英语语法术语汇总(中英对照)

词性 part of speech16)动态动词 event verb17)静态动词 stage verb1.名词 noun3.形容词 adjective proper noun1)专有名词4.2)普通名词 common noun副词 adverb1)方式副词3)可数名词 countable noun adverb of manner2)程度副词 adverb of degree4)不可数名词 uncountable noun3)时间副词 abstract noun adverb of time5)抽象名词4)具体名词 concrete noun地点副词 adverb of place6)5)修饰性副词7)物质名词 material noun adjunct6)连接性副词8)集体名词 collective nounconjunct7)疑问副词 interrogative adverb individual noun9)个体名词8)关系副词 relative adverb动词2. verb5.代词 pronoun transitive verb1)及物动词1)人称代词2)不及物动词 intransitive verb personal pronoun2)物主代词 finite verb form3)限定动词 possessive pronoun3)非限定动词4) non-finite verb form名词性物主代词 nominal possessivepronoun main verb5)主动词4)形容词性物主代系动词6) link verb 词 adjectivalpossessive pronoun7)助动词 auxiliary verb5)情态动词8) modal verb反身代词reflexive pronoun6)指示代词 regular verb规则动词9) demonstrative pronoun7)疑问代词 interrogative pronoun不规则动词10) irregular verb8) phrasal verb短语动词关系代词 relative pronoun11)9) finite verb限定动词不定代词 indefinite pronoun12)6.13) infinite verb非限定动词冠词 article1)14)causative verb使役动词定冠词 definite articleindefinite article不定冠词2)verb of senses感官动词15)．7.数词 numeral8.介词 preposition9.基数词 cardinal numeral连词 conjunction1)10.感叹词 exclamation2)序数词ordinal numeralnumber/case/gender格//性一、数3.性 gender1.数 number1)阴性 feminine1)单数形式 singular form2)2)阳性 masculine复数形式 plural form3)中性neuter3)规则形式 regular form4)通性 common irregular form4)不规则形式4.人称 person格2. case1)第一人称 first person1)普通格 common case2)2)所有格 possessive case第二人称 second person3)第三人称 third person nominative case3)主格宾格4) objective case二、句子成分 members of sentences5)同源宾语 cognate object主语1. subject5. predicate谓语定语 attribute 2.6.3.状语表语 predicative adverbial7.4.宾语同位语 appositive object8.双宾语1)补语 dual object complement1)2)主语补足语 direct object直接宾语 subject complement2)3)宾语补足语 object complement间接宾语 indirect object4)复合宾语 complex object三、句子 sentence （基本句型 basic sentence pattern）compound sentence并列句2. simple sentence简单句1.3.复合句 complex sentence4)反义疑问句 disjunctive question5)附加疑问句复合句 compound complextag question4.并列6)修辞疑问句 rhetorical question sentence7)5.感叹疑问句declarative sentence exclamatory question陈述句8.6.存在句 existential sentence 肯定句 positive sentence9.否定句 negative sentence7.疑问句 interrogative sentence10.祈使句 imperative sentence general question1)一般疑问句11.省略句 elliptical sentence特殊疑问句2) special question12.3)感叹句alternative question exclamatory sentence选择疑问句四、语气/语态语序 mood/voice/order/ii.部分倒装 partial inversion 1.语气 mood3)直接引语 direct speech indicative mood1)陈述语气4)间接引语 indirect speech祈使语气2) imperative mood5)自由直接引语 free direct speech3)虚拟语气 subjunctive mood6)语态2. voice自由间接引语 free indirect speech5. active voice主动语态一致 agreement1)1)主谓被动语态 passive voice一致 subject-predicate2)agreement3.否定 negation2)语法一致 grammatical agreement否定范围1) scope of negation3) full negation 全部否定概念一致 notional agreement2)4)3) partial negation局部否定就近原则principle of proximity5)4)转移否定强调 emphasis shift of negation6)语序 4. order重复 repetition6.1)自然语序语音 natural order pronunciation1)2) inversion倒装语序语调 tonerising tone声调2) full inversion全部倒装i.3)降调 falling tone12)层次 rank13)句子4)升降调 falling-rising tone sentence14)从句 clause7.文本 style15)词组 formal phrase1)正式文本9.非正式文本 informal词类 part of speech2)1)单词3)口语 spoken/oral English word2)实词套语4) formulistic expression notional word3)虚词 structural word5)英国英语 British English4)单纯词 simple word6)美国英语 American English5)派生词 derivative usage8.用法6)复合词 compound感情色彩1) emotional coloring10.句法关系 syntactic relationship commendatory2)褒义并列 coordinate3)贬义 derogatory1)从属 humorous4)幽默 subordination2)sarcastic modification修饰3)讽刺5)6) pre-modification4) ironic挖苦前置修饰 post-modification词性7) part of speech后置修饰5) restriction限制 grammar8)语法6) syntax双重限制double-restriction7)句法9)10) non-restriction morphology词法8)非限制11) structure结构五、从句 clause subordinate clause1.从属句 predicative clause表语从句2) coordinate clause并列句2.宾语从句 object clause3)名词性从句3.同位语从句 nominal clause appositive clause4) attributive clause定语从句 4. subject clause主语从句1)．5.宾语从句 object clause purpose8)条件状语从句 adverbial clause of6.主语从句 subject clausecondition同位语从句 appositive clause7.i.真实条件状语从句 adverbial8.状语从句 adverbial clauseclause of real condition时间状语从句 adverbial clause of1)ii.非真实条件状语time从句adverbial clause of unreal 2)地点状语从句 adverbial clause ofcondition placeiii.方式状语从句3) adverbial clause of含蓄条件句 adverbial clauseof implied condition manneriv.错综条件句 adverbial clause 4)让步状语从句 adverbial clause ofof mixed conditionconcession9) adverbial clause of比较状语从句 adverbial clause of原因状语从句5)comparisoncauseadverbial clause of结果状语从句6)result adverbial clause of 7)目的状语从句六、时态 tense2)现在时1. present tense过去进行时 past continuous tense3)过去完成时1)一般现在时 present simple tense past perfect tense4)continuous 现在进行时2) present tense过去完成进行时 past perfectcontinuous tense present perfect tense现在完成时3)3.perfect将来时 future tense present 时进成完现4)在行1)一般将来时 future simple tense continuous tense2) past tense过去时 2.将来进行时 future continuous tensefuture perfect tense将来完成时3) past simple tense一般过去时1)．4)将来完成进行时 future perfectcontinuous tense4.其他1)一般过去将来时 past future tense2)过去将来进行时 past futurecontinuous tense3)过去将来完成时 past future perfecttense4)过去将来完成进行时 past futureperfect continuous tense。

完整版)英语语法术语中英文对照表English-XXXGrammar：语法Syntax：句法Morphology：词法Structure：结构Rank：层次Sentence：句子Clause：从句Phrase：词组Part of Speech：词类Word：单词XXX：实词Structural Word：虚词Simple Word：单纯词XXX：派生词Compound：复合词Noun：名词Proper Noun：专有名词Common Noun：普通名词Countable Noun：可数名词Uncountable Noun：不可数名词Abstract Noun：抽象名词Concrete Noun：具体名词Material Noun：物质名词Collective Noun：集体名词Individual Noun：个体名词n：介词n：连词XXX：动词Main XXX：主动词XXX：及物动词Intransitive XXX：不及物动词Link XXX：系动词Auxiliary XXX：助动词Modal XXX：情态动词Regular Verb：规则动词Irregular Verb：不规则动词Phrasal XXX：短语动词XXX：限定动词Infinite XXX：非限定动词Causative Verb：使役动词Verb of Senses：感官动词Event Verb：动态动词XXX：静态动词XXX：感叹词Adjective：形容词Adverb：副词Adverb of Manner：方式副词Adverb of Degree：程度副词Adverb of Time：时间副词Adverb of Place：地点副词Adjunct：修饰性副词Conjunct：连接性副词Interrogative Adverb：疑问副词Relative Adverb：关系副词Pronoun：代词Personal Pronoun：人称代词Possessive Pronoun：物主代词Reflexive Pronoun：反身代词Reciprocal Pronoun：相互代词Demonstrative Pronoun：指示代词Pronouns are words used in place of nouns。

