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初中语法之名词掌握要点:名词的分类（专有名词和普通名词）名词的数 1）区分可数名词和不可数名词，区分方法2)可数名词的复数变化，分为规则变化及不规则变化名词所有格含义、构成两种形式:’s所有格及of所有格知识点：一、名词的分类1.专有名词：名字（人名、地名、书名、机构名）、与国家有关的(国家、国民、语言）、日期（节日、星期、月份）例句：My name is Lucy. I am a Chinese。
I will go to the Great Wall on Monday。
2.普通名词：包括可数名词和不可数名词个体名词表示个体的人或事物例： sister、table、bike、window可数名词集体名词表示一群人或一些事物例: family、police、class、group物质名词表示构成物体的物质或材料例： water、air、wood不可数名词抽象名词表示状态、品质、行为、感情等例： danger、interest区分方法:将物体分成两半，如果每半不能叫原名，则为可数名词，如果还可叫原名，则为不可数名词。
注：有些单词意义发生变化,单复数也发生变化，例:glass作玻璃杯时可数，作玻璃时不可数。
身兼二职的名词对照表二、名词的单复数形式（1) 规则变化：名词的复数构成，通常是在单数形式后面加-s或—es1、一般情况在词尾直接加s ，例 bags。
2、以s、x、sh、ch结尾的词加—es,例bus-buses box—boxes。
3、以“辅音字母+y"结尾的词，y变成i加—es 例 city-cities；以“元音字母+y”结尾的词，直接加s.4、以o结尾的除potato（马铃薯）、tomato（西红柿)、hero（英雄)加es，其余直接加s.5、以f或fe结尾的词，多数变f或fe为v加es，roof、proof直接加—s,例 life-lives wife—wives roof –roofs。
1.名词（n.）：名词用来表示人、事物或抽象概念，如：boy 男孩，morning 早晨，duty 责任；在句子中主要作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、同位语、定语等。
例如：The tomatoes on the table are very fresh. 桌子上的西红柿很新鲜。
（作主语）He is a doctor. 他是个医生。
（作表语）We’ll call the baby Mary. 我们要给这个婴儿取名玛丽。
（作宾语补足语）英语的名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。
表示可以计数的事物的名词叫可数名词，一般有单数和复数形式两种形式，但有时两种形式是相同的。
可数名词单数形式可以与不定冠词连用，例如：a book（一本书）；an apple （一个苹果）。
可数名词复数形式可以与few，a few，many，several等连用，例如：a few girls。
不可数名词是表示不可以计数的事物的名词，不能用不定冠词a（an）或数词one修饰，并且不分单复数，物质名词、抽象名词和专有名词一般都是不可数的，例如：milk （牛奶）；education（教育）。
2. 可数名词的单数变为复数的规则：（1）一般情况下，在可数名词的单数形式后面加字母-s构成复数形式。
例如：book －books pen －pens eraser －erasers（2）以字母x；s；ch；sh结尾的单词，其复数形式是在单词后面加字母-es。
例如：bus －buses box －boxes watch －watches（3）以辅音字母＋ｙ结尾的可数名词，其复数形式是把字母ｙ变为i再加-es。
例如：baby －babies country－countries city －cities注意：如果是以元音字母＋y结尾的单词则直接加字母-s。
例如：boy －boys toy－toys（4）以字母f或者fe结尾的可数名词，其复数形式是先把字母f变为v再加-es。
初中英语语法知识—名词的专项训练及答案一、初中英语名词选择题1．—Do you have a ping-pong ball?—Yes. I also have two ________ .A．bat B．a bat C．bats【答案】C2．We need one baseball and two ________.A．baseball bats B．baseballs bats C．baseballs bat【答案】A3．—Who are the men over there?—They are ________ fathers. They both teaching English in our school.A．Mike and Jack B．Mike and Jack’s C．Mike’s and Jack’s D．Mike’s and Jack 【答案】C4．The ________ teachers have two ________ to live in.A．woman; room B．women; rooms C．woman; rooms D．women; room 【答案】B5．This is my dress. That one is ________.A．Mary B．Mary’s C．sister D．mother【答案】B6．I can see some ________ in his schoolbag.A．book B．books C．e-mail D．e-mails【答案】B7．Three ________ and a pair of ________ are on the desk.A．toy buses, shoe B．toys buses, shoes C．toy buses, shoes【答案】C8．Now ________ is very serious. Some rivers and lakes are ________. A．pollution；pollute B．polluted；pollution C．pollution；polluted D．pollute；polluted9．________ of the information ________ translated into German by the ________. A．Two three; is; Germany B．Two thirds; is; Germans C．Two third; are; Germen 【答案】B10．My name is Tina Smith. My ________ name is Smith.A．first B．given C．full D．last【答案】D11．—Is that your pencil?—No. It’s ________ pencil.A．your B．Mary’s C．Mike D．my【答案】B12．—Do you think ________ can have a part-time job?