高考英语二轮复习课堂讲练——专题十一 名词性从句
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名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句是一种具有名词功能的非独立分句。
具体用法见下表:主语从句大多数主语从句都可以用it作形式主语而把主语从句置于句尾。
(what引导的主语从句表示“……的东西”时,一般不用it作形式主语;whatever, whoever, whichever一般也不用it作形式主语。
)►It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.我们在哪开会无所谓。
【注意】(1)常见的it替代that引导的主语从句的句式主要有以下几种:①It+系动词+形容词(necessary/right/likely/important/certain...)+that从句②It+be+名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/good news/a fact/an honour...)+that从句③It+be+过去分词(said/told/heard/reported/decided/suggested...)+that从句④It+特殊动词(seem/appear/happen/matter)+that从句(2)在“It is necessary/important/natural...+that从句”的结构中,从句谓语常用“(should +)动词原形”。
宾语从句1.动词find, feel, think, consider, make, believe等后有that引导的宾语从句作宾语补足语时,则常用it作形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置。
►I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.我认为每天摄入足量的白开水很有必要。
2.有些动词(短语)不能直接跟宾语从句,需要借助形式宾语it。
常见的有hate, enjoy, like, dislike, love, appreciate, see to等。
2005年高考英语第二轮总复习讲座之十一Unit11 名词性从句一、考点聚焦1、名词性从句中连接词的运用名词性从句中的连接词有连词that / whether / as if,连接代词what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever,连接副词where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。
(1)that的用法。
①主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略。
如:That they are good at English is known to us all.The problem is that we don’t have enough money.She expressed the hope that they would come to China one day.②宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省,在以下几种情况中that不能省略:(A)当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时,that不可省略;(B)当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时,that不能省;(C)当that作介词宾语时,that不可省掉。
如:He judged that,because he was a child, he did not understandwineEveryone knew what happened and that she was worried.The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.③that从句作主语和宾语时,可以用it 来替换成以下几种结构表达。
(A)It is clear/certain/likely/true/surprising that… (B)It is a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder that ...(C)It is said/reported/ believed/known/thought/suggested that … (D)It seems/happens that。
一、几种易混的从句的差异定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句有时分在方法上很类似,下面供给一些差异的办法:1.定语从句与同位语从句定语从句与前面的名词是润饰与被润饰的联系;而同位语从句是用来阐明前面名词的内容的。
that在定语从句中充任语句成分,可指物或人;而同位语从句中的that在从句中不充任任何语句成分,只起衔接效果。
请比较:1.The news (that/which) he told us wasexciting.(定语从句,that/which在从句中作宾语,还能够被省掉)2.The news that our team has won isexciting.(同位语从句,that从句是阐明news的内容的,that在从句中不作任何成分,但不能被省掉)剖析判别是定语从句仍是同位语从句能够用“加词”的办法,即在名词和从句之间参加一个be动词,假如语句意思建立,则是同位语从句,不然,则是定语从句。
如上面第二句,加上be动词后:The news is that our team has won.语句意思建立,所以是同位语从句。
而榜首句,加上be动词后:The news is that he told us.意思不建立,因而不是同位语从句。
【特别提示】一般情况下,同位语从句紧跟在它所阐明的名词的后边,可是有的时分,为了表达的需求,名词与从句之间被别的一些内容分隔开了,叫做“分隔同位语从句”。
关于这类同位语从句,必定要依据句意,找准它所阐明的名词。
2.定语从句与状语从句请看两组语句:榜首组:差异such...as...和such...that...1.The new storybook is written in sucheasy English as beginners can understand.2.The new storybook is written in sucheasy English that beginners can understand it.这两句话只要一词之差,但语法结构截然不同:榜首句是as引导的定语从句,as相当于that/which(但不能用that/which),在从句中作understand的宾语。
某高级中学高三英语语法专题训练(xùnliàn):第11讲名词性从句[高考真题体验]1.(2021·高考)—Is there any possibility________you could pick me up at the airport?—No problem.A.when B.thatC.whether D.what解析:考察同位语从句。
此处是由that引导的同位语从句,表示“你有没有可能来机场接我?〞。
所以这里选B项。
答案:B2.(2021·高考)It is not immediately clear ________ the financial crisis will soon be over.A.since B.whatC.when D.whether解析:句意:经济危机能否很快完毕如今还不清楚。
