词语态（主动语态和被动语态）语气（陈述语气和虚拟语气）主谓一致动词动词不定式非谓语动词分词（现在分词和过去分词）动名词非谓语动词是指不充当谓语而做其他句子成分的动词，凡是用作非谓语的动词在形式上都要有所变化，以区别于谓语动词。

2.分词的语法作用分词分现在分词和过去分词两类，具有形容词和副词的语法功能，在句子中可以充当表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。

例1：The news that the Chinese team won the gold medal was very encouraging.(P.51, Senior Book 2B)句中的现在分词encouraging充当句子的表语。

例2：The people performing all play different instrument. (P.49, Senior Book2B)Polluted rivers and lakes have also been a cause of death. (P.52, Senior Book2A)现在分词performing作后置定语，修饰the people; 过去分词polluted作定语修饰rivers and lakes。

例3：So he left France, preferring to give up the fortune that would one day come to him, and went to live in English. (P.57, Senior Book2B)现在分词短语preferring to give up the fortune that would one day come to him 作状语，表示he left France and went to live in England 的原因。

入舵市安恙阳光实验学校高考语法专题九非谓语动词语法训练10分钟一1．(2013·课标Ⅰ卷)The sunlight is white and blinding，________hard －edged shadows on the ground.A．throwing B．being thrownC．to throw D．to be thrown解析：考查非谓语动词。

句意：阳光明媚而刺眼，在地上投下了轮廓鲜明的影子。

主语sunlight与throw shadows之间为主动关系，故选A。

答案：A2．(2013·北京卷)________the course very difficult，she decided to move to a lower level.A．Find B．FindingC．To find D．Found解析：考查非谓语动词。

句意：她发现这门课程非常难，决定转学一门较低水平的(课程)。

she与find之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词表主动，表伴随。

答案：B3．(2013·天津卷)In some languages,100 words make up half of all words________in daily conversations.A．using B．to useC．having used D．used解析：考查非谓语动词。

句意：在一些语言中，100个词构成了日常对话使用的所有词汇的一半。

分析句子成分可知，use和words之间是动宾关系，用过去分词表被动。

答案：D4．(2013·北京卷)When we saw the road________with snow，we decided to spend the holiday at home.A．block B．to blockC．blocking D．blocked解析：考查非谓语动词。

第十一讲非谓语动词单句语法填空1．(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong，says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people living (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.2．(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)The adobe dwellings (土坯房) built (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers.3．(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition〞 a house without using (use) electric equipment.4．(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough to_cool (cool) the house during the hot day; at the same time, they warm up again for the night.5．(2015·广东高考语法填空)Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees to_sell (sell) the wood.6．(2014·新课标全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about being (be) late for school.7．(2014·新课标全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused to_stop (stop) until we reached the next stop.8．(2014·新课标全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Still, the boy kept riding (ride)．He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting.一、非谓语动词的形式与意义非谓语动词主动语态被动语态意义不定式的动作与句中谓语动词不定式一般式to do to be done的动作同时发生或在其后发生本学期完毕前，我有大量的阅读任务要完成。

高三一轮复习非谓语动词动词不定式（to do）、分词(现在分词v+ing，过去分词done)和动名词统称为非谓语动词。

现代英语将现在分词和动名词合为一大类叫作v + ing形式。

这些动词的形式不能在句中单独作谓语用，因而没有语法主语。

但可以有逻辑主语。

由于没有语法主语，也就不受人称和数的限定，因为不是谓语，也就没有时态和语态，但这些词仍能表示动作和状态，所以仍有表示与其他动词相对时间关系的形式。

由于与其它词有逻辑上的主谓关系，因此也有表示主、被动的形式，同时也有自己的宾语和状语，一起构成非谓语动词的短语(动词不定式短语，分词短语，动名词短语)。

非谓语动词在英语语法中占有特殊且重要的位置。

非谓语动词形式多样，应用广泛，且在句中起着很活跃的作用，也是语法项目中的重点和难点，学好非谓语动词，才能正确进行口语和书面的交流。

(一）1、动词不定式的形式变化：动词不定式有下列时态和语态的形式变化。

2.动词不定式的基本用法：动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用，可在句中作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语用.E.g. 1.做主语： To help each other is good.（动词不定式作主语时，一般可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的动词不定式置于句末，如：It is good to help each other.3..不定式作表语1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。

To do two things at a time is to do neither．次做两件事等于未做。

4.动词不定式在句中作宾语，如带有宾语补足语时，须先用it作形式宾语，而将该动词不定式后置，如：I don’t think it right to do it that way.作定语：动词不定式作定语时，须位于被其修饰的名词或代词之后，如：Is this the best way to help him? 和定语用的动词不定式如果是不及物动词，不定式后面就要用必要的介词，如：He is the man to depend on. 如果被不定式修饰的名词为place, time, way，不定式后面的介词，习惯上可以省去，如：The old man is looking for a quiet place to live.作状语：动词不定式可以作下列的状语：①目的状语： Every morning he gets up very early to read English（二）ing形式：动词的ing形式也是一种非谓语动词。

