Speech-Driven Cartoon Animation with Emotions
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卡通动画片的英语作文Well, you know, when it comes to cartoon animations, it's like opening a whole new world of fun and imagination. I've been around for more than 20 years in this writing gig, and cartoons have always been a part of my life.I remember, back in the day, there were these classic cartoons like Tom and Jerry. Oh man, that was some good stuff! The way Tom would chase Jerry around the house, and Jerry would always outsmart him. It was like a never - ending battle of wits. And the sound effects! The little scurrying sounds of Jerry's feet and Tom's frustrated growls. It was pure magic.Nowadays, there are so many different kinds of cartoon animations. There are those big - budget ones from the major studios. They look all shiny and new, but sometimes, I dunno, they seem to lack a bit of that old - fashioned charm. I mean, sure, the graphics are amazing. But it's like they're more focused on looking good than having a really great story.Take that one movie, I think it was called "Frozen" or something like that. It was super popular. Everyone was singing those songs. And don't get me wrong, it was a great movie. But it made me wonder, are we just getting caught up in the hype? I remember when I first saw it, I was like, "Wow, this is really something." But then later, I thought, "Hmm... is it really that much better than the old cartoons?"There are also some smaller, independent cartoon animations that are really cool. They might not have the big bucks behind them, but they've got heart. I met this one animator, let's call him Jack. He was working on this really off - the - wall cartoon about a talking fish in a post - apocalyptic world. Sounds crazy, right? But it was so creative! He told mehe was having a hard time getting it noticed because the big studios were hogging all the attention.In the world of cartoon animation, there are some rumors too. I heard that there's this one studio that has a secret room where they store all their rejected ideas. I don't know if it's true or not. I mean, I probably shouldn't believe everything I hear, but it's fun to think about.You know, learning about cartoon animations over the years has been a bit of a roller - coaster. I made so many mistakes. I once thought thatjust having really colorful characters was enough. Boy, was I wrong! A good cartoon needs a solid story, engaging characters, and that special something that makes you want to watch it over and over again.What about you? Have you ever had a favorite cartoon that you thought was just the best thing ever? Or do you think the new cartoons are way better than the old ones? I'm really curious to hear your thoughts.Well, that's about all I've got to say for now. But the world of cartoon animation is always changing, and who knows what amazing things are coming next. Maybe one day we'll have cartoons that we can actually step into! Now wouldn't that be something?。
Cartoon Animation: A Profound Impact onMy LifeIn the多彩的世界 of visual media, cartoon animation has always held a special place in my heart. From the whimsical characters and vibrant colors to the imaginative storylines and powerful messages, cartoons have been a constant companion throughout my childhood and adulthood, shaping my perspective and influencing my life in profound ways.My journey with cartoon animation began as a young child, watching the classic cartoons of my generation. These cartoons were not just entertainment; they were windows to new worlds and introduced me to concepts and ideas that I had never encountered before. The heroes of these cartoons, with their courage, kindness, and perseverance, became role models for me, inspiring me to be better and do better.As I grew older, the cartoons I watched evolved, but the impact remained the same. The stories became more complex, the characters more relatable, and the messages more profound. I found myself learning valuable lifelessons through these animated tales. I learned about friendship, loyalty, and the importance of standing up for what is right. I learned to empathize with others and to appreciate the diversity of perspectives and backgrounds. One of the most significant impacts of cartoon animation on me has been its ability to激发创意. The boundless imagination and creativity displayed in cartoons have encouraged me to think outside the box and pursue my own passions and interests. Whether it's through drawing my own cartoon characters or creating my own stories, cartoons have fostered a sense of creativity and innovation that has benefited me in both my academic and professional life.Moreover, cartoon animation has also been a powerful tool for emotional expression and catharsis. Through the characters and storylines of cartoons, I have been able to process and understand my own emotions better. The challenges and triumphs of the cartoon characters have resonated with me, allowing me to connect with them on a deeper level and find solace and strength in their experiences.In conclusion, cartoon animation has had a profound impact on my life. It has entertained me, educated me, and inspired me to be better. It has fostered my creativity, helped me understand my emotions, and introduced me to a world of possibilities. As I continue to grow and learn, I am grateful for the role that cartoon animation has playedin shaping me into the person I am today.**卡通动漫:深刻影响我的一生**在丰富多彩的视觉媒体世界中,卡通动漫一直在我心中占有特殊地位。
介绍卡通动画片英语作文初一Cartoon animations have long been a beloved form of entertainment for people of all ages. From the classic Disney films to the modern anime series, these animated works have captivated audiences worldwide with their imaginative storytelling, vibrant visuals, and memorable characters. One such cartoon animation that has gained a significant following is the one targeted at middle school students, or those in their first year of high school.Cartoon animations aimed at this age group often tackle more complex themes and narratives, offering a deeper level of engagement and intellectual stimulation compared to their younger-targeted counterparts. These animations typically explore themes of self-discovery, personal growth, and the challenges of navigating the often tumultuous teenage years. They delve into the nuances of interpersonal relationships, the pursuit of dreams and ambitions, and the moral dilemmas that young individuals face as they transition into adulthood.One particularly compelling example of such a cartoon animation isthe critically acclaimed series "Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood." Set in a richly detailed and imaginative world, the story follows the journey of two brothers, Edward and Alphonse Elric, as they navigate the intricate and often dangerous world of alchemy. After a failed attempt to bring their mother back to life using alchemy, the brothers embark on a quest to recover their lost bodies, encountering a diverse cast of characters and uncovering a web of political intrigue and supernatural forces along the way.The series masterfully blends action, adventure, and drama, with a strong emphasis on character development and the exploration of complex moral and philosophical themes. The protagonists, Edward and Alphonse, are compelling and multi-dimensional, each grappling with their own personal demons and the consequences of their past actions. The supporting cast is equally well-developed, with each character contributing unique perspectives and driving the narrative forward in meaningful ways.One of the standout aspects of "Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood" is its seamless integration of scientific and magical concepts. The series delves into the principles of alchemy, presenting it as a sophisticated and rule-based system that has profound implications for the characters and the world they inhabit. This blend of science and fantasy creates a captivating and immersive narrative that challenges the audience's preconceptions and encourages critical thinking.Another notable feature of the series is its exploration of themes such as the nature of humanity, the consequences of unchecked ambition, and the complex relationships between individuals and the state. These themes are woven throughout the story, adding depth and nuance to the characters' journeys and the overall narrative.The animation itself is also a standout element, with stunning visuals that bring the world of "Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood" to life. The attention to detail, the fluid and dynamic fight sequences, and the seamless integration of digital and traditional animation techniques all contribute to a visually captivating experience. The series' soundtrack, composed by Michiyuki Kawashima, further enhances the emotional impact of the story, with a score that perfectly complements the on-screen action and character development.One of the reasons "Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood" has resonated so strongly with its target audience of middle school and high school students is its ability to tackle complex themes and moral dilemmas in a way that is both accessible and thought-provoking. The series encourages viewers to grapple with questions of personal responsibility, the consequences of one's actions, and the balance between individual desires and the greater good.Furthermore, the series' diverse cast of characters, each with their own unique backstories and motivations, allows viewers to identify with and relate to the struggles and triumphs of the protagonists. This sense of identification and emotional investment in the characters' journeys is a hallmark of the series and a key factor in its enduring popularity among its target audience.In conclusion, "Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood" is a remarkable example of a cartoon animation that successfully engages and challenges its middle school and high school audience. With its compelling narrative, complex themes, and stunning visual and audio components, the series has become a beloved and influential work in the world of anime and animation. Its ability to blend action, adventure, and philosophical exploration has earned it a devoted following and cemented its status as a must-watch for fans of the genre.。
