2020年教师招聘考试重点汇总三《初中英语学科》一、单选题1、Passage16Birds are a critical part of our ecological system.But more than ever,birds are threatened by human pollution and climate change.We need the birds to eat insects,move seeds and pollen around, transfer nutrients from sea to land,clean up after the mass death of the annual Pacific salmon runs,or when a wild animal falls anywhere in a field or forest.How could we enjoy spring without the birds flitting busily in our garden or dropping by to check out the flowers in our urban window box?Can you contemplate America without the soaring bald eagle,or even those scavengers like the pigeons and gulls that clean up discarded food scraps on our city streets and waterfronts? How diminished our lives would be without them?Scavenging eagles and condors need hunters to behave responsibly and bury,or remove,the remains of any shot deerpeppered with fragments of lead bullets.Loons,ducks and other water birds will be poisoned by lead bullets and lead fishing sinkers if we allow such objects to drop in their feeding space.All sea and shore birds,even the puffins and guillemots of the otherwise pristine Aleutians,need us to make sure that no other heavy metals,like mercury and cadmium,are dumped in rivers and make their way across the oceans.Birds like the terns,knots and our planet need people everywhere shear waters that migrate between the far north and deep,to cease and desist from filling in their wetland fuel deep, south of stops and rest stations,and from constructing golfing resorts and factories in their feeding and breeding grounds. Seabirds are among the most endangered vertebrate species on the planet,with the International Union for Conservation of Nature classifying97species as globally threatened,and17in the highest critically threatened.Of greatest concern areslow-breeding albatross.the pelicans of the southern oceans and the speccategory of tacular,but Plastic bags must be eliminated from natural environments so sea and shore birds don't mistakenlycarry anw such debris back to feed their chicks,with invariably lethal consequences.The albatross,cormorants herons need us to stop over-fishing and compromising their normal food supply.The pelicans,penguins and all the birds that inhabit,or visit,our coastlines need us to ensure that do not dump oil into gulfs and bays,or release so much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere that the oceans turn acidic and we lose the mussels and oysters,the mass of calcareous plankton that feeds so many creatures,and the coral reefs that nurture enormous numbers of edible species.Think about it:We share this small green planet.As they fly, feed and nest,the birds monitor the health of the natural world for us,provided that we,in turn,make the effort to access that key information.The birds and humans are both large,complex and ultimately vulnerable organisms that inhabit the top of the food chain.At the end of the day,their fate will be our fate.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word"contemplate"in PARAGRAPH THREE?A.Live in.B.Think about.C.Arrive at.ment on.2、Passage20Teacher education provided by U.S.colleges and universities has been routinely criticized since its inception in the early nineteenth century,sometimes deservedly.These programs,like non-university programs,are uneven in quality and can be improved.What makes today’s criticisms different is an aggressive effort by advocacy groups,and self-proclaimed educational entrepreneurs to deregulate the preparation of teachers,and to expand independent,alternative routes into teaching.This effort to"disrupt"the field of teacher preparation in the United States has gained considerable momentum and legitimacy, with venture capitalists,philanthropy,and the U.S.Department of Education all providing sponsorship and substantial funding.The strength of this effort is that the United States may quickly seek to dismantle its university system and replace much of it with independent,private programs.The resulting system of teacher preparation may differ dramatically in its government, structure,content,and processes moving away from its current location alongside legal,medical,and other professionalpreparation that pairs academic degrees with professional training.Throughout the nation,states are reporting teacher shortages in particular subject areas and geographical locations, and several states have either passed legislation to lower the standards for becoming a teacher or,like the state of Washington, have looked toward expanding the number of teacher education providers to try to fill teaching vacancies.The federal government has contributed to the push to lower standards for becoming a teacher with the Teacher Preparation Academy provision in the new K-12education law,the Every Student Succeeds Act, which encourages states to expand the number of independent programs not associated with colleges and universities.Because of the increasing tuition rates,a consequence in part,of cuts in funding to public universities that continue to educate most U.S.teachers,enrollments in college and university teacher education programs have declined in many parts of the country.Independent teacher education programs are being viewed by some as an important part of the solution in staffing the nation's classrooms and addressing our serious and enduringproblems in education inequities.Additionally,advocacy groups, philanthropists,and so-called education entrepreneurs are working aggressively to expand these independent alternative routes into teaching.Given the seriousness of the teacher shortage problem in the United States and the substantial media attention that has been given to independent teacher education programs as the solution to teacher shortages and education inequities,policy makers should very carefully examine the evidence that exists about the nature and impact of these relatively new programs that are rapidly expanding while university teacher education enrollments decline.What measures have been taken by some states to deal with their teacher