英语语法术语中英文对照词性parｔｏfspeecｈ1.名词ｎouｎ1)专有名词proｐernoun2)普通名词coｍmonnｏun3)可数名词coｕｎtabｌenouｎ4)不可数名词uｎｃountaｂｌenoun5)抽象名词abstrａｃtnoun6)具体名词cｏnｃretenｏun7)物质名词mａtｅrｉalnoｕn8)集体名词coｌlecti ｖenoun9)个体名词inｄiviｄuaｌnoｕｎ2.动词veｒb1)及物动词tranｓｉtivｅverb2)不及物动词ｉnｔrａnsｉtiveverb3)限定动词finiｔevｅrｂｆｏrm4)非限定动词non-finiｔevｅrbｆorm5)主动词maiｎverb6)系动词liｎkverb7)助动词auxiliaryveｒb8)情态动词ｍoｄalｖｅrｂ9)规则动词regularverb10)不规则动词ｉrreguｌａrveｒb11)短语动词phrasalｖerb12)限定动词fiｎiｔｅverb13)非限定动词iｎfinitｅveｒｂ14)使役动词cauｓａtｉvｅverｂ15)感官动词vｅrboｆseｎses16)动态动词eveｎｔveｒｂ17)静态动词ｓtageveｒｂ3.形容词adjeｃtｉve4.副词ａdｖerb1)方式副词ad ｖerbｏfmanner2)程度副词ａdｖeｒｂoｆdegrｅe3)时间副词adverboｆｔｉｍe4)地点副词adｖeｒｂoｆpｌａce5)修饰性副词ａdｊuｎｃt6)连接性副词coｎjunct7)疑问副词ｉnterｒogａtｉvｅadｖerｂ8)关系副词reｌativeadverb5.代词pronouｎ1)人称代词peｒｓoｎaｌpronoun2)物主代词posｓｅssivｅｐｒonoｕn3)名词性物主代词ｎomｉｎalpossｅssiｖepronｏuｎ4)形容词性物主代词adjectiｖａｌpossｅssivepronoun5)反身代词reｆｌexiｖeｐroｎｏuｎ6)指示代词dｅmonsｔraｔivｅpronoun7)疑问代词intｅrrｏgａtivepronoｕn8)关系代词ｒelaｔiｖepronoun9)不定代词ｉｎdefiｎitepronoun6.冠词arｔicle1)定冠词defiｎiｔeaｒticｌe2)不定冠词iｎdefinitｅａrtｉcｌe7.数词numeｒal1)基数词cａｒｄiｎａｌnｕmerａｌ2)序数词orｄｉｎａｌnuｍeral8.介词ｐｒepositiｏn9.连词ｃonjuｎｃｔion10.感叹词ｅｘclaｍａtion一、数/格/性number／caｓe/gｅnder1.数ｎｕmbｅr1)单数形式singularform2)复数形式plｕrａlfoｒm3)规则形式rｅgularfｏrｍ4)不规则形式irregulaｒfoｒｍ2.格case1)普通格moｎcase2)所有格possessivecaｓe3)主格ｎｏminａｔｉｖecａsｅ4)宾格objectivecasｅ3.性gender1)阴性femｉnｉnｅ2)阳性ｍasculｉne3)中性nｅｕｔer4)通性mon4.人称persoｎ1)第一人称firｓtpｅrsｏn2)第二人称secoｎdpersoｎ3)第三人称tｈｉrdpersｏn二、句子成分membeｒｓofｓentｅｎces1.主语subｊect2.谓语ｐｒedｉcate3.表语predicatｉvｅ4.宾语objecｔ1)双宾语dualoｂject2)直接宾语dirｅctobｊect3)间接宾语indｉreｃtoｂｊect4)复合宾语ｃomｐlexobject5)同源宾语coｇnateｏbｊect5.定语aｔtribuｔe6.状语adｖerbial7.同位语ａpposｉtivｅ8.补语coｍpｌｅｍｅｎt1)主语补足语suｂjectcｏmｐleｍent2)宾语补足语objectplｅment 三、句子sentence(基本句型basicseｎtencepａttern)1.简单句ｓimpｌesｅnｔｅｎｃｅ2.并列句cｏmpoｕndｓentence3.复合句ｐｌexseｎtenｃe4.并列复合句cｏmpoundcoｍplexsentｅnｃe5.陈述句declａrativeｓeｎｔenｃe6.存在句eｘistentialｓentence7.疑问句ｉｎtｅrrogａtivｅsentencｅ1)一般疑问句genｅralｑuesｔｉon2)特殊疑问句sｐｅｃｉａlｑuｅsｔion3)选择疑问句alternati ｖequesｔioｎ4)反义疑问句diｓjuｎcｔivequestiｏn5)附加疑问句taｇquｅｓtｉon6)修辞疑问句ｒhetoriｃalquestion7)感叹疑问句ｅxclamatｏrｙqueｓtｉon8.肯定句ｐoｓitivｅsentｅnce9.否定句neｇaｔiｖeｓｅntenｃe10.祈使句imperａtiｖesｅｎｔｅnｃe11.省略句ellipｔｉcalsentence12.感叹句exclamａtｏryｓｅntenｃe四、语气/语态/语序mood/vｏice/order1.语气ｍooｄ1)陈述语气iｎdicａtivｅmｏod2)祈使语气imｐerativeｍｏoｄ3)虚拟语气sｕbjuncｔｉvｅmood2.语态vｏｉｃｅ1)主动语态acｔivevoice2)被动语态passｉvevoｉce3.否定negation1)否定范围ｓｃｏｐeｏfnegatｉon2)全部否定ｆulｌnｅgａtioｎ3)局部否定partｉａlnｅｇatiｏn4)转移否定shiftofｎegatioｎ4.语序orｄer1)自然语序ｎaｔuｒalordeｒ2)倒装语序ｉnverｓiｏni.全部倒装fullinvｅrsｉoｎii.部分倒装pａrｔialinｖersion3)直接引语directｓpeech4)间接引语iｎdirectspeech5)自由直接引语freeｄｉｒectspｅｅch6)自由间接引语fｒeeinｄｉrectｓpeecｈ5.一致agreemｅnｔ1)主谓一致suｂjｅｃt-pｒedicaｔeagreement2)语法一致ｇrammatｉｃalagrｅeｍeｎt3)概念一致ｎotionalagreeｍｅnt4)就近原则prinｃiplｅoｆpｒoｘiｍity5)强调eｍｐｈａsｉs6)重复repetition6.语音proｎunｃiａtioｎ1)语调tone2)声调risin ｇtｏne3)降调faｌlinｇｔonｅ4)升降调ｆａllinｇrisingtone7.文本style1)正式文本foｒmaｌ2)非正式文本iｎｆｏｒmal3)口语s ｐoken/ｏralEｎgｌｉsｈ4)套语fｏrmulｉsticexpｒｅssｉｏn5)英国英语BritｉshEｎgｌish6)美国英语ＡmｅricanEnglish8.用法usagｅ1)感情色彩ｅmoｔiｏnalcoｌoｒing2)褒义ｃommｅnｄaｔor ｙ3)贬义dｅrｏｇatory4)幽默huｍoｒous5)讽刺saｒcａstｉc6)挖苦irｏnｉｃ7)词性partofspｅeｃh8)语法ｇｒammａｒ9)句法syn ｔax10)词法morphｏloｇy11)结构stｒuｃｔure12)层次raｎk13)句子ｓenteｎce14)从句clａｕse15)词组phrase9.词类partofspe ｅｃｈ1)单词wｏrd2)实词notioｎａlwｏrd3)虚词stｒucｔｕｒalworｄ4)单纯词ｓｉmpｌeworｄ5)派生词derｉvativｅ6)复合词ｐｏund10.句法关系syntactiｃrelatiｏnship1)并列cｏorｄinaｔe2)从属sｕbordinａtioｎ3)修饰ｍoｄifiｃａtiｏｎ4)前置修饰premoｄifｉｃation5)后置修饰pｏst－ｍodifｉcation6)限制restricｔion7)双重限制douｂlerestriction8)非限制noｎｒｅｓtrｉcｔion五、从句clａuse1.从属句ｓｕｂordｉnatecｌａｕsｅ2.并列句cｏｏrdｉnateclause3.名词性从句nomiｎaｌclause1)主语从句sｕbｊectclaｕse2)表语从句ｐredicatｉveclauｓe3)宾语从句oｂjecｔclaｕse4)同位语从句aｐpositivｅclause4.定语从句attribuｔiｖeclaｕｓe5.宾语从句objectｃlａuse6.主语从句suｂｊectcｌause7.同位语从句appositｉveclause8.状语从句adveｒbialcｌaｕse1)时间状语从句adｖerbialclaｕseｏftiｍｅ2)地点状语从句adｖerbiａlｃｌauseoｆplaｃe3)方式状语从句ａｄｖerbｉａlclaｕseofmanner4)让步状语从句ａｄverbiaｌclauｓeofcｏncesｓiｏn5)原因状语从句adverbiaｌｃlａｕseoｆcauｓe6)结果状语从句adverbiａｌｃlａuｓeｏfresｕlt7)目得状语从句ａd ｖｅrｂialclausｅofpuｒpose8)条件状语从句aｄvｅｒbiａｌclauseｏfcondｉtiｏｎi.真实条件状语从句ａdverｂiａｌclaｕｓｅofrealcｏnｄｉtionii.非真实条件状语从句ａdverbiａlclaｕsｅofuｎrealcｏnditｉoｎiii.含蓄条件句advｅrbiaｌｃlaｕseofimｐliedcondｉtｉｏniv.错综条件句adverbiａｌcｌａuseofmixeｄconditｉon9)比较状语从句aｄverbiaｌｃｌaｕsｅｏｆcｏmpaｒisｏｎ六、时态tense1.现在时prｅsｅnｔtｅnｓｅ1)一般现在时presenｔsimpletense2)现在进行时prｅsenｔcｏntinuousｔenｓe3)现在完成时presentpｅrｆectteｎｓｅ4)现在完成进行时pｒｅｓｅntpｅrｆeｃtcｏntinuoustense2.过去时pasttense1)一般过去时pastｓimpleｔenｓｅ2)过去进行时pａstcontｉｎuousｔense3)过去完成时ｐasｔｐeｒfecttｅnsｅ4)过去完成进行时ｐastperfｅcｔｃｏｎtinuousｔeｎsｅ3.将来时fut ｕreｔenｓe1)一般将来时ｆutｕresimpｌetenｓe2)将来进行时futｕreｃoｎtinｕousｔense3)将来完成时futｕrepｅｒfｅcｔｔeｎse4)将来完成进行时fｕtｕrｅperfectcｏntinuousteｎse4.其她1)一般过去将来时pastfutｕreｔeｎse2)过去将来进行时pasｔfｕturecontｉnuoｕｓtｅnｓe3)过去将来完成时pasｔfｕtureperｆecｔｔenｓe4)过去将来完成进行时paｓtｆutｕrepeｒfectcoｎｔiｎuoustenｓe。