关于卡通动漫的英语作文The Enchanting World of Cartoon Animation.The world of cartoon animation is vast, vibrant, and filled with imagination. It's a realm where dreams come to life, where the impossible becomes possible, and where the boundaries of reality are pushed to the limits. From the earliest days of hand-drawn cartoons to the latest advancements in computer-generated imagery (CGI), animation has captivated audiences of all ages with its ability to transport us to far-off lands, introduce us to unique characters, and tell stories that are both entertaining and profound.The history of animation is rich and diverse, spanning multiple continents and cultural backgrounds. Early animation pioneers like Winsor McCay and Emile Cohl experimented with the medium, pushing the boundaries of what was technically possible. Their early works, such as "Gertie the Dinosaur" and "Feline Fantasies," wereprimitive but groundbreaking, demonstrating the potentialof animation as a storytelling tool.As technology advanced, so did the sophistication of animated works. The emergence of CGI in the 1990s marked a revolution in animation, allowing for more realistic and detailed renderings than ever before. Movies like "Toy Story" and "The Lion King" showcased the power of CGI, bringing animated characters to life with remarkablerealism and emotional depth.Today, the world of cartoon animation is even more diverse and inclusive than ever before. Animators from all over the world contribute to this vibrant medium, bringing their unique perspectives and cultural backgrounds to the fore. This diversity is reflected in the range of stories and characters that are represented in animated works today.One of the most enchanting aspects of cartoon animation is its ability to transport us to worlds that are both familiar and陌生. Whether it's a vibrant cityscape, a remote island paradise, or a far-off galaxy, animators usetheir creativity to craft detailed and believable environments that are a joy to explore. These worlds are often populated by a cast of unique and memorable characters, each with their own distinct personalities and stories to tell.The stories themselves are as diverse as the characters and environments they inhabit. They can be humorous andlight-hearted, or they can be serious and thought-provoking. They can be adventures of heroes saving the day, or theycan be quiet tales of personal growth and transformation.No matter the genre or tone, however, they are all enhanced by the medium of animation, which brings them to life with vibrant colors, dynamic action, and emotional depth.In addition to its entertainment value, cartoon animation also serves as a powerful medium for social commentary and cultural expression. It has the ability to reach a wide audience, particularly children and young adults, and influence their values and perspectives. Animated works can address important issues like social justice, environmental conservation, and diversity andinclusion in a way that is both engaging and accessible.The future of cartoon animation looks bright. With advances in technology and the increasing diversity of animators and stories, we can expect to see even more innovative and engaging works in the coming years. Whether it's through the latest advancements in CGI, the exploration of new storytelling techniques, or the integration of emerging technologies like augmented reality and virtual reality, animation will continue to captivate and inspire us in ways that are both familiar and new.In conclusion, the world of cartoon animation is a magical and enchanting place. It's a realm where dreams come to life, where the impossible becomes possible, and where the boundaries of reality are pushed to the limits. As we continue to explore and embrace this medium, we are treated to a constant stream of new adventures, characters, and stories that are both entertaining and profound. As long as there is imagination and creativity, the world of cartoon animation will continue to thrive and inspire us all.。
如何制作葫芦娃卡通动画英语作文80词全文共10篇示例,供读者参考篇1How to Make Huluo Wa Cartoon AnimationHey guys, do you love watching Huluo Wa, the Chinese cartoon with those super cool characters like Saoqi and Erlang Shen? If you want to try making your own cartoon animation just like Huluo Wa, then keep on reading because I'm going to tell you how to do it step by step!First, you need to come up with a story and create characters for your cartoon. Think about what kind of adventures your characters will go on and what kind of personalities they have. Maybe you can even draw some sketches of your characters to help you visualize them.Next, you'll need to write a script for your cartoon. This is like writing a story with dialogue for your characters to say. Make sure to include lots of funny jokes and exciting action scenes to keep your audience entertained.Now it's time to bring your characters to life by animating them. You can do this by using animation software on your computer or by drawing each frame by hand. It might take a lot of time and effort, but the end result will be totally worth it!Once you've finished animating your cartoon, don't forget to add some background music and sound effects to make it more exciting. You can download royalty-free music online or even create your own sound effects using a microphone and some household objects.Finally, it's time to share your awesome Huluo Wa-inspired cartoon animation with your friends and family. You can upload it to YouTube or social media platforms to show off your hard work and creativity.So there you have it, guys! Follow these steps and you'll be on your way to creating your very own Huluo Wa cartoon animation. Have fun and let your imagination run wild!篇2How to Make a Calabash Brothers Cartoon AnimationHello everyone, today I'm going to tell you how to make a Calabash Brothers cartoon animation. The Calabash Brothers is apopular Chinese animated TV series that tells the story of seven brothers with magical powers fighting against evil demons. It's a fun and exciting show that has captured the hearts of many children around the world.To make a Calabash Brothers cartoon animation, you will need some basic materials and equipment. Here is astep-by-step guide on how to do it:Step 1: Create the charactersThe first thing you need to do is to create the characters of the Calabash Brothers. Draw each of the seven brothers with their unique personalities and powers. You can use a pencil and paper or a digital drawing tablet to do this.Step 2: Design the backgroundNext, you will need to design the background of the animation. Draw the settings where the Calabash Brothers will be fighting against the evil demons. You can create a forest, a village, or a mountain as the backdrop for the action.Step 3: Write the scriptAfter creating the characters and background, you need to write a script for the animation. Come up with a story that involves the Calabash Brothers using their powers to defeat thedemons and save the day. Make sure the storyline is engaging and exciting for the audience.Step 4: Record the voiceoversOnce you have the script ready, it's time to record the voiceovers for the characters. You can ask your friends or family members to do the voice acting for the Calabash Brothers and the demons. Make sure to match the voice to the personality of each character.Step 5: Add music and sound effectsTo make the animation more engaging, you can add music and sound effects to accompany the action. Find some royalty-free music and sound effects online that fit the mood of the story. This will make the animation more lively and entertaining.Step 6: Animate the charactersNow comes the most exciting part – animating the characters. You can use animation software like Adobe Animate or Toon Boom to bring the Calabash Brothers to life. Create keyframes for the movement of the characters and addin-between frames to make the animation smooth and realistic.Step 7: Edit the animationAfter animating the characters, you need to edit the animation to make sure everything flows seamlessly. Add transitions between scenes, adjust the timing of the movements, and fine-tune the visuals and sound effects.Step 8: Publish and shareFinally, once you are happy with the animation, you can publish it and share it with your friends and family. You can upload it to YouTube, TikTok, or other social media platforms to showcase your creative work to the world.In conclusion, making a Calabash Brothers cartoon animation is a fun and rewarding experience. Just follow these steps, unleash your creativity, and bring the magical world of the Calabash Brothers to life! Have fun and happy animating!