基于Step By Step 2000(3)(4)的英语听力教学设计

StepbyStep4---Unit1英语听力Step by Step 4(英语专业学生使用的教材)Unit 1Happy Family Life (I)英语听力Step by Step 4(英语专业学生使用的教材)Teaching purposes To get to know how to make a marriage work and excel in the art of domestic argument To appreciate different love stories and opinions about “just-right” wife To take notes with effective skills英语听力Step by Step 4(英语专业学生使用的教材)Part I Warming up英语听力Step by Step 4(英语专业学生使用的教材)Vocabulary―A fatigue: foxhole: irritable: abuse: hurl (a stream of) abuse at sb英语听力Step by Step 4(英语专业学生使用的教材)Vocabulary―B lose-lose solution: attest: His handling of the crisis attested to his strength of character. excel: ~ in sth / ~ at doing sth excel oneself: (idiom) reside: (power/ rights/ success。

) reside(s) in sb/ sth 。

configuration: configuration of the earth’s surface/ the solar system7 valuable elements in a familySpiritual intimacy Encouragement CommitmentMutual servanthoodFamilyCommunicationForgivenessRespect英语听力Step by Step 4(英语专业学生使用的教材)Questions for preview What do you think are the most important factors in a marriage? Once there was a domestic argument, how would you do?英语听力Step by Step 4(英语专业学生使用的教材)Part II All you need is love?英语听力Step by Step 4(英语专业学生使用的教材)Vocabulary―A propose: propose (marriage) to sb criterion: (pl) criteria英语听力Step by Step 4(英语专业学生使用的教材)Vocabulary―C “just-right” wife: vow: marriage/ wedding vows keep/ break a vow take a vow of sth (silence, secrecy) upper portion: the upper portion of one’s body Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.Love is the beauty of the soul.In real love, you want the other person’s good. In romantic love, you want the other person .Love is the master key to open the gate to happiness. Some love lasts a lifetime, true love lasts forever.Love means never having to say you’re sorry. (Love Story)英语听力Step by Step 4(英语专业学生使用的教材)Love storie Liangzhu sRomeo and Juliet Brave Heart Myth英语听力Step by Step 4(英语专业学生使用的教材)Questions for preview How important is love in our life? Is it the sole factor in a marriage?英语听力Step by Step 4(英语专业学生使用的教材)Bible―Genesis, 2“ This at last is bone of my bones and flesh of my flesh; this one shall be called Woman, for out of Man this one was taken.” Therefore a man leaves his father and his mother and clings to his wife, and they become one flesh.英语听力Step by Step 4(英语专业学生使用的教材)Beauty is in the eye of the Beholder For years men and women have been getting married. When a man and a woman get married, it is_______________________________________. one of the biggest decisions they will make in life A man may select a womanbecause he, in his own eyes, sees her________________________. as the “just-right” wife for him Every man has his own________________________________. For definition of what the “just-right” wife is instance, ______________________________both may define their “justthe millionaire man and the poor man right” wife according to _________________but use_____________. her physical qualities different words Although some men define the “just-right” wife____________________, by her physical qualities other men describe their “just-right” wife___________________. Both the by her athletic qualities outdoors man and the inside sportsman may define their “just-right” wife by her spo rts qualities but_______________________. in two different atmospheres Men from all nationalities______________________________________. also have their definitions of the “just-right” wife But the Italian man’s definition is different from the Fre nch man’s. And similarly,_____________________________________________________. the German man’s definition is different from the Spanish man’s 英语听力Step by Step 4(英语专业学生使用的教材)Different definitions of “just-right“ wife The fit man’s definition The fat man’s definition Bachelor’s definition英语听力Step by Step 4(英语专业学生使用的教材)The fit man’s definition Gets up at 6 o'clock runs two to three miles. Prepares breakfast, washes dishes, takes children to school, goes to work. Arrives home, washes a couple loads of laundry, goes to exercise class, picks children up from school, cooks dinner. Cleans kitchen, bathes children, puts them to bed.英语听力Step by Step 4(英语专业学生使用的教材)The fat man’s definition Gets up at 8 o’clock, takes children to Mc Dona ld’s for breakfast, drops them off at school. Comes back home, lies on the couch watching soap opera. (Children have to walk home from school.) Instructs children to clean house, do the laundry, fix some hotdogs for dinner.英语听力Step by Step 4(英语专业学生使用的教材)Bachelor’s definition Just-right wife is someone else’s wife.He picks her up in a bar, takes her to his house, takes her home in the morning. He has no real definition for just-right wife. He is still a bachelor.英语听力Step by Step 4(英语专业学生使用的教材)Part III First meetings英语听力Step by Step 4(英语专业学生使用的教材)Vocabulary baseball diamond: fancy-dress party: fancy-dress ball frizzy: yearbook: platonic: hit it off: ~ with sb chap: trip over/ trip sb up engagement: Cheshire Cat:。

