机械专业英语课件

Skimming
This skill allows readers to quickly scan through the text to get a general understanding of the content It is often used to identify key information or main ideas
Learning significance and purpose
Learning significance and purpose
Learning significance: Mastering mechanical English is of great significance for enhancing personal competitiveness, broadening international perspectives, and promoting academic exchanges.
PPT courseware for Mechanical Professional English
• Introduction to Mechanical Professional English
• Mechanical English Vocabulary • Mechanical English Reading and
Outline
Skimming through the text to identify key information or ideas and creating an outline to organize them This helps readers understand the structure of the article and how different ideas are connected

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❖ cumulative ['kjuːmjʊlətɪv]
❖ adj. 累积的
❖ cumulative error 累积误差 ; 积累误差 ; 累积差误 ❖ cumulative frequencies 累积频数 ; 累计频数 ❖ cumulative learning 累积学习
❖ dimensionless
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❖ uniaxial ❖ adj. 单轴（向）的，同轴的
念 ; 压力集中 ❖ axial stress 轴向应力 ; 轴应力 ; 多轴向应力 ❖ ; 热应力试验 ❖ stress corrosion 应力腐蚀 ; 超应力腐蚀 ; 应力腐化 ; 应 ❖ Stress ball 压力球 ; 减压球 ; 美国原装 ; 握力球 ❖ stress amplitude 应力幅 ; 应力幅值 ; 应力幅度 ; 应力振幅
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❖ quantity
❖ n. 参数，值；数量；总量
❖ physical quantity 物理量 ; 物理量 ; 实物量 ; 要的实物量 ❖ dimensionless quantity 无量纲量 ; 无因次量 ; 无因次值 ❖ average quantity 平均数量 ; 平均量 ; 均匀数量 ; 均匀数目 ❖ additional quantity 追加数量 ; 额外数量 ; 附加量 ❖ considerable quantity 大数量 ; 可观的
❖ magnitude
❖ n. 数量、数值；大小；量级
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❖ equilibrium ❖ n. 平衡；稳定；保持平衡的能力
❖ [,iːkwɪ'lɪbrɪəm]

1.There are two kinds of gun drills, namely, the center-cut gun drill used for drilling blind holes and the trepanning drill.
深孔钻分为两种，即用于钻削盲孔的中心钻和套孔 钻。
另一方面，直柄钻被固定到钻夹中，同理， 钻夹以与锥柄钻相同的方式固定到主轴孔中。
Paragraph 5
1.Twist drills are usually made of high-speed steel, although carbide-tipped drills are also available. The size of twist drills used in industrial range from 0.01 up to 3.25 in. (i.e., 0.25 up to 80 mm).
钻是利用绕轴旋转的钻头在工件上生成通孔或盲 孔的加工工艺。
2.Consequently, the range of cutting from that axis of rotation is equal to the radius of required hole.
因此，旋转轴的切削范围就等于所钻孔的半径。
2.This type of drill may have either three or four flutes and equal number of margins, which ensure superior guidance, thus resulting in high machining accuracy.这种类型的钻具有三个或四个出屑槽以及 相同数量的刃带，这些可确保准确的导向，从而获 得较高的机加工精度。

tracing and duplicating lathes, (4) single-spindle 转塔车床没有尾架和丝杠，而在尾架的位置上装有一 automatic lathes, (5) multi-spindle automatic lathes, (6) 个装有一个能纵向移动多任务位主切削刀架（如：转 shapers and planers, (7) boring machines. 塔刀架、回轮刀架），另外还具有辅助刀架（如：前、 后刀架），能完成卧式车床上的各种加工工序。是一 本质上，使用单刃刀具切削的机床包括： 种多刀、多任务位加工的高效机床，加工效率比卧式 (1)普通车床；(2)转塔车床；(3)仿形车床； 车床高2~3倍。转塔车床的调整需花费较多时间，适合 于成批生产。 (4)单轴自动车床；(5)多轴自动车床；(6) 此外，转塔车床刀架的纵横向进给设有撞停定程 牛头刨床和龙门刨床；(7)镗床。 装置，可自动控制铬镍钢件尺寸，保证成批工件尺寸 课文分析 的一致性，能自动实现机床的变速预选、进给量改变
主轴箱：电机---齿轮变速---主轴
尾座：锥孔+顶尖 导轨：平、燕尾 刀架：中拖板（流板箱）作横向进给，大拖板作纵向移动 丝杠：加工螺纹
光杠：切削外圆、端面
预备知识
机械工程专业英语
二、词汇
Lesson 24 Lathes
engine lathe 普通车床 turrent lathe 转塔车床 tracing and duplicating lathe 仿形车床 single-spindle automatic lathe 单轴自动车床 multi-spindle automatic lathe 多轴自动车床 shape 牛头刨床 cylindrical grinder 外圆磨床 planer 龙门刨床 centreless grinder 无心磨床 surface grinder 平面磨床 boring machine 镗床 drilling machine 钻床 milling machine 铣床 broaching machine 拉床 sawing machine 锯床 gear-cutting machine 齿轮加工机床