—Yes, I do. They can learn a lot from working, and it’ll be good for them in the future. A．fifteen-year-olds B．fifteen years old C．fifteen-year-old【答案】A13．Which city is the capital of Japan?A．Shanghai B．Tokyo C．Bangkok D．Beijing【答案】B14．There is some ________ on the plate.A．apple B．bread C．banana D．sandwich【答案】B15．— Here is a photo ________ our school.—Thank you ________ your photo. It’s very nice.A．to, for B．to , of C．of , for D．of ,to【答案】C16．This is my brother. His name is ________.A．Anna B．Jane C．Jeff D．Mary17．The day after Wednesday is ________.A．Tuesday B．Monday C．Thursday D．Sunday【答案】C18．—Is this __________ computer?—No, it’s __________. That’s her present.A．you; my sister B．your; my sister’s C．your; my brother D．yours; my brother’s【答案】B19．I jumped ________ than Bill in the sports meeting last year, the ________ is 2. 2 meters.A．higher; height B．high; highC．highest; height D．the highest; high【答案】A20．The boy is ____________, and he is always in good ____________. A．healthy; healthy B．health; health C．healthy; health D．health; healthy 【答案】C21．—Hi, Tony. Would you like to go to ________ birthday party?—Sounds ________. I can’t w ait.A．Ben and Bill’s; great B．Ben and Bill’s; boringC．Ben’s and Bill’s; bad D．Ben’s and Bill’s; interesting【答案】A22．—How many ________ would you like?—Two, please.A．tins of Coke B．tin of Coke C．tins of Cokes D．tin of Cokes 【答案】A23．— How far is it from your home to school?— About ________ walk.A．20 minutes B．20 minute’s C．20 minutes’D．20 minute 【答案】C24．—Do you like ________?—No, I don’t like vegetables. I like ________.A．tomatoes; chickenB．tomatoes; chickensC．tomatos; chicken【答案】A25．—How old is your sister?—She is ________. She is ________ girl.A．eight-year-old, a eight years old B．eight-year-old, an eight years old C．eight years old, an eight-year-old D．eight years old, an eight-years-old 【答案】C26．The silence was broken by the __________ of the rain on the windows. A．falling B．knocking C．beating D．sweeping【答案】C27．Look! Some _______ are in the pencil box. They are Jack’s.A．eraser B．computer C．erasers D．computers 【答案】C28．Lucky money carries the two _______ wishes for a Happy New Year. A．child B．child’s C．children D．children’s 【答案】D29．In such hot weather, ________ can refresh you.A．a bit water B．a bit of water C．a lot water D．lots of waters 【答案】B30．— I want to know a famous city for________.— Beijing is such a city. There are some________ of interest.A．sightsee; place B．sightsee; placesC．sightseeing; places D．sightseeing; place【答案】C31．For everyone’s health, the food safety is getting more and more ________. A．attention B．delicious C．expression D．progress【答案】A32．—Would you like beef and _________ noodles?—No. But I like noodles with beef and_________.A．cabbage； tomato B．carrot； tomatoesC．carrots； tomatoes D．cabbages； tomato【答案】B33．Katherine was excited to receive a dozen of roses from her husband on _______ Day.A．Woman B．Women C．Woman’s D．Women’s【答案】D34．—Are all the boys from __________ in your school?—No, there are only five __________ in our school.A．German；Germans B．German；GermenC．Germany；Germans D．Germany；Germen【答案】C35．