2014年山东大学翻译硕士考研真题解析

山东大学翻译硕士考研真题山东大学翻译硕士考研真题百科词条1、尼罗河2、战略伙伴关系3、四大菩萨4、十字军5、中亚五国6、日心说7、元素周期律8、丝绸之路经济带9、金字塔10、APEC11、金砖四国12、九大行星13、六部（唐朝）14、牡丹亭15、东盟16、IS17、南北战争18、二十八宿19、《俄狄浦斯王》20、“三一律”21、“新寓言”派22、《菊与刀》23、北约24、苏辛25、《说文解字》应用文是写一则消息（新闻）大作文是“让失去变得可爱”为题目翻译真题1、Bogor Goals2、FTAAP3、zero-sum game4、ALS5、NASA6、genomic variation7、ozone depletion8、sinology9、bitcoin10、UNCED11、Paparazzi12、amino acid13、Digital divide14、Existentialism15、Silver-spoon kids1)十八届四中全会2)亚太经合组织3)互联互通4)量化宽松政策5)公使衔参赞6)埃博拉病毒7)自闭症8)防空识别区9)负面清单10)房产税11)专利技术12)和而不同13)地沟油14)真人秀15)逆袭英译汉是：关于环境立法之类的汉译英是：孟子的“四端”《中庸》，恻隐之心，礼义廉耻之类的，价值观专业课复习方法对于报考本专业的考?来说，由于已经有了本科阶段的专业基础和知识储备，相对会?较容易进?状态。

但是，这类考?最容易产?轻敌的?理，因此也需要对该学科能有?个清楚的认识，做到知?知彼。

跨专业考研或者对考研所考科?较为陌?的同学，则应该快速建?起对这?学科的认知构架，第?轮下来能够把握该学科的宏观层?与整体构成，这对接下来具体?丰富地掌握各个部分、各个层?的知识具有全局和?向性的意义。

