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1-2 XUANXUANHello everyone, today I want to show you a part of how the earth was made, and mainly talk about Yellowstone.As continents shift and clash, volcanoes erupt, and glaciers grow and recede, the Earth’s crust is carved in countless fascinating ways, leaving a trail of geological mysteries behind. And one of the greatest is Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming. This is one of the world’s most geologically active places, shaken by up to 5000 earthquakes every year, and with more geysers and hot springs than in the rest of the world combined.Scientists studying Yellowstone are uncovering a violent past. Carved water, crushed by ancient glaciers and blasted by the biggest volcanic eruptions ever known on the planet. And even today, Yellowstone is one of the most dangerous places on Earth.3 LAOCAOYellowstone is one of the most amazing places on Earth, and it’s unique. It contains some of America’s most stunning scenery and wildlife.Yellowstone is the world’s first national park which is in the northw estern corner of Wyoming and overlaps into Montana and Idaho. The park covers 3468 square miles, 63 miles north to south and 54 miles east to west. It’s a very unusual geology that created the park.Hundreds of species of mammals, birds, fish and reptiles have been documented, including several that are either endangered or threatened. The vast forests and grasslands also include unique species of plants. Yellowstone Park is the largest and most famous megafauna location in the Continental United States. Grizzly Bears, wolves, and free-ranging herds of bison and elk live in the park.\Old Faithful is the star attraction of Yellowstone. It’s one of the most predictable geographical features on Earth , erupting almost 91 minutes.Beneath Old Faithful is a rather complex plumbing system, filled with caverns and conduits and constrictions. Rainwater saturating the ground around the geyser slowly fills its underground reservoir. Hot rocks below ground heat the water under pressure for around 90 minutes. Suddenly some water spurts through a tiny, five inch wide crack in the rocks. This causes a drop in the pressure within the water chamber. In a instant, thousands of gallons of water are turned to steam and blasted up into the air.The gases come out from the geysers is the same mix that is found coming out of volcanoes. So gases are clear evidence that under the springs and geysers is a volcano. Yellowstone must be powered by the heat of the volcano.People can’t see a smo king volcano or a big steep volcanic crater. But where is the volcano? Scientists find out evidences to show us that Yellowstone is the super volcano.The black layer that geologists call “obsidian” is actually a type of glass. It’s crucial evidence that the rocks and soil here came out of a volcano. Because of obsidian is forged when boiling hot ash and gas rapidly cool under great pressure. And that’s just what happens when hot volcano clouds roll out across the landscape.There is one way that so much ash could have been blasted so very far away from its source. The eruption must have been larger, far larger than anything ever seen by man.Scientists now label it as a super eruption.The geologists have recreated what must have happened here one the day Yellowstone exploded.Incandescent avalanches of ash raced out of the park in all directions. They travelled at very high velocity, easily over 100 miles per hour, across the land surface and obliterating everything in its path. It was extremely hot when it arrived here as hot as 1500 degrees Fahrenheit.11-13 3PAOAll of the evidences about the size of the super eruption help solve the mystery of the missing volcano. Scientists realized that the super eruption was so enormous that it must have blown the volcano to pieces.The repeated hotspot explosions on land have made Yellowstone unique. Each of the earlier explosions blew the original mountains to pieces. Then the land smoothed over with later flows of more runny lava that was released from deep under the Earth’s crust.Multiple strands of evidence combine to reveal Yellowstone’s slumbering monster , the gigantic hotspot plume lying under the park.On the timescale that the geologists work to, a coming super eruption in Yellowstone may will be right around the corner. That corner could be 10,000 or 100,000 years in the future. Or it could be tomorrow.A new and devastating chapter in the ever changing story of how the Earth was made.。
四级口语情景对话模拟（不局限于这四个情景，仅作为示例）情景一：在图书馆预订图书你和朋友在图书馆学习时，突然想到一个重要的参考书籍，但是并没有找到。
你们决定咨询图书馆员，预订这本书。
A: 图书馆员B: 你和朋友A：请问有什么可以帮助你们的吗？B：我们在这里学习，但是我们需要一本参考书。
我们找遍了书架，但是没有找到。
A：哦，很抱歉。
可能有人预约了这本书。
您可以给我这本书的相关信息吗？B：当然！书名是《xxx》，作者是xxx。
出版社是xxx，出版日期是xxx。
A：好的，我会为你们预约这本书，预计大概需要一周的时间。
您可以留下你们的联系方式吗？B：没问题。
我可以给你我的手机号码和邮箱地址。