篇3How to Make a Huluo Wa Cartoon AnimationHi everyone, do you like watching cartoons? I love watching cartoons, especially the Huluo Wa cartoon. Do you want to learn how to make your own Huluo Wa cartoon animation? Let me tell you!First, you need to come up with a story for your cartoon. Think about what adventures you want Huluo Wa and his friends to go on. Maybe they can fight against a monster or go on a treasure hunt. Use your imagination and be creative!Next, you need to draw the characters for your cartoon. Start by drawing Huluo Wa and his friends using bright colors and big eyes. Don’t forget to add in details like their clothes and accessories. You can also draw the backgrounds for your cartoon, like a forest or a village.Then, you can start animating your cartoon. You can use a computer program like Adobe Animate or Toon Boom to animate your characters. Make sure to add in movements like walking, running, and jumping. You can also add in special effects like magic spells or explosions.After you finish animating your cartoon, you can add in sound effects and music. You can use a program like Audacity to add in sound effects like footsteps or sword clashing. You can also find copyright-free music online to add to your cartoon.Finally, you can share your Huluo Wa cartoon animation with your friends and family. You can upload it to YouTube or social media for everyone to see. I’m sure they will love watching your cartoon!I hope you have fun making your own Huluo Wa cartoon animation. Remember to be creative and have fun with it. Who knows, maybe one day you can become a famous cartoon animator like the creators of Huluo Wa!篇4How to Make the Legend of Calabash Brothers Cartoon AnimationHey guys! Do you know the Legend of Calabash Brothers? It's a cool Chinese cartoon that tells the story of seven brothers with magical powers who fight against evil forces to protect their village. Today, I'm going to show you how to make your own Calabash Brothers cartoon animation!Step 1: Come up with a StoryFirst, you need to come up with a story for your cartoon. Think about what adventures the Calabash Brothers could go on and what kind of villains they could face. Maybe they have to rescue a kidnapped villager or find a magical weapon to defeat the evil demon.Step 2: Draw Character DesignsNext, you need to draw the character designs for the Calabash Brothers. Each brother has a unique power and personality, so make sure to show that in your drawings. You can also design the villains and other characters they meet along the way.Step 3: Create a StoryboardOnce you have your story and character designs, it's time to create a storyboard. This is like a comic strip that shows the sequence of events in your cartoon. Draw out each scene, including the dialogue and action.Step 4: Record DialogueNow it's time to record the dialogue for your cartoon. Get your friends or family to voice the characters and make sure to match their voices to the characters' personalities. You can also add sound effects to make it more exciting.Step 5: Animate the ScenesFinally, it's time to animate the scenes. You can use a computer program or even just your smartphone to create the animation. Move the characters around and add in the dialogue and sound effects you recorded. Don't forget to add music to set the mood!Step 6: Edit and ShareOnce you have animated all the scenes, it's time to edit the video together. Make sure everything flows smoothly and add any final touches or special effects. Then, share your awesome Calabash Brothers cartoon with your friends and family!So there you have it - a step-by-step guide on how to make your own Calabash Brothers cartoon animation! Have fun creating and bringing these legendary characters to life!篇5How to Make a Cartoon Animation of Calabash BrothersHey guys! Do you love watching cartoons? Have you ever thought about making your own cartoon animation like the Calabash Brothers? It's super fun and exciting! Today, I'm going to show you how to make a cartoon animation of the Calabash Brothers step by step. Let's get started!Step 1: Create a StoryboardFirst, we need to come up with a cool story for our cartoon animation. Think about the adventures of the seven brothers and how they defeat the evil demons. Draw a storyboard to map out the scenes and actions of each character.Step 2: Design CharactersNext, let's design the characters of the Calabash Brothers. Draw each brother with their unique colors and personalities. Don't forget to add details like their weapons and powers. You can also create the villainous demons for them to fight against.Step 3: Record VoiceoversNow, it's time to record the voices for the characters. Gather your friends or family members to do the voiceovers. Be sure to match the voices with the characters' personalities and emotions.Step 4: Animate the CharactersUsing a computer animation software, start animating the characters. Create movements for each character and add in backgrounds and special effects. Make sure the actions are smooth and lively.Step 5: Add Sound Effects and MusicTo make your cartoon animation more engaging, add sound effects for actions like fighting and running. Also, choose some catchy background music to set the mood for each scene.Step 6: Edit and FinalizeFinally, edit the animation to make sure everything flows well together. Adjust the timing of the scenes and add subtitles if needed. Once you're happy with the final product, it's time to share your creation with others!Congratulations! You've successfully made a cartoon animation of the Calabash Brothers. I hope you had a blast creating your own adventure with these legendary characters. Keep practicing and who knows, maybe one day you'll become a famous animator! Have fun and happy animating!篇6How to Make a Calabash Brothers Cartoon AnimationHello everyone! Today I'm going to tell you how to make a cartoon animation of the Calabash Brothers. Are you ready? Let's get started!First, you need to come up with a story for your animation. The Calabash Brothers are seven brothers with different superpowers. Think about a fun adventure they can go on, or a villain they can defeat. Be creative and let your imagination run wild!Next, you'll need to draw the characters. Start by sketching out each of the Calabash Brothers on a piece of paper. Make sure to include their distinct features like their colors, sizes, and superpowers. Once you're happy with your sketches, you can start animating them.To animate the characters, you can use a computer program like Adobe Animate or Toon Boom. Create a new project and import your character sketches. Then, you can start animating their movements by adding keyframes and adjusting their positions frame by frame.Don't forget to add backgrounds and props to make your animation more dynamic. You can create these elements in the same program or use traditional art techniques like painting or drawing.Once you've finished animating your scenes, it's time to add sound effects and music. You can use royalty-free sound effects and music tracks to enhance the mood of your animation.Finally, export your animation as a video file and share it with your friends and family. You can also upload it to social media platforms or video sharing websites to reach a wider audience.And there you have it! That's how you can make a cartoon animation of the Calabash Brothers. I hope you have fun creating your own animated adventure! Good luck!篇7How to make the Calabash Brothers cartoon animationHey guys, have you ever watched the Calabash Brothers cartoon animation before? It's super cool, right? Today, I'm going to show you how to make your own Calabash Brothers cartoon animation. Let's get started!First, you need to come up with a story for your animation. Think about what adventures you want the Calabash Brothers to go on and what kind of villains they will face. You can also add in some funny and exciting scenes to make it more interesting.Next, you need to draw your characters. The Calabash Brothers are seven brothers, each with their own unique abilities. You can draw them using paper and pencil or use a computer program like Adobe Illustrator. Make sure to give each brother a distinct personality and look.After you have your characters, you can start animating them. You can use a software like Adobe Animate or Toon Boomto create your animation. Start by creating a storyboard to plan out the scenes and actions of your characters.Then, you can start animating each scene. You can move your characters by using keyframes and tweening. Add in some sound effects and music to make it more lively.Finally, you can edit and polish your animation. Make sure the timing is right and the movements look smooth. You can also add in some special effects to make it more exciting.Once you're happy with your animation, you can share it with your friends and family. They will be amazed by your talent and creativity. Who knows, maybe one day your Calabash Brothers cartoon animation will be as famous as the original one!So, that's how you can make your very own Calabash Brothers cartoon animation. It's a fun and exciting project that will unleash your creativity. Have fun and good luck!