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Introduction to Process Area of CMMI-DEV®®Capability Maturity Model ® and CMMI ® are registered marks of SEICapability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI ) Version 1.2CMMI For Development Process Area介绍目的需求管理的目的是对项目产品及产品组件的需求进行管理，同时确定这些需求与项目计划和产品之间的不一致之处。
关注点附加在项目上的需求与RD,TS紧密联系并同步执行。
当项目从需求提供者获取需求时，应与其一起审核，部分需求管理需要记录需求变更及其理由并维护原始需求与所有产品和产品组件需求之间的双向可溯性特定目标/实践与通用目标/实践SG 1 管理需求SP 1.1 获得对需求的理解SP 1.2 获得对需求的承诺SP 1.3 管理需求变更SP 1.4 维护秀的双向跟踪SP 1.5 识别项目产品与需求的不一致GG2制度化已管理的过程GG3制度化已定义的过程GG4制度化已量化的过程GG5制度化优化的过程。
目的PP的目的在于建立并维护用以定义项目各项活动的计划。
关注点§以及识别和分析项目风险。
§根据项目的进展情况对项目计划进行修订实践‚SG1 项目估算§SP1.1 估计项目的范围§SP1.2 工作产品与任务属性的估算§SP1.3定义项目的生命周期SP1.4 判定工作量和成本的估值‚SG2 制定项目计划§SP2.1 编制预算和进度§SP2.2 识别项目风险§SP2.3 规划资料管理§SP2.4 规划项目资源§SP2.5 计划所需的知识和技能§SP2.6 策划相关方的介入§SP2.7 创建项目计划‚SG3 获得实现计划的承诺§SP3.1 审查影响项目的各种计划§SP3.2 调整工作与资源配置SP3.3 获得计划承诺‚GG2制度化已管理的过程GG3制度化已定义的过程GG4制度化已量化的过程GG5制度化优化的过程。
SCON持续服务SERVICE CONTINUITYSG1 识别必要的服务依赖SG1 Identify Essential Service DependenciesSP1.1 识别和排列必要的功能SP1.1 Identify and Prioritize Essential FunctionsSP1.2 识别和排列必要的资源SP1.2 Identify and Prioritize Essential ResourcesSG2 准备持续服务SG2 Prepare for Service ContinuitySP2.1 建立持续服务计划SP2.1 Establish Service Continuity PlansSP2.2 建立持续服务培训SP2.2 Establish Service Continuity TrainingSP2.3 提供和评估持续服务培训SP2.3 Provide and Evaluate Service Continuity TrainingSG3 验证和确认持续服务计划SG3 Verify and Validate the Service Continuity PlanSP3.1 准备验证和确认持续服务计划SP3.1 Prepare for the Verification and Validation of the Service Continuity Plan SP3.2 验证和确认持续服务计划SP3.2 V erify and Validate the Service Continuity PlanSP3.3 分析验证和确认的结果SP3.3 Analyze Results of Verification and ValidationCAM能力与有效性管理CAPACITY AND A V AILABILITY MANAGEMENTSG1准备能力与有效性管理SG1 Prepare for Capacity and Availability ManagementSP1.1建立能力与有效性管理策略SP1.1 Establish a Capacity and Availability Management StrategySP1.2选择度量项和分析技术SP1.2 Select Measures and Analytic TechniquesSP1.3建立服务系统代表SP1.3 Establish Service System RepresentationsSG2监督和分析能力与有效性SG2 Monitor and Analyze Capacity and AvailabilitySP2.1监督和分析能力SP2.1 Monitor and Analyze CapacitySP2.2监督和分析有效性SP2.2 Monitor and Analyze AvailabilitySP2.3汇报能力与有效性管理数据SP2.3 Report Capacity and Availability Management DataSD服务交付SERVICE DELIVERYSG1 建立服务协议SG1 Establish Service AgreementsSP1.1 分析当前服务协议和数据SP1.1 Analyze Existing Agreements and Service DataSP1.2 建立服务协议SP1.2 Establish the Service AgreementSG2 准备服务交付SG2 Prepare for Service DeliverySP2.1 建立服务交付方法SP2.1 Establish the Service Delivery ApproachSP2.2 准备服务系统运行SP2.2 Prepare for Service System OperationsSP2.3 建立请求管理系统SP2.3 Establish a Request Management SystemSG3 交付服务SG3 Deliver ServicesSP3.1 接受和处理服务请求SP3.1 Receive and Process Service RequestsSP3.2 运行服务系统SP3.2 Operate the Service SystemSP3.3 维持服务系统SP3.3 Maintain the Service SystemSST服务系统转变SERVICE SYSTEM TRANSITIONSG1 准备服务系统转变SG1 Prepare for Service System TransitionSP1.1 分析服务系统转变需要SP1.1 Analyze Service System Transition NeedsSP1.2 开发服务系统转变计划SP1.2 Develop Service System Transition PlansSP1.3 动员相关共利益者参与变革SP1.3 Prepare Stakeholders for ChangesSG2 部署服务系统SG2 Deploy