Figure 1.8 shows generalpurpose machine tools used for traditional machining in chip removal and abrasion techniques. Typical examples of general-purpose machine tools include turning, drilling, shaping, milling, grinding, broaching, jig boring, and lapping machines intended for specific tasks. Gear cutting and thread cutting are examples of special-purpose machine tools. During the use of general- or special-purpose manual machine tools, product accuracy and productivity depend on the operator’s participation during operation. Capstan and turret lathes are typical machines that somewhat reduce the operator’s role during machining of bar-type or chucking-type WPs at higher rates and better accuracy. Semiautomatic machine tools perform automatically controlled movements, while the WP has to be hand loaded and unloaded. Fully automatic machine tools are those machines in which WP handling and cutting and other auxiliary activities are performed automatically. Semiautomatic and automatic machine tools are best suited for large production lots where the operator’s interference is minimized or completely eliminated, and parts are machined more accurately and economically.

2）Metals are so useful in all branches of industry, including such fundamental industries as machinebuilding, ship-building and national defence, that their importance can scarcely be over-emphasized.
Specialized English for ……. “机械工程专业英语”
Specialized English for Mechanical Engineering
机械工程专专业英业语 英语和普通英语的区别
一、词汇： 专业词汇是基础
二、句子： 长句多 被动语态多 后置定语多 大量的名词化结构 等等

copper 生铜
(2) dog: 狗
(机械专业) 挡块
机械工程专业英语
2. 按照习惯搭配确定词义 e.g: (1) I have a short memory. 我的记忆力不好 (2) This biscuit eats short. 这种饼干吃起来松脆 (3) Indeed he has a short temper. 他确实是个急 性子
disadvantage 高速磨削不存在（知道）这个缺点。
机械工程专业英语 二、句子特点
1. 句子长（学会分解句子结构）
If a hard-grade wheel were to be used for grinding a hard material, the dull grains would not be pulled off from the bond quickly enough, thus impeding(阻 碍) the self-dressing process of the surface of the wheel and finally resulting in clogging(堵塞) of the wheel and burns on the ground surface.

Example analysis
Case Studies
Analyze real world case studies to demonstrate practical applications of mechanical writing
Compare and Contrast
Compare different writing styles and techniques to identify best practices
Standard expression: Mechanical English requires standardized and rigorous expression, in accordance with industry standards.
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Common vocabulary and expressions in mechanical engineering English
Language accuracy
Use precision language and avoid technical errors
Clarity
Use simple language and avoid jargon to ensure the reader easily understands the content
Writing Standards
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APA Style: Follow the American Psychological Association (APA) style guide for formatting and citations
APA Style: Follow the American Psychological Association (APA) style guide for formatting and citations

Casting process is a manufacturing process in which molten metal is poured or injection and allowed to solidify in a suitably shaped mold cavity. During or after cooling, the cast part is removed from the mold and then processed for delivery （交货）. Casting processes and cast material technologies vary from simple to highly complex. Material and process selection depends on the part’s complexity and function, the product’s quality specification, and the projected cost level.
The molten material is poured into the pouring cup（浇口杯）, which is part of the gating system（浇注系统） that supplies the molten material to the mold cavity. The vertical part of the gating system connected to the pouring cup is the sprue （浇道）, and the horizontal portion is called the runner and finally to the multiple points where it is introduced to be mold cavity called the gates. Additionally there are extensions to the gating system called vents that provide the part for the built-up gases and the displaced air to vent to the atmosphere. Multi- multifunction, multidirectional, multimedia.