A：好的，收到了。
一旦这本书到了，我会通过短信和邮件通知你的。
B：谢谢你的帮助！A：不客气，祝你们学习愉快！情景二：预约餐厅你和家人在周末计划外出用餐，但是想避免排队等候。
你决定提前打电话预约餐厅。
A: 餐厅服务员B: 你A：餐厅，您好！B：您好！我想预约晚上6点的用餐时间，可以吗？A：非常抱歉，晚上6点的时间已经被预订满了。
我可以为您预约晚上8点的时间，您觉得可以吗？B：好的，那就8点吧。
A：请问您需要预订几位呢？B：我们一共四个人。
A：好的，我会将您的预约记录下来。
请问您的名字和联系方式是什么？B：我姓XXX，联系方式是XXX。
A：好的，我们会为您准备好桌子。
到时候您只需要告诉工作人员您的名字就可以了。
B：谢谢您的帮助！A：不客气，请您享受美食！情景三：租房咨询你正在寻找新的住处，你通过电话咨询一位中介关于一个公寓的详细情况。
A: 中介B: 你A：您好，请问有什么可以帮助您的吗？B：我对你们公司的一个公寓感兴趣。
我想了解一下详情。
A：好的，请告诉我公寓的具体位置和房屋类型。
B：这个公寓位于市中心，是一套两室一厅的房子。
A：这套房子的面积是多大呢？B：大约80平米左右。
A：嗯，这个区域的交通情况如何呢？B：附近有公交站和地铁站，交通比较方便。
英语口语考试对话模板以下是一个英语口语考试对话模板，供您参考：Interviewer: "Good morning, could you please introduce yourself?"Candidate: "Good morning, my name is [Your Name], and I am a [Your Age] year old student from [Your School]. My major is [Your Major], and I am also interested in [Your Hobbies/Other Subjects]."Interviewer: "Great, thank you for introducing yourself. Could you please tell me about your experience in English learning?"Candidate: "Sure, I have been learning English for [Your English Learning Years] years. I have taken various courses, including [Your English Course Names], and I have also participated in many English speaking activities, such as [Your English Speaking Activities]. Through these experiences, I have developed my listening, speaking, reading and writing skills."Interviewer: "That sounds impressive. Could you please tell me about a time when you used English in a real-world situation?"Candidate: "Certainly. I once had to use English to communicate with a foreign customer while working as a [Your Job Title] at [Your Company Name]. We had a discussion about [The Topic of the Discussion], and I was able to use my language skills to understand his needs and provide him with a satisfactory answer."Interviewer: "That's a great example. Finally, could you please tell me about your future plans in terms of English learning and career development?"Candidate: "In the future, I plan to continue improving my English skills by参加更多的英语课程和活动. I also hope to use my language skills to pursue a career in [Your Dream Job Title], where I can use my language skills to communicate with people from different cultures and backgrounds."Interviewer: "Thank you for sharing your plans. We look forward to hearing more about your future achievements."Candidate: "Thank you for your time. I am excited about the opportunities to grow and develop in the future."。
英语口语对话万能模板英语口语对话在日常生活中是非常重要的，它可以帮助我们更好地与外国人交流，也可以提高我们的口语表达能力。
下面是一些常用的英语口语对话模板，希望对大家有所帮助。
1. 介绍自己。
A: Hi, I’m [Your Name]. What’s your name?B: Hi, I’m [Other Person’s Name]. Nice to meet you.A: Nice to meet you too.2. 询问对方的身份。
A: What do you do for a living?B: I’m a student/teacher/engineer, etc. How about you?A: I’m a student/teacher/engineer, etc.3. 询问对方的兴趣爱好。
A: What do you like to do in your free time?B: I like reading/watching movies/playing sports, etc. How about you?A: I like reading/watching movies/playing sports, etc.4. 邀请对方做某事。
A: Would you like to go to the movies with me this weekend?B: Sure, I’d love to. What time?A: How about 7 o’clock?5. 接受邀请。
A: Do you want to grab a cup of coffee with me?B: I’d love to, but I’m busy right now. How about tomorrow? A: Sounds good. See you tomorrow then.6. 拒绝邀请。
New Word Note天干：Heavenly（[ˈhevnli]） Stems（[stem]）地支：Earthly Branches天干地支：The Chinese Era[ˈɪərə]生肖：The animal sign of the Chinese Zodiac（[ˈzəʊdiæk]）中国传统的天干地支纪年法由十天干和十二地支依次相配，两者按固定的顺序互相配合而成，组成六十个基本单位。
The Chinese Era, also known as Stems-and-Branches, is a cyclic [ˈsaɪklɪk] numeral[ˈnju:mərəl] system of 60 combinations of the two basic[ˈbeɪsɪk] cycles—— the ten Heavenly Stemsand the twelve Earthly Branches [brɑ:ntʃ].在英语中，我们用天干地支的拼音来表示它们。
We express the Chinese Era with their Chinese phonetic [fəˈnetɪk] alphabet[ˈælfəbet].（中国拼音）天干有十个，表示五行的阴阳变化。
天干地支用于计算和记载数目的文字出现在中国古代，现代也经常用于等级的划分。
天干最晚在夏朝已经开始使用.Ten Heavenly stems are associated with the concepts of Yin-Yang and the Five Elements of natural（五行）. The ten Heavenly Stems and the twelve Earthly Branches are the elements of an ancient Chinese cyclic character numeral system.Heavenly stems were already in use during the Xia Dynasty[ˈdɪnəsti] at the latest and they are also used in classify the level now.地支有十二个，表示十二生肖，也代表着十二个月份。