the Service SystemSP2.1 部署服务系统组件SP2.1 Deploy Service System ComponentsSP2.2 分析和控制转变影响SP2.2 Assess and Control the Impacts of the TransitionIRP事故解决与预防INCIDENT RESOLUTION AND PREVENTIONSG1 准备事故解决与预防SG1 Prepare for Incident Resolution and PreventionSP1.1 为事故解决与预防建立一个渠道SP1.1 Establish an Approach to Incident Resolution and Prevention SP1.2 建立事故管理系统SP1.2 Establish an Incident Management SystemSG2识别、控制和解决事故SG2 Identify, Control, and Address IncidentsSP2.1识别和记录事故SP2.1 Identify and Record IncidentsSP2.2分析事故数据SP2.2 Analyze Incident DataSP2.3 解决事故SP2.3Resolve IncidentsSP2.4 监督事故状态直到关闭SP2.4 Monitor the Status of Incidents to ClosureSP2.5 报告事故的状态SP2.5 Communicate the Status of IncidentsSG3 分析和解决所选择的事故的原因和影响SG3 Analyze and Address Causes and Impacts of Selected Incidents SP3.1 分析所选择的事故SP3.1Analyze Selected IncidentsSP3.2 策划方案来应对未来的事故SP3.2Establish Solutions to Respond to Future IncidentsSP3.3 建立和应用方案来降低事故发生率SP3.3Establish and Apply Solutions to Reduce Incident OccurrenceSTSM战略服务管理STRA TEGIC SERVICE MANAGEMENTSG1 为标准服务建立战略需要和计划SG1 Establish Strategic Needs and Plans for Standard ServicesSP1.1 收集和分析相关数据SP1.1 Gather and Analyze Relevant DataSP1.2 建立标准服务的计划SP1.2 Establish Plans for Standard ServicesSG2 建立标准服务SG2 Establish Standard ServicesSP2.1 建立标准服务和水平的特性SP2.1 Establish Properties of Standard Services and Service Levels SP2.2 建立标准服务的描述SP2.2 Establish Descriptions of Standard ServicesSSD服务系统开发SERVICE SYSTEM DEVELOPMENTSG1 开发和分析相关共利益者需求SG1 Develop and Analyze Stakeholder RequirementsSP1.1开发共利益者需求SP1.1 Develop Stakeholder RequirementsSP1.2开发服务系统需求SP1.2 Develop Service System RequirementsSP1.3分析和确认需求SP1.3 Analyze and Validate RequirementsSG2 开发服务系统SG2 Develop Service SystemsSP2.1选择服务系统解决方法SP2.1 Select Service System SolutionsSP2.2开发设计SP2.2 Develop the DesignSP2.3保证接口兼容性SP2.3 Ensure Interface CompatibilitySP2.4执行服务系统设计SP2.4 Implement the Service System DesignSP2.5 集成服务系统组件SP2.5 Integrate Service System ComponentsSG3 验证和确认服务系统SG3 Verify and Validate Service SystemsSP3.1 准备验证和确认SP3.1 Prepare for V erification and ValidationSP3.2 执行同行评审SP3.2 Perform Peer ReviewsSP3.3 验证所选择的服务系统组件SP3.3 V erify Selected Service System ComponentsSP3.4确认服务系统SP3.4 V alidate the Service SystemREQM需求管理Requirements ManagementSG1 Manage RequirementsSG1管理需求SP1.1 obtain an understanding of requirementsSP1.1获得对需求的理解SP1.2 obtain commitment to requirementsSP1.2获得对需求的承诺SP1.3 manage requirements changesSP1.3管理需求变更SP1.4 maintain bidirectional traceability of requirementsSP1.4维护需求的双向溯源性SP1.5 Ensure Alignment Between Work Products and Requirements SP1.5识别工作与需求的不一致性WP工作策划Work PlanningSG1 establish estimatesSG1建立估算值SP1.1 Establish the Service StrategySP1.1建立服务策略SP1.2 estimate the scope of the workSP1.2估计工作范围SP1.3 Establish Estimates of Work Product and Task AttributesSP1.3建立工作产品和属性的估计值SP1.4 define lifecycleSP1.4定义生命周期SP1.5 determine estimates of effort and cost SP1.5确定工作量和成本的估计值SG2 develop a work planSG2拟订工作计划SP2.1 establish the budget and schedule SP2.1确定预算和进度SP2.2 identify risksSP2.2识别风险SP2.3 plan for data managementSP2.3策划数据管理SP2.4 plan the resourcesSP2.4策划资源SP2.5 plan for needed