做到这?点的好处是节约时间，尽快进??个陌?领域并找到状态。

很多初?陌?学科的同学会经常把注意?放在细枝末节上，往往是浪费了很多时间还未找到该学科的核?，同时缺乏对该学科的整体认识。

2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业硕士学位联考英语试卷Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Thinner isn’t always better. A number of studies have _1_ that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually _2_. For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. _3_, among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an _4_ of good health.Of even greater _5_ is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often _6_body mass index, or BIMI _7_ body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BIMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight. Between 25 to 30 is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity, _8_ can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese.While such numerical standards seem _9_, they are not. Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat. Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit. _10_ others with a low BMI may be in poor _11_. For example, many collegiate and professional football players _12_ as obese, though their percentage body fat is low. Conversely, someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a _13_ BMI.Today we have a(n) _14_ to label obesity as a disgrace. The overweight are sometimes _15_ in the media with their faces covered. Stereotypes _16_ with obesity include laziness, lack of will power, and lower prospects for success. Teachers, employers, and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese. _17_ very young children tend to look down on the overweight, and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools.Negative attitudes toward obesity, _18_ in health concerns have stimulated a number of anti-obesity _19_, My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks from its facilities. Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives, Michelle Obama has launched a high-visibility campaign _20_ childhood obesity, even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat!1. [A] denied [B] conduced [C] doubled [D] ensured2. [A] protective [B] dangerous [C] sufficient [D]troublesome3. [A] Instead [B] However [C] Likewise [D] Therefore4. [A] indicator [B] objective [C] origin [D] example5. [A] impact [B] relevance [C] assistance [D] concern6. [A] in terms of [B] in case of [C] in favor of [D] in respects of7. [A] measures [B] determines [C] equals [D] modifies8. [A] in essence [B] in contrast [C] in turn [D] in part9. [A] complicated [B] conservative [C] variable [D] straightforward10. [A] so [B] unlike [C] since [D] unless11. [A] shape [B] spirit [C] balance [D] taste12. [A] start [B] quality [C] retire [D] stay13. [A] strange [B] changeable [C] normal [D] constant14. [A] option [B] reason [C] opportunity [D] tendency15. [A] employed [B] pictured [C] imitated [D] monitored16. [A] compared [B] combined [C] settled [D] associated17. [A] Even [B] Still [C] Yet [D] Only18. [A] despised [B] corrected [C] ignored [D] grounded19. [A] discussions [B] businesses [C] policies [D] studies20. [A] for [B] against [C] with [D] withoutSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1What would you do with $559m? This is now a question for Gloria Mackenzie, an 84-year-old widow who recently emerged from her small, un-roofed house in Florida to collect the biggest undivided lottery jackpot in history. If she hopes her new-found fortune will yield lasting feelings or fulfillment. She could do worse than read Happy Money by Elizabeth Dunn and Michael Norton.These two academics use an array of behavioral research to show that the most rewarding ways to spend money can be counterintuitive. Fantasies of great wealth often involve visions of fancy cars and extravagant homes. Yet satisfaction with these maternal purchases wears off fairly quickly. What was Once exciting and new becomes old hat; regret creeps in, It is far better to spend money on experiences, say Ms Dun and Mr. Norton, like interesting trips, unique meals or even going to the cinema. These purchases often become more valuable with time–as stones or memories-particularly if they involve feeling more connected toothers.This slim volume is packed with tips to help wage slaves as well as lottery winners get the most “happiness bang for your buck.”It seems most people would be better off if they could shorten their commutes to work, spend more time with friends and family and less of it watching television (something the average American spends a whopping two months a year doing, and is hardly jollier for it). Buying gifts or giving to charity is often more pleasurable than purchasing things for oneself, and luxuries are most enjoyable when they are consumed sparingly. This is apparently the reason McDonald’s restricts the availability of its popular McRib-a marketing trick that has turned the pork sandwich into an object of obsession.Readers of Happy Money are clearly a privileged lot, anxious about fulfilment, not hunger. Money may not quite buy happiness, but people in wealthier countries are generally happier than those in poor ones. Yet the link between feeling good and spending money on others can be seen among rich and poor people around the world. and scarcity enhances the pleasure of most things for most people. Not everyone will agree with the authors’ policy ideas, which range from mandating more holiday time to reducing tax incentives for American homebuyers, But most people will come away from this book believing it was money well spent.21. According to Dumn and Norton, which of the following is the most rewarding purchase?[A] A big house.[B] A special tour.[C] A stylish car.[D] A rich meal.22. The author’s attitude toward Americans’ watching TV is.[A] critical[B] supportive[C] sympathetic[D] ambiguous23. Macrib is mentioned in paragraph 3 to show that .[A] consumers are sometimes irrational[B] popularity usually comes after quality[C] marketing tricks are after effective[D] rarity generally increases pleasure24. According to the last paragraph, Happy Money .[A] has left much room for readers’ criticism[B] may prove to be a worthwhile purchase[C] has predicted a wider income gap in the us[D] may give its readers a sense of achievement25. This text mainly discusses how to .