英专高英5 unit6 优质课件
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Unit1Main Idea:T o facilitate one’s own process of cognition and one’s communication with others, one must be able to choose the right word from the extensive vocabulary of the English language.Purpose of writing and Tone:To inform learners of English as foreign language the way of mastering English, thus presenting in a serious manner.Organization and DevelopmentDirections:Read through the whole text very quickly, find out the main idea of each paragraph, decide whether some paragraphs can be grouped together to form a section and how each section is related to the other.OrganizationIntroduction(P1):Using an analogy to dramatize the importance of choosing right words for one’s purpose in writing;Body (2-10):Conclusion (P11):Emphasizing quality over quantity in the mastery of English words;Body (2-10):(P2-3) Addressing double functions of the correct choice of words / significance of finding the right words;(P4-7) Semantic differences between words having the same root;(P8) Wrong choice of words caused by failure to recognize their connotations;(P9) Stylistic differences between synonyms;(P10) The abundance of specific words in English for general notions;Unitu3▪Main Idea:This profile (short, vivid biography, briefly outlining a person’s most outstanding characteristics: his ability, personality, or career) is mainly about Einstein’spersonality and his incomparable contributions to science.▪Purpose of writing and Tone:The purpose is to illustrate with anecdotes some characteristic features of Einstein both as a man and as a scientist.Organization and Development:▪Introduction (P1):Using the word “simplicity” to begin the illustration of Einstein’s essence▪Body (P2-19):Aspects of Einstein the author wants to present▪Conclusion: (P20)Summing up what it means to have known Einstein and his work.Body(P2-19)▪P2-4: About his modesty;▪P5-7:Einstein’s brief life history and his two great theories;▪P8-11: About his concentration on work;▪P12-13: About his love of natural simplicity;▪P14-16: About his academic courage;▪P17-18: About his sense of justice;▪P19: About his youthful innocence;▪Conclusion: (P20)Summing up what it means to have known Einstein and his work.Unit 41) Main Idea:The millions who are poor in the United States are not simply neglected and forgotten as in the old rhetoric(言谈,辞令) of reform, and what is much worse, they are not seen.2) Purpose of writing and Tone:To seriously call attention to the poverty of the U.S. which is somehow concealed. Organization and Development:I. Introduction:(P1-2) Introduce the topic:It takes an effort of intellect and will even to see them;II. Body:The causes of the invisibility of the poor in the U.S.A.(II). Body: (P3-17)The perennial 长期的causes that make them invisible;I). The normal and obvious causes of the invisibility:1. Poverty is often off the beaten track.2. Beauty and myths are masks of poverty.II). A new kind of blindness about poverty:1. Transformation of the American cities isolates the poor from sight of others.2. Well-meaning ignorance keeps concerned and sympathetic Americans fromknowing the truth about the poor.3. Many of the poor are the wrong age to be seen.4. The poor are politically invisible.III. Conclusion:(P18) Reiterate the theme: They are not seen besides being invisible.The invisibility of the poor in the U.S:1. Poverty is often off the beaten track. (para. 4)2. Beauty and myths are perennial masks of poverty. (para. 5)3. The very development of American society is creating a new kind of blindnessabout poverty. (paras. 6 - 9)4. The new segregation of poverty is compounded by a well-meaning ignorance.(paras. 10 -12)5. Many of the poor are the wrong age to be seen. (paras. 13 -14)6. The poor are politically invisible. (paras. 15 -16)Unit 5Main Idea:The domination of television has exerted strong influence on the way of life of many American families, diminishing their daily activities and affecting the sound growth of their children.Purpose of writing and Tone:•To seriously demonstrate the dangers of the domination of television in American families•Organization and Development:•Introduction: (P1-4)•Introduction of the topic --- the effect of television on family life as viewed by early observers;•Body: (P5-16)•Discussion about the effect of television on family life, esp. on children•Conclusion: (P17)•The domination of television will surely affecting the sound growth of their children. Unit6Main Idea of the passage:•In the passage, basically a narrative, the author intends to tell his readers what happens in the year 1884-1885: his failure in examinations and his discovery of the right way to prepare himself for college, which he thought was a period of great adventure for him.Structure of the passage:•P.1-4 --- His failure and the cause of it;•P.5-12---His private tutor’s influence on him (to think and discover all by himself)•P.13-18---He found the