This is Class 3, and it’s classroom.A．Lucy and Mary B．Lucy’s and Mary C．Lucy and Mary’s D．Lucy’s and Mary’s【答案】C36．I was surprised at the news of Kobe’s ________.A．die B．died C．dying D．death【答案】D37．There are two ________ in the city.A．car’s factory B．car’s factories C．factories of car’s D．car factories【答案】D38．Reading great books has a good ________ on the development of a child. A．choice B．secret C．influence D．introduction【答案】C39．Are there any ________ on the table?A．meat B．beef C．potatoes D．fruit【答案】C40．The month before April is ________.A．May B．March C．June D．July【答案】B41．—What would you like for breakfast?—I’d like _________.A．tomato noodle B．tomato noodles C．tomatoes noodles 【答案】B42．The police _______ looking for the little boy.A．be B．am C．is D．are【答案】D43．Do you want to have ________?A．two cups of tea B．teas C．two cup of tea 【答案】A44．—I often go to the science museum on the weekend.— I guess we have different . I love novels.A．troubles B．interests C．promises D．standards 【答案】B45．—Look, who are they?—They are ________ fathers. They are math teachers.A．Frank and Grace B．Frank’s and Grace C．Frank andGrace’s D．Frank’s and Grace’s【答案】D46．Kate and Alice are in the same ________, but they are in different ________. A．grade；class B．grade；classes C．grades；class D．grades；classes 【答案】B47．The ________ has two ________.A．girls; watch B．girl; watch C．girl; watches D．girls; watches 【答案】C48．The letter is ________ . Please give it to ________.A．Tom’s; he B．Tom’s; him C．my; me D．hers; hers【答案】B49．—Are there any ________ between the two buildings?—No. I think they are the same.A．differences B．looks C．trees D．people【答案】A50．As________ honest girl, Lucy has told us the________ .A．a; truth B．an; true C．an; truth【答案】C。
教学课题名词知识目标:理解掌握名词的概念、基本用法。
目标能力目标:理解和灵活使用名词，根据句子需要使用正确的名词形式。
重点:名词的灵活使用；可数名词单复数变形；名词所有格。
重点难点难点:理解英语里的单复数概念。
过程1.导入2.名词的概要3.课堂同步练习与讲评4.小结---名词的用法5.拓展练习与讲评专有名词名词名词意义:表示人、事物或抽象概念的词。
如:Shanghai,Lilei,desk普通名词国名地名人名可数名词不可数名词团体机构名称首字母大写个体名词表单个的人或者事物集体名词表一群人或一些事物的总称抽象名词表无法分为个体的物质物质名词表抽象概念的词如:Jim,June,China,Harbin.teacher,apple…family,police…water,money…health,friendship…1.可数名词(个体名词和集体名词):有单复数之分A.不规则变化常见的有:单复数同型:man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,child-children,mouse-mice... Chinese Japanese people sheep deer fish(中日友好永不变)a Chinese---two Chinese;a Japanese--- four Japanese(英法联盟a变e)an English--- eight Englishmen;an Frenchman---nine Frenchmen (其他后面加s)a German---five GermansB.规则变化情况一般的词以s,sh,ch,x结尾以0结尾以辅音＋y结尾以f/fe结尾构成＋s＋es有生命，+es；无生命，+s改y为i＋es改f为v＋es例词day-days desk-desksmatch-matches boss-bossestomatoes,potatoes,heroesbaby-babies fly-flieswife-wives leaf-leavesphotos,kilos, 1. Some ____ and ____ will come to visit our school next month.A. Germans; EnglishmansB. Germen; EnglishmenC. Germans; EnglishmenD. German; Englishman2.Look! There are three ______ and two ______ at the school gate. Let ’s show them around our school.A. Frenchman; GermanB. Frenchmen; GermanC. Frenchmen; GermansD. Frenchmans; Germans写出下列名词的复数形式1piece shoe orange lake23456789busbodyboylifezootomatomanGerman foxcitykeyleafpianoherowomanChinese glassenemyholidayyourselfradiotoothfishermanchild wishbabywaywolfphotofootapplesheepC.