[A] balance feeling good and spending money[B] spend large sums of money won in lotteries[C] obtain lasting satisfaction from money spent[D] become more reasonable in spending on luxuriesText 2An article in Scientific American has pointed out that empirical research says that, actually, you think you're more beautiful than you are. We have a deep-seated need to feel good about ourselves and we naturally employ a number of self-enhancing (to use the psychological terminology) strategies to achieve this. Social psychologists have amassed oceans of research into what they call 70% of us rate ourselves as above average in leadership, 93% in driving (across the ages and genders ) and 85% at getting on well others-all obviously statistical impossibilities.We rose-tint our memories and put ourselves into self-affirming situations. We become defensive when criticized, and apply negative stereotypes to others to boost our own esteem. We strut around thinking we’re hot stuff.Psychologist and behavioral scientist Nicholas Epley oversaw a key study into self-enhancement and attractiveness. Rather than have people simply rate their beauty compared with others, he asked them to identify an original photograph of themselves from a lineup including versions that had been morphed to appear more and less attractive. Visual recognition, reads the study, is “an automatic psychological process, occurring rapidly and intuitively with little or no apparent conscious deliberation”.If the subjects quickly chose a falsely flattering image-which most did-they genuinely believed it was really how they looked.Epley found no significant gender difference in responses. Nor was there any evidence that those who self-enhanced the most (that is, the participants who thought the most positively doctored pictures were real) were doing so to make up for profound insecurities. In fact, those who thought that the images higher up the attractiveness scale were real directly corresponded with those who showed other markers for having higher self-esteem. “I don’t think the findings that we have are any evidence of personal delusion,”says Epley. “It’s a reflection simply of people generally thinking well of themselves.” If you are depressed, you won’t be self-enhancing.Knowing the results of Eplet’s study, it makes sense that manypeople hate photographs of themselves so viscerally — on one level, they don’t even recognize the person in the picture as themselves. Facebook, therefore, is a self-enhancer’s paradise, where people can share only the flukiest of flattering photos, the cream of their wit style Beauty, intellect and lifestyles. It’s not that people’s profiles are dishonest, says Catalina Toma of Wisconsin-Madison University, “but they portray an idealized version of themselves”. (People are much more likely to out-and-out lie on dating websites, to an audience of strangers.)26. According to the first paragraph, social psychologists have found that .[A] our self-ratings are unrealistically high[B] illusory superiority is baseless effect[C] our need for leadership is unnatural[D] self-enhancing strategies are ineffective27. Visual recognition is believed to be people’s .[A] rapid watching[B] conscious choice[C] intuitive response[D] automatic self-defense28. Epley found that people with higher self-esteem tended to .[A] underestimate their insecurities[B] believe in their attractiveness[C] cover up their depressions[D] oversimplify their illusions29. The word “viscerally” (Line 2, Para.6) is closest in meaning to .[A] instinctively[B] occasionally[C] particularly[D] aggressively30. It can be inferred that Facebook is self-enhancer’s paradise because people can .[A] present their dishonest profiles[B] define their traditional life styles[C] share their intellectual pursuits[D] withhold their unflattering sidesText 3The concept of man versus machine is at least as old as the industrial revolution, but this phenomenon tends to be most acutely felt during economic downturns and fragile recoveries. And yet, it would be a mistake to think we are right now simply experiencing the painful side ofa boom and bust cycle. Certain jobs have gone away for good, outmoded by machines. Since technology has such an insatiable appetite for eating up human jobs, this phenomenon will continue to restructure our economy in ways we can’t immediately foresee.When there is exponential improvement in the price and performance of technology, jobs that were once thought to be immune from automation suddenly become threatened. This argument has attracted a lot of attention, via the success of the book Race against the Machine, by Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee, who both hail from MIT’s Center for Digital Business.This is a powerful argument, and a scary one. And yet, John Hagel, author of The Power of Pull and other books, says Brynjolfsson and McAfee miss the reason why these jobs are so vulnerable to technology in the first place.Hagel says we have designed jobs in the U.S. that tend to be “tightly scripted”and “highly standardized”ones that leave no room for “individual initiative or creativity.” In short, these are the types of jobs that machines can perform much better at than human beings. That is how we have put a giant target sign on the backs of American workers, Hagel says.It’s time to reinvent the formula for how work is conducted, sincewe are still relying on a very 20th century notion of work, Hagel says. In our rapidly changing economy, we more than ever need people in the workplace who can take initiative and exercise their imagination “to respond to unexpected events.”That’s not something machines are good at. They are designed to perform very predictable activities.As Hagel notes, Brynjolfsson and McAfee indeed touched on this point in their book. We need to reframe race against the machine as race with the machine. In other words, we need to look at the ways in which machines can augment human labor rather than replace it. So then the problem is not really about technology, but rather, “how do we innovate our institutions and our work practices?”31. According to the first paragraph, economic downturns would .[A] ease the competition of man vs. machine[B] highlight machines’ threat to human jobs[C] provoke a painful technological revolution[D] outmode our current economic structure32. The authors of Race Against the Machine argue that .[A] technology is diminishing man’s job opportunities[B] automation is accelerating technological development[C] certain jobs will remain intact after automation[D] man will finally win the race against machine33. Hagel argues that jobs in the U.S. are often .