knowledge and skills SP2.5策划必要的知识和技能SP2.6 plan stakeholder involvementSP2.6策划共利益者介入SP2.7 establish the work planSP2.7拟订工作计划SG3 obtain commitment to the planSG3获得对计划的承诺SP3.1 review plans that affect the workSP3.1评审影响工作的计划SP3.2 reconcile work and resource levels SP3.2使工作与资源水平协调SP3.3 obtain plan commitmentSP3.3获得对计划的承诺WMC工作监督与控制work monitoring and controlSG1 monitor the work against planSG1根据计划监督工作SP1.1 Monitor Work Planning Parameters SP1.1监督工作策划参数SP1.2 Monitor CommitmentsSP1.2监督承诺SP1.3 Monitor RisksSP1.3 监督风险SP1.4 Monitor Data ManagementSP1.4监督数据管理SP1.5 Monitor Stakeholder Involvement SP1.5监督共利益者介入SP1.6 Conduct Progress ReviewsSP1.6执行进展审查SP1.7 Conduct Milestone ReviewsSP1.7执行里程碑审查SG2 manage corrective action to closureSG2管理纠正措施直到结束SP2.1 analyze issuesSP2.1分析问题SP2.2 take corrective actionSP2.2采取纠正措施SP2.3 manage corrective actionSP2.3管理纠正措施SAM供方协定管理supplier agreement management contextSG1建立供方协定SG1 establish supplier agreementsSP1.1 determine acquisition typeSP1.1确定采购类型SP1.2 select suppliersSP1.2选择供方SP1.3 establish supplier agreementsSP1.3建立供方协定SG2 satisfy supplier agreementsSG2满足供方协定SP2.1 execute the supplier agreementSP2.1执行供方协定SP2.2 accept the acquired productSP2.3接受采购的产品SP2.3 transition productsSP2.3转移产品MA测量和分析Measurement and AnalysisSG1 align measurement and analysis activitiesSG1协调测量分析活动SP1.1 establish measurement objectivesSP1.1建立度量目标SP1.2 specify measuresSP1.2规定度量项SP1.3 specify data collection and storage procedures SP1.3规定数据采集和存储规程SP1.4 specify analysis proceduresSP1.4规定分析规程SG2 provide measurement resultsSG2提供度量结果SP2.1 collect measurement dataSP2.1收集度量数据SP2.2 analyze measurement dataSP2.2分析度量数据SP2.3 store data and resultsSP2.3存储数据和结果SP2.4 communicate resultsSP2.4通报结果PPQA过程和产品质量保证process and product quality assuranceSG1 objectively evaluate processes and work productsSG1客观地评价过程和工作产品SP1.1 objectively evaluate processesSP1.1客观地评价过程SP1.2 objectively evaluate work products & servicesSP1.2客观地评价工作产品和服务SG2 provide objective insightSG2提供客观情况SP2.1 communicate and ensure resolution of noncompliance issues SP2.1通报不符合问题并确保解决SP2.2 establish recordsSP2.2建立记录CM配置管理configuration managementSG1 establish baselinesSG1建立基线SP1.1 identify configuration itemsSP1.1确定配置项SP1.2 establish a configuration management systemSP1.2建立配置系统SP1.3 create or release baselinesSP1.3建立或放行基线SG2 track and control changesSG2跟踪和控制变更SP2.1 track change requestsSP2.1跟踪变更请求SP2.2 control configuration itemsSP2.2控制配置项SG3 establish integritySG3建立完整性SP3.1 establish configuration management recordsSP3.1建立配置管理记录SP3.2 perform configuration auditsSP3.2执行配置审计OPF组织过程聚焦organizational process focusSG1 determine process improvement opportunitiesSG1确定过程改进机会SP1.1 establish organizational process needsSP1.1确定组织过程需要SP1.2 appraise the organization’s processesSP1.2评价组织过程SP1.3 identify the organization’s process improvementsSP1.3识别组织过程改进项SG2 plan and implement process improvementsSG2策划和实施过程改活动SP2.1 establish process action plansSP2.1制定过程行动计划SP2.2 implement process action plansSP2.2实施过程行动计划SG3 deploy organizational process assets and incorporate lessons learnedSG3部署过程财富及吸收经验SP3.1 deploy