根据句意,用whether。
应选D。
答案:D3.(2021·高考)As a new diplomat,he often thinks of ________ he can react more appropriately on such occasions.A.what B.whichC.that D.how解析:考察宾语从句的引导词。
句意:作为新的外交家,他经常考虑在这样的场合怎样才能更恰当地回应。
根据句意,宾语从句缺少状语,即回应的方式,故用how。
答案:D4.(2021·高考)She is very dear to us.We have been prepared to do________it takes to save her life.A.whichever B.howeverC.whatever D.whoever解析:考察连接代词的用法。
宾语从句中谓语动词take缺少宾语,排除选项B;而选项A暗含某个范围;选项D指人,都与题意不符。
高考英语第二轮热点专题复习——名词性从句(最新)考情分析名词性从句是历年高考的重点和难点也是热点。
名词性从句相当于名词,可用作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
因此,名词性从句分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词有:连接代词:who, whose, whom, what, which,有词义,在从句中担任成分,如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等;连接副词:when, where, why, how,有词义,在从句中担任成分,作状语;连接词:that, whether, if, as if,if (whether), as if虽有词义,但在从句中不担任成分;that 无词义,在从句中不担任成分,有时可省略。
名词性从句重点与难点:一、that从句作主语和宾语时,常用it作形式主语,将从句放在句末e.g. It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not.She has seen to it that all the children are well taken care of.二、that引导名词性从句的省略情况1、that引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时,不能省略。
e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.2、that引导宾语从句时一般可省略,但在以下几种情况中不能省略。
1)当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时不能省略;2)当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时不能省略;3)当that作介词宾语时不能省略。
e.g. He judged that, because he was a child, he did not understand wineEveryone knew what happened and that she was worried.The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.三、名词性从句中的语序名词性从句中一律使用陈序语气。
合肥六中2015年高考英语二轮复习专题(十一)名词性从句一、考试说明的内容及要求名词性从句是中学英语学习的重点,也是高考的主要考点之一。
主要考查内容为:1.掌握名词性从句中各连接代词和连接副词的用法。
(如2012安徽,27)2.掌握名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)的基本用法。
3.弄清名词性从句尤其是同位语从句与定语从句的区别。
二.近五年安徽省高考考点分布及命题趋势从近几年安徽英语试题来看,复合句是英语语言中重要的句子结构之一,高考将继续重视对复合句的考查,试题的立意将注重对名词性从句相关基础知识的考查。
三.一轮复习中存在的问题从一轮复习期间的四次诊断性测试来看,在有关名词性从句的命题中,如果名词性从句与其他两种复合句同时出现,则学生往往会概念混淆,分辨不清从句的类型,进而无法正确解题。
其次,如果试题是考查学生对相关信息的辨析时,学生也极易犯错误。
四.教学重点和教学策略1.从句的学习并非一日之功,平时应加强对从句语法特征和语义特征的思考,形成纯正的英语思维能力。
2.加强平时对名词性从句的学习,在平时的学习过程中,经过认真思考之后,将典型的从句分门别类,整理建档,以备考前复习巩固。
3.解题思路:通读全局,首先考虑是不是某种句型。
若题干是疑问句,则应首先将其恢复为正常语序。
再者,寻找相关信息,确定从句类型,并回忆相关从句的用法特点,进而作出取舍。
与此同时,注意标点符号和并列连词。
最后将选项代入句子,看语义是否连贯。
五.专题教学主要内容名词性从句包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句是一种具有名词功能的非独立分句。
因为它是从句,因此具有句子的特点,有主、谓成份;同时又具有名词性特点,所以可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语或同位语。
名词性从句是中学英语学习的重点,也是高考的主要考点之一。
名词性从句主要有三种从句结构:以连词that, whether, if 引导的从句;以连接代词who, whom,whose, which,what,和whatever 等引导的从句;以连接副词where,when, why ,how 引导的从句。
专题11名词性从句目录名词性从句---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1一、单项选择-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2二、单句语法填空(高考题和最新模拟)-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------13三、完成句子-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------17名词性从句一、单项选择模拟演练1.(天津市实验中学2023-2024学年高三上学期第二次阶段检测)The traditional viewpoint________girls are not as good at science and math as boys is______by the experts at home and abroad.A.that;acquired B.which;balancedC.which;exchanged D.that;challenged【答案】D【解析】考查同位语从句和动词词义辨析。
句意:女孩在科学和数学方面不如男孩的传统观点受到了国内外专家的挑战。
第一空为同位语从句,解释说明名词viewpoint,从句不缺少成分且句意完整,所以用连接代词that引导。
专题三名词性从句名词性从句指在复合句中起名词作用的从句,它在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语或同位语。
名词性从句既是中学英语教课的要点,也是高考考察的热门。
一、名词性从句的分类名词性从句包含主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
