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定语从句精讲精练(一)关系代词的选用1.首先找准先行词，并弄清先行词是人还是物。
2.必须弄清先行词在从句中所作的成分，这是选择关系代词的关键。
⑴先行词指人，并在从句中作主语、宾语，关系代词用who/that; as；⑵先行词指物，并在从句中作主语、宾语，关系代词用that/which/as;⑶先行词指人、指物、并在从句中作表语，关系代词用that/as/who/which;⑷先行词指句子，并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语，关系代词用which,as；⑸先行词是“时间名词”，如在从句中作主语、宾语，关系代词用which/that/as; 作状语，用when;⑹先行词是“地点名词”，如在从句中作主语、宾语，关系代词用which/that/as; 作状语，用where;⑺先行词是reason ，如在从句中作主语、宾语，关系代词用which/that/as; 作状语，用why;⑻先行词指人、物，并在从句中作定语，用whose,指物时，可与 the＋名词＋of which互换；⑼先行词是way,manner等词，关系代词用that，in which,亦可省略；⑽关系代词前有介词时，关系代词用which(指物),who(指人)。
3.选择关系代词时应注意的几点：⑴that 不能放在介词之后作宾语， which,who则可以，如介词在句子后面时，也可用that,也可省略。
This is the room in which we lived last year.=This is the room we lived in last year.这是我们去年住过的房间。
⑵that不能引导非限定性定语从句，其它关系词可以，引导非限定性定语从句的关系代词不可省略。
We walked down the village street,where they were having market day.我们沿着村子的大街走去，村民们正在那里赶集。
定语从句精讲精练定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来充当，充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
定语从句“三要素”1.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词①指人的先行词②指物的先行词★先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。
He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. (which替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词2.关系词：引导定语的词(1)关系词的作用①替代前面的先行词（替代作用）②连接主句和定语从句（连接作用）③在定语从句中作句子成分（成分作用）(2)关系词的分类①标准：根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类②关系代词：在从句中做主，宾，表，定（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）③关系副词：在从句中作状语(When/where/why)3.定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子定语从句分类1.限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。
He is a teacher who works at our school.2.非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history.比较：He has two sons, who work in the same company. (He has only two sons.)He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he has two more sons)定语从句难点1.关系代词的省略(限定性定语从句)(1)关系代词在定语从句中作宾语She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that) (2)关系代词在定语从句中作表语He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that)(3)关系代词作介词宾语，介词在从句句尾时可以省略Housing price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in.比较：Housing price is a problem in which people are interested.（此时只能用which且不能省略）2.先行词是人(that/who的区别)(1)用that的情况①以疑问词who开头的句子中Who is the man that is shouting there?②关系代词在从句中作表语时She is not the girl that she used to be.③先行词被the very, the right, the only修饰This is the veryperson that we are looking for.(2)用who的情况①先行词是one, ones, anybody, all, none, those 等Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一个用whoWho is theboy that won the gold medal?③在there be 结构中There are many young men who are against him.④在非限定性定语从句当中Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.3.先行词是物(that / which的区别)(1)用which的情况①在非限定性定语从句中She lost the game, which depressed her greatly.②关系词置于介词之后，作宾语The pen with which you write is Jack’s.③先行词是that或定语从句中套定语从句,一个关系词用that,另一个用which.Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which is newly open to us.(2)用that的情况①先行词是不定代词如all, little, few, much,anything, everything, nothing, none, no one等She did all that she could to help us.②先行词被all, every, no, some, little, much, the only, he very, the right，the last等所修饰时This is the very book that I want.③先行词中既有人又有物时She described in her compositions the people and he places that impressed her most.④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时This is the best book that I have ever read.This is the first film that I’ve seen since I came here.⑤定语从句中套定语从句，其中一个关系词已用which, 另外一个用that He built a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.⑥当主句的主语是疑问词which,另一个用that Who is the person that is standing at the gate?4.as引导定语从句用法(1)As 既可以引导限制性定语从句也可以用于非限定性定句中充当主语，宾语，表语等。
定语从句精讲精练定语从句（I ) ― 由that , which , who, whose 引导的定语从句The Attributive Clanse ( I ) ( that , which , who , whose ) )定义定语从句：在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，其作用相当于形容词。
先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
关系词：引导定语从句，连接主句与从句的连词叫关系词。
关系词可分为关系代词（如that , which , who , whose 等）和关系副词（如where , when , why 等）两类。
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句：定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。