语法术语中英文1. Noun （名词）countable uncountable （可数名词、不可数名词）Number of N （名词的数）Irregular plurals （不规那么复数）Genitive case of N （名词的所有格）Double genitive （双重所有格）2.Pronoun （代词）Personal pronoun （人称代词）Possessive pronoun （物主代词）Reflexive pronoun （反身代词）Interrogative pronoun （疑问代词）Indefinite pronoun （不定代词）3.Numeral （数次）Cardinal 、ordinal numbers （基数词、序数词）Percentage （百分数）Fraction （分数）Decimal （小数）Multiple （倍数）4.Determiner （限定词）Definite, indefinite, zero articles （定冠词，不定冠词，零冠词）Quantifiers （数量词）5.Preposition （介词）6.Adjective （形容词）Attributive 定语Predicative 表语Adverb clause equivalent 副词性从句7. Adverb （副词）Modifier of Adj / Adv / Prep-phrase / N-Phrase / Adverb-clause （形容词、副词、介词短语、副词性从句的修饰语）The comparative and superlative degrees of Adj / Adv （形容词和副词的比较级和最高级）9. Verb classes （动词）Transitive and intransitive verbs（及物动词和不及物动词）Auxiliaries and modal auxiliaries（助动词和情态动词）Semi-auxiliaries （半助动词）Phrasal verbs （短语动词）10. Tense （时态）Simple present, past, future and with modals （一样此刻时，一样过去时，一样以后时和情态助动词加动词）Present and past progressive（此刻进行时和过去进行时）Future progressive and with modals（以后进行时和情态动词加进行时）Present and past perfect（此刻完成时和过去完成时）Future perfect and with modals （以后完成时和情态动词加完成时）Present perfect progressive（此刻完成进行时）Past perfect progressive （过去完成进行时）voice （被动语态）Passive voice in simple tense（被动语态的一样时态）Passive voice in perfect and progressive tenses （被动语态的完成和进行时态）Passive voice of phrasal verbs （短语动词的被动语态）12.Subjunctive mood （虚拟语气）13.To V （Infinitive 动词不定式）as subject, object and complement （用作主语，宾语和补足语）Indicating purpose / result （表示目的和结果）Modifying adjective （修饰形容词）as post modifier in a noun phrase （后位修饰名词）to be + V-ed2, to have + V-ed2, to be + V-ing （不定式的被动式，完成式和进行式）14.V-ing （Gerund 动名词）object, subject and predicative （宾语, 主语和表语）N / Pronouns or their possessive + V-ing as subject and object （名词/ 代词或其所有格加动名词作主语和宾语）Prep + N / Pronouns or their possessive + V-ing （介词加名词/代词或其所有格加动名词）being + V-ed2, having + V-ed2, having been + V-ed2 as a noun equivale nt （动名词的被动式,完成式和完成被动式起名词作用）15pre-modifier and post modifier in a noun phrase 此刻分词和过去分词）as complement （补足语）as an adverb clause equivalen t（作状语）When / while, etc. + V-ing / V-ed2 （When / While 等加此刻分词或过去分词）（with） N + V-ing / V-ed2 （ [ with ] 名词加此刻分词或过去分词）Dangling V-ing as adverb clause equivalen t（无归属此刻分词作状语）being + V-ed2, having + V-ed2, having been + V-ed2 as an adverb or adjective clause equivalen t（此刻分词的被动式、完成式和完成被动式作状语或定语）16. Basic sentence patterns and sentence elements （大体句型和句子成份）Pattern 1: S + VPattern 2: S + V + CsPattern 3: S + V + OPattern 4: S + V + Oi + OdPattern 5: S + V + Od + Co17. Interrogative form （疑问形式）Negative form （否定形式）Passive form （被动形式）relative clause （定语从句）Restrictive and non-restrictive （限制Pare nt hesis （插入语）Omission （省略）Omission through coordination （并列结构中的省略）Negation （否定）Total negation （全数否定）Partial negation （部份否定）Double negation （双重否定）Transferred negation （转移否定）性和非限制性定语从句）Appositive clause （同位语从句）Noun phrase appositive to clause（名词短语作句子的同位语）Clause of time and space（时刻从句和地址从句）Clauses of condition, concession and con tras t （条件从句、妥协从句和对照从句）Clauses of cause, result and purpose（缘故从句、结果从句和目的从句）Clauses of manner and comparison（方式从句和比较从句）Clauses of proportion and other types（比例从句和其它从句）3rd person pronouns, and plurals of the 1st and 2nd person pronouns （第三人称代词，第一、二人称代词的复数）indefinite pronouns （不定代词）（+ of + N / Pron）Subjec t-verb inversion（主语与谓语倒装）朗文高级英语语法》第一章动词时态概述(Overview Of Verb Tenses)1- 1 一样时态(The Simple Tenses)1- 2 进行时态(The ProgressiveTenses)31- 3 完成时态(The Perfect Tenses)1- 4 完成进行时态(The PerfectProgressive Tenses)1-5 时态用法总结(Summary Chart ofVerb Tenses)1- 6 -ing 和-ed 形式的拼写(Spelling of -ing and -ed Forms)第二章一样此刻时，一样过去时，此刻进行时和过去进行时(Present And Past,Simple And Progressive)2- 1 一样此刻时(Simple Present) 2- 2 此刻进行时(Present Progressive)2- 3 静态动词( Stative Verbs)2-5 规那么动词和不规那么动词(Regular and Irregular Verbs)2-6 规那么动词：-ed的发音(RegularVerbs: Pronunciation of -ed Endings)2-7 不规那么动词表(Irregular Verbs: an Alphabetical List)2-8 易混淆的动词：raise/rise, set/sit, lay/lie (Troublesome Verbs: raise/rise, set/sit, lay/lie)2-9 一样过去时(Simple Past)2-10 过去进行时(Past Progressive)2-11进行时态与always连用表示抱怨(Using Progressive Verbs with always to Complain)2-12 进行时态中地址状语的用法(Using Expressions of Place with Progressive Verbs) being + Adjective)3- 1 此刻完成时(Present Perfect)2-4 am/is/are being+形容词(am/is/are第三章完成时和完成进行时(Perfect And Perfect Progressive Tenses)3- 2 此刻完成进行时(Present Perfect Progressive) 3- 3 过去完成时(Past Perfect)3- 4 过去完成进行时(Past Perfect Progressive)第四章以后时(Future Time)4- 1 一样以后时：will 和be going to (Simple Future: will and be going to)4- 2 will 与be going to 的比较(will vs. be going to)4- 3 历时刻状语从句表示以后(Expressing the Future in Time Clauses)4-4 用一样此刻时和此刻进行时表示以后(Using the Present Progressive and the Simple Present to Express Future Time)4- 5 以后进行时(Future Progressive)4- 6 以后完成时(Future Perfect)4-7 以后完成进行时(Future Perfect Progressive)第五章时刻状语从句和时态的温习(Adverb Clauses Of Time And Review Of Verb Tenses)5- 1 时刻状语从句：形式(Adverb Clauses of Time: Form)5- 2 历时刻状语从句表示时刻关系(Using Adverb Clauses to Show Time Relationships)第六章主谓一致(Subject-verbAgreement)6-1以-s或-es结尾的词：用法、发音和拼写(Final -s/-es: Use, Pronunciation, and Spelling)6-2 大体的主谓一致问题(BasicSubject-verb Agreement)6-3 主谓一致：表达数量(Subject-verb Agreement: Using Expressions of Quantity)6-4 主谓一致：there be的用法(Subject-verb Agreement: Using there + be)6- 5 主谓一致：不规那么用法(Subject-verb Agreement: Some Irregularities)第七章名词(Nouns)7- 1 名词复数形式的规那么和不规那么转变(Regular and Irregular Plural Nouns)7- 2 所有格(Possessive Nouns)1037- 3 名词作修饰语(Using Nouns as Modifiers)7-4 可数名词和不可数名词(Count andNoncount Nouns)7- 5 不可数名词(Noncount Nouns)7- 6 常见不可数名词(Some Common Noncount Nouns)7-7 冠词的大体用法(Basic ArticleUsage)7-8 冠词用法的大体原那么(General Guidelines for Article Usage)7-9 数量的表达(Expressions of Quantity)7-10 a few 和few, a little 和little 的用法(Using a few and few; a little and little)7-11 带of 的数量表达(Using of in Expressions of Quantity)7-12 all (of)和both (of)〔All (of) and both (of) 7-13 单数的数量表达：one, each, every (Singular Expressions of Quantity: one, each, every)第八章代词(Pronouns)8- 1 人称代词(Personal Pronouns)8- 2 人称代词：与类属名词、不定代词的一致性(Personal Pronouns: Agreement with Generic Nouns and Indefinite Pronouns)8-3 人称代词：与集合名词的一致性(Personal Pronouns: Agreement with Collective Nouns)8- 4 反身代词(Reflexive Pronouns)8-5 you, one 和they 用作非人称代词(Using you, one, and they as Impersonal Pronouns)8- 6 other 的形式(Forms of other)8-7 other 的常见表达(CommonExpressions with other)第九章情态动词(一) (Modals, Part 1)9- 1 概述(Introduction)9-2 I作主语的礼貌请求(PoliteQuestions with I as the Subject)9-3 you 作主语的礼貌请求(PoliteQuestions with you as the Subject)9- 4 would you mind 用作礼貌请求(Polite Requests with would you mind)9- 5 表示必需：must, have to, have got to (Expressing Necessity: must, have to, have got to)9-6 没必要要和禁止：have to和must的否定形式(Lack of Necessity and Prohibition: have to and must in the Negative)9-7 忠告：should, ought to, had better (Advisability: should, ought to, had better)9-8 should 的过去式(The Past Form of should)9-9 期望:be supposed to (Expec tatio ns: be supposed to)9-10 提议:let's, why don't, shall I/we(Making Suggestions: let's, why don't, shall I/we)9-11 提议：could与should的比较(Making Suggestions: could vs. should) 第十章情态动词(二) (Modals, Part 2)10- 1 表示确信程度：此刻时(Degrees of Certainty: Present Time)10-2 表示确信程度：此刻时的否定形式(Degrees of Certainty: Present Time Negative)10-3 表示确信程度：过去时(Degrees of Certainty: Past Time)10-4 表示确信程度：以后时(Degrees of Certainty: Future Time)10-5 情态动词的进行式(Progressive Forms of Modals)10-6 表示能力：can 和could (Ability:can and could)10-7 would 表示过去重复性的动作(Using would to Express a RepeatedAction in the Past)10-8 表示偏向： would rather(Expressing Preference: would rather)10-9 情态动词和短语情态动词的结合(Combining Modals with Phrasal Modals)10-10 情态动词和类似表达的总结表(Summary Chart of Modals and Similar Expressions)第十一章被动语态(The Passive)11-1 被动语态的组成(Forming the Passive)11-2 被动语态的用法(Using thePassive)11-3 间接宾语用作被动语态的主语(Indirect Objects Used as Passive Subjects)11-4 情态动词与短语情态动词的被动语态(The Passive Form of Modals and Phrasal Modals)11-5 静态被动语态(Stative Passive)11-6 常见静态被动语态动词 + 介词(Common Stative Passive Verbs + Prepositions)11-7 get 与被动语态(The Passive with get) 11-8 分词形容词(Participial Adjectives)第十二章名词性从句(Noun Clauses)12-1 概述(Introduction)12-2 以疑问词开头的名词性从句(Noun Clauses Beginning with a Question Word)12-3以whether或if开头的名词性从句(Noun Clauses Beginning with whether or if)12-4疑问词后接不定式(Ques tion Words Followed by Infinitives)12-5 以that 开头的名词性从句(NounClauses Beginning with that)12-6 直接引语(Quoted Speech)12-7 间接引语：名词性从句中动词的形式(Reported Speech: Verb Forms in Noun Clauses)12-8 名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法(Using the Subjunctive in Noun Clauses)12-9 带有-ever的辞汇的用法(Using -ever Words)第十三章定语从句(Adjective Clauses)13- 1 概述(Introduction)13-2 定语从句的关系代词作主语(Adjective Clause Pronouns Used as the Subject)13-3 定语从句的关系代词作动词的宾语(Adjective Clause Pronouns Used as the Object of a Verb)13-4 定语从句的关系代词作介词的宾语(Adjective Clause Pronouns Used as the Object of a Preposition)13-5 定语从句的经常使用句型(UsualPatterns of Adjective Clauses)13-6 whose 的用法(Using whose)13-7定语从句中where的用法(Using where in Adjective Clauses)13-8 定语从句中when的用法(Using when in Adjective Clauses)13-9 定语从句修饰代词的用法(Using Adjective Clauses to Modify Pronouns)13-10 定语从句中标点符号的利用(Punctuating Adjective Clauses) 13-11 定语从句中数量的表示方式(Using Expressions of Quantity in Adjective Clauses)13-12 名词+of which 的用法(U sing Noun + of which)28613-13 which修饰整个句子的用法(Using which to Modify a Whole Sentence)28613-14 将定语从句简化为形容词短语：概述(Reducing Adjective Clauses to Adjective Phrases: Introduction)13-15 将定语从句转变成形容词短语(Changing an Adjective Clause to an Adjective Phrase)第十四章动名词和不定式(一) (GerundsAnd Infinitives, Part 1)14- 1 动名词：概述(Gerunds: Introduction)14-2 动名词作介词的宾语(Using Gerunds as the Objects of Prepositions)14-3 后面接动名词的常见介词短语(Common Preposition CombinationsFollowed by Gerunds)14-4 后面接动名词的常见动词(CommonVerbs Followed by Gerunds)14-5 go+动名词(go + Gerund)14-6后面接动词-ing形式的固定搭配(Special Expressions Followed by -ing)14-7 后面接不定式的常见动词(CommonVerbs Followed by Infinitives)14-8 后面既可接不定式又可接动名词的常见动词(Common Verbs Followed by either Infinitives or Gerunds)14-9 后面接动名词的动词列表(Reference List of Verbs Followed byGerunds) 14-10 后面接不定式的动词列表(Reference List of Verbs Followed by Infinitives)14-11 it +不定式；动名词和不定式作主语(it + Infinitive; Gerunds and Infinitives as Subjects) And Infinitives, Part 2)15-1 表示目的的不定式：in order to (Infinitive of Purpose: in order to)15-2 后面接不定式的形容词(Adjectives Followed by Infinitives)15-3 不定式与too和enough连用(Using Infinitives with too and enough)15-4 不定式和动名词的被动语态和完成式(Passive and Past Forms of Infinitives and Gerunds)15-5 need 后接动名词或不定式的被动语态形式(Using Gerunds or Passive Infinitives Following need)15-6 所有格修饰动名词(Using a Possessive to Modify a Gerund)15-7 感官动词的用法(Using Verbs of Perception)15-8 let和help后接动词原形(Using the Simple Form after let and help)15-9 使役动词的用法：make, have, get(Using Causative Verbs: make, have, get)第十五章动名词和不定式(二) (Gerunds第十六章并列连词(Coordinating16-1 平行结构(Parallel Structure)16-2 成对连词：both・・・and; not only… but also; either … or; neither … nor (Using Paired Conjunctions: both . . . and; not only . . . but also; either . . . or; neither . . . nor)16- 3 用并列连词连接独立分句(Combining Independent Clauses with Coordinating Conjunctions)第十七章状语从句(Adverb Clauses)17- 1 概述(In troduc tion)17-2 缘故状语从句(Using Adverb Clauses to Show Cause and Effect)17-3表达对照(意外的结果)：even though 的用法〔Expressing Contrast (Unexpected Result): Using even though〕17-4 表达直接对照：while和whereas (Showing Direct Contrast: while and whereas)17-5条件状语从句：if从句(Expressing Conditions in Adverb Clauses: 17-6 条件状语从句：whether or not和even if 的用法(Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using whether or not and even if)17-7 条件状语从句：in case和in the event that 的用法(Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using in case and in the event that)17-8 条件状语从句：unless的用法(Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using unless)17-9 条件状语从句：only if的用法(Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using only if)第十八章将状语从句简化为修饰性的副词短语(Reduction Of Adverb Clauses To Modifying Adverbial Phrases)18- 1 概述(In troduc tion)18-2 将时刻状语从句简化为修饰性的副词短语(Changing Time Clauses to Modifying Adverbial Phrases)18-3 用修饰性的副词短语表达“与此同时”的概念(Expressing the Idea of “During the Same Time” in Modifying Adverbial Phrases)18-4 用修饰性的副词短语表示因果关系(Expressing Cause and Effect in Modifying Adverbial Phrases)18-5 在修饰性的副词短语中利用“upon + -ing” (Using upon + -ing in Modifying Adverbial Phrases)第十九章表示因果、对照和条件关系的关联词(Connectives That Express Cause And Effect, Contrast, And Condition)19-1 because of 和due to 的用法(Using because of and due to)19-2用过渡词表示因果关系：therefore 和consequently (Using Transitions to Show Cause and Effect: therefore and consequently)19-3 句型和标点符号小结(Summary ofPatterns and Punctuation)19-4其它表示因果关系的方式：such… that 和so …that (Other Ways of Expressing Cause and Effect: such . . . that and so . . . that)19-5 表示目的：so that的用法(Expressing Purpose: Using so that)19-6 表示对照(意料之外的结果) 〔Showing Contrast (Unexpected Result)〕19-7 表示直接对照(Showing Direct Contrast)19-8 表示条件：otherwise 和or (else) 的用法〔Expressing Conditions: Using otherwise and or (else)〕19-9 关联词小结：因果、对照和条件关系(Summary of Connectives: Cause and Effect, Contrast, Condition)第二十章条件句和表达愿望的方式(Conditional Sentences And Wishes)20- 1 条件句中一样动词形式概述(Overview of Basic Verb Forms Used in Conditional Sentences)20-2 此刻和以后的真实条件句(True in the Present or Future)20-3 此刻和以后的非真实条件句(与事实相反)〔Untrue (Contrary to Fact) in the Present or Future〕20-4 过去的非真实条件句 (与事实相反) 〔Untrue (Contrary to Fact) in the Past〕20-5 在条件句中利用动词的进行时形式(Using Progressive Verb Forms in Conditional Sentences)20-6条件句中“混合时刻”的用法(Using“ Mixed Time ” in ConditionalSentences)42420-7 if 的省略(Omitting if)20-8 暗含的条件(Implied Cond it ions)20-9 as if / as though 的用法(Using as if/as though) 20-10 wish后面的动词形式(Verb Forms Following wish)20-11 用would 表达关于以后的希望(Using would to Make Wishes about the Future)434and Objects)A-2 介词和介词短语(Prepositions and Prepositional Phrases) A-3 形容词(Adjectives)A-4 副词(Adverbs)A-5 be 动词(The Verb be)A-6 系动词(Linking Verbs)B单元：疑问句(Questions)B-1 一样疑问句和特殊疑问句的形式(Forms of Yes/No and Information Questions)B-2 疑问词(Ques tion Words)B-3 简化的一样疑问句(Shortened Yes/No Questions)B-4 否定疑问句(Negative Questions) B-5 反意疑问句(Tag Questions)附录增补语法单元(Supplementary Grammar Units)A 单元：大体语法术语(Basic GrammarTerminology)C 单元：缩写(Contractions) D单元：否定句(Negatives)D-1 not与其它否定词的用法(Using not and Other Negative Words)A-1 主语、动词和宾语(Subjects, Verbs,D-2 幸免“重复两次否定” (Avoiding Double Negatives)D-3 以否定词开头的句子(Beginning a Sentence with a Negative Word)E 单元：介词搭配(Preposition Combinations)E 形容词和动词的介词搭配(Preposition Combinations withAdjectives and Verbs)F 单元：用来举例和延续观点的关联词(Connectives To Give Examples And To Continue An Idea)F-1 用来举例的关联词(Connectives to Give Examples)F-2 用来延续观点的关联词(Connectives to Continue the Same Idea)G 单元：动词形式的回忆练习(Verb Form Review Exercises)。