best preparation for college in the stimulating Saturday night conversations among all those Oxford and Cambridge men (P16-17): what he gained from the conversations.Unit7•1) Main Idea:•By applying such methods of persuasion as refuting opposing views and citing results of research and observations, the author argues for replacing the traditional heterogeneous classroom with grouping pupils according to their interest and ability•2) Organization and Development I:•Introduction: (P1-4)•Body: (P5-19)•Conclusion: (P20)para.1-2:the author begins the essay with a definition of “gifted children”para.3-4;the author states his viewpoint “group them as nearly as possible according to interest and ability..”, and give suggestion on how to group them. para.5-13: the author refutes some opposing views about grouping the gifted. Para.5-9:the author states two fears about grouping the gifted. i.e. creating a caste of intellectual snobs and making slow students feel inferior.Para.10-13; grouping does not affect achievement.Para.14: the author points out the drawback of heterogeneous classroom .i.e. “frustration of both the slow and bright students.”Para.15. the maintain that there is no need to worry about pushing gifted students beyond their endurance.Para.16-19: the author cites the result of a successful experiment in grouping pupils according to their different reading abilitypara.20: conclusion: since it is possible to group children in reading class, it is possible to do the same in science , social studies and mathematics.Unit81) Main Idea:●No matter how advanced the technology, quality demands intelligent,motivated human thought and action (l.13-15) and the heeds to a constant quality problem.2) Purpose of writing and Tone:●To trace the cause of the shoddy goods problem.Thread of Harris's causal analysis:●He first of all makes it clear that the cause is basically human rather thantechnological.●Then instead of plunging immediately into such likely causes as unskilledlabor and lack of responsibility, he turns to look at what made the artifacts of primitive cultures so reliable in quality, the very lack of which is the cause ofshoddy products in modern industrialized society.●Organization and Development:●(P1)Theme:No matter how advanced the technology, quality demandsintelligent, motivated human thought and action;●(P2-4)Some reflection about primitive cultures to help illustrate the theme;●(P5)In our era of industrial mass production and marketing, quality is aconstant problem due to withering away of intimate sentimental and personal bonds.●Para. 1-2:Quality is not determined by technology alone.●Para. 3:The author explains the source of quality, and the formation ofsocial relationship between producer and consumer.●Para.4: The whole paragraph is an illustration of the difference made bythe Intimate, permanent and caring relationship between the producer and the consumer.●Para.5.The alienation of the producer feels for consumer has caused theproblem of shoddy products. I.e. (1) the quality has nothing to do with personal intellect /profits, so why should I care about whether the product will last or not? (2) profit making is more importantUnit9Main Idea of the passage:⏹With a critical attitude towards the mass media, the writer tries to get hisargument across: the responsibility of the news media is to search out and report on important event --- whether or not they come under the heading of conflict, confrontation, or catastrophe.Structure of the passage:⏹(P1-9)Leading readers to the conclusion / Cousins' argument;⏹(P10-13)Strengthening the viewpoint by examples;⏹Organization of the text by XU:Part I: (Para 1 - 4)Introducing the topic by referring to a question raised in a public symposium(“Why are the newspapers and the television news programs so disaster-prone?”)Part II: (Para 5 -- 10) By defining the word “news”, the author explains why “bad news” is always reported while “good news” overlooked. He goes on to point out the adverse consequence of such practicePart III: (Para 11-13) The author argues that the media are obliged to serve as the “public philosopher”, responsible for affecting the public attitude in the right manner. (obligations of the media) And this explains why progress (“good news” ) should be reported.Unit10Main IdeaThe increasing number of throw-away products available in the market has had a strong psychological impact on consumers; they have come to feel that their relationships with things are getting more and more transient. Organization of the text by XUSection 1 (paras. 1-3): introductory section:exemplification (of Barbie Doll in para. 1 & para. 2)to introduce the thesis statement (para.3)Section 2 (paras. 4—6):generalization / elaboration on the thesis statement: the profusion of man-made objects, their importance to the individual (i.e., functional utility and psychological impact), and the attitudes induced.Section 3 (7-12):more examples and illustration to support the argumentSection 4 (para. 13):conclusion: the causal chain: throw away products →throw away mentality →a set of radically altered values with respect to property →decreased durations in man-thing relationships →a throw-away society.。