高考英语一轮复习语法点专题讲解非谓语动词所谓非谓语动词，顾名思义也确实是不能单独用作谓语的动词（但与助动词结合可构成“进行时态、系表结构、完成时态、被动语态等谓语形式”），非谓语动词在英语句子结构中用法专门广泛、灵活，可充当主语、表语、宾语、补语、定语、状语等。

现在笔者向同学们作分类介绍：动词不定式一、不定式作主语1.一样置于句首：To see one time is better than to hear one hundred times.2.常见用it代替它作形式主语，而把不定式或不定式结构移到句尾：It's our duty to serve the people．3.在含有不定式作主语的疑问句或感叹句中，一样只用it作形式主语。

常见：Is it a good idea to plant some flowers there？不能够说：*Is to plant some flowers there a good idea？二、不定式作表语连系动词be，seem，appear，get，remain等常用不定式作表语，假如主语部分有实义动词do时，表语常可用不带to的不定式。

例如：My idea is to have a trip on Sunday．The only thing I can do now is wait at home.三、不定式作动词宾语1.动词＋不定式：The girl asked to see the headmaster．常见的跟带to的不定式结构作宾语的动词有：agree，aim，arrange，ask，choose，decide， demand，pretend，expect，hope，learn，long，manage，offer，pretend，promise，refuse，wish，want，hate 等。

但help后的不定式常可省掉的，如：They helped（to）do the cleaning this morning.2.动词十疑问词（why除外）＋不定式：We must find out what to do next.常见能跟“疑问词十不定式”结构作宾语的动词有：decide，find out，forget，know，learn，remember，see，think，understand，wonder等。

非谓语动词在英语中，不能充当句子谓语，而是担任其他语法功能的动词，叫做非谓语动词，也称非限定动词。

非谓语动词是高中最重要的语法项目，是历年高考的常考点，非谓语动词包括其三种基本形式，六种主要成分。

一、三种基本形式：动词不定式动词ing形式过去分词:（1）表泛指意义的行为时，多用动名词作主语；表具体的行为或将来的行为，必须用动词不定式作主语，且谓语动词都用单数。

Smoking is prohibited here．这里禁止抽烟。

(抽象)It is not very good for you to smoke so much．你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。

(具体)（2）不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。

It took me only five minutes to finish the job.It would be best to tell him the truth..动名词用作后置形式主语的情况远远不及不定式那么普通，实际上动名词这种后置形式只限于下列名词或形容词后面。

在good, fun, use, time等名词的后边。

It is no good helping him. He doesn’t help himself.(他自己不争气)It is great fun preparing for a party.It is no use arguing with you.It is a waste of time watching such a lot of TV.2．不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别:(1)不定式作表语1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。

To do two things at a time is to do neither．次做两件事等于未做。

What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。

2021年高考英语一轮复习第11讲非谓语动词经典精讲练习（下）开篇语标点符号决定谓语还是非谓语题一：Tom, I want you to do this: ________ still while I take the pictures. A. keep B. keeping C. to keep D. kept题二：He is said _______ abroad, but I don’t know where he studied.A. to studyB. to be studiedC. to be studyingD. to have studied题三：The book is said ________ into English soon. We are looking forward to it.A. to translateB. to be translatedC. to be translatingD. to have been translated动词不定式的形式和意义to doto be doneto be doingto have doneto have been doneto have been doing题四：1. The teacher speaks loudly so as to make himself ____.A. hearB. hearingC. heardD. to hear2. Susan explained the puzzling problem several times in order to make herself ____.A. understandB. understandingC. to understandD. understood知识小总结1.Make sb. do2.Make oneself done3.Make sb. surprised/interested/satisfied1.get sb. to do2.get sth. done3.get done题五：1. When I came into the room, I found Tom ________ in the chair.A. satB. sittingC. seatingD. seated2. When I got to school, I noticed Susan ___in red.A. dressedB. dressingC. havingD. wearing3. When I got home, I found my wallet _______.A. losingB. goingC. missingD. disappeared被动表主动seated, dressed, devoted, faced, prepared, married….missing, lost, gone , nothing can be found.The wallet is missing.lostgone题六：1. —What made you so upset?—________ my ipod.A. LosingB. LostC. To loseD. I lost2. _____ in thought, I didn’t know what happened at that time.A. LosingB. LostC. To loseD. I lost题七：“with结构”：1. The thief was brought in, with his hands ________ behind.A. tiedB. tyingC. to be tiedD. being tied2. With everything ________, he left the shopping mall happily.A. buyingB. boughtC. to be boughtD. being bought3. I studied into deep night, with my father ________ beside.A. waitedB. waitingC. to waitD. being waited4. With a lot of tasks ____, he’s like a cat on the hot bricks.A. to solveB. to be solvedC. solvingD. solved题八：with和as的区分：1.________ time went on, the climate became worse and worse.A. AsB. With2.________ time going on, our hometown is no longer what it used to be.A. AsB. With题九：He was busy writing a story, only ____ once in a while to smoke a cigarette.A. to stopB. stoppingC. to have stoppedD. having stoppedlack词性比较复杂，既有名词，又有动词特性。