Unit 9Managing Personal Develo Develop p ment Part IWarming upA .A1.The three things children need:--First:To feel that one has options,that one maintains some control over his or her life.--Second:To feel significant in the life of at least one other person.--Third:To feel accepted because of his or her individuality.A2.First (This certainty gives people strength):more highly motivated to work harder /overcome daunting difficulties and pain Second (Children behave differently when treated differently):--Ignored:devastating /cruelest /angry /depressed /frustrated /negative behavior --Respected:thrives Third (Society's problem:encourage tolerance vs.welcome differences):deserves /acknowledged /cherished /unique /embrace others Tapescript :In my more than 40years of working with families and conducting research in family dynamics and the roots of human behavior,I have w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网observed again and again a few truths.I have learned that all children --indeed,all people --need three certainties to feel healthy and positive about life.First,a child needs to feel that she has options,that she maintains some control over her life.She needs to feel that she can do something to the world and the world will respond.In fact,stress,I believe,might be defined as a lack of options.Numerous studies have shown that people who have choices are more highly motivated to work harder and even overcome daunting difficulties and pain.Burn victims in hospitals who are allowed to participate in their own care,such as by dressing their wounds,require less pain medication than those who are rendered helpless by having everything done for them.People want to help themselves.They become empowered in direct relation to the choices and options they perceive to be available.The second thing that a child needs is to feel significant in the life of at least one other person.Being ignored is devastating,one of the cruelest punishmentspossible.It leaves the child angry,depressed,and frustrated.When people react negatively to the child,that arouses negative behavior.When the parent respects the child's efforts to express herself,encourages her explorations,applauds her small victories,from the first tentative baby w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网steps on,the child thrives.Third,a child needs to feel accepted because of his or her individuality.Each child deserves to be acknowledged and cherished for the qualities that make her unique,which can be hard to remember in a society that tends to encourage tolerance rather than welcome differences.Ideally,we should embrace others,and especially children,because of,rather than in spite of,their differences.B.Man 1Woman Man 2How to professional help self-help book club /communicate over overc c ome shyness?with different people Your choiceHow to sto stopp why nervous?Nail polish transfer your habit biting your /solve the problem into something differ-f ingern ingernails?ails?How to get in first walk/an personal cycle to work or For summer?hour a day trainer school Tapescript:1.How to overcome shynessMan 1:Well,I think if you're really shy it might be a good idea to see a therapist or someone like that --you know,to get some professional help.w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网You can't always change by yourself.Woman:Or how about getting one of those self-help books from the library?I'm sure there are books around with lots of good suggestions that you can try.Man 2:I think the best thing is to join a club and do activities where you have to meet and talk to different people.Like,if you join a theater group and work on putting on a play,you'll probably be able to overcome your shyness.2.How to stop biting your fingernailsMan 1:I think biting your fingernails is just a sign of nervousness,so the first thing to do is to find out what's making you nervous.Once you've identified that problem and then solved it,the nail biting will disappear.Woman:My sister used to bite her nails all the time,so she started wearing bright red nail polish.She bought the really expensive kinds,so she felt that she had made an investment in quitting her bad habit.I think the polish made her think about what she was doing,too.Anyway,after a few months,it worked,and she has really nice nails now.I guess if you're a guy,it's a little more difficult,though.Man 2:Maybe you could find something else to do when you're stressed out,like tapping your fingers or counting to 100.You have to try to transfer your habit into a different activity --one that doesn't cause such a problem.w ww .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网3.Flow to get in shape for summerMan 1:Getting in shape for summer can be easy.Just take a fairly fast walk for at least an hour a day.You'll be surprised at how much fat you can burn off just by walking every day.Woman:I recommend getting a personal trainer at a gym.It's expensive,but a personal trainer can help you focus on what you really need to do and show you the best kinds of exercises to do to tighten up your tummy or whatever it is you want to tighten up.Man 2:I think the best way to get in shape is by riding a bicycle to work or school.And on the weekends,go out for longer rides.It sounds easy,but actually,a good long bike ride can be even better for you than a workout at the gym.Ce this "chess board strategy"to create for yourself a personal career path that matches exactly with your plans and dreams,with your values and with your life's passions.2.Botanically the tomato is a fruit.Do you expect to find tomatoes in a fruit salad?Most probably not.But the ubiquitous tomato will appear inevery vegetable salad.3.At this point the clients begin speaking to each other.But they do this by participating in activities that are designed to help them better understand each other.w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网Part IILateral or verticalA .A1.career dealcareer ladder career structurecareer counseling businesscareer latticecareer "chess board"career planningcareer path career strategycareer chess player career future career adviceA2.1.Lifetime loyalty --career structure /guarantee a job for life2.'80s boom --work longerhours /more stressful /good cause:money,promotion3.Wrong --redundancy /anxious /no time for privatelife /drained of creativeenergy /dissatisfied1.New buzzword –career lattice /career ladder vs.career chess board w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网2.Play career chess –wider view of career path /overall career strategyteral thinking –step sideways /move a step back /move forward again4.Self-management –manage yourself /business asset:skills,imagination,creative talents,knowledge5.Money or life --moral and emotional rewards vs.financial rewards /interesting,creative vs.bank balanceTapescript:Lifetime loyalty.Your parents knew all about it.Back then the career deal was.you devoted your working life to one employer;you started at the bottom of the career ladder and worked your way up in a straight line slowly;you reached the top and you retired.End of the story.It sounds simple.Things were simple back then.Employers offered you a career structure and they virtually guaranteed you a job for life.They called it cradle-to-grave employment.Then came the boom years of the eighties.Personal life was put on hold while company life took over.People worked longer hours at their workplace,and their jobs became more stressful.But it was all in a goodcause,right?Money,promotion up the career ladder?That's what most people thought.For many people,however,things went wrong.Instead of promotion came redundancy.Those still with a job found that the stressful w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网working environment left them feeling anxious about their career ladder.It also left them without time for a private life.Many people felt drained of creative energy and dissatisfied with their lives.It was time for a change.Things are indeed changing,especially for young people just beginning their career.The new buzzword in the career counseling business is "career lattice.'Instead of a career ladder,think of a career "chess board.'New career planning is like playing chess.To move forward in chess,you sometimes have to move sideways,or even move back.Thesame could be now true of your career.You need to take a wider view of your career path.Examine your overall career strategy.Be a career chess player.You are not happy in your job?You can't see a career future?Or do you feel anxious about your company's ability to provide you with the opportunities you need?If so,try to think laterally.The solution to your worries could be to step sideways into a related job in another industry,or even move a step back to a lower position in a totally different area of work.Once there,you can begin to move forward again.Use