[A] performed by innovative minds[B] scripted with an individual style[C] standardized without a clear target[D] designed against human creativity34. According to the last paragraph, Brynjolfsson and McAfee discussed .[A] the predictability of machine behavior in practice[B] the formula for how work is conducted efficiently[C] the ways machines replace human labor in modern times[D] the necessity of human involvement in the workplace35. Which of the following could be the most appropriate title for the text?[A] How to Innovate Our Work Practices[B] Machines will Replace Human Labor[C] Can We Win the Race Against Machines[D] Economic Downturns Stimulate InnovationsText 4When the government talks about infrastructure contributing to the economy the focus is usually on roads, railways, broadband and energy.Housing is seldom mentioned.Why is that? To some extent the housing sector must shoulder the blame. We have not been good at communicating the real value that housing can contribute to economic growth. Then there is the scale of the typical housing project. It is hard to jostle for attention among multibillion-pound infrastructure projects, so it is inevitable that the attention is focused elsewhere. But perhaps the most significant reason is that the issue has always been so politically charged. This government does not want to see a return to large-scale provision of council housing, so it is naturally wary of measures that will lead us down that route.Nevertheless, the affordable housing situation is desperate. Waiting lists increase all the time and we are simply not building enough new homes.The comprehensive spending review offers an opportunity for the government to help rectify this. It needs to put historical prejudices to one side and take some steps to address our urgent housing need.There are some indications that it is preparing to do just that. The communities minister, Don Foster, has hinted that George Osborne may introduce more flexibility to the current cap on the amount that local authorities can borrow against their housing stock debt. The cap, introduced in 2012 as part of the Housing Revenue Account reform, hasbeen a major issue for the sector. Evidence shows that 60,000 extra new homes could be built over the next five years if the cap were lifted, increasing GDP by 0.6%.Ministers should also look at creating greater certainty in the rental environment, which would have a significant impact on the ability of registered providers to fund new developments from revenues.Finally, they should look at the way in which public sector land is released. Currently up-front payments are required, putting a financial burden on the housing provider. A more positive stimulus would be to encourage a system where the land is made available and maintained as a long-term equity stake in the project.But it is not just down to the government. While these measures would be welcome in the short term, we must face up to the fact that the existing £4.5bn programme of grants to fund new affordable housing, set to expire in 2015, is unlikely to be extended beyond then. The Labour party has recently announced that it will retain a large part of the coalition's spending plans if it returns to power. The housing sector needs to accept that we are very unlikely to ever return to the era of large-scale public grants. We need to adjust to this changing climate. This means that affordable housing specialists like Wates Living Space have to create a whole new way of working in partnership with registered providers. Wehave to be prepared to take on more of the risk during the development phase, driving down the cost to deliver high-quality affordable housing and, most importantly, developing alternative funding models to help achieve this.While the government's commitment to long-term funding may have changed, the very pressing need for more affordable housing is real and is not going away. The comprehensive spending review provides the opportunity to start moving us in the right direction - stimulating investment in new supply and quickly delivering tangible benefits to local economies. It also helps create the space to develop a long-term sustainable strategy for housing.36. The author believes that the housing sector .[A] has attracted much attention[B] has lost its real value in economy[C] shoulders too much responsibility[D] involves certain political factors37. It can be learned that affordable housing has .[A] suffered government biases[B] increased its home supply[C] offered spending opportunities[D] disappointed the government38. According to Paragraph 5, George Osborne may .[A] prepare to reduce housing stock debt[B] release a lifted GDP growth forecast[C] allow greater government debt for housing[D] stop local authorities from building homes39. It can be inferred that a stable rental environment would .[A] lower the costs of registered providers[B] relieve the minister of responsibilities[C] contribute to funding new developments[D] lessen the impact of government interference40. The author believes that after 2015, the government may .[A] implement more policies to support housing[B] stop generous funding to the housing sector[C] renew the affordable housing grants programme[D] review the need for large-scale public grantsPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer questions by finding information from the right column that corresponds to each of the marked detailsgiven in the left column. There are two extra choices in the left column. