微观经济试题

一、选择题（共30题，每题2分，共60分）1. If an individual’s indifference curve map does not obey the assumption of adiminishing MRS, thena. the individual will not maximize utility.b. the individual will buy none of good X.c. tangencies of indifference curves to the budget constraint may not bepoints of utility maximization.d. the budget constraint cannot be tangent to an appropriate indifferencecurve.2. If an individual’s utility function is given by (,)U x y and I = 100, p x = 1, p y = 4, his or her preferred consumption bundle will be:a. (20, 20).b. (50, 12.5).c. (40, 15).d. (30, 15).3. Demand functions are ―homogeneous of degree zero in all prices and income.‖This meansa. a proportional increase in all prices and income will leave quantitiesdemanded unchanged.b. a doubling of all prices will not alter consumption decisions.c. prices directly enter individuals’ utility functions.d. an increase in income will cause all quantities demanded to increaseproportionately.4. Which of the following will not cause a demand curve to shift position?a. A doubling of the good’s priceb. A doubling of the price of a closely substitutable goodc. A doubling of incomed. A doubling of both the price of x and the price of y5. If the compensated and Marshallian demand curves for a good intersect, at thatpoint the Marshallian curve will bea. flatter if this is a normal good.b. steeper if this is a normal good.c. flatter if this is an inferior good.d. horizontal.6. The price elasticity of demand for a horizontal demand curve isa. 0.b. –1.c. 1.d. – infinity.7. With the Cobb-Douglas utility function (,)U x y x and y area. net and gross substitutes.b. net substitutes and gross complements.c. net substitutes and neither gross substitutes or complements.d. net and gross complements. 8.With only two goods, x and y , if x and y are gross substitutes, a rise in p x must necessarily a. increase spending in x . b. reduce spending in x . c. increase spending in y . d. reduce spending in y . 9.The average productivity of labor reaches its maximum a. at the point of inflection of the total product curve. b. where the slope of the total product curve is steepest. c. where the slope of the total product curve is zero. d. where marginal and average productivity are equal. 10.A firm’s isoquant shows a. the amount of labor needed to produce a given level of output with capital held constant. b. the amount of capital needed to produce a given level of output with labor held constant. c. the various combinations of capital and labor that will produce a given amount of output. d. none of the above. 11.The marginal rate of technical substitution (RTS) of labor for capital measures a. the amount by which capital input can be reduced while holding quantity produced constant when one more unit of labor is used. b. the amount by which labor input can be reduced while holding quantity produced constant when one more unit of capital is used. c. the ratio of total labor to total capital. d. the ratio of total capital to total labor. 12. In order to minimize the cost of a particular level of output, a firm shouldproduce wherea. labor input equals capital input.b. the RTS (of L for K ) =w v . c. the RTS (of L for K ) =v w d. the MRS =w v.13. A firm whose production function displays increasing returns to scale willhave a total cost curve that isa. a straight line through the origin.b. a curve with a positive and continually decreasing slope.c. a curve with a positive and continually increasing slope.d. a curve with a negative and continually decreasing slope.14. As long as marginal cost is less than average variable cost,a. both average total costs and average variable costs will be falling.b. average total costs will be falling but average costs may be rising orfalling.c. average fixed costs are rising.d. average total costs are falling but average fixed costs may be rising.15. The average fixed cost curve always has a negative slope becausea. marginal costs are below average fixed costs.b. average variable costs exceed marginal costs.c. total fixed costs always decrease.d. total fixed costs do not change as output increases.16. For the cost function C = 100 + .3q,a. marginal cost is constant.b. average cost is U-shaped.c. fixed costs diminish with q.d. all of the above are true.17. The input demand functions that can be derived from cost functions arereferred to as ―contingent‖ demand functions because the functions:a. assume input costs are constant.b. express input demand as a function of output.c. depend on the assumption of profit maximization.d. assume constant returns to scale in production.18. A firm’s marginal r evenue is defined asa. the ratio of total revenue to total quantity produced.b. the additional output produced by lowering price.c. the additional revenue received due to technical innovation.d. the additional revenue received when selling one more unit of output.19. In order to maximize profits, a firm should produce at the output level forwhicha. average cost is minimized.b. marginal revenue equals marginal cost.c. marginal cost is minimized.d. price minus average cost is as large as possible.20. If the demand faced by a firm is elastic, selling one less unit of output willa. increase revenue.b. decrease revenue.c. keep revenues constant.d. decrease price.21. An increase in the price of good x will be accompanied bya. a shift in the market demand curve for good x.b. a shift in the market demand curve for good y (a substitute for good x).c. a movement along the market demand curve for good x.d. both b and c.22. Firms in long-run equilibrium in a perfectly competitive industry will produceat the low points of their average total cost curves becausea. free entry implies that long-run profits will be zero no matter how mucheach firm produces.b. firms seek maximum profits and to do so they must choose to producewhere average costs are minimized.c. firms maximize profits and free entry implies that maximum profits willbe zero.d. firms in the industry desire to operate efficiently.23. In a competitive market, an efficient allocation of resources is characterized bya. a price greater than the marginal cost of production.b. the possibility of further mutually beneficial transactions.c. the largest possible sum of consumer and producer surplus.d. a value of consumer surplus equal to that of producer surplus.24. In the long run, the greater burden of a specific tax will usually be absorbed bya. consumers.b. the party—consumers or producers—with the more elasticdemand/supply curve.c. the party with the least elastic demand/supply curve.d. shareholders and employees of the firm in the form of reduceddividends and wages.25. If, in a given economy, production is taking place at a point inside theproduction possibility frontier,a. resource allocation is technically and allocatively efficient.b. resource allocation is technically efficient but allocatively inefficient.c. resource allocation is technically inefficient and allocatively efficient.d. resource allocation is technically and allocatively inefficient.26. In order to assure allocative efficiency,a. people’s marginal rate of substitution must equal the economy’s rate ofproduct transformation.b. people’s marginal rate of substitution must equal the firm’s rate oftechnical substitution among inputs.c. a firm’s rate of technical substitution must equal the economy’s r ate ofproduct transformation.d. all of the above.27. The supply curve for a monopoly is given bya. the firm’s marginal cost curve above the average variable cost curve.b. the one point on the demand curve that corresponds to the quantity forwhich price is equal to MC.c. the one point on the demand curve that corresponds to the quantity forwhich MR equals MC.d. the entire demand curve above the point where price is equal toaverage cost.28. Adverse selection arises in insurance markets becausea. insurance buyers have more information than insurance sellers.b. insurance sellers have more information than insurance buyers.c. individuals can select which insurance company to patronize.d. insurance companies can exercise too much control over who theyinsure.29. a firm composed of 5 workers, each with a utility function of the form2=-()U l w l lwhere l is hours worked and w is the wage which is assumed to be $20 perhour.. If the firm can only monitor total hours worked by the 5 workers and split the wage bill evenly, how many hours will each worker choose to work?a. 2 hoursb. 4 hoursc. 8 hoursd. 10 hours30. To reach an economically efficient output level, the size of an excise taximposed on a firm generating a negative externality should bea. the firm’s marginal cost.b. the social marginal cost.c. the difference between the social marginal cost and the firm’s marginalcost.d. the sum of the social marginal cost and the firm’s marginal cost.二、计算题（共2题，每题10分，共20分）1、已知某企业的生产函数为：22Q L K L K=+--5122L（劳动）的价格为3，K（资本）的价格为6。