this "chess board strategy"to create yourself a personal career path that matches exactly with your plans and dreams,with your values and with your life's passions.It's called self-management.The word speaks for itself.You become w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网your own manager.You manage yourself.You manage your career as you manage a business.Think of yourself as a business asset.How do you make the most of your assets:your skills,imagination,creative talents,knowledge?The best career advice anyone can give you is to look for moral and emotional rewards as well as the usual financial rewards from your career.Make yourself into an interesting and creative person who is more than just their bank balance.B.B1.Tapescript:A man worked in a tall office building.Each morning he got into the lift on the ground floor,pressed the lift button to the 11th floor.Got out of the lift and walked up to the 16th floor.At night he would get into the lift on the 16th floor,and get out on the ground floor.What was the reason for this?Now here is the solution.D id you guess right?Tapescript:The man was a dwarf and couldn't reach higher than the 11th floor button.B2.VT.select the best way of looking at a problemLT:create many alternative approaches w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网VT:move in sequential stepsLT.jump ahead and fill in the gaps laterVT.each step must be correct before the next can be approached LT.generate a range of solutions without providing stepse fixed categoriesLT:labels may change according to experience and point of viewVT:examine obvious approach,exclude irrelevant ones,in search of one final answerLT:may be no answerTapescript:Since most of us have been trained to think vertically and believe this way of thinking to be the only effective form,it is my initial task to address the contrasts between vertical and lateral thinking,First,vertical thinking selects what appears to be the best way of looking at a teral thinking creates many alternative approaches.There's an old riddle which could illustrate these different approaches to problem solving.When you've heard it,try to find thesolution.A man worked in a tall office building.Each morning he got into the lift on the ground floor,pressed the lift button to the 11th floor.Got out of the lift and walked up to the 16th floor.At night he would get into the lift on the 16th floor,and get out on the ground floor.What was the reason w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网for this?The man was a dwarf and couldn't reach higher than the 11th floor button.The natural assumption is that the man is normal and the behavior is abnormal.In fact,it is just the opposite.Let us continue with other contrasts.When we think vertically,we move in sequential steps,rather like an old man climbing a ladder.In lateral thinking,it is possible to jump ahead and then fill in the gaps later.The solution may make sense,even though the pathway is not vertical.It is certainly true that scientific research is often based on vertical thinking,However,the discovery of penicillin and its life-saving developments were the result of lateral thinking Another difference is that vertical thinking implies that each problem-solving step must be correct before the next can be approached.Think back to the way you learned mathematics:addition,subtraction,multiplication,division.Were you asked to show the process even when the result was correct?Indeed mathematics could not function without this teral thinking differs in that it is possible to generate a range of hypothetical solutions without providing steps of the process.There're many different ways of reaching the same destination.However,we must now conclude with further aspects of lateral and vertical thinking.Let me pose a question.Is the tomato a fruit or a vegetable?In vertical thinking,we use fixed categories,whereas in lateral w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网thinking,labels may change according to our experience and point of view.Botanically the tomato is a fruit.Do you expect to find tomatoes in a fruit salad?Most probably not.But the ubiquitous tomato will appear in every vegetable salad.Vertical thinking is to examine the obvious approach and exclude what seems to be irrelevant.Vertical thinking by its nature is in search of one final teral thinkers are aware that there may be no answer at all.Finally,and you must be wondering whether you'll be able to think tomorrow,the differences are fundamental,and the thought processes are distinct.But never forget that neither process can be discarded.Both are useful.Both are necessary.They're complementary.Part III Mediation skillsTapescript:Today we are going to discuss the steps involved in mediation counseling.The skills that make up mediation counseling will be useful to you in a variety of situations --for instance,helping a couple that is having problems in their relationship or parents who are having troublewith a teenager.Through mediation counseling,people can learn to take a series of steps that will lead them to identify problems and create solutions.Step One:Setting Up a Positive EnvironmentIn step one the mediator wants to set up an environment that will w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网help the clients to speak frankly about what has upset them without attacking the other person.This is first done by clearly stating specific rules about how the clients will be allowed to behave during mediation sessions.For example,clients must treat each other with respect.They may not shout at the other person or interrupt them when they are speaking.After the rules have been established,each client will take a turn speaking directly to the mediator.They will state their point of view concerning the problem.If they are having difficulty,the mediator will facilitate the process by asking questions like "What's been going on between the two of you?"or "How has this problem affected you?"Another thing the mediator will do is to rephrase statements that sound very aggressive and accusatory.For example,if Robert is mad at Vicky,he might say something like this:"The Problem is Vicky's always late.She has no respect for my time.She always keeps me waiting."To avoid having Vicky get angry when she hears this,the mediator would rephrase it,focusing on the real issue instead of on how bad Vicky is.The mediator might say something like this:"So you feel really frustrated and impatient when you arrive promptly and then have to wait a long time for ~he otherperson."When both clients have finished sharing their side of the story with the mediator,the mediator will list and clarify the problems.In the case of Robert and Vicky the mediator could say."There seems to be a problem finding a way to organiz e time that is comfortable for both of w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网you."Step Two:Two:IdentifyingIdentifying the Bottom Line In step two the mediator helps the clients to identify the bottom line.This is done by breaking their conflict down into specific issues which are emotional and behavioral.People might say they are mad about a specific behavior,lint what they are really mad about is how it makes them feel.To look again at the case of Robert and Vicky,the mediator might help them to see that while time seems to be the issue,the real issue is that Robert feels Vicky does not respect him.At this point .the clients begin speaking to each other.But they do this by.participating in activities that are designed to help them better understand each other.Maybe they could do a role reversal,and Vicky could talk about how she would feel if she and Robert were supposed to have dinner with friends and he came an hour late.Robert could share reasons why he might be late for something,Hopefully,this will help Robert and Vicky be more sympathetic with one another.Step Three:Three:Brainstorm Brainstorm Now it's time to talk about solutions.In step three the mediatorencourages the clients to share every possible solution to their problem,no matter how ridiculous or extreme.The clients must accept all the solutions either one of them suggests.They may not criticiz e each other during this step in the process.As they are making suggestions,the mediator writes w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网down all their different ideas.When everyone has .run out of suggestions,they look at their list.They try to identify which solution is best,which one is most reasonable or practical,which ones are unworkable,etc.,etc.They prioritiz e the solutions and discuss which ones would work for them,which ones they would be willing to ing the solutions they have chosen,the clients,with the help of the mediator,write down some very specific steps they would take to solve their problem.w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网。