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Emerging in the late Sixties and reaching a peak in the Seventies, Land Art was one of a range of new forms, including Body Art, Performance Art, Action Art and Installation Art, which pushed art beyond the traditional confines of the studio and gallery. Rather than portraying landscape, land artists used the physical substance of eland itself as their medium.The British land artist, typified by Richard Long’s piece, was not only more domestically scaled, but a lot quirkier than its American counterpart. Indeed, while you might assume that an exhibition of Land Art would consist only of records of works rather than the works themselves, Long’s photograph of his work is the work. Since his “action” is in the past the photograph is its sole embodiment.That might seem rather an obscure point, but it sets the tone for an exhibition that contains a lot of black-and-white photographs and relatively few natural objects.Long is Britain’s best-known Land Artist and his Stone Circle, a perfect ring of purplish rocks from Portishead beach laid out on the gallery floor, represents the elegant, rarefied side of the form. The BoyleFamily, on the other hand, stands for its dirty, urban aspect. Comprising artists Mark Boyle and Joan Hills and their children, they recreated random sections of the British landscape on gallery walls. Their Olaf Street Study, a square of brick-strewn waste ground, is one of the few works here to embrace the mundanity that characterizes most of our experience of the landscape most of the time.Parks feature, particularly in the earlier works, such as John Hilliard’s very funny. Across the Park, in which a long-haired stroller is variously smiled at by a pretty girl and unwittingly assaulted in a sequence of images that turn out to be different parts of the same photograph.Generally however British land artists preferred to get away from towns, gravitating towards landscapes that are traditionally considered beautiful such as the Lake District or the Wiltshire Downs. While it probably wasn’t apparent at the time, much of this work is permeated by a spirit of romantic escapism that the likes of Wordsworth would have readily understood. Derek Jarman’s yellow-tinted film Towards Avebury, a collection of long, mostly still shots of the Wiltshire landscape, evokes a tradition of English landscape painting stretching from Samuel Palmer to Paul Nash.In the case of Hamish Fulton, you can’t help feeling that the Scottishartist has simply found a way of making his love of walking pay. A typical work, such as Seven Days, consists of a single beautiful black-and-white photograph taken on an epic walk, with the mileage and number of days taken listed beneath. British Land Art as shown in this well selected, but relatively modestly scaled exhibition wasn’t about imposing on the landscape, more a kind of landscape-orientated light conceptual art created passing through. It had its origins in the great outdoors, but the results were as gallery-bound as the paintings of Turner and Constable.Section III Translation46. Directions:Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)Most people would define optimism as being endlessly happy, with a glass that’s perpetually half full. But that’s exactly the kind of false cheerfulness that positive psychologists wouldn’t recommend. “Healthy optimism means being in touch with reality,”says Tal Ben-Shahar, a Harvard professor. According to Ben-Shahar, realistic optimists are those who make the best of things that happen, but not those who believe everything happens for the best.Ben-Shahar uses three optimistic exercises. When he feels down- say, after giving a bad lecturehe grants himself permission to be human. He reminds himself that not every lecture can be a Nobel winner; some will be less effective than others. Next is reconstruction. He analyzes the weak lecture, learning lessons for the future about what works and what doesn’t. Finally, there is perspective, which involves acknowledging that in the grand scheme of life, one lecture really doesn’t matter.Section IV WritingPart A47. Directions:Suppose you are going to study abroad and share an apartment with John,a local student. Write him an email to1) tell him about your living habits, and2) ask for advice about living there.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming”instead.Do not write your address. (10 points)Part B48. Directions:Write an essay based on the following chart. In your essay, you should1) interpret the chart, and2) give your comments.You should write at least 150 words.Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业硕士学位联考英语试卷答案Section I Use of English1. [B] concluded2. [A] protective3. [C] Likewise4. [A] indicator5. [D] concern6. [A] in terms of7. [C] equals8. [C] in turn9. [D] straightforward10. [B] while11. [A] shape12.[B] quality13. [C] normal14. [D] tendency15. [B] pictured16. [D] associated17. [A] Even18. [D] grounded19. [C] policies20. [B] againstSection II Reading Comprehension21. According to Dumn and Norton, which of the following is the most rewarding purchase?[B]A special tour22. The author’s attitude toward Americans’ watching TV is[A]critical23. Macrib is mentioned in paragraph 3 to show that[D]rarity generally increases pleasure24. According to the last paragraph, Happy Money[B]may prove to be a worthwhile purchase25. This text mainly discusses how to26. According to the first paragraph, social psychologist have found that ______.[A] our self-ratings are unrealistically high27. Visual recognition is believed to be people’s______[C] intuitive response28. Epley found that people with higher self-esteem tended to______[B] believe in their attractiveness29. The word "Viscerally"(Line 2,para.5) is closest in meaning to_____.[A]instinctively30. It can be inferred that Facebook is self-enhancer’s paradise because people can _____.[D] withhold their unflattering sides31. According to the first paragraph, economic downturns would _____.[B]highlight machines’ threat to human jobs32. The authors of Race Against the Machine argue that _____.[A]technology is diminishing man’s job opportunities33. Hagel argues that jobs in the U.S. are often _____.[D]designed against human creativity34. According to the last paragraph, Brynjolfsson and McAfee discussed _____.[D] the formula for how work is conducted efficiently35. Which of the following could be the most appropriate title for the text?[C]Can We Win the Race Against Machines36. The author believes that the housing sector______.[D]involves certain political factors37. It can be learned that affordable housing has_____.[A]suffered government biases38. According to Paragraph 5, George Osborne may _____.[C]allow greater government debt for housing39. It can be inferred that a stable rental environment would _____.[C]contribute to funding new developments40. The author believes that after 2015, the government may _____.[B]stop generous funding to the housing sector41.Stone Cirele[D]represents the elegance of the British land art.42.Olaf Street Study[E]depicts the ordinary side of the British land art.43.Across the Park[G]contains images from different parts of the same photograph.44.Towards Avebury[C]reminds people of the English landscape painting tradition.45.Seven Days[A]originates from a long walk that the artist took.Section III Translation大多数人认为乐观主义就是无休止的开心，就像在看到一个装了一半水的杯子的时候，会认为还差半杯就满了，而非空了一半。