工业机器人现在正开始对工业进行一场革命。这 些机器人的样子和行为方式不很像人，但它们干的 是人类的工作。
revolutionize v. 革命，革命性变革

Robots are particularly useful in a wide variety of applications, such as material handling, spray painting, spot welding, arch welding, inspection, and assembly, current research efforts focus on creating a “smart” robot that can “see”, “hear, ”and “touch” and consequently make decisions.
Marcy: Ah, I see. The point here is that what we
show you are not other kinds of robots but industrial ones. We needn’t make them look like us humans. Mary: Well, I understand. Now could you tell us what these industrial robots can do for us? Marcy: Sure. These robots can do many things for us. They can help us, for example, to handle materials, spray paint, rescue people from the fire, and even help to explore deep oceans and outer-space. Tom: Uh, how great robots are! But what makes robots able to work for us so marvelously? spray painting 喷涂 marvelously奇迹般地,奇异地

Summary
Mastering common sentence patterns and grammar is the key to accurately expressing concepts in the field of machinery.
Detailed description
There are some specific sentence patterns and grammatical structures in Mechanical English, such as passive voice and complex sentence patterns. Learners need to be familiar with these sentence patterns and grammar to ensure that they can accurately and fluently express their meaning in writing and speaking.
Course objectives and learning significanceCourse objective: By studying mechanical engineering English, students will be able to master professional English vocabulary, terminology, and expressions in the field of mechanical engineering, and improve their reading, writing, translation, and communication skills.Learning significance: Students with mechanical English proficiency can better adapt to international demands, enhance their competitiveness in the field of mechanical engineering, and also contribute to promoting technical exchange and cooperation in the field of mechanical engineering.

specifications
预备知识
机械工程专业英语
Lesson 32 Limits and Tolerances
一、预备知识
Grippers by ZAYTRAN are universally applicable "out-of-the-box". The use of third-generation ZAYTRAN technology and the selection of super tough, corrosive resistant materials allow these products to efficiently serve day-to-day as well as tough, nearly impossible gripper applications BUT are priced competitively with commodity products! ZAYTRAN gripper technology provides precision in extreme environments such as clean rooms, grinder loading, automotive, and die casting. 预备知识
有时极限尺寸仅允许在单一方向上。这就叫做单向 公差。
课文ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้析
机械工程专业英语
Lesson 32 Limits and Tolerances Unilateral tolerancing is s system of dimensioning where the tolerance(that is variation) is shown in only one direction from the nominal size. 单向公差标注是公差(亦即偏差)仅在基本尺寸(又叫 公称尺寸)的一侧表示的尺寸标注制度。 Unilateral tolerancing allowthe changing of tolerance on a hole or shaft without seriously affecting the fit. 单向标注公差的孔或轴的公差发生变化而不会影响 其配合性质。

Mechanical Engineering English
译文
• Mr. King: Do you have a habit of doing exercise? • Lily: Sure, we have a regulation of morning exercises,
which guarantees us a healthy body. You can meet students undertaking different kinds of exercises if you take a walk in the morning on campus. Mr. King: Would you like to comment on your instructor? Lily: He is a man of profession and responsibility. Whenever you ask him for help, he will always be there without any hesitation.
Mechanical Engineering English
Background
•
The first schools in the United States to offer an engineering education were the United States Military Academy in 1817, an institution now known as Norwich University in 1819, and Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1825. Education in mechanical engineering has historically been based on a strong foundation in mathematics and science; this is followed by courses emphasizing the application of this knowledge and studies in the social sciences and humanities to give the engineer a broader education.

口语表达
发音和语音训练 常用词汇和表达方式 情景对话模拟练习 听力理解能力提升
写作技能
掌握专业词汇和术语
学会撰写科技论文和报告
了解英语论文的写作规范 和格式
掌握科技论文的常用句型 和表达方式
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机械专业英语应用场景
技术文献阅读与翻译
技术文献类型：包括技术报告、 研究论文、专利等
翻译技巧：保持准确性、流畅性， 注意文化差异
课件形式多样：包括文本、图片、 视频等多种形式
添加标题
添加标题
添加标题
添加标题
课件内容丰富：涵盖机械专业的 各个方面
注重实践应用：结合实际案例， 注重实践操作和应用能力的培养
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学习建议与展望
学习方法建议
制定学习计 划：合理安 排时间，确 保每天有足 够的学习时 间
注重实践： 通过实验、 实践等方式 加深对理论 知识的理解
研究生及教师
从事机械行业的技术人员
对机械专业感兴趣的人士
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机械专业基础知识
机械专业词汇
机械专业基础词汇
常用机械部件名称
机械加工工艺流程
常用工具和测量仪器
机械原理与设计
机械原理：介绍 机械的基本原理、 机构、传动系统 等基础知识
机械设计：介绍 机械设计的基本 原则、方法、步 骤以及常用的设 计软件等
机械制造工艺： 介绍机械制造的 基本工艺、加工 方法、设备等
机械工程材料： 介绍常用的机械 工程材料及其性 能特点、应用范 围等
制造工艺与设备
制造工艺：介绍机械制 造的基本流程，包括毛 坯制造、零件加工、热 处理等关键环节。
设备：介绍常用的机 械加工设备，如车床、 铣床、磨床、钻床等， 以及它们的基本原理 和操作方法。