复合名词的复数变化规则: man 和 woman 都要变 girl 和 boy 却不变1 men doctors boy students 1. They are________.2women drivers girl football playersA.man doctorB.men doctorsC.men doctorD.man doctorsD.常考可数名词knifesecond chance size decisionvoicestomachacheminute mistake shape invitationtastetoothachequarter question invention concertsmellcoldhour problem discovery playexpressionfeverweek idea message ticketintroductioncoughyear suggestion difference sightcelebration1.If you work harder, you'll have another_________ to play the violin at a concert.A. sleepB. chanceC. mistakeD. problem2.-Lily, could you please pass me the_________? I want to cut the apple.-Sure, here you are. A. pen B. pencilC. bookD. knifeE.常见复数标志all/both基数词two...many/someseveral几个a few/fewotherthese/thosedifferentare/were在一般现在时的条件下,遇到复数名词,或代词,动词用原形:we all come from China.1.Those white socks____small.A.areB.isC.amD.do2.How many_____do they have?A.pictureB.picturesC.a picture3.We are_____,but they are________.A.Germans;JapaneseB.Germen;JapaneseC.Germans;JapanesesD.Germen;Japanese4.__________turn green in spring.A.LeafB.LeavesC.LeaveD.Leafs5.Look!The kites in the sky are in different_____.Some are big and some are small.A.sizeB.sizesC.colorD.colors6.I can see some________on the hill.A.sheeps and deersB.sheep and deerC.sheeps and deerD.sheep and deers2.不可数名词(1)不可数名词没有复数形式,不能与a/an或具体数字连用,但特指某物时可以与定冠词the连用。
初中语法名词专项训练第一篇嗨，亲爱的小伙伴们！今天咱们来聊聊初中语法里超级重要的名词专项训练哟！你知道吗，名词就像是我们语言世界里的一个个小宝贝，到处都是它们的身影。
比如说，“苹果”“书包”“老师”，这些都是名词呀！咱们先来说说名词的分类。
有普通名词，像“桌子”“椅子”；还有专有名词，像“北京”“长城”。
是不是还挺有趣的？再看看名词的数，一个苹果是“apple”，两个苹果可就得变成“apples”啦！这变化可得记住哟！还有名词所有格，“小明的书包”要用“Xiaoming's schoolbag”，这里面的小撇可别丢啦！咱们做练习的时候，可要睁大眼睛，看清楚题目里说的是单数还是复数，是普通名词还是专有名词。
千万别马虎哟！比如说，“There are some _ (child) playing in the park.” 这里就得用“children”，因为是复数形式嘛。
怎么样，是不是觉得名词也没那么难啦？加油加油，咱们一起把名词拿下！第二篇嘿，小伙伴们！又到了咱们的语法学习时间，今天的主题是名词专项训练哟！名词呀，就像是我们生活中的好朋友，时刻陪伴着我们。
比如“花朵”“小狗”“学校”，它们可都是名词哟！咱们来瞧瞧名词的一些小秘密。
有的名词永远都是单数，像“maths”“news”，是不是有点奇怪？还有呀，集体名词也很有趣，“family”有时候表示一家人，是复数；有时候又表示家庭，是单数，得看具体情况哟！说到做题，那可得细心啦！“I have two _ (knife).” 这里就得用“knives”，因为“knife”变复数是要把“fe”变成“ves”的。
还有“These _ (photo) are very nice.” 答案是“photos”，因为“photo”的复数直接加“s”。
做题的时候多想想名词的这些规则，就不会出错啦！咱们一起多练习，让名词变得乖乖听话，好不好？加油呀，小伙伴们，我相信你们一定能掌握好名词的！。
初中英语语法名词用法讲解及专项练习【考点讲解】一、名词的分类二、可数名词与不可数名词(一) 可数名词名词分为可数和不可数名词。
物质名词与抽象名词一般属于不可数名词，它们只有单数形式；个体名词和集体名词一般是可数名词，通常有单数和复数两种形式。
1. 单数变复数的规则【注】 ① 常见的以o 结尾要加es 的有如下几个：hero, tomato, potato ,可记为“英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆”。
剩余以o 为结尾的加s ：如photo, zoo, piano等② 以f 或fe 结尾变f 或fe 为v+es 的词有如下：小偷的妻子用刀把狼劈成两半，一半放在书架上，一半放在树叶上2. 不规则复数形式(1) 元音或词尾发生变化：child- , man- , woman-_________, foot- , tooth- , mouse-policeman -___________, Frenchman-_________Englishman-(2) 单复数形式相同： (3) 形式为复数，意思为复数：people ，police(4) 形式为复数，意思为单数：news, maths, physics(5) 只能用复数形式：trousers, shoes, glasses ……【注】○1man，woman作定语修饰别的名词时，要把man，woman和其他部分都变成复数，如man teacher –，woman doctor –_____________；○2但是其他合成名词，只需把其中心词变成复数形式。