英语语法术语（中英对照）语法 grammar句法 syntax词法 morphology句子 sentence从句 clause词组 phrase词类 part of speech单词 word实词 notional word虚词 structural word单纯词 simple word派生词 derivative [构词法，通过词根加减字母构成不同词性的词]复合词 compound 【简单说两个单词凑一起构成一个新词，比如hairdresser】词性 part of speech名词 noun专有名词 proper noun普通名词 common noun可数名词 countable noun不可数名词 uncountable noun 抽象名词 abstract noun具体名词 concrete noun物质名词 material noun集体名词 collective noun个体名词 individual noun介词 preposition连词 conjunction动词 verb主动词 main verb及物动词 transitive verb不及物动词 intransitive verb系动词 link verb助动词 auxiliary ?[??ɡ'z?l??ri] verb 情态动词 modal verb规则动词 regular verb不规则动词 irregular verb短语动词 phrasal verb限定动词 finite verb非限定动词 infinite verb使役动词 causative verb感官动词 verb of senses动态动词 event verb或者dynamic verbs(动态动词)静态动词 state /stative verb感叹词 exclamation形容词 adjective原级 positive比较级 comparative最高级 superlative副词 adverb方式副词 adverb of manner程度副词 adverb of degree时间副词 adverb of time地点副词 adverb of place修饰性副词 adjunct连接性副词 conjunct疑问副词 interrogative [,?nt?'rɑɡ?t?v] adverb关系副词 relative adverb代词 pronoun人称代词 personal pronoun物主代词 possessive pronoun反身代词 reflexive pronoun相互代词reciprocal?[r?'s?pr?k(?)l] pronoun指示代词 demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词 interrogative pronoun关系代词 relative pronoun不定代词 indefinite pronoun物主代词 possessive pronoun名词性物主代词nominal possessive pronoun形容词性物主代词 adjectival possessive pronoun冠词 article定冠词 definite article不定冠词 indefinite article数词 numeral基数词 cardinal numeral序数词 ordinal numeral分数词 fractional numeral形式 form单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form限定动词 finite verb form非限定动词 non-finite verb form原形 base form从句 clause从属句 subordinate clause并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence简单句simple sentence并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question 反义疑问句disjunctive question 修辞疑问句rhetorical question 感叹疑问句exclamatory question 存在句existential sentence肯定句positive sentence基本句型basic sentence pattern 否定句negative sentence祈使句imperative sentence省略句elliptical sentence感叹句exclamatory sentence句子成分members of sentences 主语subject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object补语complement主补subject complement宾补object complement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial句法关系syntactic relationship 并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification 后置修饰post-modification 限制restriction双重限制double-restriction 非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form 格case普通格common case所有格possessive case主格nominative case宾格objective case性gender阳性masculine阴性feminine通性common中性neuter人称person第一人称first person第二人称second person第三人称third person时态tense过去将来时past future tense 过去将来进行时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense一般现在时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense一般将来时future simple tense现在完成时present perfect tense过去完成时past perfect tense将来完成时future perfect tense现在进行时present continuous tense过去进行时past continuous tense将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense语态voice主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice语气mood陈述语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood虚拟语气subjunctive mood否定negation否定范围scope of negation全部否定full negation局部否定partial negation转移否定shift of negation语序order自然语序natural order倒装语序inversion全部倒装full inversion部分倒装partial inversion直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech自由间接引语free indirect speech一致agreement主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 语法一致grammatical agreement概念一致notional agreement就近原则principle of proximity强调emphasis重复repetition语音pronunciation语调tone升调rising tone降调falling tone 降升调falling-rising tone文体style结构structure层次rank正式文体formal非正式文体informal口语?spoken/oral English套语formulistic expression 用法usage感情色彩emotional coloring 褒义commendatory贬义derogatory幽默humorous讽刺sarcastic挖苦ironic英国英语?British English美国英语American English。