shortages?A.To increase the number of qualified teachers.B.To increase funds for teacher education programs.C.To expand non-university teacher education programs.D.To establish the baseline of teacher education programs.3、Passage5A lyric is a subjective poem of intense personal emotion whose principal quality is its musical form.Poe,master of the lyric, was led to explain all poetry as the rhythmical creation of beauty in words.Because great poetry is often pure music,haunting melody,and chiming syllables,the reader should not glance through poetry as he read his newspaper or the latest magazine-skipping a word here and a line there,and still hope to get what the author had intended for him.Poetry being music, like all other forms of music,it gains its meaning when interpreted by the human voice.It is the special function of lyrical poetry to give pleasure through this musical quality no less than through fine contemplation of beauty it inspires-beauty of thought,of feeling, of expression,and of technical skill.But poetry is more than a great pleasure.It should also be an outlet for our own unspoken thoughts and our varied moods.It makes articulate our choked-up passageways of speech,giving adequate expression to our pent-up loves and joys and glories,and furnishes release and relief to our fears,grieves and sorrows.A great poet takes our half-formed thoughts,or suppressed moods,our crushed desires,and needs,and leads them out into the open,endowing them with a harmony, and completeness…Great verse can help to vitalize our thinking about the commonplace and elemental in life,and can idealize and give meaning to the simplest things in creation.Listen to Tennyson: Flower in the crannied wall,I pluck you out of the crannies,I hold you here,root and all,in my hand,Little flower-but if I could understand,What you are,root and all,and all in all,I should know what God and man is.According to the author,a great poet is one who_______.A.gives meaning to readers，lifeB.makes readers blessed with wisdomC.puts readers in a peaceful state of mindD.enables readers to have a sense of belonging4、Passage10People do not analyze every problem they meet.Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a similar problem.They often accept the opinions or ideas of other people.Other times they begin to act without thinking;they try to find a solution by trial and error.However,when all these methods fail,the person with a problem has to start analyzing.There are six stages in analyzing a problem.First the person must recognize that there is a problem.For example,Sam's bicycle is broken,and he cannot ride it to class as he usually does.Sam must see that there is a problem with his bicycle.Next the thinker must define the problem.Before Sam can repair his bicycle,he must find out the reason why it does not work.For instance,he must determine if the problem is with the gears,the brakes,or the frame.He must make his problem more specific.Now the person must look for information that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions.For instance, suppose Sam decided that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the gear wheels.At this time,he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about gears.He can talk to his friends at the bike shop.He can look at his gears carefully.After studying the problem,the person should have several suggestions for a.possible solution.Take Sam as an illustration. His suggestions might be:put oil on the gear wheels;buy new gear wheels and replace the old ones;tighten or loosen the gear wheels. Eventually one suggestion seems to be the solution to the problem. Sometimes the final idea comes very suddenly because the thinker suddenly sees something new or sees something in a new way.Sam, for example,suddenly sees that there is a piece of chewing gum between the gear wheels.He immediately realizes the solution to his problem:he must clean the gear wheels.Finally the solution is tested.Sam cleans the gear wheels and finds that afterwards his bicycle works perfectly.In short, he has solved the problem.What is the best title for this passage?A.Six Stages for Repairing sam's BicycleB.Possible Ways to Problem-solvingC.Necessities of Problem AnalysisD.Suggestions for Analyzing a Problem5、Passage14According to sociologists,there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group.In the family,traditional cultural patterns confer leadership on one or both of the parents.In other cases,such as friendship groups,one or more persons may gradually emerge as leaders,although there is no formal process of selection.In larger groups,leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment.Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability,decades of research have failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any category of"natural leaders".It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common;rather,virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group.Research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group.Group members look to instrumental leaders to"get things done".Expressiveleadership,on the other hand,is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-beings of a social group´s members.Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict amongthem.Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members.They give others tasks and may discipline group members who inhibit attainment of the group ´s goals.Expressive leaders cultivate a more personal or primary relationship to others in the group.They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group.As the differences in these two roles suggest,expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members;instrumental leaders,if they are successful in promoting group goals,may enjoy a more distant respect.The passage indicates that instrumental leaders generally focus on_______.A.ensuring harmonious relationshipsC.identifying new leadersB.sharing responsibility with group membersD.achieving a goal二、简答题1、用四种方法对戏剧片段“Romeo and Juliet”进行课堂导入，并举例。