篇8Hello everyone, today I want to share with you how to make a cartoon animation of the Chinese story "The Legend of the Calabash Brothers", also known as "The Adventures of the LittleGourds". It's a super cool and fun project that you can do with your friends or family!First, let's gather all the materials we need. You'll need paper, colored pencils or markers, scissors, glue, and a camera or smartphone to take pictures of your drawings.Next, let's start by drawing the characters of the Calabash Brothers. There are seven brothers in total, each with a unique power and personality. Draw them on separate pieces of paper and color them in with bright colors. Don't forget to add their iconic calabash hats!After you finish drawing the characters, it's time to create the scenes for the animation. Use different pieces of paper to draw the backgrounds for each scene. For example, you can draw a forest for the brothers to explore or a mountain for them to climb.Now, let's bring our characters to life! Cut out each character and scene carefully with scissors. Then, glue a small piece of paper or stick to the back of each character to make them stand up. This will help them move smoothly during the animation.Once everything is ready, set up your camera or smartphone on a stable surface. Place the characters in front of the cameraand take a picture for each movement. You can make them walk, jump, or even fly using your fingers to move them slightly in each frame.Finally, upload all the pictures to a video editing software or app and arrange them in sequence. Add some background music and sound effects to make your animation more exciting. Congratulations, you've just made your own Calabash Brothers cartoon animation!I hope you have a lot of fun making this project and don't forget to share it with your friends and family. Happy animating!篇9How to Make a Calabash Brothers Cartoon AnimationHey guys! Do you love the Calabash Brothers cartoon? It's super cool, right? Have you ever thought about making your own Calabash Brothers cartoon animation? It's not as hard as you think! Here's how you can do it.First, you need to come up with a story for your cartoon. Think about what adventures you want your Calabash Brothers to go on. Maybe they can fight some evil demons or rescue someone in trouble. Be creative and have fun with it!Next, you need to draw your characters. You can use paper and pencils or even a digital drawing program. Remember, the Calabash Brothers are small, round gourds with cute faces. Make sure each brother has their own unique personality.After you've drawn your characters, it's time to animate them. You can use animation software like Adobe Animate or even apps on your phone or tablet. Start by creating the key frames for each scene, then fill in the in-between frames to make the characters move smoothly.Don't forget about the background! You can draw or create backgrounds for your scenes to make them more realistic. You can also add sound effects and music to enhance the viewer's experience.Once you've finished animating your cartoon, you can share it with your friends and family. You can upload it to social media or even enter it into animation contests. Who knows, maybe one day your Calabash Brothers cartoon will be famous all over the world!So there you have it, guys. That's how you can make your own Calabash Brothers cartoon animation. It may take some time and effort, but it's so much fun! Just remember to be creative and have fun with it. Happy animating!篇10How to Make a Cartoon Animation of Calabash BrothersHi everyone! Today I want to share with you how to make a cartoon animation of the Calabash Brothers. The Calabash Brothers is a very famous Chinese cartoon and it's super fun to watch. So, let's get started on how to make our own cartoon animation of the Calabash Brothers!Step 1: PlanningFirst, we need to come up with a storyline for our animation. Think about what adventures you want the Calabash Brothers to go on. Maybe they can fight some monsters, save the village, or go on a treasure hunt. Once you have your storyline, you can start planning out the scenes.Step 2: DrawingNext, we need to draw the characters and backgrounds for our animation. You can draw the Calabash Brothers using paper and colored pencils, or you can use a drawing app on your tablet or computer. Remember to make the characters look cute and colorful!Step 3: AnimatingNow comes the fun part – animating our cartoon! You can use a free animation software like Pencil2D or Adobe Animate to bring your drawings to life. Pay attention to the movements of the characters and make sure they look smooth and natural.Step 4: Adding SoundTo make our cartoon even more exciting, we can add sound effects and music. You can find free sound effects online or even record your own. You can also add a funny narration to tell the story of the Calabash Brothers.Step 5: EditingFinally, we need to edit our animation to make sure everything looks perfect. You can trim the scenes, adjust the timing, and add transitions to make the animation flow smoothly. Once you're happy with it, you can save your animation and share it with your friends and family!And there you have it – your very own cartoon animation of the Calabash Brothers! I hope you have fun making your cartoon and don't forget to be creative and let your imagination run wild. Happy animating!。
卡通动漫对我的影响英语作文In the vibrant world of imagination and creativity, cartoon animation has always held a special place in my heart. It's not just about the colorful graphics or the exciting storylines; it's about the profound impact it has had on my life, shaping my values, inspiring my dreams, and teaching me valuable life lessons.My journey with cartoon animation began when I was a young child, watching cartoons on television. The bright colors, the lively characters, and the adventure-packed storylines captivated me. As I grew older, my interest in cartoon animation deepened, and I started exploring different genres and styles. From the humorous antics of Looney Tunes to the emotional dramas of Studio Ghibli, I found myself drawn to the unique world of animation.One of the most significant impacts of cartoon animation on me is its ability to foster imagination and creativity. The world of animation is a limitless canvas where anything is possible. Characters can fly, talk to animals, and even travel to other dimensions. This freedom of expression encourages me to think outside the box, toimagine new scenarios and possibilities. It has helped me develop a creative mindset that has been beneficial in various aspects of my life, from academic projects to personal hobbies.Another impact of cartoon animation is its ability to convey emotional messages and life lessons in a subtle yet effective manner. Many animated films and series deal with themes such as friendship, family, courage, and perseverance. They teach us the importance of values like honesty, kindness, and resilience. By watching these stories, I have learned to appreciate the value of these qualities in my own life and to apply them in various situations.Moreover, cartoon animation has also been a great source of entertainment and relaxation for me. In a world that is often filled with stress and anxiety, the escape into the world of animation can be a welcome refuge. The humorous dialogues, the exciting adventures, and the heartwarming stories provide a temporary break from the realities of life, allowing me to recharge and rejuvenate.In conclusion, cartoon animation has had a profound impact on my life. It has fostered my imagination and creativity, taught me valuable life lessons, and provided me with entertainment and relaxation. As I continue to grow and explore the world of animation, I am excited to see how it will continue to shape my life and inspire me to pursue my dreams.**卡通动漫:深刻影响我的生活**在充满想象力和创造力的绚丽世界中,卡通动漫一直在我心中占有特殊的位置。
关于卡通动漫的英语作文English:Cartoon and animation play a significant role in our modern entertainment industry. They are not only entertaining, but also pervasive in shaping our cultural values and preferences. Characters like Mickey Mouse, SpongeBob SquarePants and Naruto have become household names and have greatly influenced multiple generations of viewers. Cartoons and animations are not limited to children's entertainment, but have also extended their influence to adult audiences. They cover a wide range of genres, from comedy to action, and can convey important messages and social commentary. These forms of entertainment have the power to spark imagination, evoke emotions, and even inspire real-life changes.中文翻译:卡通和动画在我们现代娱乐产业中扮演着重要的角色。
它们不仅仅是娱乐性的,还在塑造我们的文化价值观和偏好方面发挥着深远的影响。