英语语法术语中英文对照词性ｐart of speｅch1.名词 nｏun1)专有名词 pｒoper noun2)普通名词 cｏmmon nｏun3)可数名词 cｏuntabｌｅ noun4)不可数名词ｕnｃoｕｎtable noun5)抽象名词abstracｔｎoun6)具体名词 cｏncrete nｏun7)物质名词 materiａｌｎoｕn8)集体名词 cｏllecｔive ｎｏun9)个体名词ｉｎdｉvｉｄual ｎoｕn 2.动词 verb1)及物动词ｔｒansｉtive vｅｒb2)不及物动词ｉntranｓiｔｉvｅｖeｒb3)限定动词 finｉte ｖerb foｒm4)非限定动词 nｏn-finｉte ｖeｒb fｏrm5)主动词ｍaｉn vｅrb6)系动词ｌink verｂ7)助动词 aｕｘilｉarｙｖerb8)情态动词 moｄal vｅｒb 9)规则动词ｒｅgulａr vｅrb10)不规则动词 iｒregular ｖeｒb11)短语动词phraｓalｖｅrb12)限定动词ｆiniｔe ｖeｒb13)非限定动词 iｎfｉｎitｅ verb14)使役动词ｃauｓatｉve verb15)感官动词ｖeｒｂof ｓenｓｅｓ16)动态动词ｅvｅnｔ verb17)静态动词stａｔe ｖerb3.形容词 adjｅctｉve4.副词aｄverb1）方式副词ａdｖerb oｆ maｎneｒ2）程度副词adｖerb oｆ degｒee3）时间副词aｄvｅrb of tｉme4）地点副词aｄvｅrb of ｐlacｅ5）修饰性副词aｄｊunct6）连接性副词 conjunct7）疑问副词 inｔeｒrogaｔive aｄvｅrb 8）关系副词ｒｅlａtive adverb5.代词ｐronoｕn1）人称代词ｐeｒｓonal prｏｎoｕn2）物主代词 pｏssesｓｉvｅ prｏnoｕn名词性物主代词ｎominal pｏssｅｓsive pｒｏnoun形容词性物主代词 adjeｃtｉval ｐossessiｖe pronｏｕn3）反身代词 reflexｉve ｐroｎoun4）指示代词ｄeｍｏnstratiｖe pronoun5）疑问代词 interrｏgativｅｐｒoｎｏuｎ6）关系代词 relatiｖe pｒonｏun7）不定代词 indeｆinｉte ｐｒoｎoun6.冠词ａrｔiｃle1）定冠词ｄｅfinｉte ａrtｉcle2）不定冠词 indefｉｎite aｒtiｃlｅ7.数词 numeｒal1）基数词cardinal ｎumeｒａｌ2）序数词ｏrdinaｌ nｕmeral8.介词 prepｏsiｔiｏn9.连词 conjunctiｏn10.感叹词ｅxclamation一、数/格/性ｎumbeｒ/cａse/geｎｄer1.数number 1）单数形式 siｎgｕlar fｏrm2） 复数形式 plu ｒal f ｏr ｍ 3） 规则形式 r ｅg ｕｌar for ｍ 4） 不规则形式 ir ｒegul ａr ｆo ｒｍ 2. 格ｃase 1） 普通格 co ｍmon ｃase 2） 所有格 possessi ｖｅ ca ｓe 3） 主格 ｎom ｉnative ca ｓe 4） 宾格 objec ｔｉve case 3. 性gender 1） 阴性 fe ｍini ｎe 2） 阳性 mas ｃul ｉne 3） 中性 n ｅuter 4） 通性 c ｏmmon 4. 人称 perso ｎ 第一人称 f ｉｒst ｐerson 第二人称 s ｅcon ｄ p ｅrso ｎ 第三人称 thir ｄ person 二、 句子成分 memb ｅrs of s ｅnten ｃe ｓ 1. 主语 subject2. 谓语 pr ｅdi ｃate3. 表语 ｐre ｄicat ｉv ｅ4. 宾语 o ｂj ｅｃt 1） 双宾语 dual ｏbject 2） 直接宾语 dire ｃt o ｂje ｃt 3） 间接宾语 in ｄｉre ｃt ｏbject 4） 复合宾语 co ｍplex object 5） 同源宾语 cognat ｅ obj ｅct5. 定语 attri ｂut ｅ6. 状语 adve ｒbi ａｌ7. 同位语 a ｐposit ｉve8. 补语 comp ｌemen ｔ 1） 主补su ｂｊect com ｐｌe ｍｅn ｔ 2） 宾补objec ｔ c ｏm ｐlemen ｔ9. 表语 pr ｅd ｉｃati ｖe 10. 定语 a ｔtribute 11. 同位语 appo ｓitive 12. 状语 adv ｅｒbi ａl 三、 句子ｓｅn ｔe ｎｃe (基本句型 ｂas ｉc se ｎt ｅｎce p ａte ｒn ） 1. 简单句 sim ｐｌe senten ｃe 2. 并列句 co ｍp ｏund s ｅnt ｅnce 3. 复合句 comple ｘ sent ｅnce4. 并列复合句 ｃompound c ｏmpl ｅx senten ｃe5. 陈述句 declarative ｓｅnt ｅn ｃe6. 存在句 ｅxist ｅnt ｉa ｌ s ｅｎtence7. 疑问句 i ｎterroga ｔive ｓentenc ｅ 1） 一般疑问句 g ｅne ｒal qu ｅstio ｎ 2） 特殊疑问句 s ｐeci ａl ｑu ｅstion 3） 选择疑问句 ａlternativ ｅ quest ｉｏn 4） 反义疑问句 ｄi ｓｊｕnc ｔive quest ｉo ｎ 5） 附加疑问句 tag que ｓti ｏn6） 反义疑问句 dis ｊｕncti ｖｅ que ｓtion 7） 修辞疑问句 r ｈｅt ｏr ｉca ｌ ｑuest ｉo ｎ 8） 感叹疑问句 exc ｌａma ｔo ｒy ｑuest ｉo ｎ 8. 肯定句 posi ｔｉve s ｅnte ｎce 9. 否定句 nega ｔｉve sen ｔence10. 祈使句 imperat ｉｖｅ sente ｎc ｅ 11. 省略句 elli ｐｔic ａl sen ｔence 12. 感叹句 ｅｘｃl ａｍato ｒy sen ｔence 四、 语气/语态/语序 mood ／voice/order 1. 语气mood1） 陈述语气 i ｎdicative mood 2） 祈使语气 impe ｒative ｍo ｏd3）虚拟语气 sｕbjuncｔｉｖｅmoｏd 2.语态vｏｉce主动语态 acｔive voiｃe被动语态 paｓｓive voice3.否定 nｅgatｉon否定范围sｃoｐｅ of nｅｇaｔioｎ全部否定 fｕｌl neｇation局部否定ｐartiａl negaｔｉon转移否定 shift of neｇａｔion4.语序 order1）自然语序ｎaturaｌ order2）倒装语序ｉｎverｓioni.全部倒装fuｌl invｅrsionii.部分倒装 paｒtiａlｉnｖersioｎ3）直接引语direｃt spｅｅch4）间接引语 indirecｔ spｅech5）自由直接引语ｆrｅe direct spｅecｈ6）自由间接引语ｆree indｉrecｔ spｅech 5. 一致 agｒeemenｔ主谓一致 subject—pｒedｉcate agreｅment 语法一致gｒammａtical agｒeemeｎt概念一致 notiｏｎal aｇreeｍeｎt就近原则pｒiｎciple oｆ proximｉty 强调ｅmphasis重复repeｔition６。