如：shoe factory- , banana tree-3. “某国人”的复数形式“中日不变英法变，其余s加后边”(二)不可数名词不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词，一般没有复数形式1. 物质名词有water, rice, tea, milk, chicken(鸡肉), fish(鱼肉), food, fruit, beef,orange(橙汁), sugar, salt, paper(纸), porridge, bread, sand, juice,chalk等；抽象名词有news, music, time(时间), information等；2. 在英语中，不可数名词如果要表示“量”的概念，可以用以下两种方法：(1) 用much, a little, a lot of/lots of, some, any等表示多少，例如：a lot of money / some milk / any water / much snow(2) 用“a piece / glass / cup / bottle / bag of+不可数名词”或“数词pieces /glasses / cups / bottles / bags of+不可数名词”这类定语，例如：a piece of paper ( wood / bread) →a bottle of orange →a glass of wate r →a cup of tea →a bag of rice →3. 不可数名词不能与数词或不定冠词a/an连用；4. 注意有些名词既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，此时中文意思有区别。
初中英语语法讲解第一讲名词·考点一：名词的分类名词可以分为专有名词、普通名词和复合名词三类：1、专有名词是人名，地名、江河湖海名、书名、歌曲名你，机构名，节日名或者某一事物所特有的名称。
如Einstein、Beijing、the yellow river、CCTV、September、Tuesday、the spring festival等。
2、普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词。
普通名词又可分为下面四类：（1）个体名词：表示单个人或单个事物。
如：gun、kid 、book。
（2）集体名词：表示一群人或一些事物组成的集合体。
如：family。
（3）物质名词：表示无法分为个体的物质、材料、食品、饮料、液体、气体、金属等名称的名词，如：pork、wood、bread、water、air。
（4）抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念及学科、疾病。
如：work 。
Hunger、honesty 、love、Chinese、success、HIV。
3、复合名词指有两个或两个以上的词构成的名词。
主要由名词、动词、副词、形容词以及介词组合而来。
如：head master（校长）、rain fall（降雨量）、black board（黑板）·考点二：名词的复数形式引入概念：可数名词和不可数名词：能具体计数的名词都是可数名词，不能具体计数的名词都是不可数名词。
个体名词和集体名词一般都可以用数目来计算，而物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算。
专有名词往往只指一个人或者物，没有必要用具体数值计数，故一般也视为不可数名词。
1、可数名词的数（1）规则变化（先给出词，提问，之后给出结论，再练习）（2）不规则变化2、不可数名词的数由于是不可数故没有词性变化表示方法：数词或者冠词+量词+of+不可数名词，（量词可以是单数也可是复数）a glass of water \two cups of tea\ a piece of paper（常见的不可数名词：air beef bread coffee food fruit hair ice money meat milk music orange paper rice salt sand silk snow time water weather wind wood wool fire news information fun blood等）3、复合名词的数（1）中间有连字符或间隔的复合名词，将中心词变为复数，如：sisterinlaw→sistersinlaw(嫂子)passer-by →passers-by（路人）练习：looker-on→lookers-on（2）中间无连字符或间隔的复合名词，直接按照变为复数，如：housewife-housewivesbookshelf-bookshelves（3）特殊情况：复合词中第一个词为是man或woman，则将复合词中两个词都变为复数，如：man worker →men workerswoman teacher →women teachers4、特殊情况(强调积累和练习！！)（1）有些不可数名词有复数形式，表示不同的类别时，可以用复数。
初中英语语法之名词用法和解析ble, ice, duck, flag... 这些简单的英语单词，它们的名词意义就算对初学英语者来说也一定是小菜一碟，但老外经常把它们当做动词用，它们的动词意义和用法你知道吗？1. table：名词，桌子；当动词用，是指开会时延期讨论提案等，也就是暂缓审议。
（to postpone discussion of a bill or suggestion until future time); 例如：They tabled the motion at the meeting.I made the motion and he seconded it.（我提案，他同意。
) (second 这里是动词，意思是赞成；to second the motion 也就是附议）We are tabling this matter until further notice.（我们延期讨论这件事，以后再说。
）2. pride：名词，荣誉；当动词用，是指感到得意或自豪。
（to take pride in something）例如：We prided ourselves on our good work. (我们为自己工作的表现而自豪。
)I have long prided myself on being a good teacher. (我一向以身为一名称职的老师?而自豪。
)注意：to pride oneself on和 to be proud of 或 to take pride in 意思相近，只是用法和后面所跟的介词不同而已。
例如：They take great pride in her daughter who is now a famous scientist.I am very proud of being a Chinese.3. carpet：名词，地毯；当动词用，是覆盖的意思。
第一章名词大家好，我是名词家族(Nouns)中的一员，来认识一下我们一家人吧，让我们成为朋友（friends）吧。
driver mouse flowerhouse可数名词police牛肉beef水water不可数名词友谊friendship小玉Xiaoyu专有名词巴黎pairs同学们，观察以上集合，我们能够看出，名词就是表示人，事物，地点或抽象概念的名称。
名词又可分为专有名词与普通名词。