基础英语（一）语言学对定义给出评论1.reference语篇分析里的指代nguage origin给的定义是语言起源于对动物声音的模仿。

3.sentence4suprasegmental feature二 onsetcombination里的组合规则，给了你三组词，让你说出每组词里的组合规则，2.画树形图。

给出的句子是Can you eat it？要求把can的位置转换用箭头标出来。

三.Pair的定义和区分1.bound morpheme and free morpheme2.error and mistake四.ambiguitycan happen at both lexical level and structural level.进行展开说明（二）美国文学一.作品对应作家1.ThePathfinder—James Fenimore Cooper2.TheConfidence Man—Herman Melville3.Out ofthe Cradle Endlessly Rocking—WaltWhitman4.TheTitan—Theodore Dreiser5.CivilDisobedience—Henry David Thoreau6.Tenderis the Night—F.Scott.Fitzgerald7.GoDown,Moses—William Faulkner8.LookHomeward,Angle—Thomas Wolfe9.TheCall of the Wild—Jack London二.Term1.parody2.imagism三.辨认作品及分析The Waste Land“The Burial of the Dead”“Unreal CityUnder the brown fog of a winter dawn,A crowd flowed over London Bridge,so many,I had not thought death had undone so many.”四.Make a commenton the love and the war in A Farewell toArms（三）英国文学一.作品对应作家1.ParadiseRegained—John Milton2.JonathanWild—Henry Fielding3.Ode ona Grecian Urn—John Keats4.MaryBarton—Charlotte Bronte5.MajorBarbara—George Bernard Shaw6.Jude ofObscure—Thomas Hardy7.Lines Composeda Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey—WilliamWordsworth8.ThePortrait of a Young Artist—JamesJoyce10.TheRape of Lucrece—William Shakespeare二.Term1.sentimentalism2.terzarima三.辨认作品及分析When the stars threw down their spears,And water'd heaven with their tears,Did He smile his work to see?Did He who made the Lamb make thee?WilliamBlake“The Tiger”四.为什么《名利场》的副标题是“A Novel without a Hero”实践英语作文是TheAttitudes towards Ups and Downs of Life二外法语四.法译汉题目是TheAllocation Famille,关于法国及欧洲为什么独生子女家庭居多的原因五.汉译法1.在当今社会广告已经成为了人们生活中的一部分，因此很难分清它的好坏利弊。