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9. tension/compression 10.strain/microstrain 11.cross-section 12.engineering materials 13.ferrous alloy/non-ferrous alloy 14. elastic limit 15. modulus of elasticity
一、课程性质与学习任务
1 、课程性质：是一门专业特色选修课。 2 、学习任务：掌握机制专业有关的专业术 语,能够阅读、理解、并准确翻译科技
文献。
二、课程特点及重点、难点
1 、课程特点：本课程是在大学英语及所学专业 课的基础上开设的,文章的专业术语多,句子长,且 多用被动语态,理解需与专业知识相结合。
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8.static/dynamic force 9.approximate/approximation Language Points: 1.It is clear that 2.It is preferable to do 3.applicable/tractable
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6.A particular form of elasticity which applies to a large range of engineering materials ， at least over part of their load range ， produces deformation which are proportional to the loads producing them.
eg. Pistons that are moving up are moving at different speeds than pistons that are moving down. 2）注意固定搭配。如：convert … into,consist of等。

须在尺寸和表面光洁度方面进一步精加工整，以
满足它们的设计要求。
课文分析
机械工程专业英语
Lesson 23 Fundamentals of Machine Tools
To meet such precise tolerances the removal of
[pri’sais] adj. small amounts of material is needed. Usually machine 精确的, 明确的; tools are used for such operation. 清晰的,恰好的; 正当,严格的; 拘泥的, 陈规的 为了满足精密的公差要求，需要从工件上去

变速机构：实现刀具相对工件的正确切削用量。机械、液压、 气动、电动


动力装置：电esson 23 Fundamentals of Machine Tools
二、词汇 machine tool 机床 slideway 导轨 tailstock 尾座 gib 镶条 roughing 粗加工 bed 床身 spindle 主轴 dovetail 燕尾槽 guard 防罩 finishing 精加工
term used to denote the mechanical, hydraulic,
pneumatic or electric mechanisms which connect
angular and linear displacements in defined relationship. 变速机构。变速机构是个通用术语，用来代表机 械、液压、气动或电动变速机构的，变速机构保证 角位移和线性位移的确定传动比。
课文分析
机械工程专业英语
Lesson 23 Fundamentals of Machine Tools

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Recognize Lathe
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Paragraph 1
Lathes are widely used in industry to produce all kind of machined parts.
Some are general-purpose(通用的) machines, and others are used to perform highly specialized operations.
刀具安装在转塔的六个边上。每一把刀具的（伸出） 长度也可以调整，因此，所有刀具可以很方便地、准 确地转到需要的位置。
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Those cutting tools can, therefore be employed successively(依次地) without the need for dismounting the tool and mounting a new one each time, as the case with conventional engine lathe.
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Works such as motor shafts, spindles, pistons, rods, car axles, turbine shafts, and a variety of other objects can be turned using this type of lathe.
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The machining operations are done by cutting tools mounted on the turret and on the cross slide.

Traditional forms of fastening include nuts, bolts, screws and rivets.
They are frequently used and most of them have been standardized with their shapes and sizes.
90。 Slotted countersunk
Slotted
Slotted
Square
round head cheese head head
Slotted Slotted Slotted Phillips Hexagon
fillister instrument head head socket
head
Figure 2.17 Applications of screwed fasteners.
.
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2.3 Keys and Pins 2.3.1 Keys Figure 2.18 Keys.
(a) Parallel keys (b) Semicircular keys (c) Tapered keys
.
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2.6 Spring
Functions of springs:
Clamp
Store elastic energy
Reduce shock.
(a) Helical compression (b) Helical extension (c) Torsion springs.
springs.
Friction material
Output
Figure 2.28 Idealized friction disc clutch or brake.