[2] 英语语法术语汇总（中英对照）英语语法术语（中英对照）语法grammar句法syntax词法morphology句子sentence从句clause词组phrase词类part of speech单词word实词notional word虚词structural word单纯词simple word派生词derivative复合词compound词性part of speech名词noun专有名词proper noun普通名词common noun可数名词countable noun不可数名词uncountable noun抽象名词abstract noun具体名词concret noun物质名词material noun集体名词collective noun个体名词individual noun介词preposition连词conjunction动词verb主动词main verb及物动词transitive verb不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb情态动词modal verb规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb短语动词phrasal verb限定动词finite verb非限定动词infinite verb使役动词causative verb感官动词verb of senses动态动词event verb静态动词state verb感叹词exclamation形容词adjective比较级comparative最高级superalative副词adverb方式副词adverb of manner程度副词adverb of degree时间副词adverb of time地点副词adverb of place修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct疑问副词interogative adverb关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun人称代词personal pronoun物主代词possesive pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun相互代词reciprocal pronoun指示代词demonstrative pronoun疑问代词interrogative pronoun关系代词relative pronoun不定代词indefinite pronoun物主代词possecive pronoun名词性物主代词nominal possesive prnoun形容词性物主代词adjectival possesive pronoun定冠词definite article不定冠词indefinite article数词numeral基数词cardinal numeral序数词ordinal numeral分数词fractional numeral形式form单数形式singular form复数形式plural form限定动词finite verb form非限定动词non-finite verb form原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence简单句simple sentence并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question反义疑问句disjunctive question修辞疑问句rhetorical question感叹疑问句exclamatory question 存在句existential sentence肯定句positive sentence基本句型basic sentence pattern 否定句negative sentence祈使句imperative sentence省略句elliptical sentence感叹句exclamatory sentence句子成分members of sentences 主语subject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object补语complement主补subject complement宾补object complement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial句法关系syntactic relationship 并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification限制restriction双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form格case普通格common case所有格possessive case主格nominative case宾格objective case性gender阳性masculine阴性feminine通性common中性neuter人称person第一人称first person第二人称second person 第三人称third person。

英语语法术语汇总(中英对照)[2] 英语语法术语汇总（中英对照）英语语法术语（中英对照）语法grammar句法syntax词法morphology句子sentence从句clause词组phrase词类part of speech单词word实词notional word虚词structural word单纯词simple word派生词derivative复合词compound词性part of speech名词noun专有名词proper noun普通名词common noun可数名词countable noun不可数名词uncountable noun抽象名词abstract noun具体名词concret noun物质名词material noun集体名词collective noun个体名词individual noun介词preposition连词conjunction动词verb主动词main verb及物动词transitive verb不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb情态动词modal verb规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb短语动词phrasal verb限定动词finite verb非限定动词infinite verb使役动词causative verb感官动词verb of senses动态动词event verb静态动词state verb感叹词exclamation形容词adjective比较级comparative最高级superalative副词adverb方式副词adverb of manner程度副词adverb of degree时间副词adverb of time地点副词adverb of place修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct疑问副词interogative adverb关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun人称代词personal pronoun物主代词possesive pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun相互代词reciprocal pronoun指示代词demonstrative pronoun疑问代词interrogative pronoun关系代词relative pronoun不定代词indefinite pronoun物主代词possecive pronoun名词性物主代词nominal possesive prnoun形容词性物主代词adjectival possesive pronoun定冠词definite article不定冠词indefinite article数词numeral基数词cardinal numeral序数词ordinal numeral分数词fractional numeral形式form单数形式singular form复数形式plural form限定动词finite verb form非限定动词non-finite verb form原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence简单句simple sentence并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question反义疑问句disjunctive question修辞疑问句rhetorical question感叹疑问句exclamatory question 存在句existential sentence肯定句positive sentence基本句型basic sentence pattern 否定句negative sentence祈使句imperative sentence省略句elliptical sentence感叹句exclamatory sentence句子成分members of sentences 主语subject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object补语complement主补subject complement宾补object complement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial句法关系syntactic relationship 并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification限制restriction双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form格case普通格common case所有格possessive case主格nominative case宾格objective case性gender阳性masculine阴性feminine通性common中性neuter人称person第一人称first person第二人称second person 第三人称third person。

英语语法术语汇总中英对照英语语法术语汇总中英对照1. Noun 名词2. Pronoun 代词3. Verb 动词4. Adverb 副词5. Adjective 形容词6. Preposition 介词7. Conjunction 连词8. Interjection 感叹词9. Subject 主语10. Predicate 谓语11. Object 宾语12. Direct object 直接宾语13. Indirect object 间接宾语14. Subject complement 主语补语15. Object complement 宾语补语16. Complement 补语17. Phrase 短语18. Clause 从句19. Independent clause 独立从句20. Dependent clause 依从从句21. Simple sentence 简单句22. Compound sentence 复合句23. Complex sentence 复杂句24. Compound-complex sentence 复合复杂句25. Active voice 主动语态26. Passive voice 被动语态27. Present tense 现在时28. Past tense 过去时29. Future tense 将来时30. Present perfect tense 现在完成时31. Past perfect tense 过去完成时32. Future perfect tense 将来完成时33. Simple present tense 简单现在时34. Simple past tense 简单过去时35. Simple future tense 简单将来时36. Present progressive tense 现在进行时37. Past progressive tense 过去进行时38. Future progressive tense 将来进行时39. Present perfect progressive tense 现在完成进行时40. Past perfect progressive tense 过去完成进行时41. Future perfect progressive tense 将来完成进行时42. Conditional sentence 条件句43. Zero conditional sentence 零条件句44. First conditional sentence 一般条件句45. Second conditional sentence 虚拟条件句46. Third conditional sentence 过去虚拟条件句47. Imperative mood 祈使语气48. Subjunctive mood 虚拟语气49. Infinitive 不定式50. Gerund 动名词51. Participle 分词52. Present participle 现在分词53. Past participle 过去分词54. Relative clause 关系从句55. Defining relative clause 定语从句56. Non-defining relative clause 非限制性定语从句57. Compound relative pronoun 复合关系代词58. Indefinite pronoun 不定代词59. Reflexive pronoun 反身代词60. Demonstrative pronoun 指示代词61. Interrogative pronoun 疑问代词62. Relative pronoun 关系代词63. Possessive pronoun 物主代词64. Indefinite article 不定冠词65. Definite article 定冠词。

一．词性 part of speech1.名词 noun1)专有名词 proper noun2)普通名词 common noun3)可数名词 countable noun4)不可数名词 uncountable noun5)抽象名词 abstract noun6)具体名词 concrete noun7)物质名词 material noun8)集体名词 collective noun9)个体名词 individual noun2.动词 verb1)及物动词 transitive verb2)不及物动词 intransitive verb3)限定动词 finite verb form4)非限定动词 non-finite verb form5)主动词 main verb6)系动词 link verb7)助动词 auxiliary verb8)情态动词 modal verb 9)规则动词 regular verb10)不规则动词 irregular verb11)短语动词 phrasal verb12)限定动词 finite verb13)非限定动词 infinite verb14)使役动词 causative verb15)感官动词 verb of senses16)动态动词 event verb17)静态动词 state verb18)3.形容词 adjective4.副词 adverb1）方式副词adverb of manner 2）程度副词adverb of degree 3）时间副词adverb of time4）地点副词adverb of place5）修饰性副词 adjunct6）连接性副词 conjunct7）疑问副词 interrogative adverb 8）关系副词 relative adverb5.代词 pronoun1）人称代词 personal pronoun2）物主代词 possessive pronoun名词性物主代词 nominal possessive pronoun形容词性物主代词 adjectival possessive pronoun 3）反身代词 reflexive pronoun4）指示代词 demonstrative pronoun5）疑问代词 interrogative pronoun6）关系代词 relative pronoun7）不定代词 indefinite pronoun6.冠词 article1）定冠词 definite article2）不定冠词 indefinite article7.数词 numeral1）基数词 cardinal numeral2）序数词 ordinal numeral8.介词 preposition9.连词 conjunction10.感叹词 exclamation一、 数/格/性 number/case/gender 1. 数number1） 单数形式 singular form 2） 复数形式 plural form 3） 规则形式 regular form 4） 不规则形式 irregular form 2. 格case1） 普通格 common case 2） 所有格 possessive case 3） 主格 nominative case 4） 宾格 objective case 3. 性gender 1） 阴性 feminine 2） 阳性 masculine 3） 中性 neuter 4） 通性 common 4. 人称 person 第一人称 first person 第二人称 second person 第三人称 third person二、 句子成分 members of sentences 1. 主语 subject 2. 谓语 predicate 3. 表语 predicative 4. 宾语 object1） 双宾语 dual object 2） 直接宾语 direct object 3） 间接宾语 indirect object 4） 复合宾语 complex object 5） 同源宾语 cognate object 5. 定语 attribute 6. 状语 adverbial 7. 同位语 appositive 8. 补语 complement1） 主补subject complement 2） 宾补object complement 9. 表语 predicative 10. 定语 attribute 11. 同位语 appositive 12. 状语 adverbial三、 句子sentence (基本句型 basic sentence patern) 1. 简单句 simple sentence 2. 并列句 compound sentence 3. 复合句 complex sentence 4. 并列复合句 compound complex sentence 5. 陈述句 declarative sentence 6. 存在句 existential sentence 7. 疑问句 interrogative sentence 1） 一般疑问句 general question 2） 特殊疑问句 special question 3） 选择疑问句 alternative question 4） 反义疑问句 disjunctive question 5） 附加疑问句 tag question 6） 反义疑问句 disjunctive question 7） 修辞疑问句 rhetorical question 8） 感叹疑问句 exclamatory question 8. 肯定句 positive sentence 9. 否定句 negative sentence 10. 祈使句 imperative sentence 11. 省略句 elliptical sentence 12. 感叹句 exclamatory sentence 四、 语气/语态/语序 mood/voice/order 1. 语气mood 1） 陈述语气 indicative mood 2） 祈使语气 imperative mood 3） 虚拟语气 subjunctive mood 2. 语态voice 主动语态 active voice 被动语态 passive voice 3. 否定 negation 否定范围 scope of negation 全部否定 full negation 局部否定 partial negation 转移否定 shift of negation 4. 语序 order 1） 自然语序 natural order 2） 倒装语序inversion i. 全部倒装 full inversion ii. 部分倒装 partial inversion 3） 直接引语 direct speech 4） 间接引语 indirect speech 5） 自由直接引语 free direct speech 6） 自由间接引语 free indirect speech 5. 一致 agreement 主谓一致 subject-predicate agreement 语法一致 grammatical agreement 概念一致 notional agreement 就近原则 principle of proximity 强调 emphasis 重复 repetition6. 语音 pronunciation 语调 tone 升调 rising tone 降调 falling tone 降升调 falling-rising tone7. 文体 style 正式文体 formal 非正式文体 informal 、 口语 spoken/oral English 套语 formulistic expression 英国英语 British English 美国英语 American English8. 用法 usage 感情色彩 emotional coloring 褒义 commendatory 贬义 derogatory 幽默 humorous 讽刺 sarcastic 挖苦 ironic 词性 part of speech 语法 grammar 句法 syntax 词法 morphology 结构 structure 层次 rank 句子 sentence 从句 clause 词组 phrase9. 词类 part of speech 单词 word 实词 notional word 虚词 structural word 单纯词simple word 派生词derivative 复合词compound 10. 句法关系 syntatic relationship 并列 coordinate 从属 subordination 修饰 modification 前置修饰 pre-modification 后置修饰 post-modification 限制 restriction 双重限制 double-restriction 非限制 non-restriction 五、 从句clause 1. 从属句 subordinate clause 2. 并列句 coordinate clause 3. 名词性从句 nominal clause 1） 主语从句subject clause 2） 表语从句 predicative clause 3） 宾语从句 object clause 4） 同位语从句appositive clause 4. 定语从句 attributive clause 5. 宾语从句 object clause 6. 主语从句 subject clause 7. 同位语从句 appositive clause 8. 状语从句adverbial clause 1） 时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time 2） 地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place 3） 方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner 4） 让步状语从句 adverbial clause of concession 5） 原因状语从句 adverbial clause of cause 6） 结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result 7） 目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose 8） 条件状语从句 adverbial clause of condition 真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition 非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句 adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition 9） 比较状语从句 adverbial clause of comparison 六、 时态 tense 1. 现在时present tense 1） 一般现在时 present simple tense 2） 现在进行时 present continuous tense 3） 现在完成时 present perfect tense 4） 现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous tense 2. 过去时 past tense 1） 一般过去时past simple tense 2） 过去进行时 past continuous tense 3） 过去完成时 past perfect tense 4） 过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense 3. 将来时future tense 1） 一般将来时 future simple tense 2） 将来进行时 future continuous tense 3） 将来完成时 future perfect tense 4） 将来完成进行时 future perfect continuous tense 4. 其他 1） 一般过去将来时past future tense2） 过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense 3） 过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense 4） 过去将来完成进行时past future perfectcontinuous tense。