育明教育-山东大学翻译硕士最权威考研辅导机构2010年真题（原题）翻译硕士英语一、作文中国有几百万辆政府用车，已经成为财政上的巨大负担。

据此写一篇400词的英语议论文。

(当然题目是英文）二、翻译基础英翻汉15个：涉及面较广，比如APEC，de facto等汉翻英15个：同上，比如全国人民代表大会，售后服务等英译汉：第一篇关于企业管理与先进科技的，第二篇关于领导才能。

基本没有很难的词汇。

汉译英：关于教育带动周围一系列产业。

汉语写作与百科知识一、名词解释：给出一段话，然后对应几个选择题。

1、1~5题：古代尚黄，黄色常常被视为君权的象征，这首先起源于古代农业民族敬土思想。

安阴阳学说，黄色在五行中为土，这种土是居于宇宙中央的“中央土”，故在五行中，“土为尊”。

此后这种思想又于儒家大一统思想柔和在一起，认为以汉族为主体的统一王朝就是这样一个处于“中央土”的帝国，而有别于周围的“四夷”，这样“黄色"通过土就与“正统”，“尊崇”联系起来，为君主的统治提供了“合理性”的论证。

再加上古代又有“龙战于野，其血玄黄”的说法，而君主又以龙为象征，黄色与君主就发生了更为直接的联系。

这样，黄色就象征着君权神授，神圣不可侵犯。

周代以黄钺为天子权利象征，隋代以后皇帝要穿黄龙袍，黄色成为君主独占的御用颜色。

1.阴阳，古代以何为阴，何为阳？答案选择：剧烈运动着的、外向的、上升的、温热的、明亮的，都属于阳；相对静止着的、内守的、下降的、寒冷、晦暗的，都属于阴。

2.四夷包括什么？答案：东夷、西戎、南蛮、北狄。

3.黄钺的形状像什么？答案：斧4.隋朝持续了多少年？答案：38年5.五行相克指的是：答案：木克土，土克水，水克火，火克金，金克木2、6~15 题，一个关于乒乓球外交的，题目包括：6.罗斯福就任了几届美国总统？答案：2届7.1972年访华，中美关系开始正常化的美国总统是谁？答案：尼克松8.貌似还有一个说“小球带动大球”，这里面乒乓球的第一届冠军是谁？9.美国宣布独立的时间：1776年10.封建王朝最后一个皇帝是谁：溥仪2014年翻译硕士视频课程+近三年真题+笔记+公共课阅卷人一对一指导=2500元7月1日前报名，8折优惠！8月1日前9折优惠！北大、北外、北师、首师大教授领衔辅导！2013年包揽北大、贸大、苏大、川外、北外、南大、西外翻译硕士考研状元！育明学员马林同学2014年育明教育推荐翻译硕士参考书说明：除了各个高校自己指定的参考书，以下参考书是实践中证明非常棒的参考书。

2014年山东大学翻译硕士（MTI）汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 名词解释5. 应用文写作8. 命题作文名词解释1．督脉正确答案：督脉：是中国传统医学中的奇经八脉之一，首见于《素问.骨空论》。

“督”有总揽之义，它是诸阳脉之纲，诸阳经均交会于此，故称为“诸阳之海”。

督脉主干起于小腹内，向后沿脊柱内上行，人脑，上头顶，由前额中间下行，至龈交穴止。

它与任脉、冲脉相通，又与足太阳、足少阴相合，与心、肾、脑联系。

2．天伦正确答案：天伦：一可指父子、兄弟等天然的亲属关系，如天伦之乐；二可指自然的道理、天理；三可指天然伦次，指兄弟。

3．晏子正确答案：晏子：即晏婴，字平仲，齐国夷维(今山东高密)人，是春秋时期著名政治家。

他曾在齐国为相，节俭力行、谦恭下士、勤于国事、政绩卓著，与管仲并称“管宴”。

后世常借以称美当朝重臣。

后人依托晏婴的言行编辑成《晏子春秋》。

4．《逍遥游》正确答案：《逍遥游》：是中国古代哲学家庄周的代表作《庄子》中的一篇，代表了庄子思想和学说的最高境界。

庄子借用大鹏和小鸠、大椿和朝菌的比喻，说明任何事物都不能超越自己本性和客观环境，论证了一切逍遥都是受客观条件制约的，反映了庄子对现实世界人与物、物与物相互联系的认识。