A. 1. What kind of student comes to Oxford? The answer to this is, there is "Oxford Type." Common qualities they look for are commitment, enthusiasm and motivation for your chosen area of study backed by a strong academic record.2. The University of Cambridge is one of the oldest universities in the world, and one of the largest in the United Kingdom. It has a worldwide reputation for outstanding academic achievement and the high quality of research undertaken in a wide range of science and arts subjects.3. The University of Sydney was the first to be established in Australia and, after almost 150 years of proud achievement, still leads in innovation and quality. The University excels in sport and social activities, debating, drama, music and much more.4. Known for excellence in teaching, research, and service to the community, the university of Victoria serves approxi-mately 17,000 students. It is favored by its location on canada' s spectacular west coast, in the capital of British Columbia.5. New Zealand' s largest university, the University of Auckland, was established in 1833, and has grown into an international center of learning and academic excellence. The University is situated in the heart of the cosmopolitan city of Auckland and provides an exciting and stimulating environment for 26,000 students.6. Founded in 1636 Harvard has a 380-acre urban campus with easy access to Boston. It has a total enrollment of about 18,500 students. This university comprises many different schools such as the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, School of business Administration and School of Education.7. Columbia University is an independent coeducational universi-ty, which awards master' s, doctoral, professional, and other advanced degrees, with an enrollment of about 20,000 grade-ate and professional students.8. Boston University is located along the banks of the Charles River. With more than 30,000 students from all over the United States and 135 countries, it is the third largest inde-pendent university in the United States.B American universities have been offering classes online through computers for a number of years. Now, some newly created colleges are offering academic degrees online. One uni-versity offers both bachelor' s degrees and master' s degrees. Offi-cials say they try to provide students with a social experience as well as an educational one. For example, in some programs, groups of the same six students progress through all their classes together. They communicate by computer. Another online school uses a problem-solving method of teaching. Students attempt to solve real problems in their classes online instead of reading information.Students who have a taken online classes say they like them because they do not have to travel toa building at a set time to listen to a professor. Professors say they have better communica-tion with students through eimail notes than they do in many tra-ditional classes.1-2B.C. 1. GCSE examinations2. Students/ higher education3. student/ second year/high school/college4. General exam/ School Certificate5. Sitting University Entrance Examination6. Bachelor' s degree: 3/4 years Master' s degree: another year or twoDoctorate: a further 3_- 7 years1-3A. 1. Education has acquired a kind of snob value in modern times.2. Nowadays if we want to get a decent job, we have to have a piece of paper.3. If we want to get promotion in even a humblest job, we have to obtain a certificate or a diploma first.4. Experience and practical skills are regarded as relatively unim-portant.5. "Johnson would' ve been a manager by now if he' d taken the trouble to get a degree."6. "He' s a clever man, he could' ve done anything if he' d had a proper eductation."7. Would it not be better to allow people to become expert in a way most suited to them rather than oblige them to follow a set course of instruction, which may offer no opportunity for themto develop skills in which they would' ve become expert if left to themselves?B. Major viewpoints Supporting ideas and facts Statement Numbers: 1,4,7Statement Numbers: 2,3,4,61-4 Thinking ahead of the speaker - Anticipation HelpsListening is an extremely complex communicative activity. In his book Principles and Implications of cognitive Psychology, Nasser defines listening as a "temporally ex-tened activity" in which the listener "continuously develops more or less specific readiness for what will come next." In other words, an effective listener is constantly setting up hy-pothesis in his mind, and also, he is constantly testing his hypothesis by matching it with what he has heard in rality.If he hears what he has expected, he receives the informal- ton. But if what he hears is totally out of his expectation, he fails to get the meassge.The skill to anticipate what is coming in listening com-prehension depends largely on the listener' s familiarity with the theme of the message. It also depends on the listener' s knowledge of the speaker as well as the setting.Obviously, when we listen to something that we already have some information about, it is generally a lot easier for us to take in the new information. Therefore, pre-listening preparation seems to have a big role to play in enhancing listening comprehension. Before actual listening, we could perhaps first give some thought to the topic, discuss it with others, read some related materials and do some vocabulary work. If we could make ourselves fully orientated for the forthcoming talks or lectures, we are moa likely to become effective listeners.Of course, readiness beforehand is not at all enough. Active thinking must take place all the way through. In fact, we should always try to think ahead of the speaker. The ability to anticipate helps us in logical and intelligent guesswork. It does not only enable us a to know generally what a person is going to talk about in a certain situation, but also, interestingly enough, sometimes even exactly what a person' s next utterance is going to be in a discussion?2-1A. 1. There are more than 2,700 languages in the world. In addi-tion, there are more than 7,000 dialects. A dialect is a region- al variety of a language that has a different pronunciation, vocabulary, or meaning.2. The language in which a government conducts business is the official language of that country.3. One billion people speak English. That' s 20 percent of the world' s population.4. Four hundred million people speak English as their first lan-guage. For the other 600 million it' s either a second language or a foreign language.5. There are more than 500,000 words in the Oxford dictionary. Eighty percent of all English vocabulary comes from other languages.6. Eighty percent of all information in the world' s computers is in English.7. Somalia is the only African country in which the entire popu-lation speaks the same language, Somali.8. More than 1,000 different languages are spoken on the conti-nent of Africa.9. When the American spaceship Voyage began its journey in 1977,it carried a gold disc. On the disc, there were mes-sages in 55 languages. Before all of them, there was a mes-sage from the Secretary General of the United Nations in English.B. 1. learning styles: different ways of learning that different people have2. hearing learners: people who learn best by listening3. visual learners: people who learn best by reading or looking at pictures4. tactile learners: people who learn best by touching and doing thingsC. 