organizational process assetsSP3.1部署组织过程财富SP3.2 deploy standard processesSP3.2部署标准过程SP3.3 monitor implementationSP3.3监控实施SP3.4 incorporate process-related experiences into the organizational process assets SP3.4提交过程相关经验到财富库OPD组织过程定义organizational process definitionSG1 establish organizational process assetsSG1创建组织过程财富SP1.1 establish standard processesSP1.1建立标准过程SP1.2 establish lifecycle model descriptionsSP1.2建立生存周期模型描述SP1.3 establish tailoring criteria and guidelinesSP1.3制定剪裁准则和指南SP1.4 establish the organization’s measurement repositorySP1.4建立组织度量库SP1.5 establish the organization’s process asset librarySP1.5建立组织过程财富库SP1.6 establish work environment standardsSP1.6建立工作环境标准SP 1.7Establish Rules and Guidelines for TeamsOT组织培训organizational trainingSG1 establish an organizational training capabilitySG1识别培训需要并准备培训SP1.1 establish the strategic training needsSP1.1建立战略培训需要SP1.2 determine which training needs are the responsibility of the org.SP1.2确定有哪些培训由组织负责SP1.3 establish an organizational training tactical plan SP1.3制订组织战术培训计划SP1.4 establish training capabilitySP1.4建立培训能力SG2 provide necessary trainingSG2提供必要培训SP2.1 deliver trainingSP2.1提供培训SP2.2 establish training recordsSP2.2建立培训记录SP2.3 assess training effectivenessSP2.3评价培训效果IWM集成工作管理Integrated Work ManagementSG1 use the work’s defined processSG1运用工作已定义过程SP1.1 establish the defined processSP1.1建立工作已定义过程SP1.2 use org. proc. Assets for planning work activities SP1.2运用组织过程财富策划工作活动SP1.3 establish the work environmentSP1.3建立工作环境SP1.4 integrate plansSP1.4集成计划SP1.5 manage the work using the integrated plansSP1.5使用集成的计划管理工作SP1.6 Establish TeamsSP1.7 contribute to the organizational process assetsSP1.7为组织过程财富做贡献SG2 coordinate and collaborate with relevant stakeholders SG2与相关的共利益者协调SP2.1 manage stakeholder involvementSP2.1管理共利益者介入SP2.2 manage dependenciesSP2.2管理依存关系SP2.3 resolve coordination issuesSP2.3解决协调问题RSKM风险管理risk managementSG1 prepare for risk managementSG1准备风险管理SP1.1 determine risk sources and categoriesSP1.1确定风险来源和分类SP1.2 define risk parametersSP1.2定义风险参数SP1.3 establish a risk management strategySP1.3建立风险管理策略SG2 identify and analyze risksSG2识别和分析风险SP2.1 identify risksSP2.1识别风险SP2.2 evaluate, categorize, and prioritize risksSP2.2风险评价分类和排列优先权SG3 mitigate risksSG3缓解风险SP3.1 develop risk mitigation plansSP3.1拟订风险缓解计划SP3.2 implement risk mitigation plansSP3.2实施风险缓解计划DAR决策分析和决定Decision Analysis and ResolutionSG1 evaluate alternativesSG1评价候选方案SP1.1 establish guidelines for decision analysisSP1.1建立决策分析指导原则SP1.2 establish evaluation criteriaSP1.2建立评价准则SP1.3 identify alternative solutionsSP1.3确定候选方案SP1.4 select evaluation methodsSP1.4选择评价方法SP1.5 evaluate alternativesSP1.5评价候选方案SP1.6 select solutionsSP1.6选择解决方案OPP组织过程性能organizational process performanceSG1 establish performance baselines and modelsSG 1建立性能基线和模型SP1.1 establish quality and process performance objectivesSP1.1 设定质量和过程性能目标SP1.2 select processesSP1.2 选择过程SP1.3 establish process performance measuresSP1.3 建立过程性能度量项目SP1.4 Analyze Process Performance and Establish Process Performance Baselines SP1.4 分析过程性能和建立过程性能基线SP1.5 establish