5．《兰亭集序》正确答案：《兰亭集序》：是晋代书法家王羲之所作，有“天下第一行书”之称，是中国晋代书法成就的代表。

王羲之与众多名流、文士在兰亭修禊宴聚，《兰亭集序》便是作者为与会者所作诗篇的集子撰写的序文。

文章描写兰亭明丽的春景及修禊聚会的盛况，转而兴怀世事、感慨生死，表现出作者对短暂人生的执着热爱与深切感伤。

6．岳飞正确答案：岳飞：字鹏举，谥武穆，后改谥忠武，南宋著名的抗金名将，中国历史上杰出的民族英雄。

因坚持抗金、反对议和，被秦桧等人以“莫须有”罪名诬陷谋害。

岳飞著有《岳忠武王集》，其中《满江红》尤为后世所传诵。

7．《掷铁饼者》正确答案：《掷铁饼者》：一是指公元前5世纪希腊现实主义的雕塑名作，是著名雕塑家米隆的代表作。

2014年山东科技大学357英语翻译基础考研真题(总分150,考试时间180分钟)词句翻译1. light heart2. milk the bull3. kill time4. the decimal system of counting5. fulfill our plan ahead of schedule6. fill someone with longing7. government aid8. a spring in every step9. a giant of a man10. the purchasing power11. 柳色青青12. 风姿翩翩13. 拉住我的胳膊14. 敌人的增援部队15. 人才外流16. 衣食住行17. 善与恶18. 工艺精湛19. 经贸领域20. 国际经济新秩序21. They worked out a new method by which production has now been rapidly increased.22. I believe strongly that it is in the interests of my countrymen that Britain should remain an active and energetic member of the European Community.23. Aluminum remained unknown until the nineteenth century, because nowhere in nature is it found free, owing to its always **bined with other elements.24. 中国是世界上最早的文明古国之一，对人类文化的发展，曾做出了不可磨灭的贡献。

25. 这家工厂大搞技术革新，充分利用当地资源，生产出大量的、多种多样的药品。

2014年山东大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Cloze 3. Reading Comprehension 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．Most good writers use every means at their______to make the reader’s way smooth and easy.A．willB．disposalC．requestD．convenience正确答案：B解析：固定搭配。

没有at one’s will的搭配，而是at will“任意，随意”；at one’s disposal“可自行支配”；at one’s request“应某人请求”；at one’s convenience“在某人方便时”。

根据句意，只有B项符合题意。

2．John was so______in his book that he did not hear the doorbell ring.A．engagedB．occupiedC．absorbedD．concentrated正确答案：C解析：近义词辨析。

absorbed“全神贯注的”，只用于表示精力的集中，多用作表语，有be absorbed in(全神贯注于)这样一个搭配；concentrated“决心要做的，全力以赴的，集中的，密集的，浓缩的”，多用作定语。

concentrated表示精力的集中之意时，侧重于表示决心。

根据句中的was so的结构，absorbed更符合句意。

故答案为C。

3．Too much______to X-rays can cause skin burns, cancer or other damage to the body.A．exposureB．disclosureC．contactD．connection正确答案：B解析：固定搭配。

乐学山东大学考研网
《2014山东大学813综合考试考研复习精编》
历年考研真题试卷
山东大学2007年招收硕士学位研究生入学考试试题
科目代码：813 科目名称：综合考试（文）
（答案必须写在答卷纸上，写在试卷上无效）
一、名词解释（20分）
1、语法意义
2、书面语
3、心理批评
4、作品
二、简答题（40分）
1、语言符号的特点。

2、划分音位的原则。

3、文学再现性质应从那些方面理解？
4、怎样理解滑稽？
三、论述题（40分）
1、在语言学中要区分语言义和言语义，分别说说语言义和言语义的性质。

2、文学与经济基础的关系。

四、文学评论（50分）
是摘自《八十年代访谈录》中对北岛的提问。

大概是：有人说，八十年代是一个理想主义，现代主义的时代，有很多作家在商业浪潮的冲击下都转文从商，……你说，一切都会在商业中消解……根据以上材料写一篇文学评论，不少于800字。