商务英语口语情景对话情景一：商务会议A: Good morning everyone. Let’s start the meeting.B: Good morning. I have prepared a presentation on our new product launch.C: Sounds interesting. Could you please share it with us?B: Sure. Here are the details. First, we will target the young generation with our innovative design and technology.D: That sounds like a great idea. How about the pricing strategy?B: We will offer competitive prices to attract customers, but also ensure profitability.E: What about the marketing plan?B: We will utilize social media platforms and collaborate with influencers to create buzz around our product.F: Sounds like a solid plan. Let’s discuss the next steps and assign responsibilities.情景二：商务电话A: Hello, this is ABC Company. How can I assist you today?B: Hi, I am calling to inquire about the availability of your product.A: Sure, which specific product are you interested in?B: I am looking for your latest model XYZ.A: We currently have it in stock. How many units are you looking to purchase?B: I am interested in buying around 100 units. Could you please provide me with a quote?A: Of course. Let me check the current price for you.(After a brief pause)A: The price for 100 units of XYZ would be $X, including shipping.B: That sounds reasonable. Can you confirm the delivery time?A: It will take approximately 7-10 business days for the delivery.B: Perfect. Please proceed with the order.A: Great. I will email you the order confirmation shortly.情景三：商务旅行A: Good morning. I am here to check-in for my flight to Shanghai.B: Good morning. May I have your passport and flight details please?A: Sure. Here you go.B: Thank you. Here is your boarding pass. The flight will depart from gate E6.A: Thank you. What is the baggage allowance for this flight?B: You are allowed to take one carry-on bag weighing up to 7 kilograms, and one checked-in bag weighing up to 23 kilograms.A: Noted. Could you also assist me with a seat change request?B: Yes, of course. Let me check the availability.(After a brief pause)B: I can assign you a seat in an emergency exit row if you prefer extra legroom.A: That would be great. Thank you.B: You’re welcome. Enjoy your flight.。
Tom: Hey, Bob,what are you d oing?
Bob: I am playing game,call ed “Warcraft”
Mary：It seems you are very busy.
Bob: Yes,I always have no time to respond my companions in the game. John：Don’t worry, it will be achieved the interaction between human being and PC in future.
Mary：Can you say it in d etails?
John：British scientists are researching about the interactivity of connecting the real worl d and the virtual worl d. This technic can make your PC or game consol e d o the related responds through id entifying your expressions.
Tom: Woo,it is so cool.you know，School has ad d ed several new courses to our grad e this semester. I have more homework to do now.
Mary：What's your favorite course,Bob?
Bob: I like science most.
John：Science? That's a surprise.
Bob: Surprise?
Tom: We thought you woul d like PE.
Bob: I d o like PE, but I am interested in science.
Mary：What about you，Tom？
Tom: My favorite course is science ,too. Through this course, I can l earn more about the world around us cl early.and there is no d oubt that science development make our life more col orful.
Mary: But as i know,science d evelopment not always brings the good news . Bob: Why are you say that ?
Mary: You know,With the d evelopment of science,it also brings peopl e some environmental pollution.Such as electronic pollution,space pollution,light pollution and so on......
Tom: I d o agree with you,but i al so believe that the prospects of science d evel opment are brightening.,science technol ogy can d eal with these environmental pollution which brings by science d evel opment.
John：It seems that you know a l ot about science ,Your parents woul d be happy if they knew that. Because you are always a naughty boy.
Tom: Naughty? I'm just cl ever. And I wish i coul d be a person like Dennis Hutton someday.Do you know about Dennis Hutton, the scientist?
Mary:I know. A inventer and physicist, the son of a farmworker.
Bob: He graduated at 17 with the first class degree in physics and mathematics. He mad e his first not abl e achievement at the age of 18. It was a method of refrigeration which rolls from his work in l ow temperature physics.
Mary:He became professor of mathematics at the University of Manchester at 24, where he remained for twelve years. During that time, he married one of his stud ents.
John：wow. Anything else?
Bob: Later working together in Lond on, they laid the foundations of mod ern physics by showing that normal laws of cause and effect d o not apply at the l evel of subatomic particles. For this he and his wife received the Nobel Prize for physics in 1910 .
John：But I have heard that he had went to America ,so when did he go to America?
Tom:Let me see. In 1920 he went to teach in New York and died there sudd enly after only three weeks. In his lifetime, Hutton patented 244 inventions.
Mary:what a great scientists he is ! I’m sure that Scientists like him will speed up the process of the worl d. Let’s l ook forward to it.
Bob: I really anticipate it very much!
John：Tom,we all expect to hear your good news of being a scientist like Dennis Hutton,maybe someday we will be proud of you .
Tom:I hope I will not disappoint all of you .but the most important thing is shall we have lunch now ? It’s already 12 o’cl ock and I am really hungry.
Bob: Ok ,let’s go.。