米奇老鼠、海绵宝宝和火影忍者等角色已经成为家喻户晓的名字,并且深刻地影响了多代观众。
英语作文卡通动画{z}English Essay: Cartoon AnimationIntroduction:Cartoon animation has become an integral part of modern culture, captivating audiences of all ages with its vibrant characters and engaging storytelling.This essay will explore the significance of cartoon animation, its impact on society, and the creative process behind its production.Body:1.Significance of Cartoon Animation:Cartoon animation holds great significance in the entertainment industry.It serves as a powerful medium for storytelling, enabling artists to bring imaginative characters and narratives to life.Through animation, creators can explore a wide range of themes, from comedy and adventure to social commentary, making it a versatile form of art.2.Impact on Society:Cartoon animation has a profound impact on society, influencing popular culture and shaping the way people perceive the world.It has the ability to inspire and empower individuals, especially children, by presenting relatable characters who overcome challenges and embrace creativity.Animation also fosters creativity and imagination, encouraging viewers to explore their own artistic talents.3.Creative Process:The production of cartoon animation involves a intricate creative process.It begins with scriptwriting, where storytellers develop compelling narratives and characters.This is followed by character design, where artists bring the characters to life by illustrating their appearance and personality.Animation artists then use various techniques, such as traditional drawing or computer-generated imagery (CGI), to create the visual elements of the animation.Additionally, the animation process requires skilled professionals in areas such as layout, animation, and yout artists establish the spatial relationships between characters and their environment, while animators bring the characters to movement through a series of frames.Lighting artists enhance the overall visual appeal by adding depth and atmosphere to the animation.Conclusion:Cartoon animation is a remarkable form of art that captivates audiences and influences society in numerous ways.Its significance as a medium for storytelling, impact on popular culture, and the intricate creative process make it a valuable aspect of modern entertainment.As technology continues to advance, the future of cartoon animation looks promising, with new possibilities and creative expressions emerging in the years to come.。
英语作文关于介绍一部卡通动漫加上如何制作全文共3篇示例,供读者参考篇1Title: Introduction to the Cartoon Animation and How it is MadeCartoon animations have been a favorite form of entertainment for people of all ages. They capture our imagination and take us to a world of endless possibilities. In this article, we will introduce a popular cartoon animation called "The Adventures of Teddy Bear" and delve into how it is made."The Adventures of Teddy Bear" is a heartwarming story about a young bear named Teddy who embarks on thrilling adventures with his friends in the enchanted forest. The animation is known for its colorful visuals, endearing characters, and engaging storyline that appeals to both children and adults.The first step in creating a cartoon animation like "The Adventures of Teddy Bear" is conceptualizing the idea. This involves developing a storyline, designing characters, and creating a storyboard that outlines the sequence of events in the animation.Next, the animators use specialized software like Adobe Animate or Toon Boom Harmony to bring the characters and scenes to life. They create keyframes to define the character movements and expressions, add colors and textures, and synchronize the audio with the animation.Voice actors then record the dialogues for the characters, adding emotions and personality to their voices. The sound effects and background music are also added to enhance the viewing experience.The final step in making the cartoon animation is editing and post-production. This involves fine-tuning the animation, adding visual effects, and ensuring that the final product meets the desired quality standards.In conclusion, cartoon animations like "The Adventures of Teddy Bear" are a creative and captivating form of entertainment that require meticulous planning, skilled animators, and cutting-edge technology to produce. They continue to enchant audiences worldwide and inspire the imaginations of generations to come.篇2Title: Introduction to a Cartoon Animation and How it is CreatedIntroductionCartoon animations have been a popular form of entertainment for both children and adults for many years. They bring characters to life in a fun and engaging way, allowing viewers to escape into a world of fantasy and imagination. In this article, we will introduce a well-known cartoon animation and discuss how it is created.Introduction to the Cartoon AnimationOne of the most beloved cartoon animations of all time is “SpongeBob SquarePants”. Created by Stephen Hillenburg, this show follows the adventures of SpongeBob, a lovable sea sponge who works at the Krusty Krab restaurant in Bikini Bottom. The show has become a cultural phenomenon, with its colorful characters, witty humor, and catchy theme song.The animation style of “SpongeBob SquarePants” is characterized by its bold, bright colors, simple shapes, and exaggerated expressions. The characters are drawn in a cartoonish style that enhances their zany personalities and comedic antics. The show combines traditional hand-drawnanimation with modern digital techniques to create a seamless and vibrant world for its characters to inhabit.How “SpongeBob SquarePants” is CreatedThe creation of “SpongeBob SquarePants” involves a team of talented animators, writers, and voice actors working together to bring the characters and storylines to life. The process begins with the writing of the scripts, which are developed by a team of writers who brainstorm ideas for episodes and comedic situations.Once the scripts are finalized, the animators begin the process of creating the animation. This involves drawing the characters and backgrounds, animating the movements and expressions, and adding in special effects and sound effects. The animators use a combination of traditional hand-drawn techniques and digital animation software to bring the characters to life on screen.In addition to the animation, “SpongeBob SquarePants” also features a talented cast of voice actors who bring the characters to life through their vocal performances. The voice actors work closely with the animators to match their voices to the movements and expressions of the characters, creating a seamless and immersive viewing experience for the audience.Conclusion“SpongeBob SquarePants” is a timeless and iconic cartoon animation that has captured the hearts of viewers around the world. Its colorful characters, witty humor, and imaginative storytelling have made it a beloved and enduring classic in the world of animation. By combining traditional hand-drawn techniques with modern digital animation, the creators of “SpongeBob SquarePants” ha ve brought a unique and captivating world to life for audiences of all ages to enjoy.篇3Title: Introduction to a Cartoon TV Show and How It is MadeIntroductionIn today's media-saturated world, cartoons and animated TV shows have become a mainstay in popular culture. One such popular cartoon TV show is "Adventure Time", created by Pendleton Ward. In this essay, I will introduce "Adventure Time" and delve into the process of how it is made.About "Adventure Time""Adventure Time" is an American animated television series that aired on Cartoon Network from 2010 to 2018. The showfollows the adventures of a boy named Finn and his magical dog Jake in the Land of Ooo, a post-apocalyptic world filled with whimsical creatures and colorful characters. Throughout its run, "Adventure Time" garnered a large and dedicated fanbase due to its unique blend of humor, heart, and imagination.The Making of "Adventure Time"Creating an animated TV show like "Adventure Time" is a complex and labor-intensive process that involves various stages. Here is an overview of how the show is made:1. Development: The creation of "Adventure Time" started with Pendleton Ward pitching the concept to Cartoon Network. Once the show was greenlit, a team of writers, artists, and animators began developing the characters, storylines, and visual style of the show.2. Storyboarding: The next step in the production process is storyboarding, where the writers and artists create a visual outline of each episode. This involves sketching out key moments and dialogue to establish the pacing and structure of the story.3. Voice Acting: Once the storyboard is finalized, the voice actors record their lines in a studio. The actors bring thecharacters to life through their performances, adding depth and emotion to the dialogue.4. Animation: The animation process is where the drawings and voice acting come together to create movement and action. Animators use specialized software to bring the characters and scenes to life, frame by frame, capturing the essence of the story.5. Editing and Sound Design: After the animation is complete, the final touches are added in the editing and sound design stage. Editors fine-tune the pacing and timing of the episode, while sound designers add music, sound effects, and ambient noise to enhance the immersive experience.ConclusionIn conclusion, "Adventure Time" is a beloved cartoon TV show that has captured the hearts of audiences around the world. The process of creating such a show is a labor of love that involves the collaboration of talented artists, writers, and animators. Through their dedication and creativity, they bring to life a vibrant and enchanting world that continues to inspire and entertain viewers of all ages.。