专有名词表示个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称，如：Beijing, Tom, the People’s Republic of China(中华人民共和国)。
而普通名词是指许多人或事物的共有名称。
如：pupil, family, man, foot.普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计量的名词,如：box, child, orange；又可分为集体名词与个体名词。
不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计量的名词。
如：water, news, oil, population, information .好了，我们先了解这么多，你会很快对我家的每一位成员熟悉的。
加油！试一下，把上面图中的单词填在适当的空格中，相信你一定能填正确。
专有名词普通名词国名地名人名，团体机构名称可数名词不可数名词个体名词集体名词抽象名词物质名词第一节可数名词找一找：小朋友，快来读一读下面的例句，找一找，你能发现什么吗？1. There are lots of tomatoes in the basket on the table.桌子上的篮子里有很多的西红柿。
2.Ａdeer has four legs.鹿有四条腿。
3. The monkeys are very fat. 这些猴子很肥。
4. Her two brothers are both policemen. 她的两个哥哥都是警察。
5. The boy often brushes his teeth before he goes to bed.这个男孩经常睡觉前刷牙。
初中语法之名词掌握要点：名词的分类（专有名词和普通名词）名词的数1）区分可数名词和不可数名词，区分方法2）可数名词的复数变化，分为规则变化及不规则变化名词所有格含义、构成两种形式：’s所有格及of所有格知识点：一、名词的分类1.专有名词：名字(人名、地名、书名、机构名)、与国家有关的(国家、国民、语言)、日期（节日、星期、月份）例句：My name is Lucy. I am a Chinese. I will go to the Great Wall on Monday.2.普通名词: 包括可数名词和不可数名词个体名词表示个体的人或事物例: sister、table、bike、window可数名词集体名词表示一群人或一些事物例: family、police、class、group物质名词表示构成物体的物质或材料例: water、air、wood不可数名词抽象名词表示状态、品质、行为、感情等例: danger、interest区分方法：将物体分成两半，如果每半不能叫原名，则为可数名词，如果还可叫原名，则为不可数名词。
注：有些单词意义发生变化，单复数也发生变化，例：glass作玻璃杯时可数，作玻璃时不可数。
身兼二职的名词对照表二、名词的单复数形式(1) 规则变化：1、一般情况在词尾直接加s , 例bags。
2、以s、x、sh、ch结尾的词加-es，例bus-buses box-boxes。
3、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，y变成i加-es 例city-cities；以“元音字母+y”结尾的词，直接加s。
4、以o结尾的除potato(马铃薯)、tomato(西红柿)、hero(英雄)加es，其余直接加s。
5、以f或fe结尾的词，多数变f或fe为v加es, roof、proof直接加-s，例life-lives wife-wives roof –roofs。
(2)不规则变化1、单词拼写发生变化man-men woman-women policeman-policemen foot-feet tooth-teeth mouse-micechild-children2、某国人变复数，口诀：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面例：an Englishman-Englishmen an American-Americans(3)不可数名词一般只用单数，它不能与a/an及数次搭配使用。
表示数量时用量词搭配。
例：a cup of coffee(一杯咖啡) two glasses of milk(两杯牛奶)three pieces of paper(三张纸) four bottles of water(四杯水)三、名词所有格含义：名词所有格表示名词之间的所有关系。
表示形式：一种是’s所有格，一种是of所有格Beijing is China’s capital.= Beijing is the captital of China.This is Tom’s bike = This is the bike of Tom.Lily is the key’s owner.= Lily is the owner of the key.1、’s所有格构成单数名词及不以s结尾的复数名词，只需在词尾加’s，如Lucy’s pen路西的钢笔Children’s Day（儿童节）；以s结尾的复数名词，只加’ , 如the students’ books 学生们的书。
2、几个人共有的东西，只需在最后一个人的名词后加’s, 如Lucy and Lily’s bedroom(露西和莉莉的卧室)。
表示各自所有，则每个名词都加’s,如Lucy’s and Lily’s desks(露西的桌子和莉莉的桌子)。
典型例题讲解1. They got much _____ from those new books.A. ideasB. photosC. newsD. stories解析: much 是用来修饰不可数名词的, A B D三个选项均是可是名词的复数形式, C项为不可数名词, 因此选C.2. I have two _______ and three bottles of _________ here.C. oranges, orangeD. orange, oranges解析: orange 有两种含义, 一种可数名词橘子, 另一种是不可数名词橘汁, 此题第一空应填可数名词, 第二空填不可数名词, 因此选C。
3. Every evening M r. King takes a _________ to his home .A. 25 minutes’ walkB. 25 minute’s walkC. 25 minute walkD. 25 minutes walk解析: 句中的minute应该用其复数的所有格形式,只+’,而不能+s,因此选A。
4. An old _______ wants to see you.A. peopleB. personC. the peopleD. the person解析: person 与people 都有”人”的意思, 但用法不同. “一个人”用“a person”,“两个人”用“two persons”; people 泛指“人们”是集合名词,表示复数, the people 指“人民”, a people 指“一个民族”. 应选B。