限制性定语从句是修饰先行词必不可少的成分，去掉从句后句子的意义就不能成立或意思不清楚。
非限制性定语从句只对先行词作进一步的说明，去掉从句后句子仍然可以成立。
非限制性定语从句前一般用逗号将之与主句隔开。
A man who doesn't try to learn from others can't achieve much. （限制性定语从句）不努力向别人学习的人是不能取得很大的成功的。
This note was left by Mary，who was here a moment ago . （非限制性定语从句）这个纸条是玛丽亚留的，她刚刚还在这里。
关系代词that , which , who , whose 的用法基本用法【注意】①定语从句中的谓语应与关系代词所指代的先行词在人称和数上保持一致Is she the girl who / that sells flowers ? 她是卖花的那个女孩吗？② one of ＋复数名词＋关系代词＋谓语动词的复数形式；the (on ly) one of ＋复数名词＋关系代词＋谓语动词的单数形式Mr .Smith is one of the foreign experts who are teaching in China .史密斯先生是在中国教书的外国专家之一。
定语从句一.定义：定语：定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任，修饰名词或代词。
定语从句：用来修饰主句中一个词或词组的句子，称为定语从句。
要素：先行词（主句中被修饰的词）；关系代词∕副词（从句的引导词）考纲要求：对于定语从句要求掌握以下内容：1.引导限制性定语从句的关系词2.引导非限制性定语从句的关系词3.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别4.介词+关系代词用法5.不定代词∕数词+of which∕whom引导的非限制性定语从句及其结构与并列句的判断6.关系词间的转换及选用认识：Handsome boys = the boys who are handsomeBeautiful flowers = the flowers which are beautiful二. 限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句：这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，写时不可用逗号分开。
限制性定语从句常由that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why,as引导。
(一)关系词：关系代词和关系副词1. 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词：that, who, whom, which, whose用法：注意：(1). 限制性定语从句中只能用that不用which的情况：a.先行词为不定代词everything, anything, nothing ,something , all, much, little, none, few, some 等不定代词修饰时用that。
He did everything that he could to help us.There is little that I can do for you.b.先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时用that。
This is the best book that I’ve ever read.This is the first thing that I want to say.c.当先行词是one of, the one, 或者先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much, the only, the very, the same, the last, few, just等修饰时用that。
定语从句I. 定语从句起了形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。
被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用，二是定语从句专项练习一．（A）把下列各组句子合并成一句。
1. The letter is from my uncle. I received it yesterday.2. The teacher saw what happened. He was standing nearby.3. The girl is not here now. She told me the news.4. This is the tree. He was climbing it yesterday.5. Do not drink water. It has not been boiled.6. The student is in the room. His name is Tom.7. The house is our library. Its door is painted red.8. I always remember the days. We spent them together.(B) 单项选择定语从句的用法1. This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday.A. thatB. whoC. whomD. this2. The man _____ lives next to us is my English teacher.A. who mB. whichC. whoD. /3. The girl _____ you saw in the street is Mary.A. thatB. whoseC. whichD. as4. Is this the factory _____ a lot of students visited yesterday?A. the oneB. whichC. whoD. whom5. Is this factory _____ a lot of students visited yesterday?A. the oneB. thatC. whichD. /6. The only language _____ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.A. whichB. thatC. /D. it7. The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police.A. whichB. in whichC. thatD. all8. _____ cleans the blackboard should be praised.A. ThatB. WhoC. The one whoD. The students who9. Please show me the book _____ you bought yesterday.A. whichB. whomC. whoseD. this10. This is the best book _____ I have been looking for all this year.A. whoB. whomC. whichD. /11. This is the only article of these that _____ written by him.A. wasB. wereC. isD. are12. The man _____ was here just now is a doctor.A. whomB. whoC. /D. he13. The boy _____ has two lovely dogs.A. who live next doorB. which lives next doorC. whom lives next doorD. that lives next door14. Those _____ made no mistakes in today’s exercises please raise your hands.A. whichB. whomC. thatD. who15. Don’t go in, this is the shop _____ we have just been _____.A. /, toB. that, /C. where, toD. which, there16. He is the most careful boy _____ I know.A. whatB. whichC. asD. ./(1-5ACABA 6-10 BCCAD 11-16 ABDDAD)二．(A) 在下列定语从句中，用适当的介词填空。
定语从句最细致讲解，附练习题（值得收藏）定语从句（安徽中考不考，但平时月考会考到）（一）1.定语从句的概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
3.关系词：引导定语从句的连词叫关系词。
如that、which、who、whom、whose、where、when等。
4.由that、which、who、whom、whose引导的定语从句。
that指人也指物which指物who指人whom指人，做宾语whose指人或物，做定语二、定语从句（二）1.先行词是物时，一般情况既可用that也可用which.但下列情况下，只能用that不用which。