Speech-Driven Cartoon Animation with EmotionsY an Li,Feng Yu∗,Ying-Qing Xu,Eric Chang,Heung-Y eung Shum Microsoft Research China,3F Sigma Center,No.49Zhichun Road,Beijing100080,China{yli,yqxu,echang,hshum}@ABSTRACTIn this paper,we present a cartoon face animation system for multimedia HCI applications.We animate face cartoons not only from input speech,but also based on emotions de-rived from speech ing a corpus of over700utter-ances from different speakers,we have trained SVMs(sup-port vector machines)to recognize four categories of emo-tions:neutral,happiness,anger and sadness.Given each input speech phrase,we identify its emotion content as a mixture of all four emotions,rather than classifying it into a single emotion.Then,facial expressions are generated from the recovered emotion for each phrase,by morphing different cartoon templates that correspond to various emotions.To ensure smooth transitions in the animation,we apply low-passfiltering to the recovered(and possibly jumpy)emotion sequence.Moreover,lip-syncing is applied to produce the lip movement from speech,by recovering a statistical audio-visual mapping.Experimental results demonstrate that car-toon animation sequences generated by our system are of good and convincing quality.KeywordsMultimedia HCI,cartoon animation,speech emotion recog-nition,lip-syncing1.IntroductionFacial animation has been an active research topic for com-puter graphics and multimedia.In particular,facial anima-tion can be used as an effective communication channel for human-computer interface(HCI).For instance,MPEG4has a face and body animation committee that defines how the human face and body should be modeled and transmitted. More and more commercial products have been developed recently in the forms of talking heads,virtual friends,face ∗Visiting from Computer Science Department,Tsinghua University,China.email,talking shows,virtual announcers,and so on[1,2,3, 4].By animating human faces in cartoon forms,we can add some artistic styles[10,24].Directly animating human faces is challenging because there are so many parameters to be controlled for realistic fa-cial expressions.To alleviate such difficulties for animators, speech-driven animation techniques(e.g.,[8,9])have been proposed to learn the mapping between the voice and the facial motion,and then to drive the facial animation from the speech signals.However,most previous face animation systems,to the best of our knowledge,have not considered explicitly the emotions existing in the speech signal.While speaking the same content,people may have significantly different facial expressions depending on whether they are happy or sad.Emotions must be considered in facial ani-mation systems[11,22].Although much work[15,19,20]has been done for emo-tion analysis in thefield of speech recognition,there are some difficulties in analyzing emotions from speech.It is not clear how many categories of emotions should be con-sidered for facial expressions and facial animation.Recogni-tion of emotions has been shown to be much more difficult than recognition of phonemes or words.For example,recent work reports that human subjects can categorizefive differ-ent emotions(normal,happy,angry,sad,and afraid)with the average accuracy of63.5%[21].In comparison,in the speech recognitionfield,character accuracy rates for large vocabulary continuous speech recognition tasks can be well over90%[12].In our work,we simplify emotion analysis in two ways.First, because our purpose of analyzing emotions is to animate cartoons,we can afford to classify the speech into only four different but representative emotions:neutral,sadness,hap-piness,and anger.Second,instead of classifying the utter-ance into one of these four emotional categories,we model the emotion in the utterance as a mixture of all emotions. For each of the emotions,we generate a series of cartoon templates corresponding to the intensity of the emotion. For example,five cartoon templates are used to represent the emotion from neutral to happy.Given the recovered emotions from speech signal,facial expressions can be gen-erated by morphing between these cartoon templates.A real-time lip-syncing algorithm is also developed in our sys-tem to make the cartoon animation more lively and believ-Figure 1:System overview.The system consists of two parts:emotion-driven cartoon animation and speech-driven cartoon animation.100%75%50%25%0% (always neutral)SadnessHappinessAngerFigure 2:Four different levels (25%,50%,75%and 100%)of the cartoon face templates for three emotions (anger,happiness and sadness).The first levels of these three emotions (or 0%intensity)correspond to neutral emotion.able.What is novel about our lip-syncing method,com-pared with conventional phoneme-viseme mapping,is that it is based on low-level acoustic speech signals.Therefore,it is language-independent,and applicable to multi-lingual translation agents.The remainder of this paper is organized as follows.Sec-tion 2outlines the framework of the emotion-and speech-driven cartoon animation system.Section 3describes the emotion recognition algorithm.In Section 4,we discuss how the recognized results are used to drive the cartoon model.Section 5explains our real-time lip-syncing algorithm.Some experimental results will be shown in Section 6.We conclude in Section 7with discussion and future work.2.System OverviewFigure 1shows an overview of our system.Our system con-sists of two parts:speech-driven cartoon animation,and emotion-driven cartoon animation.First,a speech emotion recognition system is developed.To train the emotion clas-sifier,we collected a corpus containing over 1000utterancesfrom different speakers appearing in a variety of videos and movie clips.Support vector machines (SVM’s)are trained to classify each utterance into four categories:neutral,happi-ness,sadness and anger.In the recognition process,we seg-ment the input utterance into phrases automatically.The trained SVM’s are then applied to each phrase to yield a continuous emotion curve for every emotion.The emotion-driven cartoon animation begins with a small number of hand-drawn sample sketches of annotated faces (templates),each of which corresponds to a specific facial expression (Figure 2).We have an artist draw four car-toons for each emotion.An appropriate cartoon template is selected from the library according to the recognized emo-tion intensity.Facial animation is generated by morphing between different cartoon templates.The key to speech-driven cartoon animation is a real-time lip-syncing algorithm.Instead of conventional phoneme-viseme mapping (e.g.,[9,18,25]),our algorithm uses the acoustic feature vector (e.g.MFCC used in speech recogni-tion)as system input.The advantage of using the acousticFigure3:An emotion space where the origin is the neutral expression.Any motion is considered as a mixture of three emotions(sadness,anger and hap-piness).feature vector is that different languages(e.g.,Chinese and English)do not require training different models.In the training stage,all the lip configurations(training data)are clustered into a set of templates automatically.For each template,a generic model is trained to map from acoustic feature vector to visual feature vector in real time.In the synthesis stage,we employ Bayesian estimation to obtain the most probable lip configuration for a given acoustic vec-tor.Finally,the cartoon animation sequence is synthesized by combining morphed cartoon templates with the synchro-nized lip configurations.3.Emotion AnalysisAs an important human behavior for conveying psycholog-ical information,emotion has been studied for centuries. Many aspects of emotions have been studied for emotion-antecedent appraisal,emotion induction,physiological reac-tion and expression of emotion(facial and vocal),and emo-tional behavior on autonomous agents[5].3.1Emotion Modeling and Evaluation From the psychological point of view,human emotions are often described as some subjective perceptions such as hap-piness,sadness,surprise,etc.From the experimental and computational perspective,however,we require emotion to be classified explicitly by some parameters.More specif-ically,the intensity of an emotion can be measured by a value,which can be further used to drive the cartoon face model.Four emotions are recognized in our system:neutral,hap-piness,sadness and anger.Although they cannot encom-pass all emotions present in speech,it has been shown that humans can recognize them from utterances with less am-biguity.In addition,these four emotions are representative enough for a cartoon animation system,especially for appli-cations such as talking shows,avatars