其连结词有 that, if, whether;连结代词 who, what, which;连结副词 when, where, how, why 等。
考察热门一:对主语从句的考察主语从句在复合句中充任主语,它能够放在主句谓语动词以前。
但为了保持句子均衡,多半状况下可用it 作形式主语,而把主语从句置于句尾。
考察热门二:对宾语从句的考察宾语从句在句子中作及物动词或介词的宾语。
假如主句的谓语动词是及物动 make, find, see, think 等,则把宾语从句置于宾语补足语以后,用it 作形式宾语。
此外,某些作表语的形容词,如 sure, happy, glad, certain 等以后也能够带宾语从句。
考察热门三:对表语从句的考察表语从句在句子中作表语,位于主句中的系动词以后。
考察热门四:对同位语从句的考察同位语从句一般跟在某些抽象名词以后,进一步说明该名词所表示的详细内容。
可跟同位语从句的名词主要有:fact, idea, news, promise, belief, condition, doubt, fear, hope, problem, proof, question, reply, report, suggestion, thought, truth等。
二、对名词性从句的考察应注意以下几点:考察热门五:考察名词性从句的语序和主从句时态名词性从句均应用陈说句语序,其时态要保持主从句时态一致性。
考察热门六:从语境和句子构造需要出发,选择适合的连词(I)连词that 和what:that 无实质意义,在从句中不充任任何成分,只起连结主从句的作用;如 that 指引宾语从句,常可省略;如指引主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句, that 不可以省略。
专题11 重点语法复习(名词性从句)距离高考还有一段时间,不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生,愈是临近高考,能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节,态度是否主动积极,安排是否科学合理,能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战,其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料,希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率,希望对你有所帮助,有志者事竟成!养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。
总之,在最后的复习阶段,学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候,学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式,最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心,考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”,遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后,考生越要回归基础,单词最好再梳理一遍,这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
一.概述名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句, 从句要用陈述语序。
名词性从句的引导词如下表所示:1. that引导主语从句时, 没有具体意思, 不充当句子成分, 只是起标志性的作用, 但that不能省略。
what引导时, 在从句中充当成分, 且有意义。
It is true that the college will take in more new students. 这所大学将招收更多的新生是真的。
2. whether连接主语从句时, 表示怀疑, 不能省略, 意为“是否”, 在句首时不能用if替换。
It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. 旧汽车站是否应该被一个现代化的宾馆取代仍然在商讨中。
专题十一名词性从句1. (2014·江苏卷)— What a mess! You are always so lazy!—I'm not to blame, Mum. I am ________ you have made me.A. howB. whatC. thatD. who2. (2014·北京卷)The best moment for the football star was ________ he scored the winning goal.A. whereB. whenC. howD. why3. (2014·北京卷)Some people believe ________ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.A. whateverB. wheneverC. whereverD. however4. (2014·福建卷)Pick yourself up. Courage is doing ________ you're afraid to do.A. thatB. whatC. howD. whether5. (2014·浙江卷)“Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.”This is ________ my mother used to tell me.A. whatB. howC. thatD. whether6. (2014·大纲卷)Exactly ________ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.A. whetherB. whyC. whenD. how7. (2014·湖南卷)As John Lennon once said, life is ________ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. where8. (2014·陕西卷)________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.A. WhyB. WhenC. ThatD. What9. (2014·四川卷)Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “That's ________ I was born.”A. whenB. howC. whyD. where10. (2014·重庆卷)— Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?—Yeah, but I have no idea ________ he did it; that's one of his favorite universities.A. whenB. whyC. thatD. how1. 【答案】B【解析】句意:——这么乱!你总是这么懒!——妈妈,要怪也不应当怪我啊。
我这么懒也是你娇惯出来的。
本题考查名词性从句中的表语从句。
what引导表语从句,并在从句中作宾语补足语。
that在表语从句中不能作成分;how在从句中作状语;who指人,通常都作主语。
2. 【答案】B【解析】句意:对于足球明星而言最佳的时刻是他攻入制胜一球的时候。
