GD&T术语
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目录主题几何特性符号 (2)通用符号 (3)术语和定义 (4)半径和控制半径 (6)统计公差符号 (7)形体控制框 (8)一般原则 (9)基准 (12)平面度 (33)直线度 (34)圆度 (36)圆柱度 (37)垂直度 (38)倾斜度 (40)平行度 (42)轮廓度公差带 (44)面轮廓度 (45)共平面轮廓度 (46)线轮廓度 (47)轮廓/位置度边界控制 (48)复合轮廓度应用 (50)圆跳动 (52)全跳动 (53)独立原则位置度(应用于孔) (54)最大实体原则位置度(应用于孔) (55)最小实体原则位置度(应用于孔) (56)最大实体原则位置度(应用于同轴圆) (57)最大实体原则位置度(应用于有效条件基准的同轴圆柱形体) (58)最大实体原则位置度(应用于非圆柱形体)) (59)位置度(双向控制) (60)Table of ContentSubjectGeometric Characteristic Symbols (2)Common Symbols (3)Terms and Definitions (4)Radius and controlled Radius (6)Statistical Tolerancing Symbol (7)Feature Control Frame (8)General Rules (9)Datums (12)Flatness (33)Straightness (34)Circularity (36)Cylindricity (37)Perpendicularity (38)Angularity (40)Parallelism (42)Profile Tolerance Zone (44)Profile of a Surface (45)Profile of Coplanar Surfaces (46)Profile of a Line (47)Profile/Position Boundary Control (48)Composite Profile Application (50)Circular Runout (52)Total Runout (53)Position RFS (applied to a hole) (54)Position MMC (applied to a hole) (55)Position LMC (applied to a hole) (56)Position MMC (applied to a coaxial diameter) (57)Position MMC (applied to a coaxial diameter with virtual condition datum) (58)Position MMC (applied to a non-cylindrical feature-of-size) (59)Position (as a bi-directional control) (60)Position (applied to a elongated holes-boundary concept) (61)位置度(应用于长形孔-边界形) (61)位置度(用于控制对称度) (62)延伸公差带 (63)固定联结件位置度计算公式 (64)浮动联结件位置度计算公式 (65)复合位置公差 (66)多组合位置公差 (68)位置度为零的最大实体原则 (70)同轴度 (71)对称度 (72)转换图 (73)表面特性定义 (74)表面特性符号 (75)表面特性 (75)公英制转换 (77)1 Position (used to control symmetry) (62)Projected Tolerance Zone (63)The Fixed Fastener Formula (64)The Floating Fastener Formula (65)Composite Position Tolerancing (66)Position (multiple single segment control) (68)Zero Tolerance at MMC (70)Concentricity (71)Symmetry (72)Conversion Chart (73)Surface Texture Definitions (74)Surface Texture Symbols (75)Surface Texture (75)Conversion of Metric to Inch (77)1几何特性符号2Geometric Characteristic Symbols2用符号下图所示是在工程图中几何公差或其他尺寸要求使用最广泛的符号。
标有“X”的符号为新的符号或原Y14.5M-1982 标准修订而来的术语符号特性控制框直径球径最大实体原则最小实体原则独立原则NONE延伸公差带自由状态○F切面○T统计公差半径R控制半径CR球的半径SR基本尺寸基准特征基准目标目标点X尺寸源位置数量8X沉孔埋头孔深度正方形□整个圆周非比例尺寸150圆弧长度之间斜度Common SymbolsShown below are the most common symbols that are used with geometric tolerancing and other related dimensional requirements on engineering drawings. The symbols marked with an “X”are new of revised from the previous Y14.5M-1982 standard.TERM SYMBOLFeature Control FrameDiameterSpherical DiameterMaximum Material ConditionLeast Material ConditionRegardless of Feature Size NONEProjected Tolerance ZoneFree State ○FTangent Plane ○TStatistical ToleranceRadius RControlled Radius CRSpherical Radius SRBasic DimensionDatum FeatureDatum TargetTarget Point XDimension OriginNumber of Places 8XCounterbore/SpotfaceCountersinkDepth/DeepSquare □All AroundDimension Not to Scale 150Arc lengthBetween圆锥度包容原则NONE(implied)3 SlopeConical TaperEnvelope Principle NONE(implied)3术语和定义实际局部尺寸形体任意横截面上的任意单独距离的尺寸值。
两点测量常看作实际局部尺寸。
实际配合原则(AME)对于尺寸的外形轮廓:相似的理想的配对特征,处于最小尺寸包络该轮廓并接触该轮廓表面高点。
对于尺寸的内部轮廓:相似的理想的配对特征,处于最大尺寸包络该轮廓并接触该轮廓表面高点。
基本尺寸用来描述零件特征或目标基准的理论尺寸,理想轮廓,方向,或位置的数值。
用基本尺寸定义零件特征时,它提供了一个理想位置,其公差由位置公差控制。
补偿公差几何公差的附加公差。
无论特征控制框里指定MMC或LMC修正时,都准许公差补偿。
基准尺寸测量时建立的理论精确面,点或线。
检测设备常用作模拟基准。
基准特征与模拟基准关联的零件特征。
模拟基准用来模拟基准面或轴的充分精确形体的表面(比如机轴表面)。
为达到检测目的,模拟基准作为基准使用。
目标基准描述通常用来建立基准面或轴的测量要素的形状,尺寸和位置的符号。
Terms and DefinitionsActual Local SizeThe value of any individual distance at any cross-section of a feature of size. A two-point measurement is often considered an Actual Local Size.Actual Mating Envelope (AME)For an external feature of size; a similar perfect feature counterpart of the smallest size which surrounds the feature so it contacts the high points of the surface(s). For an internal feature of size; a similar perfect feature counterpart of the largest size which fits inside the feature so it contacts the high points of the surface(s)Basic DimensionA numerical value used to describe the theoretically exact size, true profile, orientation, of location of a part feature of datum target. When a basic dimension is used to define part features, it provides the location for which permissible variations are established by geometric tolerances.Bonus ToleranceAn additional amount of tolerance for a geometric tolerance. A bonus tolerance is permissible whenever an MMC of LMC modifier is specified in a tolerance portion of a feature control frameDatumThe theoretically exact plane, point of axis from which a dimensional measurement is made. Inspection equipment is often used to simulate datums. Datum FeatureA part feature that contacts a simulated datumDatum Feature SimulatorA surface of adequately precise form (such as a surface plate of mandrel) which is used to simulate a datum plane or axis. A simulated datum is used as a datum for inspection purposes.Datum TargetSymbols that describe the shape, size, and location of gage elements that are used to establish datum planes of axis.4形体用于零件组成部分的通用术语,比如表面,孔或槽。