1).当先行词为指物的不定代词，如all、everything、something、anything、nothing、none、the one等时，只能用that。
There is nothing ______ I can do for you .2).当先行词被the only、the very 、the last、all、no、little等词修饰时，只能用that。
This is the very book ______ I’m looking for .3).先行词被序数词修饰时，只能用that 。
This is the first nextbook ______ I studied in the middle school .4).先行词为最高级或被最高级修饰时，只能用that。
This is the most beautiful mountain ______ I have ever seen .=I have _____ seen _____ a beautiful mountian .5).先行词既有人也有物时，只能that 。
He told us many interesting things and persons _______ we had .2.先行词是物时，一般情况既可用that也可用which.但下列情况下，只能用which不用that。
定语从句精讲精练在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
引导定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that等和关系副词where, when ,why等。
关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。
1.由who, whom, whose引导的定语从句：这类定语从句中，who用作主语，whom用作宾语，whose用作定语。
例如：This is the man who helped me.The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room.Do you know the man whose name is Wang Yu?2.which引导的定语从句：which在从句中作主语或谓语动词和介词的宾语。
例如：This is the book which you want.The building which stands near the river is our school.The room in which there is a machine is a workshop.3.由that引导的定语从句：that在定语从句中可以指人或物，在从句中作主语、谓语动词或介词的宾语。
（但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语）例如：The letter that I received was from my father.* 注意在下面几种情况下必须用that而不用which引导定语从句：①先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等。
例如：All that we have to do is to practice every day.②先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰。
例如：The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten. This is the best film I’ve ever seen.③先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰。
例如：I have read all the books(that)you gave me.④先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。
例如：He is the only person that/(who) I want to talk to .⑤先行词既有人又有物时例如：They talked of things and persons that they remembered.⑥先行词在who或which引导的特殊疑问句中。
例如：Who is the man that is talking to John?⑦如有两个定语从句，其中一个关系词已用，则另一个用that。
例如：Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.4. 由when, where, why引导的定语从句。
先行词是表示地点或时间时，有时用where或when，有时用that(which)引导定语从句，这时要根据从句的谓语动词是及物的还是不及物的。
如果是及物的就用that(which)，否则用where或when。
例如：This is the house where he lived last year.This is the house that(which)he visited last year.I thought of the happy days when I stayed in Beijing.I have never forgotten the day which we spent together.5. 限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句：①限定性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分，主句和从句之间不用逗号分开，引导非限定性定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, of which等，这些关系代词都不能省略；②非限定性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明，没有这种从句不影响主句意思的完整，一般用逗号把主句和从句分开。
关系代词用which，不用that；指人时可用who，例如：I have two sisters, who are both students.Crusoe’s dog, which was now very old, became ill and died.6. as引导的定语从句：①as用作关系代词和关系副词引导限定性定语从句，并在从句中作主语、表语或状语，构成the same…as, such…as等结构。
例如：I like the same book as you do.(as作宾语）I shall do it in the same way as you did.（as作状语）练习：一．单项选择1.Is this the factory ___ he worked ten yearsA. thatB. whereC. whichD. the one2. Is this factory ___ some foreign friends visited last Friday?A. thatB. whereC. whichD. the one3. I shall never forget those years ____ I live in the farm ____ you visited last week.A. when; whereB. which; whichC. when; whichD. which; where4. May the fourth is the day ___ we Chinese people will never forget.A. whichB. whenC. on whichD. about which5. Is that the reason ____ you are in favor of the Proposal?A. whichB. whatC. whyD. for that6. I like the second football match ___ was held last week.A. whichB. whoC. thatD. /7. The Second World War ___ millions of people were killed ended in 1945.A. on whichB. whereC. in thatD. during which8. Who can think of a situation ____ this idiom can be used?A. whichB. thatC. whereD. in that9. We’re talking about the piano and the pianist ____ were in the concert we attended last night.A. whichB. whomC. whoD. that10. I have many books, some of ___ are on chemistry.A. themB. thatC. whichD. those11.. I don’t like ___ you speak to her.A, the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which 12 I can still remember the