1- a 2 c 3 d 4 b2-2 B2-3A.Things that make English difficult to learnH odgepodge Idioms in informal English Largest vocabularyCermanic French Greek & Latin Anglo-Saxon FrenchIrregularity in spelling & PronunciationB. (F) 1. The English language is a mixture of different languages, This feature has nothing good but only to make it more difficult to learn.(T) 2. According to the speaker, some words from the French have more prestige than those from the Old English al- though they mean the same thing.(F) 3. Canadian English is close to American English in some words and idioms. But the spelling and pronunciation reflect British usage.3-1A. 1. Position: cook Qualifications: good and dependable experience work on weekends way of contact: call 23597392. Position: English and math teachersQualifications:a bachelor degree teaching certificateWay of contact: resume to Wales Charter School,19 Snow Road, NYC3. Position: Marketing Communication supervisorQualifications:a bachelor degree in Business Administration good PC and presentation skills Way of contact: resume to MTP, P.O. Box 354, Syracuse, NY 164934. Position: Area Sales ManagerOffers to employees: professional carreers and extensive training Qualifications: professional carres and extensive trainingQualifications:dynamic, hardworking and initiated quick learnerinterested in working in a challenging environment mobile and able to travel extensively way of contact: detailed resume with expected salary and recent photo to Martin Apparel, 385 Rockledge Street, Syracuse. NY 158355. Position: Buyer Offers to employees: competitive salary and benefits packageexcellent career development opportunitiesQualifications:A bachelor degree in business or engineering 2-3 Years relevant working experience good command of English good communication and interpersonal skills ability to work in teamsWay of contact: resume with recent photo, contact phone number and a copy of diploma to 943 West Avenue, Syracuse, NY 186406. Position: AccountantQualifications:a university degree in accounting or auditing strong computer skillsa minimum of 3 years experience with trading companies Way of contact: resume with education certificate, ID card copy and photo to 404, South 7th Street, NYCB. Looking for a career change? A decade ago, who would have guessed that web designer would be one of the hottest jobs of 2000? Do you have any idea what will be the other six hottest jobs in the 21st century? Here are some suggestions:1. Tissue engineersWith man-made skin already on the market, 25 years from now scientists expect to be culturing growing organs in test tubes. Or trying, anyway.2. Genetic programmersAfter scanning your DNA for defects, doctors will use gene therapy and mart molecules to cure diseases, including certain cancers.2. Pharmers/ Pharmacologic farmersAfter scanning your DNA for defects, doctors will use gene therapy and mart molecules to cure diseases, including certain cancers.3. Pharmers/ Pharmacologic farmersNew-age farms will raise crops and livestock that have been genetically engineered to produce therapeutic proteins. Works in progress include a vaccine-carrying tomato and drug-laden milk from cows, sheep and goats.4. Genetically-modified food monitorsNot sure what for dinner? With a little genetic fiddling, fast-growing fish and freeze-resistant fruits will help feed an overpopulated planet5. Hot-line handymenStill daunted by the though of reprogramming your video cassette recorder (VCR), let alone your digital versatile disc (DVD)? Just wait until your 3-D holographic TV won power up or your talking toaster starts giving abouse. Remote diagnostics will take care of most of your home electronice, but a few repair-men will still make house calls via video phone.6. Narrow castersToday broadcasting industry will become increasingly per-sonalized. Working together, media and advertisers will create content just for you. Ambient commercials will also hijack your attention by using tastes and smells.3-2B. 1. All of the managers and painters who work for Student Paint- ers are ____.a. professional paintersb. full-time college studentsc. local high school students.2. Mark Laratonda is ______.a. a manager for Student Paintersb. the owner of Student Paintersc. a customer of Student Painters3. People who work for Student Painters are _____.a. earning college creditb. earning money for college tuition and expensesc. working for their parents 4. The goal of Student Painters is to _____.a. give students a chance to experience the real business worldb. teach students how to paint.c. provide travel opportunities for studentsC. 1. (F) 2. (T) 3. (F) 4. (F)5. (F) 6. (T) 7. (F)D. Mark Laratonda' s responsibilities at Student painters1. hiring painters2. doing advertising3. providing equipment4. taking care of payroll5. writing contract6. doing final inspection with customer3-3B.3-4 You Just Can' t Remember So Much!- Learn to Select, Learn to Simplify At a certain stage of English listening, some students may report a kind of unpleasant or even frustratin experi- ence. They say that while listening, they seem to understand everything that they hear, but as soon as the voice stops, all is gone! They say that they just can' t remember what they heard, not to mention writing down or speaking out. What causes this problem? Is it also your complaint? Let us try to discuss the matter from two perspectives.First, knowing some difference between comprehend- sion and production is important. When we learn a new lan- guage, we usually pass through at least three communication stages, namely, the one-way stage, the partial two-way stage and the full two-way stage. Obviously, there' s the gap in between. Just as Brown and Terrell point out in their books on language learning and language teaching, "The in-ability to produce an item should not be taken to mean that the learner cannot comprehend it." Therefore, if we can comprehend what is being said to us, we have achieved the first goal. That' s quite encouraging! Secondly, of course, we' ll have to move on. And we must be aware of some possible traps on our way to effective listening. When we listen, are we paying equal attention to every element in each utterance? Are we attempting to memorize and repeat and write down all the details in a pas-sage? If so, we need to think for a while. Human memory can retain only a limited amount of information at a time. Therefore, only by learning to select and simplify can we possibly absorb what is really important and then remember what is the most essential. In fact, when we listen, we use- ally listen with a purpose. Although it is sometimes necessa-ry to get detailed and specific information on the subject, it is, more often than not, quite enough for us to grasp the key words and the main points. Furthermore, in the course of listening, if we are capable of automatically turning the complicated sentences structures into simple ones, interroga-tive into affirmative, or passive into active, our brain