毕业设计-重型货车驱动桥设计

本科学生毕业设计

重型货车驱动桥设计

系部名称： 汽车与交通工程学院

专业班级： 车辆工程B07-5班

学生姓名：

指导教师：

职 称：

The Graduation Design for Bachelor's Degree

The Design for Driving Axle of Heavy

Truck

黑龙江工程学院本科生毕业设计

I

摘 要

驱动桥作为汽车四大总成之一，它的性能的好坏直接影响整车性能，而对于载重货车显得尤为重要。当采用大功率发动机输出大的转矩以满足目前载重汽车的快速、重载的高效率、高效益的需要时，必须要搭配一个高效、可靠的驱动桥。所以设计出结构简单、工作可靠、造价低廉的驱动桥，能大大降低整车生产的总成本，推动汽车经济的发展。

本设计首先论述了驱动桥的总体结构，在分析了国内外现状、驱动桥各部分结构形式及其以往形式的优缺点的基础上，确定了总体设计方案：采用整体式驱动桥，主减速器的减速型式采用双级减速器，主减速器齿轮采用螺旋锥齿轮，差速器采用普通对称式圆锥行星齿轮差速器，半轴采用全浮式型式，桥壳采用铸造整体式桥壳。在本次设计中，主要完成了双级减速器、圆锥行星齿轮差速器、全浮式半轴的设计和桥壳的校核材料的选取等工作。

关键词： 驱动桥；设计；计算；校核；材料 黑龙江工程学院本科生毕业设计

II

ABSTRACT

Drive bridge as one of its four Assembly vehicles, which have a direct impact on the

performance of vehicle performance, and load goods vehicles is very important. When using

the high power output of the engine torque to meet current fast and heavy-truck when the

need for efficient, cost effective, must be used with an efficient, reliable drive axle. Design

structure is simple, reliable, low cost drive axle, can greatly reduce the total cost of vehicle

production, promote the economic development of the automobile.

This design first expositions has driven bridge of overall structure, in analysis has at

home and abroad status, and driven bridge the part structure form and past form of

advantages and disadvantages of Foundation Shang, determine has overall design

programme: used overall type driven bridge, main reducer of deceleration type type used

double level reducer, main reducer gear used spiral cone gear, differential used General

symmetric type cone planet gear differential, half axis used full floating type type type,

bridge shell used casting overall type bridge shell. In this design, the major completed a

two-stage reducer, planetary gear differential, full floating axle with tapered design and

check of axle of selection of materials and so on.

Key words: Driving axle；Design；Calculation；Checking；Material 黑龙江工程学院本科生毕业设计

i

目 录

摘要………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ

Abstract .............................................................................................................. II

第1章……………………………………………………………………………………...1

1.1 汽车驱动桥概述 ...................................................................................................... 1

1.2驱动桥国内外相关研究进展 ................................................................................... 1

1.2.1 国内研究进展 ................................................................................................. 1

1.2.2 国外研究进展 ................................................................................................. 2

1.3 驱动桥的种类 .......................................................................................................... 3

1.3.1 非断开式驱动桥 ............................................................................................. 4

1.3.2 断开式驱动桥 ................................................................................................. 4

1.4 驱动桥结构组成 ...................................................................................................... 5

1.4.1 主减速器 ......................................................................................................... 5

1.4.2 差速器 ............................................................................................................. 9

1.4.3 半轴 ................................................................................................................. 9

1.4.4 桥壳 ............................................................................................................... 10

1.5 设计的主要内容 .................................................................................................... 10

第2章 主减速器设计 .................................................................................... 12

2.1 主减速器结构方案的分析及确定 ........................................................................ 12

2.1.1 主减速器比的计算 ....................................................................................... 12

2.1.2主减速器结构方案的确定 ............................................................................ 13

2.2 主减速器齿轮设计 ................................................................................................ 13

2.2.1 主减速器齿轮参数的选择 ........................................................................... 13

2.2.2 主减速器齿轮计算载荷的确定 ................................................................... 14

2.3 主减速器齿轮的材料及热处理 ............................................................................ 15

2.4 主减速器螺旋锥齿轮的计算 ................................................................................ 16