5. Help yourself to __________.A. chickens and applesB. chickens and appleC. chicken and appleD. chicken and apples解析: chicken 可用作可数名词指小鸡,用作不可数名词指鸡肉,根据词题意应理解为鸡肉;apple为可数名词, 故应+s, 因此选D。
6. Oh, dear. I forgot the two _________.A. room’s numberB. rooms’ numberC. room numbersD. rooms’ numbers解析: room number 房间号码. room可直接用作定语修饰后面的名词. 类似的还有my phsics teacher,two bus drivers 等. 应选C。
7. She has been in Tianjin for ten years. Tianjin has become her second _________.A. familyB. houseC. homeD. room解析: family指的是家庭或是家庭成员; house指的是房子(住所); room 指的是房间;而home 指的是家, 因此选C.8. ________ mothers couldn’t go to the meeting, because they have gone to Shanghai .A. Mary and Peter’sB. Mary and PeterC. Mary’s and PeterD. Mary’s and Peter’s解析: 此句中“mothers”是复数,表示两个人各自的母亲,因此应选D。
9. Li Lei has been to __________ many times this month.A. her uncl eB. her uncle’sC. her unclesD. aunt’s解析: 此句意为“李雷这个去她舅舅家多次”. 表示具体场所时, 可省去所有格后面的名词.因此选B。
10. He is a success as a leader but he hasn’t ________ in teaching.A. many experiencesB. much experienceC. an experienceD. a lot experience解析: experience 作“经验”讲时是不可数名词, 作“经历”讲时是可数名词. 本句中应理解为“经验”,因此是不可数名词,排除 A C. 又因 a lot of , lots of, plenty of 只用于肯定句, 不用于否定句, 因此选B。
11. A classmate of _________ was here ten minutes ago.A. youB. yourC. your s isterD. your sister’s解析: 此题考查名词的双重所有格.应选D。
A. Frenchmen, GermansB. Germans ,FrenchmansC. Frenchmans , GermenD. Germen , Frenchmen解析: Frenchman 是复合词,其复数形式为Frenchmen; German 的复数为直接在单词末尾+S, 应选A. team ________ having a meeting .A. isB. areC. amD. be解析: team 是一个集合名词,即可表示复数意义(指整个小组) , 也可指小组中的成员(表示复数), 此题意为后者, 因此选B。
14. “Would you like _________” “________, please.”A. drink, Three coffeesB. a cup of drink, CoffeesC. a drink, A coffeeD. a drink, Three cups of coffees解析: drink 和coffee是不可数名词, 可以用…of来表示数量, eg, three cups of coffee,当前面加a 时,则表示“一杯”．因此选C。
15. The Great Wall was made not only by _______, but also the flesh and blood of ________ men.and stone, millions of B. earths and stones, millionsC. the earth and stone, million ofD. the earths and stones, millions解析：earth 是不可数名词，因此删除B D,数以百万的应为millions of .因此选A。
名词练习题1. This is ___ reading-room.A. the teacher’sB. teacher’sC. teacher’sD. the teachers’2. Nothing was found but ___ broken.A. the room windowB. the room’s windowC. the room of the windowD. the window of room3. How many___ would you likeA. paperB. breadC. pieces of papersD. pieces of bread4. He was praised for his ___.A. braveB. braveryC. bravelyD. great brave5. Please get me a new ___ when you go to town.A. clothesB. dressC. clothingD. trousers6. There are 34___ doctors in the hospital.A. womanB. womenC. woman’sD. women’s7. Some___ are even thinner than your little finger.A. bambooB. bamboosC. kinds of bambooD. kinds of bamboos8. He was born in this town and now he lives in ___.A. Building secondB. Building TwoC. the Building TwoD. Building the Second9. Old as he is, he has ___to do every day.A. a lot of workB. much worksC. lots of homeworksD. quite a lot of homeworks10. Jack’s room is furnished with ___.A. new furnituresB. many new furnituresC. many new pieces of furnituresD. many new pieces of furniture11. Have you read ___newspaper yetC. the today’sD. your today’s12. It’s not far, only ___walk from here to our school.A. a ten minutesB. ten minutesC. a ten minutes’D. ten minutes’13. Last month, he wrote me ___letter.A. a 1000-wordB. 