will certainly do a much smarter job in helping our memory.4-1No one sets out in life to fail. The reality is that many do. Why do some prosper while others struggle just to exist? There is no simple answer to that question but here are a few thoughts that might shed some light onto this very complex issue.1. The future is in your imaginationHumans are blessed with the ability to think into the future. We can use our imagination to see possibilities. Use this unique gift in a positive way. Build a vision of what you want to be, have or do. It is the starting point of all successful activities.2. To win, you must expect to winOnce we imagine our future, we must wrap that vision with a belief system thatencourages us to fulfill the vision.3. We are surrounded by opportunityAs we move through time, opportunities are abound. All we have to do isrecognize them and reach out to grab them. Cap- Turing opportunity demandsrisk. Are you a risk taker?4. Like what you do or do something elseLow achievers usually don' t like to work or don' t like the work they are doing.Those who don' t want to work will never prosper. For those who work, it iscritically important that their work be a joyful experience. Match your skills toyour job re-quirements. The closer the match, the more enjoyable theexpe-rience.5. Your success depends on other peopleNo man is an island. We must interact with and receive the support of others.Build a network of friends. Get to know peo- ple of achievement. Listen to theirwords, watch their actions and apply what works for you.6. Everyone can succeedWe are all born with enough abilities to experience success. Our task is to discoverand develop those abilities. Nothing comes easily. Success demands hard work.Are you willing to work that hard?4-2A.B. 1. (F) 2. (T) 3. (F) 4. (F)4-3A. Gordon Parks is an artist who has many skills such as taking photos, writing books, composing music and directing movies. However, he is best known for his work with a camera. He saw the camera as a means of expression and communication.Gordon Parks was born into a poor famil in 1912. After his mother died when he was only 16, heworked several low-paying jobs to support himself. He because interested in photography at the age of 25. He thought photography could express how diffi-cult it was to be poor.B.5-1C.Experiment ReportProject: the development of self-esteemSubjects: Subjects: young boysProcedure:1. testing (what?): Measure the boys’ abilities and how they felt about their own abilities2. dividing (how?): three groups those with high self- esteem/ middle self-esteem/ low self-esteem3. follow-up study (where and when?): In all situations at home/ at work/ in school/ with friendsObservations: the behavior of the boys1. boys with high self-esteem: active/ able to express ideas/ successful in school and in relationswith other people/ cre- ative/ led in discussions/ interested in world problems/ sel-dom tired or sick2. boys with middle self-esteem: like the boys with high self- esteem/ express ideas freely/ saw theworld as a good and happy place/ not sure of their own value3. boys with low self-esteem: sad most time/ afraid to start activities/ felt no love/ couldn' t expressideas/ afraid of anger/ no talk in discussionFindings:1. Three groups of boys act differently.2. High self-esteem does not depend on physical appearance/ money/ size of family/ how much themother at home but it depends on close relationship between the boys and the parents.5-3A.B. 1. The employees & the company2. a. working part-time b. two workers sharing one jobc. setting the hours and days they worked. working from home by using computers3. a. making the best use of personal and family times. B Building trusting relationships at workc. asking supervisors and family members for helped. D Learning to make compromises in their lives.6-1A.B.6-2B. The findings of a recent study:Only 67% of Americans questioned wash their hands after using public restrooms.American men are less likely than women to wash their hands after using a public restroom. The importance of hand washing:Reducing the spread of infectious diseasesCommon infections spread by hand:Colds, influenza, throat and ear infections, food poisoning, cholera, hepatitis Measures taken to get more people to wash hands:Launching a public information campaign The correct method of hand washing: Washing with soap and hot water for at least 15 seconds6-3A When most people are sad, they know the feeling is only temporary. But there are large numbers of people who stay sad for a long time. These people suffer from the common mental sickness known as depression.Depression can affect anyone. Researchers say one out of ten persons in the world has the chance of developing a major de-pression at some time.About 80 percent of the depressed patients can be helped with one of several drugs that have all been found effective in treating depression. Doctors say, however, the drugs must be used very carefully.Depression also can be treated without drugs. Some doctors say that moderate activity four or five times a week can help treat minor depression. For example, running or walking rapidly for 30 minutes four times a week can improve mental as well as physical health. The traditional treatment for depression known as psycho-therapy calls for depressed people to spend an hour or more each week talking about their condition with doctors trained to treat mental problems. Discussion is supposed to help depressed people discover new ways of thinking and dealing with problems.Public education is needed to help people better understand depression.B1B21. to come hat in hand: to beg2. a handout: something you ask for/ not your own/ act of charity3. high-handed: making you beg for something/ rightfully yours4. to give with a glad and willing hand: not let the left hand know what the right hand is doing/ give freely without think-ing about it too much5. hand over fist: quicklyits origin: the sea/ climbed ropes/ raised sails/ one hand on top of the other/ instead of/hand by hand/ hand over hand6. hand in glove/ hand and glove (300 years ago): close/ closely7. the handwriting on the wall: our time is about up/ a warning its origin: a mysterious hand/ four strange words/ wall/ palace room/ face disaster/ came true/ King Belshazzar/ defeated and killed in battle7-1A. 1-d 2-a 3-g 4-b 5-f 6-e 7-cB. IOC stands for International Olympic Committee, which governs the Olympics in general. It was founded in Paris on 23 June 1894. Its headquarters are in the Swiss city of Lausanne. Its official languages are English and French. IOC members come from five different continents Africa, America, Asia, Europe and Oceania. They choose Olympic cities six years in advance.All the Olympic movement rules are contained in a book called The Olympic Charter.There an Olympic Museum and Studies Center in Lua- sane. It contains posters, documents, medls, books, photos, paintings, films and sculptures.The International Olympic Academy is a special center at Olympia in Greece. People involved in sport go there every sum- mer to study the Olympic movement history, ideals and future.C. Q1 First held/ Olympia/ GreeceQ2 Apporx.2 weeksQ3 1924/ since then/ same years/ Summer/ after 