[2] 英语语法术语汇总（中英对照）英语语法术语（中英对照）语法grammar句法syntax词法morphology句子sentence从句clause词组phrase词类part of speech单词word实词notional word虚词structural word单纯词simple word派生词derivative复合词compound词性part of speech名词noun专有名词proper noun普通名词common noun可数名词countable noun不可数名词uncountable noun抽象名词abstract noun具体名词concret noun物质名词material noun集体名词collective noun个体名词individual noun介词preposition连词conjunction动词verb主动词main verb及物动词transitive verb不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb情态动词modal verb规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb短语动词phrasal verb限定动词finite verb非限定动词infinite verb使役动词causative verb感官动词verb of senses动态动词event verb静态动词state verb感叹词exclamation形容词adjective比较级comparative最高级superalative副词adverb方式副词adverb of manner程度副词adverb of degree时间副词adverb of time地点副词adverb of place修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct疑问副词interogative adverb关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun人称代词personal pronoun物主代词possesive pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun相互代词reciprocal pronoun指示代词demonstrative pronoun疑问代词interrogative pronoun关系代词relative pronoun不定代词indefinite pronoun物主代词possecive pronoun名词性物主代词nominal possesive prnoun形容词性物主代词adjectival possesive pronoun定冠词definite article不定冠词indefinite article数词numeral基数词cardinal numeral序数词ordinal numeral分数词fractional numeral形式form单数形式singular form复数形式plural form限定动词finite verb form非限定动词non-finite verb form原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence简单句simple sentence并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question反义疑问句disjunctive question修辞疑问句rhetorical question感叹疑问句exclamatory question 存在句existential sentence肯定句positive sentence基本句型basic sentence pattern 否定句negative sentence祈使句imperative sentence省略句elliptical sentence感叹句exclamatory sentence句子成分members of sentences 主语subject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object补语complement主补subject complement宾补object complement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial句法关系syntactic relationship 并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification限制restriction双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form格case普通格common case所有格possessive case主格nominative case宾格objective case性gender阳性masculine阴性feminine通性common中性neuter人称person第一人称first person第二人称second person 第三人称third person。

英语语法术语英汉对照表XXX-Chinese Comparison TableActive sentence - 主动句Active voice - 主动态Ability - 能力Absolute n - 独立结构Abstract noun - 抽象名词Adjective - 形容词Adjunct - 修饰形状语Adverb - 副词Adverb of degree - 程度副词Adverb of frequency - 频度副词Adverb of manner - 方式副词Adverb of place - 地点副词Adverb of time - 时间副词Adverbial - 状语Adverbial clause of cause - 原因状语分句Adverbial clause of n - 让步状语分句Adverbial clause of n - 条件状语分句Adverbial clause of manner - 方式状语分句Adverbial clause of place - 地点状语分句Adverbial clause of purpose - 目的状语分句Adverbial clause of result - 结果状语分句Adverbial clause of time - 时间状语分句Adverb phrase - 副词词组Affix - 词缀Allomorph - 词素变体Alternative form - 替换形式XXX - 选择性疑问句Attachment rule - 依着法则Analytic form - 分析形式Anaphoric reference - 后照应Anaphoric specific reference - 后照应特指XXX - 先行项Anticipatory "it" - 先行“it”Antonym - 反义词Appositive - 同位语Appropriacy - 适合性Aspect - 体Assertive word - 肯定次Attribute - 定语Attributive clause - 定于从句Auxiliary - 助动词Bare infinitive - 不带to不定式Base form - 原形Basic clause type - 分句基本类型/基本句型Basic form - 基本形式Be-passive - be-型被动态Be-subjunctive - be-型虚拟式Bound morpheme - 粘附词素Cardinal numeral refers to a type of word that XXX reference is when a word or XXX specific reference is a type of XXX that is essential to the meaning of a XXX determiner that is used in the middle of a XXX is when a clause is used to replace another clause。

英语语法术语（中英文对照）1、 词性 part of speech1. 名词 noun1) 专有名词 proper noun2) 普通名词 common noun3) 可数名词 countable noun4) 不可数名词 uncountable noun5) 抽象名词 abstract noun6) 具体名词 concrete noun7) 物质名词 material noun8) 集体名词 collective noun9) 个体名词 individual noun2. 动词 verb1) 及物动词 transitive verb （Vt）2) 不及物动词 intransitive verb (Vi)3) 系动词 link verb4) 助动词 auxiliary verb5) 情态动词 modal verb6) 规则动词 regular verb7) 不规则动词 irregular verb8) 短语动词 phrasal verb9) 限定动词 finite verb10) 非限定动词 infinite verb11) 使役动词 causative verb12) 感官动词 verb of senses3. 形容词 adjective4. 副词 adverb1）方式副词adverb of manner2）程度副词adverb of degree3）时间副词adverb of time4）地点副词adverb of place5）修饰性副词 adjunct6）连接性副词 conjunct7）疑问副词 interrogative adverb8）关系副词 relative adverb5. 代词 pronoun1）人称代词 personal pronoun2）物主代词 possessive pronouni. 名词性物主代词 nominal possessive pronounii. 形容词性物主代词 adjectival possessive pronoun 3）反身代词 reflexive pronoun4）指示代词 demonstrative pronoun5）疑问代词 interrogative pronoun6）关系代词 relative pronoun7）不定代词 indefinite pronoun6. 冠词 article1）定冠词 definite article2）不定冠词 indefinite article7. 数词 numeral1）基数词 cardinal numeral2）序数词 ordinal numeral8. 介词 preposition9. 连词 conjunction10. 感叹词 exclamation2、 数/格/性 number/case/gender1. 数number1）单数形式 singular form2）复数形式 plural form3）规则形式 regular form4）不规则形式 irregular form2. 格case1）普通格 common case2）所有格 possessive case3）主格 nominative case4）宾格 objective case3、 句子成分 members of sentences1. 主语 subject2. 谓语 predicate3. 表语 predicative4. 宾语 object1）双宾语 dual object2）直接宾语 direct object3）间接宾语 indirect object5. 定语 attribute6. 状语 adverbial7. 同位语 appositive8. 补语 complement1）主补（主语补语） subject complement2）宾补（宾语补语） object complement4、 句子sentence1. 简单句 simple sentence2. 复合句 complex sentence3. 并列句 compound sentence4. 陈述句 declarative sentence5. 存在句 existential sentence6. 疑问句 interrogative sentence1）一般疑问句 general question2）特殊疑问句 special question3）选择疑问句 alternative question4）反义疑问句 disjunctive question7. 肯定句 positive sentence8. 否定句 negative sentence9. 祈使句 imperative sentence10. 省略句 elliptical sentence11. 感叹句 exclamatory sentence5、 语气/语态/语序/一致mood/voice/order/agreement 1. 语气mood1）陈述语气 indicative mood2）祈使语气 imperative mood3）虚拟语气 subjunctive mood2. 语态voice1）主动语态 active voice2）被动语态 passive voice3. 语序 order1）自然语序 natural order2）倒装语序inversioni. 全部倒装 full inversionii. 部分倒装 partial inversion3）直接引语 direct speech4）间接引语 indirect speech4. 一致agreement主谓一致 subject-predicate agreement语法一致 grammatical agreement概念一致 notional agreement就近原则 principle of proximity6、 从句clause1. 名词性从句 nominal clause1） 主语从句subject clause2）表语从句 predicative clause3）宾语从句 object clause4）同位语从句appositive clause2. 定语从句 attributive clause3. 状语从句adverbial clause1）时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time2）地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place3）方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner4）让步状语从句 adverbial clause of concession5）原因状语从句 adverbial clause of cause6）结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result7）目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose8）条件状语从句 adverbial clause of conditioni. 真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real conditionii. 非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unrealcondition9）比较状语从句 adverbial clause of comparison4. 独立主格结构Nominative Absolute Construction7、 时态 tense1. 现在时present tense1）一般现在时 present simple tense2）现在进行时 present continuous tense3）现在完成时 present perfect tense4）现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous tense2. 过去时 past tense1）一般过去时past simple tense2）过去进行时 past continuous tense3）过去完成时 past perfect tense4）过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense3. 将来时future tense1）一般将来时 future simple tense2）将来进行时 future continuous tense3）将来完成时 future perfect tense4）将来完成进行时 future perfect continuous tense4. 其他1）一般过去将来时past future tense2）过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense3）过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense4）过去将来完成进行时past future perfect continuous tense。

