定语从句精讲精练在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
引导定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that等和关系副词where, when ,why等。
关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。
1.由who, whom, whose引导的定语从句：这类定语从句中，who用作主语，whom用作宾语，whose用作定语。
例如：This is the man who helped me.The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room.Do you know the man whose name is Wang Yu?2.which引导的定语从句：which在从句中作主语或谓语动词和介词的宾语。
例如：This is the book which you want.The building which stands near the river is our school.The room in which there is a machine is a workshop.3.由that引导的定语从句：that在定语从句中可以指人或物，在从句中作主语、谓语动词或介词的宾语。
（但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语）例如：The letter that I received was from my father.* 注意在下面几种情况下必须用that而不用which引导定语从句：①先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等。
例如：All that we have to do is to practice every day.②先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰。
例如：The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten. This is the best film I’ve ever seen.③先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰。
例如：I have read all the books(that)you gave me.④先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。
例如：He is the only person that/(who) I want to talk to .⑤先行词既有人又有物时例如：They talked of things and persons that they remembered.⑥先行词在who或which引导的特殊疑问句中。
例如：Who is the man that is talking to John?⑦如有两个定语从句，其中一个关系词已用，则另一个用that。
例如：Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.4. 由when, where, why引导的定语从句。
先行词是表示地点或时间时，有时用where或when，有时用that(which)引导定语从句，这时要根据从句的谓语动词是及物的还是不及物的。
如果是及物的就用that(which)，否则用where或when。
例如：This is the house where he lived last year.This is the house that(which)he visited last year.I thought of the happy days when I stayed in Beijing.I have never forgotten the day which we spent together.5. 限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句：①限定性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分，主句和从句之间不用逗号分开，引导非限定性定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, of which等，这些关系代词都不能省略；②非限定性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明，没有这种从句不影响主句意思的完整，一般用逗号把主句和从句分开。
关系代词用which，不用that；指人时可用who，例如：I have two sisters, who are both students.Crusoe’s dog, which was now very old, became ill and died.6. as引导的定语从句：①as用作关系代词和关系副词引导限定性定语从句，并在从句中作主语、表语或状语，构成the same…as, such…as等结构。
例如：I like the same book as you do.(as作宾语）I shall do it in the same way as you did.（as作状语）练习：一．单项选择1.Is this the factory ___ he worked ten yearsA. thatB. whereC. whichD. the one2. Is this factory ___ some foreign friends visited last Friday?A. thatB. whereC. whichD. the one3. I shall never forget those years ____ I live in the farm ____ you visited last week.A. when; whereB. which; whichC. when; whichD. which; where4. May the fourth is the day ___ we Chinese people will never forget.A. whichB. whenC. on whichD. about which5. Is that the reason ____ you are in favor of the Proposal?A. whichB. whatC. whyD. for that6. I like the second football match ___ was held last week.A. whichB. whoC. thatD. /7. The Second World War ___ millions of people were killed ended in 1945.A. on whichB. whereC. in thatD. during which8. Who can think of a situation ____ this idiom can be used?A. whichB. thatC. whereD. in that9. We’re talking about the piano and the pianist ____ were in the concert we attended last night.A. whichB. whomC. whoD. that10. I have many books, some of ___ are on chemistry.A. themB. thatC. whichD. those11.. I don’t like ___ you speak to her.A, the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which 12 I can still remember the sitting-room ___ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. where13. Is this hotel ________ you said we were to stay in your letter.A. whereB. whichC. in thatD. in which14. The wrong you’ve done him is terrible, for________ you should make an apology to him, I think.A. thisB. whichC. whatD. that15. We played in the garden till sunset, ________it began to rain.A. whenB. afterC. while D .then16. I’d like a car ________front lights are big and round.A. whichB. thatC. whoseD. what17. “Who Moved My Chinese?”,________is a best-selling book, is written by Spencer Johnson.A. whichB. thatC. itD. what18. Is there a shop around ________ I can get a pack of cigarette?A. whichB. whereC. thatD. what19. Another unmanned spacecraft“ShenzhouⅡ”,________China greets the 21st century, marks new progress in the century’s space program.A. for whichB. from whichC. in whichD. with which20. Beijing government puts more than 700 million yuan to increase its green space this year, ________ doubles the money provided last year.A. asB. whileC. thatD. which21. That passenger was very impolite to the conductor, ________of course, made things even worse.A. whoB. whomC. whatD. which22. Helen is much more kind to her youngest child than to the others, ________ of course, makes the others unhappy.A. whoB. whichC. sheD. that23. I’ll never forget the days ________ I lived in the country with the farmers, ________ has a great effect on my life.A. that; whichB. when; whichC. which; thatD. when; who24. David gets up early and takes a walk in the morning, ______ is usual with him.A. asB. thatC. whatD. such25. The weather turned out to be very good, ____ was more than we could expect.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. it26. After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ____ he grew up as a child.A. whichB. whereC. thatD. when27. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _____ was very reasonable.A. which priceB. the price of whichC. its priceD. the price of whose28. I should like to use the same TV set ___ is used in your classroom.A. whichB. whoC. asD. whose29. The students ____ department Ms King worked ten years ago look down upon women.A. in whichB. in thatC. in whoseD. whose30. Is there anything else ___ you require?A. whichB. thatC. whoD. what二．用适当的关系代词、关系副词填空1.The school __________ I studies is near a park.2.We visited the house _________ Luxun once lived.3.They’ll never forget July 1 _________ Hong Kong returned to its motherland.4.We still remembered the days __________ we travelled together.5.This is the house _______ I lived two years ago.6.The place __________ we visited yesterday is a school for disabled children.7.There are many reasons _________ people like traveling.8.I don’t like the way __________ you speak.9.The mines ______ I worked were 9km from my house.10.The time ________ I arrived was late at night.11.Do you still remember the days __________ we spent together?12.This is the reason ________ he went.13.The reason _________he gave us was quite reasonable.14.I’ll never forget the days _________ we worked together.15.I’ll never forger the days _________ we spent together.16.This is the man ________ wants to see you.17.A clock is a machine _______ tells people the time.18.He lost my bike, ______ made me unhappy.19.Is there anyone ______ family is in Beijing?20.He is doing such work ______ I am.三．完成句子1. Do you know the reason _______________________（他为什么迟到）?2. I will never forget the day ________________________（我们一起学习的日子）.3. Can you tell me the name of the factory ________________________（你上星期参观的那个）?4. The time _____________________（当我第一次见到他的时候）was a very difficult period of my life.5.The house ______________________________（我们住的那个房子不是很大）.6. This is the first American movie __________________________（我曾看过的）.7. This is the baby _______________________（你将照顾的婴儿）.8. He lived in London for 3 months, _____________________________（在那期间他学习了英语）.9. The room ___________________(窗户朝南), is next to the library.10. This is the same kind of pen ______________________（和我昨天丢失的一样）.11. There were 50 students, ____________________________（他们中的大多数是德国人）.12. Anyone _____________________________（没有通过考试的）should be punished.。