1000 wordsC. a 1000-wordsD. 1000 words’14. He had a ___sleep yesterday.A. a good nightB. a good-nightC. a good night’sD. good-night’s15. ___is not a long way to drive.A. Three miles distanceB. Three-mile distanceC. Three miles’ distanceD. A three-mile-distance16. His isn’t f it for the work. Please get me ___.A. something elseB. somebody elseC. someone else’sD. somebody’s else17. Do you know how large ___ isA. population of ChinaB. Chinese populationC. China populationD. China’s populat ion18. ___ is too much for the boy to carry.A. The box weightB. The box’s weightC. The weight of the boxD. The box of the weight19. Excuse me, how can I get to the nearest ___ shopA. shoesB. shoeC. shoes’D. shoe’s20. What ___ weather we’re having these days!A. niceB. a niceC. a badD. worse21. They say that the meeting will be ___.A. of very importantB. great importanceC. of great importanceD. great important22. I’m going to call at ___ this evening.A. Mr BlackB. the BlacksC. Mr Black’sD. Blacks’23. What Darwin said was an attack on people’s religious ___.A. beliefB. beliefsC. beliefsD. believs24. There are some ___waiting for you outside.A. GermanB. AmericanC. grown-upD. Japanese25. Their factory has developed a kind of ___ to help people walk.C. a machineD. the machine26. There’re many ___ in my brother’s album.A. leafsB. toysC. booksD. stamps27. Yesterday I went to the super market and bought a lot of ___.A. tomatoesB. potatosC. vegetableD. meats28. Upon hearing what I said, his ___ rose.A. angerB. angryC. angrilyD. angriness29. Excuse me, can you change this ___ for meA. five-pound noteB. five pounds noteC. five-pound notesD. five pounds notes30. You have to make ___ for your journeyA. preparingB. preparationC. a preparationD. preparations31. While washing up, she broke a ___.A. glass wineB. wine glassC. glass of wineD. wine of glass32. You have worked out the plan and now we must put it into ___.A. fallB. realityC. practiceD. deed33. Here’s my card, Let’s keep in ___.A. touchB. relationC. connectionD. friendship34. I’ll loo k into the matter as soon as possible, just have a little ___.A. waitB. timeC. patienceD. rest35. If by any chance someone comes to see me, ask him or her to leave a ___.A. messageB. letterC. sentenceD. notice36. We walked all the ___ to the museum.A. tripB. roadC. wayD. journey37. Scientists are watching for the earliest ___ of harmful ___ on the world’s weather.A. signs; effectsB. marks; affectC. tracks; affectionsD. instance; effections38. These young people are now making an active ___ to save the old temple.A. partB. effortC. decisionD. plan39. Don’t push to the front; you have to wait your ___.A. chanceB. dutyC. lineD. turn40. You need more ___ to keep fit.A. practiceB. trainC. exercises1-5 DADBB 6-10 BCBAD 11-15 ADACC 16-20 CDCBA 21-25 CCBDA 26-30 DAAAD 31-35 BCACA 35-40 CABDD。