高级英语第五册第六单元SummaryandResponses6Text I Give Me Liberty or Give Me DeathThis is a speech delivered by Patrick Henry in 1775. His aim was to persuade American people to take up weapons to achieve their independence from colonial domination of Britain.First, he told people that they should not indulge in the illusions of hope and should face painful truth. All what British ministry had done turned out that they didn’t want to give Americ an people peace and didn’t want to negotiate with them, especially their fleets and armies which are the tools of war and subjugation had proved that they wanted to made American people be slaves, so there was no hope for peace, and the only way was fighting.Second, he said that American people were not weak, as long as they could make a proper use of what God had given them, and were unite as one to fight for liberty, they were the strongest than any others. Besides, the God of justice would help them. So the war was inevitable.I think this speech is very convincing. He used many rhetorical devices, such as parallelism, repetition and rhetorical question, which made the speech overbearing and momentum, so it could persuade people easily. Besides, the speech is logical. First, he expressed his admiration to other speakers for their patriotic feelings. Then he analyses two reasons that people didn’t want to resort to weapons: one is their illusion of hope, the other is they thought they were weak. So his speech content focused on these two points, and made a detailed elaboration step by step, and gave people some compelling reasons. At last he came to his point: the only way out is to resort to force toachieve independence and liberty. At last, the speech greatly inspired people’s passion of fighting for independence.So I think Henry was good at delivering speech and he was outstanding. I admire his talent very much.In my opinion, I think we should resort to force when a nation’s liberty is threatened, thou gh peace is pursued by everyone. But when we lose our liberty and independence, peace will never exist, and our country will fill up with violence, there is never no civilization for slave, that is to say we will never get true peace. Sometimes, force and weapons are the premise of peace, while surrender can only get a second-long peace, what’s worse, it can lead to a permanent slavery where people will suffer a lot. So in order to get peace and liberty, force is necessary, and everyone should fight for peace and liberty.Text II I Have a DreamThis is a speech delivered by Martin Luther King in 1963. In his speech, he called for the elimination of racial discrimination in the United States and he hoped for the equality between Black men and white men, and he believed that Black men could enjoy the same rights as white men.First, he described the situation of Black men in American Society. Although one hundred years ago, the Emancipation Proclamation was signed, one hundred years later, Black men were not free and they were still discriminated against by white men;their life was still hard; their situation was still shameful; they still lived at bottom of society; they still had no political rights. Then he expressed his determination and will to change the current situation of Black men. At last, he described the prospects after the dream came true:At that time, all individuals couldstart life with an equal chance of success and were free to say and did whatever they wished, all kinds of racial could be equal and had the same rights, which expressed his Attic faith and resolutions to get liberty and equality.King’s speech expressed Black’s wishes, and it revealed the point clearly, it was logical, firm and affective, and people were shocked by his voice of freedom. Besides, in his speech, he used similes, metaphors, and parallelism, which made his speech vivid, powerful and convincing, so it added strength to his logical arguments, which made both Black men and white men be completely convinced.I think King is an outstanding orator, his speech I Have a Dream not only gave people a deep impression, but also played an important role in changing Black men’s status. People were deeply affected by its powerful forces and they stepped on the road of pursuing great dream of freedom, equality and democracy.However, nowadays, there is still some discrimination; so strictly speaking, King’s dream doesn’t come true completely so far. But there is no doubt that he was a great man, and he had made great contribution to t he Blacks’ movement of struggling for their equal rights, liberty, peace and democracy, and he also set a good example for the whole world. He was not only a hero in American history, but also the hero of the world.。