本题考查表语从句。
从句中缺少表时间的连接副词,所以选when。
3. 【答案】A【解析】句意:有人相信无论以前发生了还是现在正在发生什么都会在未来重演。
本题考查宾语从句的引导词。
宾语从句中缺少主语,所以选择连接代词whatever(无论什么)。
4. 【答案】B【解析】句意:站起来!有了勇气,你才可以去做你不敢做的事情。
本题考核宾语从句的引导词。
what在句中充当引导词,同时也是动词do的宾语。
5. 【答案】A【解析】句意:“每次你吃糖果时,喝点绿茶。
”这是我妈过去常同我说的。
本题考查表语从句。
表语从句中动词tell后面缺少直接宾语(tell sb. sth.),故选what。
6. 【答案】C【解析】句意:土豆确切是在何时被引进欧洲还不确定,但是很可能是在1565年左右。
本题考查主语从句。
根据后半句“it was probably around 1565”可知本句谈论的是时间。
故C项正确。
7. 【答案】C【解析】句意:正如John Lennon曾经说过的,生活就是当你忙于制定其他的计划时,所发生在你身上的事情。
本题考查表语从句。
从句中缺少主语和引起从句的连词,所以使用what。
8. 【答案】B【解析】句意:这被延误的航班什么时间起飞要看天气。
本题考查主语从句。
由于从句主谓完整,不缺宾语,所以不能选择what。
本句表示时间,所以选择when。
9. 【答案】D【解析】句意:奶奶指着那个医院说:“那就是我出生的地方。
”本句考核的是表语从句。
本句中的关键词是the hospital,表示的是地点,故D项正确。
10. 【答案】B【解析】句意:——Mike拒绝了耶鲁大学的录取通知,这个是不是真的?——是呀,但我不明白他为什么这么做。
那可是他最喜欢的大学之一。
根据句意,说话者不明白拒绝的原因,故选B项。
高考对名词性从句的考核,一是考查连接词的的基本用法;二是考查多种从句混杂使用的情况。
设问的角度越来越多样化,语境越来越真实,句子结构也渐趋复杂。
对复杂句子结构的分析也是衡量学生掌握英语语言能力的重要标志之一。
高考热点:what 的功能;that/what, whether/if, who/whoever/whomever/no matter who, what/whatever/no matter what, whichever/whatever, what (+a(n)+)n./how+adj./adv.的区别;主句从句时态的一致性;从句的语序;与其他从句的区别。
要点储备一:名词性从句基本概念要点储备二:名词性从句常见句型要点储备三:突破高考,抓热点规范解题“三步走”:首先判断是否是三大从句,其次确定何种从句,然后分析从句成分并依据从句关联词特点进行正确选择。
1. After three days' waiting, there was a little doubt in Jake's mind ________ the police could find his lost car.A. howB. thatC. whereD. whether2. Is there any possibility ________ we can see each other again after we part today?A. whetherB. thatC. whenD. which3. — Did you hear the news this morning?—Oh, yes, ________ the Japanese government has done about Diaoyu Islands has caused great anger among Chinese.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. why4. Liao Fan, a Chinese actor, finally got to know ________ real success tastes like when he won the prize for Best Actor at the 64th Berlin Film Festival.A. whenB. howC. whatD. where5. What made the mother angry was ________,when asked why he didn't go to school, the boy kept silent.A. whenB. whetherC. whatD. that6. The expert's argument ________ the increasing number of cars is the main cause of the rising PM 2.5 readings has got much support from the public.A. whenB. whichC. thatD. whether7. —Is there any particular soup you would like to have?—________ you select is all right with me.A. WhateverB. AnythingC. No matter whatD. Whichever8. Carl hopes to win the tennis game one day. That is ________ he has been practicing hard.A. whyB. howC. becauseD. where9. The police are desperate to find ________ is of use to help them find the murderer.A. wheneverB. whicheverC. whomeverD. whatever10. ________ made the cat truly remarkable was ________ it should walk 200 miles home after disappearing on a family road trip eight weeks earlier.A. That; thatB. Which; whyC. What; thatD. What; because11. The reason why I like reading travel journals is ________ they offer the vivid pictures of some world-famous scene spots.A. whyB. whereC. thatD. how12. —These days I feel exhausted and lack strength.—That's ________ too much drinking and poor diet lead.A. whatB. whichC. to whichD. where13. Failing for the first time has made him come to know ________ important a second chance is.A. whetherB. howC. whatD. why14. —I fell sick!—I think it is ________ you are doing too much.A. whyB. whenC. whatD. because15. When and why he came have ________ yet.A. is not knownB. are not knownC. has not knownD. have not been known1. 【答案】D【解析】句意:三天的等待之后,Jake有点怀疑警察是否能找到他丢失的车子。