process performance modelsSP1.5 建立过程性能模型QWM 定量工作管理quantitative project managementSG1 quantitatively manage the projectSG 1 定量管理项目SP1.1 establish project’s objectivesSP1.1 确定项目目标SP1.2 compose the defined processSP1.2 组成已定义过程SP1.3 select the subprocesses that will be statistically managed SP1.3 选定将进行统计管理的子过程SP1.4 manage project performanceSP1.4 管理项目性能SG2 statistically manage subprocess performanceSG 2统计管理子过程性能SP2.1 monitor performance of the selected subprocessesSP2.1 监控所选子过程的性能SP2.2 Manage Work PerformanceSP2.2 管理工作表现SP2.3 Perform Root Cause AnalysisSP2.3 执行根据原因分析OPM组织性能管理Organizational Performance ManagementSG1 Manage Business PerformanceSG 1 管理商业性能SP 1.1Maintain Business ObjectivesSP1.1维护商业目标SP 1.2Analyze Process Performance DataSP1.2分析过程性能数据SP 1.3Identify Potential Areas for ImprovementSP1.3识别潜在的改进区域SG 2Select ImprovementsSG2选择改进项SP 2.1Elicit Suggested ImprovementsSP2.1解释建议的改进项SP 2.2Analyze Suggested ImprovementsSP2.2分析建议的改进项SP 2.3Validate ImprovementsSP2.3确认改进SP 2.4Select and Implement Improvements for Deployment SP2.4选择和实施部署的改进项SG 3Deploy ImprovementsSG3部署改进SP 3.1Plan the DeploymentSP3.1计划部署SP 3.2Manage the DeploymentSP3.2管理部署SP 3.3Evaluate Improvement Effects SP3.3评估改进效果CAR原因分析和决定Causal Analysis and ResolutionSG1 Determine causes of defectsSG 1决定造成缺陷的原因SP1.1 select outcomes for analysis SP1.1 选择待分析的缺陷数据SP1.2 analyze causesSP1.2 分析原因SG2 address causes of defectsSG 2 处理造成缺陷的原因SP2.1 implement the action proposals SP2.1 实施行动建议方案SP2.2 evaluate the effect of changes SP2.2 评估变更的效果SP2.3 record dataSP2.3 记录相关数据持续服务Service Continuity (SCON)Purpose: The purpose of Service Continuity (SCON) is to establish and maintain plans to ensure continuity of services during and following any significant disruption of normal operations.目的：SCON的目的是为了建立和维护确保持续服务的计划，以便于在任何正常运行中断时能够提供不间断的服务。
CMMI L2标准体系详解序：一个处于“无序化”生产的软件公司，要进行过程改进，首要是改进什么呢？做任何事情都需要计划，做软件开发这样复杂的工作更加需要计划，所以2级中有项目计划(PP)以及项目计划跟踪与控制(PMC)两个PA，分别对指定计划以及计划的执行给出了详细的标准。
人是会死的，需求是会变的。
需求变更是每个软件公司最头疼的问题，需求变更也是导致项目进度拖延、成本高涨的主要原因。
如何管理好需求呢？需求管理(RM)给出了详细的指引。
软件生产越来越复杂，有时候我们需要采购一些组件，用于项目中。
另外一个方面，纯软件的项目比例也慢慢缩小，很多软件是基于一定的硬件的，而不少硬件也是需要采购的。
如何采购到合适的软硬件，如何保证采购工作不影响项目成功呢？供应商协议管理(SAM)会给你一个解答。
软件是比较难进行量化管理的，但作为公司的管理者，总会想知道成本、进度、缺陷方面的一些数据，以了解项目的情况。
CMMI2级，已经对度量提出了要求，详细情况见度量(MA)这个PA。
如何保证软件生产过程中各类工作产品协调一致，配置管理(CM)会给出指导。
如何保证每个工作产品以及生产工作产品的过程是遵照规定执行的呢？产品与过程质量保证(PPQA)有明确的指引。
CMMI L2级一共有以下PA：1)项目计划(PP)2)项目计划跟踪与控制(PMC)3)需求管理(RM)4)供应商协议管理(SAM)5)度量(MA)6)配置管理(CM)7)产品与过程质量保证(PPQA)每个PA有什么乾坤呢？我们会详细向大家阐述。
目录一章：需求管理(Requirements Management) (2)二章：项目计划(Project Planning) (4)三章：项目跟踪和控制(Project Monitoring and Control) (6)四章：供应商协议(Supplier Agreement Management) (8)五章：过程与产品质量保证(Process and Product Quality Assurance) (9)六章：配置管理(Configuration Management) (10)七章：度量(Measurement and Analysis) (13)一章：需求管理(Requirements Management)人是会死的，需求是会变的。