1992/ be-tweenQ4 Five continents/ blue, black, red, yellow, green, white/ national flag.Q5 Flame/ ancient Games/ modern Games/ 1928/ symbol/ per- fection & victory/ OlympiaQ6 Yes/ no money/ only medalsQ7 Display/ host country/ flame lit/ flag raised/ Olympic oaths/ opened by monarch or political leaderQ8 Faster, higher, stronger7-2A.B. 1. (T) 2. (F) 3. (T) 4. (F) 5. (T)1. The Clark family is the first American family of which three members will compete in one Olympic race.2. hazel Clark is the faster in the Clark family of runners. She has already won medals in earlier Olympic events.3. Marla Runyan will be the first legally blind athlete in the Summer Olympic Games.4. Marla Runyan will take part in the women' s long jump and 1,500 meter foot race at the Sydney Olympic Games.5. Many disabled people are greatly encouraged by Marla reunion' s story.7-3A. Fighting against Drug Use Punishment for those using drugs: Before an event banned from the competition After winning an event losing the medalMeasurements taken by IOC to intensify the campaign:Testing more Olympic athletes more often than ever Difficulty in finding the drugs:Drugs leaving the body in just a few hoursIncreased urine production hiding the presence of banned drugs Examples or some banned drugs:Possible dangers caused by banne d drugs:• thickening the blood• causing an enlarged heart• d amaging the reproductive system• causing deathB.8-1B. 1.d 2.h 3.a 4.e 5.i 6.c 7.g 8.b 9.j 10.f8-2A. Section 11. a. in daily life: nice/ friendly/ warm/ affectionate b. after a football match: drunk/ a aggressive/ scream/ shout/ push people around/ smash glasses/ monsters2. He finds it difficult to understand why normal, nice people behave so badly at football matches. Section 23. enjoy themselves/ no aggression or violenceSection 3 4. rugby/ tennis 5. They sit there silently throughout.B. I am always amazed when I hear people saying that sport creates goodwill between the nations, and that if only the common peoples of the world could meet one another at f ootball or cricket, they would have no inclination to meet on the battlefield. Even if one didn' t know from concrete examples (the 1936 Olympic Games, for instance) that international sporting contests led to orgies of hatred, one could deduce it from general principles.Nearly all the sports practiced nowadays are competitive. You play to win, and the game has little meaning unless you do your utmost to win. On the village green, where you pick up sides and no feeling of local patriotism is involved, it is possible to play simply for the fun and exercise: but as soon as the ques- tion of prestige arises, as soon as you feelyou and some larger unit will be disgraced if you lose, the most savage combative instincts are aroused. Anyone who has played even in a school football match knows this. At the international level, sport is frankly mimic warfare. But the significant thing is not the be- hind the spectators, of the nations who work themselves into fu- ries over these absurd contests, and seriously believe at any rate for short periods that running, jumping and kicking a ball are tests of national virtue.8-3A. OutlineⅠ. The speaker' s self-introduction A. occupation: a secondary school teacher B. involvement in extracurricular activities 1. primarily in the sports field 2. supporting many of the other areasⅡ. Extracurricular activities offered in the schoolA. sporting activities1. an inter-school activity2. an intramural activityB. the music program1. two parts a. Band b. chorus/ choir2. advantage: good for the students' personal development3. special groupsa. jazz bandb. jazz singers C. other extracurricular activities1. a math club2. a science club3. an annual club4. a newspaper club5. an outdoors club6. a chess club7. a cooking club Ⅲ. The reasons why these extracurricular activities are offered A. helping students fill their time in a positive wayB. helping students build skills which may be used for their future vocationC. providing fun and enjoyment1. for teachers: in sponsoring the activates2. for students: IN participating the activitiesB. 1. (F) 2. (F) 3. (T) 4. (F) 5. (T)Extracurricular activities are a very important and enjoyable part of all of our school day. Statements:1. There are about 100,000 residents in the town of Coney.2. The speaker only teacher the senior secondary school students.3. Only the excellent athletes of the school can take part in the inter-school activates.4. All students have to be involved in the music program offered in the school.5. Only 30 percent of the students can go to school on foot.8-4Represent the ideas Clear and Clean - OutliningOutlining is a method of classifying and organizing ideas. It is a skill very useful to language learners when they are taking lecture notes, reading, or writing a paper.In listening, the skill of outlining reflects, to a certain extent, the listener' s ability in understanding how the facts or ideas, or the scattered pieces of information are related to one another.People generally use a system of roman numerals, Arabic numbers, and letters to show relationships. There is a kind of standard form for using these symbols to show which ideas are most important. They symbols used, in order of de-creasing importance, are roman numerals (Ⅰ.Ⅱ.Ⅲ....),capital letters(A.B.C....), Arabic numbers (1.2.3....), small letters (a.b.c....),and numbers in parentheses [(1) (2)(3)...].The placement of the topics on paper is also important. The most important items are entered farther to the left. Lesser items are entered farther and farther to the right. Headings of equal importance are indented the same distance from the left margin. The purpose of this indentation is to make each idea easy to see and also to show just how it is related to the ideas before and after it.No Punctuation is needed at the end of an idea unless it is written as a complete sentence. Outlining, as a fairly comprehensive and effective method in language learning, certainly deserves our attention and practice, particularly for advanced listeners.The blanks form of an outline looks like this:9-11. Buy fresh food that doesn’t need a lot of packaging.2. Try to buy "organic" fruit and vegetables from farmers who don' t use chemicals.3. Save as much water as possible.4. Use products that won' t stay forever in the earth or sea when you throw them away.5. Use bottles more than once or take them to a bottle bank.6. Try to save paper. Also, buy and use recycled paper as often as possible.7. Avoid "throw-away" products.8. Make sure that your family and friends use Unleaded petrol in their cars.9. don' t buy products (fur or ivory, for example) made from rare or protected species.10. Use public transportation as often as possible.11. If you' re buying wood, don' t choose hardwood from tropical rainforests.12. Look for aerosols which haven' t got any CFCs in them.13. Don' t buy hamburgers or pizzas in plastic boxes which contain CFCs.14. Use batteries as little as possible. It takes 50 times more energy to make them than they produce.15. Don' t leave on electric lights, TV, hi-fi, etc, if you' re not suing them.16. Find out more about conservation issues in your area. Are there any woods or fields in danger, for。