and teleconferencing. However,it is difficult to accurately recognize these four emotions.For the purpose of cartoon animation,rather than assigning a single emotion to an input utterance,we assume that the input utterance is a mixture of several emotions with different intensities.As shown in Figure3,we model Table1:Number of training samples for each emo-tionNeutral Anger Happiness Sadness242215136128human emotion as a point in an emotion space.Neutral emotion is placed at the origin of this space because it can be used to describe the relative lack of other emotions.Three axes represent the intensity of sadness,happiness and anger, respectively.Note that the three axes do not need to be orthogonal in the emotion space.Modeling human emotion in such a three-dimensional continuous space is meant to be a simplification for recognition and animation,as we later show.3.2Training DataWe have collected more than1000movie clips and extracted the acoustic data from the clips as training data,where the average clip length is about10seconds.The utterances are carefully selected from speakers with different genders and ages.A trained experimenter classified the utterances into four categories:neutral,happiness,sadness and anger.In a separate step,we hadfive adult subjects listen to each of the utterances and determine its emotion category.An utterance is considered to be valid as training data only when all the subjects agree unanimously with the initial classification.Table1shows the number of training samples for each category in our experiment.3.3Feature ExtractionWe extract the acoustic features as used in[15].For each ut-terance,a16dimensional vector with the following elements is calculated:•Statistics related to rhythm:Speaking rate,Average length between voiced regions,Number of maxima/ number of(minima+maxima),Number of up slopes /number of slopes.•Statistics on the smoothed pitch signal:Min,Max, Median,Standard deviation.•Statistics on the derivative of the smoothed pitch:Min, Max,Median,Standard deviation.•Statistics over the individual voiced parts:Mean min, Mean max.•Statistics over the individual slopes:Mean positive derivative,Mean negative derivative.3.4Continuous Speech Emotion Recog-nitionIn our system,we use continuous input speech to drive a car-toon face model.We build multidimensional discriminators to classify each utterance into its proper category.Because the emotion recognizer is trained from a set of utterances and the emotion can only be stable within a short period, we need to segment the continuous speech into phrases.Foreach phrase,we apply the recognition algorithm that pro-duces the proportions of each emotion in that phrase.The segmentation algorithm is based on the following assump-tions:•The intensity of an emotion is unchanging within a given phrase.•The emotion is neutral when the phrase is silent or the classifier cannot determine the emotion category of that phrase.Because the acoustic features are extracted from pitch,the phrases can be separated at regions where the pitch value appears to be zero for a period T.T can be used as a param-eter to tune the smoothness of the emotion.For instance, T should be small when speech emotion changes drastically. On the other hand,a large T is used to generate smooth emotion transitions.In our experiments,we set T=40ms. For analysis,we process each phrase as a whole.Because dif-ferent features extracted from the audio data are correlated, nonlinear classifiers need to be designed.Existing emotion recognition algorithms are mostly based on K-nearest neigh-bor(KNN)or neural networks.In our system,we use sup-port vector machines(SVMs)that can be trained quickly without considering the correlations between different fea-tures.Moreover,training data are separated from the recog-nition process after we obtain the classifiers.We have im-plemented SVMs using Gaussian kernels:K(x i,x j)=e− x i−x j 2/2σ2.(1) Four1-v-r(one-versus-rest)SVMs are trained to distinguish one class from the three others.After the training process, we obtain four two-class classifiers S i(v)(i=1...4),where v is the feature vector.The recognition process can be rep-resented byv∈class(if S i(v)>0)v is rejected by classifier i(if S i(v)≤0)(2)Because the discriminative plane tends to approach the class with more training samples,the performance of SVM will be influenced by the numbers of positive and negative training samples.For each discriminator,we select training samples randomly from data sets and choose the numbers of positive and negative training samples that are nearly equal.For example,in order to train an SVM that recognizes the emo-tion“anger”,we select150anger-labeled utterances as posi-tive samples.The negative samples meanwhile consist of50 happiness-labeled,50neutral-labeled and50sadness-labeled samples.Table2shows the performance of the SVMs and their corresponding training samples.The performance of the classifier is evaluated by judging whether the automatic classifications yield the same label as the subjective ones. In our experiment,the most clearly recognizable emotion is neutral,and the recognition performance of happiness and anger is relatively poor.However,what we have found is that even for human listeners,it is very easy to confuse between happiness and anger.Our results are comparable with the state-of-art results recently obtained by other re-searchers[15,19].Table2:Performance of SVMs and training sample numbersNumber of training samplesA H NSAccuracy Anger16246495277.16% Happiness31102313265.64% Neutral61681946483.73%Sadness3134319670.59%Figure4:Filtering the emotion curve.The solid lines are the emotion recognition results.The dash line is the smoothed emotion curve.One benefit of an SVM discriminator is that it will provide a recognition confidence,which can be considered as the proportion of a specific emotion in that phrase.We will describe in Section4.2that the proportion can be used to morph between different cartoon templates.4.Animating Facial ExpressionsThe emotion recognition results are then used to generate cartoon animation,using cartoon templates drawn for all four emotions.4.1Cartoon Face TemplatesAs shown in Figure2,the cartoon face model begins with a set of hand-drawn images.For each emotion,we have an artist draw four cartoons that correspond to different emo-tion levels or intensities ranging evenly from25%to100%. Since neutral emotion is the origin in the emotion space, we need only one template for it.In other words,thefirst level(or0%intensity)of three emotions(sadness,anger and happiness)always corresponds to the neutral emotion. 4.2Facial Expression Animation Because the emotion discriminators produce a determinis-tic metric for each emotion in a phrase,the emotion will change abruptly between neighboring phrases.Directly an-imating the facial expression from those outputs will result in frequent face jitter.Therefore,we apply Gaussianfilters to the emotion curves to generate a smooth emotion tran-sition.For example,Figure4shows the emotion curve of happiness before and after low-passfiltering.Similarly,we can obtain smooth emotion curves for sadness and anger.At any time instant,we have three values that measure the intensity of emotional happiness,sadness,and anger in a speech phrase,represented by w h,w s and w a.We only use three emotions here because we assume the emo-tion is neutral when the phrase is silent or the discriminator cannot determine the emotion category of that phrase.In the animation process,wefirst quantify the emotion in-tensity intofive levels.For each emotion,appropriate car-toon templates are chosen from the library according to the emotion level.Thefinal facial expression is generated by morphing between the cartoon face templates:I=w h I h+w s I s+w a I ah s a,(3) where I h,I s and I a are cartoon templates for each emotion. Before creating the animation,we have the artist place con-trol lines upon key facial features such as the eyes,mouth, chin and nose.The control lines are placed in the same order so that we can build the correspondence between dif-ferent templates.In our system,we use thefield morphing technique proposed in[6]to animate the face templates. Compared with other morphing techniques,field morphing has the advantage of easy-control and smooth transition. Figure6(A)shows an example sequence generated by our system.Note that the facial expression changes smoothly. The lip shape does not change in this sequence because we only animate the facial expressions in this step.5.Lip-SyncingIn order to enhance the realism of facial animation,we have developed an algorithm that synthesizes lip configurations from speech[13,17].Three problems should be considered for lip-syncing:•how to represent the audio and visual signals•how to define the audio-visual mapping•how to train optimal model parametersGenerally speaking,speech signals in a speech recognition system can be represented at three different levels:front end (or signal level),acoustic model(or phoneme level)and lan-guage model(or word level).Although each of the three lev-els can be applied within a lip-syncing system,much consid-eration should be taken for a specific application.Because a high-level signal