词性part of speech1.名词noun1)专有名词proper noun2)普通名词common noun3)可数名词countable noun4)不可数名词uncountable noun5)抽象名词abstract noun6)具体名词concrete noun7)物质名词material noun8)集体名词collective noun9)个体名词individual noun2.动词verb1)及物动词transitive verb2)不及物动词intransitive verb3)限定动词finite verb form4)非限定动词non-finite verb form5)主动词main verb6)系动词link verb7)助动词auxiliary verb8)情态动词modal verb9)规则动词regular verb10)不规则动词irregular verb11)短语动词phrasal verb12)限定动词finite verb13)非限定动词infinite verb14)使役动词causative verb15)感官动词verb of senses16)动态动词event verb17)静态动词stage verb3.形容词adjective4.副词adverb1)方式副词adverb of manner2)程度副词adverb of degree3)时间副词adverb of time4)地点副词adverb of place5)修饰性副词adjunct6)连接性副词conjunct7)疑问副词interrogative adverb8)关系副词relative adverb5.代词pronoun1)人称代词personal pronoun2)物主代词possessive pronoun3)名词性物主代词nominal possessivepronoun4)形容词性物主代词adjectival possessivepronoun5)反身代词reflexive pronoun6)指示代词demonstrative pronoun7)疑问代词interrogative pronoun8)关系代词relative pronoun9)不定代词indefinite pronoun6.冠词article1)定冠词definite article2)不定冠词indefinite article7.数词numeral1)基数词cardinal numeral2)序数词ordinal numeral8.介词preposition9.连词conjunction10.感叹词exclamation一、数/格/性number/case/gender1.数number1)单数形式singular form2)复数形式plural form3)规则形式regular form4)不规则形式irregular form 2.格case1)普通格common case2)所有格possessive case3)主格nominative case4)宾格objective case 3.性gender1)阴性feminine2)阳性masculine3)中性neuter4)通性common4.人称person1)第一人称first person2)第二人称second person3)第三人称third person二、句子成分members of sentences1.主语subject2.谓语predicate3.表语predicative4.宾语object1)双宾语dual object2)直接宾语direct object3)间接宾语indirect object4)复合宾语complex object5)同源宾语cognate object 5.定语attribute6.状语adverbial7.同位语appositive8.补语complement1)主语补足语subject complement2)宾语补足语object complement三、句子sentence （基本句型basic sentence pattern）1.简单句simple sentence2.并列句compound sentence3.复合句complex sentence4.并列复合句compound complexsentence5.陈述句declarative sentence6.存在句existential sentence7.疑问句interrogative sentence1)一般疑问句general question2)特殊疑问句special question 3)选择疑问句alternative question4)反义疑问句disjunctive question5)附加疑问句tag question6)修辞疑问句rhetorical question7)感叹疑问句exclamatory question8.肯定句positive sentence9.否定句negative sentence10.祈使句imperative sentence11.省略句elliptical sentence12.感叹句exclamatory sentence四、语气/语态/语序mood/voice/order1.语气mood1)陈述语气indicative mood2)祈使语气imperative mood3)虚拟语气subjunctive mood2.语态voice1)主动语态active voice2)被动语态passive voice3.否定negation1)否定范围scope of negation2)全部否定full negation3)局部否定partial negation4)转移否定shift of negation4.语序order1)自然语序natural order2)倒装语序inversioni.全部倒装full inversionii.部分倒装partial inversion3)直接引语direct speech4)间接引语indirect speech5)自由直接引语free direct speech6)自由间接引语free indirect speech 5.一致agreement1)主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 2)语法一致grammatical agreement3)概念一致notional agreement4)就近原则principle of proximity5)强调emphasis6)重复repetition6.语音pronunciation1)语调tone2)声调rising tone3)降调falling tone4)升降调falling-rising tone7.文本style1)正式文本formal2)非正式文本informal3)口语spoken/oral English4)套语formulistic expression5)英国英语British English6)美国英语American English8.用法usage1)感情色彩emotional coloring2)褒义commendatory3)贬义derogatory4)幽默humorous5)讽刺sarcastic6)挖苦ironic7)词性part of speech8)语法grammar9)句法syntax10)词法morphology11)结构structure12)层次rank13)句子sentence14)从句clause15)词组phrase9.词类part of speech1)单词word2)实词notional word 3)虚词structural word4)单纯词simple word5)派生词derivative6)复合词compound10.句法关系syntactic relationship1)并列coordinate2)从属subordination3)修饰modification4)前置修饰pre-modification5)后置修饰post-modification6)限制restriction7)双重限制double-restriction8)非限制non-restriction五、从句clause1.从属句subordinate clause2.并列句coordinate clause3.名词性从句nominal clause1)主语从句subject clause2)表语从句predicative clause3)宾语从句object clause4)同位语从句appositive clause4.定语从句attributive clause5.宾语从句object clause6.主语从句subject clause7.同位语从句appositive clause8.状语从句adverbial clause1)时间状语从句adverbial clause of time2)地点状语从句adverbial clause of place3)方式状语从句adverbial clause ofmanner4)让步状语从句adverbial clause ofconcession5)原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause6)结果状语从句adverbial clause of result7)目的状语从句adverbial clause ofpurpose8)条件状语从句adverbial clause ofconditioni.真实条件状语从句adverbialclause of real conditionii.非真实条件状语从句adverbialclause of unreal conditioniii.含蓄条件句adverbial clause ofimplied conditioniv.错综条件句adverbial clause ofmixed condition9)比较状语从句adverbial clause ofcomparison六、时态tense1.现在时present tense1)一般现在时present simple tense2)现在进行时present continuous tense3)现在完成时present perfect tense4)现在完成进行时present perfectcontinuous tense2.过去时past tense1)一般过去时past simple tense2)过去进行时past continuous tense3)过去完成时past perfect tense 4)过去完成进行时past perfect continuoustense3.将来时future tense1)一般将来时future simple tense2)将来进行时future continuous tense3)将来完成时future perfect tense4)将来完成进行时future perfectcontinuous tense4.其他1)一般过去将来时past future tense2)过去将来进行时past future continuoustense3)过去将来完成时past future perfecttense4)过去将来完成进行时past future perfectcontinuous tense。

语法grammar句法syntax词法morphology句子sentence从句clause词组phrase词类part of speech单词word实词notional word虚词structural word单纯词simple word派生词derivative复合词compound词性part of speech名词noun专有名词proper noun普通名词common noun可数名词countable noun不可数名词uncountable noun 抽象名词abstract noun具体名词concrete noun物质名词material noun集体名词collective noun个体名词individual noun 介词preposition连词conjunction动词verb主动词main verb及物动词transitive verb不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb情态动词modal verb规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb 短语动词phrasal verb限定动词finite verb非限定动词infinite verb使役动词cau sat ive verb感官动词verb of senses动态动词event verb静态动词state verb感叹词exclamation形容词adjective原级positive比较级comparative最高级superalative副词adverb方式副词adverb of manner程度副词adverb of de gre e时间副词adverb of time地点副词adverb of place修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct疑问副词interogative adverb关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun人称代词personal pronoun物主代词possesive pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun相互代词reciprocal pronoun指示代词demonstrative pronoun疑问代词interrogative pronoun关系代词relative pronoun不定代词indefinite pronoun物主代词possecive pronoun名词性物主代词nominal possesive prnoun形容词性物主代词adjectival possesive pronoun冠词article定冠词definite article不定冠词indefinite article 数词numeral基数词cardinal numeral序数词ordinal numeral分数词fractional numeral形式form单数形式singular form复数形式plural form限定动词finite verb form非限定动词non-finite verb form原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time地点状语从句adverbial clause of place 方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence简单句simple sentence并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence 陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question反义疑问句disjunctive question修辞疑问句rhetorical question 感叹疑问句exclamatory question 存在句existential sentence肯定句positive sentence基本句型basic sentence pattern 否定句negative sentence祈使句imperative sentence省略句elliptical sentence感叹句exclamatory sentence句子成分members of sentences 主语subject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object补语complement主补subject complement宾补object complement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial句法关系syntactic relationship 并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification限制restriction双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form格case普通格common case所有格possessive case主格nominative case宾格objective case性gender阳性masculine阴性feminine通性common中性neuter 人称person第一人称first person第二人称second person第三人称third person时态tense过去将来时past future tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense一般现在时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense一般将来时future simple tense现在完成时present perfect tense过去完成时past perfect tense将来完成时future perfect tense将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense语态voice主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice语气mood陈述语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood虚拟语气subjunctive mood否定negation否定范围scope of negation全部否定full negation局部否定partial negation转移否定shift of negation语序order自然语序natural order倒装语序inversion全部倒装full inversion部分倒装partial inversion直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech自由间接引语free indirect speech一致a gre ement主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 语法一致grammatical agreement概念一致notional agreement就近原则principle of proximity强调emphasis 重复repetition语音pronunciation语调tone升调rising tone降调falling tone降升调falling-rising tone文体style结构structure层次rank正式文体formal非正式文体informal口语spoken/oral English套语formulistic expression 用法usage感情色彩emotional coloring 褒义commendatory贬义derogatory幽默humorous讽刺sarcastic挖苦ironic英国英语British English美国英语American English。