CMMI V1.2 版本的新特征许东;刘宗田【期刊名称】《计算机科学》【年(卷),期】2007(034)011【摘要】最新发布的CMMI V1.2 模型做了很多的改进.将原先的模型CMMI-SE/SW/IPPD进行了整合,更改了模型的名称:CMMI-SE/SW/改为用于开发的CMMI模型CMMI-DEV v1.2.CMMI v1.2 产品集支持开发、服务和获取过程,CMMI-DEV是其中的一种并首先发布,其它的CMMI套件在2007年陆续发布."附加"是用来扩展模型的,如CMMI-DEV+IPPD,表示某些过程域是和IPPD中的目标和实践结合起来使用.新版本还将CMMI的两种表示方式(连续和阶段式)合并在一个文档中表述.在CMMI V1.2 版本中,模型的表述、术语、过程域都有相应的改进.【总页数】5页(P241-244,258)【作者】许东;刘宗田【作者单位】上海大学计算机学院,上海,200083;上海大学计算机学院,上海,200083【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TP3【相关文献】1.GibbsCAM2011版本正式发布——改进并新增功能包括新的自动特征识别＆保存功能，5轴自动钻孔以及5轴加工 [J],2.东软软件过程成熟度同步于世界最高标准成为首家通过CMMI(V1.2)Level5评估的中国软件企业 [J], 赵景3.Siemens PLM Software发布Solid Edge 2D Drafting最新版本——新版本提供了更好的转换功能以及新的二维设计功能 [J], 无4.《三国志演义》版本研究的新突破——评魏安《<三国演义>版本考》 [J], 李伟实5.《三国志演义》版本研究的新突破——评魏安《〈三国演义〉版本考》 [J], 李伟实因版权原因，仅展示原文概要，查看原文内容请购买。
Pittsburgh,PA15213-3890适用于发展的能力成熟度整合模式(CMMI-DEV)1.2版CMU/SEI-2006-TR-008ESC-TR-2006-008为了更佳产品的流程改善CMMI 产品团队August 2006在著作权下可无条件流通.This work is sponsored by the U.S. Department of Defense. The Software Engineering Institute is afederally funded research and development center sponsored by the U.S. Department of Defense.Copyright 2006 by Carnegie Mellon University.NO WARRANTYTHIS CARNEGIE MELLON® UNIVERSITY AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERING INSTITUTE MATERIAL IS FURNISHED ON AN “AS-IS” BASIS. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY MAKES NO WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, AS TO ANY MATTER INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR PURPOSE OR MERCHANTABILITY, EXCLUSIVITY, OR RESULTS OBTAINED FROM USE OF THE MATERIAL. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY DOES NOT MAKE ANY WARRANTY OF ANY KIND WITH RESPECT TO FREEDOM FROM PATENT, TRADEMARK, OR COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT.Use of any trademarks in this report is not intended in any way to infringe on the rights of the trademark holder.Internal use. Permission to reproduce this document and to prepare derivative works from this document for internal use is granted, provided the copyright and “No Warranty” statements are included with all reproductions and derivative works.External use. Requests for permission to reproduce this document or prepare derivative works of this document for external and commercial use should be addressed to the SEI Licensing Agent.This work was created in the performance of Federal Government Contract Number FA8721-05-C-0003 with Carnegie Mellon University for the operation of the Software Engineering Institute, a federally funded research and development center. The Government of the United States has a royalty-free government-purpose license to use, duplicate, or disclose the work, in whole or in part and in any manner, and to have or permit others to do so, for government purposes pursuant to the copyright license under the clause at 252.227-7013.For information about purchasing paper copies of SEI reports, please visit the publications portion of our Web site (/publications/pubweb.html).The following service marks and registered marks are used in this document:Capability Maturity Model→CMM→CMM Integration SMCMMI→IDEAL SMSCAMPI SMCMMI, CMM, and Capability Maturity Model are registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.CMM Integration, SCAMPI, and IDEAL are service marks of Carnegie Mellon University.此文件由美国国防部赞助。