representation is associated to more con-text cues,better results can be achieved using the latter two methods.At the same time,a higher input signal level necessitates a more complex system.For example,phoneme-viseme mapping has been used to generate very exciting results in the“Video Rewrite”system [8].But there are some drawbacks for phoneme-viseme map-ping.First,there is no standard definition for a phoneme set,and a variety of phoneme definitions have been adopted for different languages.Second,to obtain a correct segmen-tation of phonemes for an individual’s speech,many param-eters need to be tuned to maximize the performance of the acoustic model according to the speaker’s gender,dialect or st,in order to obtain a phoneme sequence for a given speech,we have to incorporate a speech engine in the lip-syncing system—a severe hindrance for real-time implementation.In our lip-syncing system,we propose a new algorithm that directly maps low-level acoustic signals to visual signals.It0.07457840.033330.05948940.08965840.04453910.03774640.06487930.06750470.07281050.1083890.07151290.07153550.1088170.05294060.0422692Figure5:More than1200training frames are clus-tered into15classes.The value below each proto-lip represents its relative proportion.is a very important design decision to use low-level acoustic signals.Because the low-level acoustic signals come from the front-end output,our approach has the benefits of real-time processing and simple and language-independent audio-visual mapping relations.Details of the lip-syncing system are de-scribed in this section.5.1Audio and Visual Signal Represent-ingIn our system,we calculate the Mel-Frequency Cepstrum Coefficients(MFCC)and the delta coefficients[23].These coefficients are commonly used for speech recognition and are robust and reliable to variations according to speakers and recording conditions.In our system,we also use these coefficients as features tofind the mapping between audio and visual signals.To simplify the synthesis process,we have also adjusted some parameters that are typically used in speech recognition systems to produce a more intuitive mapping.Specifically in our system,PAL video(25fps)sequences are used as training data.The sampling rate of speech is44.1 KHz with16-bit resolution.Under this configuration,the speech signal is blocked into windows of40ms each that correspond to a25-Hz sampling rate in the visual domain. For each audio frame,an18-dimensional feature vector(with 9MFCC and9delta MFCC values),a=(a1,a2,...,a18)T, is calculated to represent the speech signal.In our2D animation system,the lip of the cartoon character is modeled by a closed Catmull-Rom spline[16]determined by ten control points.The lip can then be animated by manipulating the control points to different positions.5.2Model TrainingSince each control point is a2D point,we model the lip con-figuration as a20-dimensional random vector v=(v1,v2,..., v20)T.The random vector is assumed to have a distribu-tion formed by a mixture of n Gaussian distributions.Each cluster,or component of the mixture distribution,is param-eterized by its relative proportionπi,its meanµi and its covariance R i.In order tofind the mapping between the audio and visual feature vectors,we assume the following:•All the lip configurations of a cartoon character can be clustered into several classes called,proto-lips.•Any given lip configuration can be represented by a linear combination of these proto-lips.From the above assumptions,thefirst step in the training process is to obtain the key lip templates and their weights (or relative proportions).Although the training data can be obtained by some vision-based techniques such as eigen points[14],creating more artistic work for cartoon face an-imation is more important than depicting the character re-alistically;so training data can also be derived from manual labeling results by an artist.After we have obtained the training data,an unsupervised algorithm is adopted to model the Gaussian mixtures[7]. The training data isfinally clustered into n classes(n=15in our case).Figure5shows the mean(proto-lip)and relative proportion for each class.Note that(µ1,µ2,...,µn)is not the linear decomposition in vector space because v may not lie in the span of(µ1,µ2,...,µn).Since these templates represent the lip configuration well,any new configuration can be approximated by a linear combination of the proto-lips.Given the proto-lips,the next step is to classify each lip configuration in the training data into different classes.Here we use the Mahalanobis distance as the similarity measure, i.e.,v i∈classifˆk=arg mink (v i−µk)T R−1i(v i−µk)(k=1...n).(4)Because each lip configuration corresponds to an18-dimen-sional acoustic feature vector a=(a1,a2,...,a18)T,all the samples in the audio vector space are also classified into n classes,each of which is associated with a proto-lip template. We further assume that the random vector a i for class i has a Gaussian distribution and each dimension in the vector distributes independently.By regression,we can compute the mean¯a ij and covarianceσij for each Gaussian model (for class i,dimension j).After the training process,we have the following model parameters:•Proto-lip templatesµi and their relative proportionπi (i=1...n)•Mean¯a ij and covarianceσij for the j-th dimension of i-th class for the acoustic feature vector(i=1...n, j=1...18).5.3Audio to Visual MappingGiven a new audio clip,wefirst segment the audio signal into frames of40ms each.Then the acoustic feature vector a for each frame is calculated as the system input.Since we do not have any information about the lip configuration when the speaker is silent,we assume that the mouth is closed when the speech energy is below a predefined thresh-old.Otherwise,we approximate the lip configuration by a linear combination of the proto-lips.Since we assume each dimension of the acoustic feature vector distributes indepen-dently,the likelihood p(a|µi)can be represented by:p(a|µi)=18Yj=11√2πσijexp(−(a j−¯a ij)22σ2ij).(5)According to Bayesian estimation,the posterior probability p(µi|a)isp(µi|a)=p(a|u i)p(µi)nPi=1p(a|µi)p(µi)(6)where p(µi)=πi is the prior.Then the mapping result becomesv=nXi=1µi p(µi|a).(7)Due to mapping error and the existence of noise,the syn-chronized sequence will appear toflutter open and closed inappropriately.Thus,we apply a Gaussianfilter to the synthesized sequence to achieve a smooth transition between neighboring frames.6.Animation ResultsAfter we obtain the facial expression and lip-syncing results, the two components are combined to generate thefinal an-imation.Figure6shows three animation sequences gen-erated by our system:emotion-driven cartoon animation (A),speech-driven cartoon animation(B)and combination of both(C).It can be seen that convincing facial expression can be generated according to the emotion recognition re-sults.In addition,lip configuration is synchronized with the character’s speech.7.Conclusions and Future Work In this paper,we have proposed a system to animate car-toon faces from speech with emotions.Our system consists of two components:emotion-driven cartoon animation,and speech-driven cartoon animation.First,a speech emotion recognition system is ing a corpus of over1000 utterances from different speakers,we have trained SVM’s to recognize four categories of emotions:neutral,happiness, anger and sadness.Given an input speech,the emotion recognizer can generate a smooth transition curve for ev-ery emotion,which is further used to drive a cartoon face model.The cartoon face model consists of a small num-ber of hand-drawn templates.Facial expressions are then animated by morphing between these templates.Moreover, the lip shape of each cartoon frame is synthesized from the input audio.Our lip-syncing algorithm uses acoustic sig-nals rather than conventional phoneme-viseme mapping and therefore is language-independent and can run in real-time. The lip shapes are then composed with the morphed facial expression images to form thefinal cartoon animation.We believe our emotion-and speech-driven cartoon animation system will be very useful for HCI applications on desktop PCs and on the Internet.While our cartoon results are encouraging,there remain a number of areas to be further explored.First,the emotion recognition can be improved.And more emotions such asCBAFigure6:An example animation sequence.A.Facial expressions without lip-syncing(emotion-driven cartoon animation).B.Lip-syncing without facial expressions(speech-driven cartoon animation)bination of A.and B.surprise,disgust and fear can be used to enhance the real-ism of the cartoon animation.Currently,our system can only deal with frontal faces.We plan to investigate cartoon animation with different head poses.Both image-based and model-based techniques will be considered.8.AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank Jianlai Zhou for providing the pitch extraction code,and Chao Huang for helpful discussions on the lip-syncing algorithm.References[1].[2].[3].[4].[5]http://www.unige.ch/fapse/emotion.[6]T.Beier and S.Neely.Feature-based image metamorphosis.In Proc.ACM Siggraph92,pages35–42,1992.[7] C. 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