sitting-room ___ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. where13. Is this hotel ________ you said we were to stay in your letter.A. whereB. whichC. in thatD. in which14. The wrong you’ve done him is terrible, for________ you should make an apology to him, I think.A. thisB. whichC. whatD. that15. We played in the garden till sunset, ________it began to rain.A. whenB. afterC. while D .then16. I’d like a car ________front lights are big and round.A. whichB. thatC. whoseD. what17. “Who Moved My Chinese?”,________is a best-selling book, is written by Spencer Johnson.A. whichB. thatC. itD. what18. Is there a shop around ________ I can get a pack of cigarette?A. whichB. whereC. thatD. what19. Another unmanned spacecraft“ShenzhouⅡ”,________China greets the 21st century, marks new progress in the century’s space program.A. for whichB. from whichC. in whichD. with which20. Beijing government puts more than 700 million yuan to increase its green space this year, ________ doubles the money provided last year.A. asB. whileC. thatD. which21. That passenger was very impolite to the conductor, ________of course, made things even worse.A. whoB. whomC. whatD. which22. Helen is much more kind to her youngest child than to the others, ________ of course, makes the others unhappy.A. whoB. whichC. sheD. that23. I’ll never forget the days ________ I lived in the country with the farmers, ________ has a great effect on my life.A. that; whichB. when; whichC. which; thatD. when; who24. David gets up early and takes a walk in the morning, ______ is usual with him.A. asB. thatC. whatD. such25. The weather turned out to be very good, ____ was more than we could expect.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. it26. After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ____ he grew up as a child.A. whichB. whereC. thatD. when27. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _____ was very reasonable.A. which priceB. the price of whichC. its priceD. the price of whose28. I should like to use the same TV set ___ is used in your classroom.A. whichB. whoC. asD. whose29. The students ____ department Ms King worked ten years ago look down upon women.A. in whichB. in thatC. in whoseD. whose30. Is there anything else ___ you require?A. whichB. thatC. whoD. what二．用适当的关系代词、关系副词填空1.The school __________ I studies is near a park.2.We visited the house _________ Luxun once lived.3.They’ll never forget July 1 _________ Hong Kong returned to its motherland.4.We still remembered the days __________ we travelled together.5.This is the house _______ I lived two years ago.6.The place __________ we visited yesterday is a school for disabled children.7.There are many reasons _________ people like traveling.8.I don’t like the way __________ you speak.9.The mines ______ I worked were 9km from my house.10.The time ________ I arrived was late at night.11.Do you still remember the days __________ we spent together?12.This is the reason ________ he went.13.The reason _________he gave us was quite reasonable.14.I’ll never forget the days _________ we worked together.15.I’ll never forger the days _________ we spent together.16.This is the man ________ wants to see you.17.A clock is a machine _______ tells people the time.18.He lost my bike, ______ made me unhappy.19.Is there anyone ______ family is in Beijing?20.He is doing such work ______ I am.三．完成句子1. Do you know the reason _______________________（他为什么迟到）?2. I will never forget the day ________________________（我们一起学习的日子）.3. Can you tell me the name of the factory ________________________（你上星期参观的那个）?4. The time _____________________（当我第一次见到他的时候）was a very difficult period of my life.5.The house ______________________________（我们住的那个房子不是很大）.6. This is the first American movie __________________________（我曾看过的）.7. This is the baby _______________________（你将照顾的婴儿）.8. He lived in London for 3 months, _____________________________（在那期间他学习了英语）.9. The room ___________________(窗户朝南), is next to the library.10. This is the same kind of pen ______________________（和我昨天丢失的一样）.11. There were 50 students, ____________________________（他们中的大多数是德国人）.12. Anyone _____________________________（没有通过考试的）should be punished.。