英语听力1课程教学大纲课程编号：一、说明（一）课程性质必修课（二）教学目的通过专门系统的、严格的听力技能训练，培养学生听力兴趣、听力理解能力和正确的听音方法，为他们今后使用英语进行交际和工作奠定坚实的基础。

（三）教学主要内容英语数字、时间、新闻等。

（四）教学时数32学时（五）教学方式在教学过程中坚持精听和泛听相结合，课内外相结合，循序渐进。

（六）适用对象英语专业大一学生二、教学内容及安排Unit 1 Eduction Is Key教学要点：如何抓住听力内容大意。

教学时数：4学时教学内容：Prt I: Wrming upPrt II: Eductionl systemsPrt III: University lifePrt IV: University cmpus考核要求：掌握并能实际运用本章所学内容。

Unit 2 Colorful Lnds, Colorful People教学要点：如何做笔记。

教学时数：4学时教学内容：Prt I: Wrming upPrt II: The world's six billionth inhbitntPrt III: Fetures of the erthPrt IV: Short tlks on Listening skills考核要求：掌握并能实际运用本章所学内容。

Unit 3 Trveling from Plce to Plce 教学要点：如何听取细节。

教学时数：2学时教学内容：Prt I: Wrming upPrt II: It's the only wy to trvelPrt III: V ill RentlsPrt IV: Lnguge study nd lnguge pprecition 考核要求：掌握并能实际运用本章所学内容。

Unit 4 pproching Culture教学要点：如何听英语数字。

教学时数：2学时教学内容：Prt I: Wrming upPrt II: Plces to enjoyPrt III: Life here nd therePrt IV: Interntionl business考核要求：掌握并能实际运用本章所学内容。

初中英语听力教学设计初中英语听力教学设计范文作为一位无私奉献的人民教师，时常要开展教学设计的准备工作，借助教学设计可以让教学工作更加有效地进行。

教学设计要怎么写呢？以下是小编为大家整理的初中英语听力教学设计范文，欢迎阅读与收藏。

初中英语听力教学设计1一、听力教学的目的：1、培养学生捕捉信息的能力2、培养学生推导和预测的能力3、逐步培养学生做笔记的能力二、听力教学使用的策略1、充分利用学生已有的知识2、充分利用文字和图表等信息3 、预测4、根据语气和语调推断三、听力课教学设计听力教学一般分为三个阶段，即：听前阶段（pre—listening），听时阶段（while—listening），听后阶段（post—listening）。

（一）听前活动设计1、听前活动的目的：听前活动的目的是引导学生进入主题听力状态，为更好地听做各方面的准备。

内容包括让学生明确听力学习的目标任务，对听力材料的内容引起注意，提起兴趣，以最佳状态进入听力活动。

准确把握听前活动的设计，结合学生实际，设计既贴近学生生活实际，又满足听力准备的需求。

2、听前活动设计需要注意：（1）听前活动设计不应包括词汇扩展听前活动的目的是为听力活动的开展做必要的准备，扫清会对听力理解产生障碍的词汇及必要的背景知识准备是必不可少的。

但是这项准备工作只是要学生认知生词即可，词汇的扩展学习应放在听力理解之后，这样能使教学层次清楚，又重点突出。

（2）听前活动内容设计要融入对新语言知识的感知通过听前活动使学生感知听力课文中出现的新语言知识如核心词汇句型，这样不仅能降低听力理解的难度，还能增加新知识学习的层次与复现率，使学习过程更系统、更扎实。

（3）听前活动所占时间不宜过长，且内容紧扣听力材料。

（二）听中活动设计1、听中活动的目的：听中教学目的是理解语篇承载的信息和感知新语言结构在实际情景中的运用。

教师应根据学生认知水平和需求，创造有效的听力理解环节教学活动设计。

Step By Step英语听力入门2000（4）期末考试复习听力材料(附MP3剪辑版听力音频)Unit 1 Happy Family Life (I)Part I Warming upA.T ape-scriptHere are a few general ideas I believe help make a marriage work:1. Go on dates with each other. Renew romantic feelings by spending special time together.2. Be as specific as you can when you complain, make a request, or offer praise.3. When stressed by fatigue or your own insecurities, imagine you and your partner in a foxhole, surrounded by danger. Instead of striking out at your partner, find a way to protect the partnership!4. When you feel "distant," talk about it with your partner.5.Be assured that partners in all marriages sometimes get tired, irritable, or distracted. Work together to understand each other.6. Respect each other. Leave if danger exists. Find professional help if physical, sexual, emotional, or verbal abuse occurs.7. Fight to "understand," not to "win."B. T apescript:Having been married for more than 40 years, I can attest to the truth of the following statement: To excel in the art of domestic argument, one must master the art of 1osing.Modern psychologists are taken with the "win-win" solution. But in marriage, success resides more in "lose-lose" solutions. Out of these, both parties can win. For in the love configuration, losing gives a gift that always returns.The issues that people argue over most in marriage, such as how to spend money, often aren't the real ones. The key issue is: Who is going to be in control? When I was younger, my need to control arose out of fear, a lack of trust, insecurity. The day I finally realized I didn't need to control my wife -- that, indeed, I ought not to control her, that I couldn't control her, and that if I tried to, I would destroy our marriage -- was the day our marriage began.What is it we want most from a marriage? To love and be loved. To be happy and secure. To grow to discover. A love relationship is the garden in which we plant, cultivate and harvest the most precious of crops, our own self, and in which our spouse is provided the same rich soil in which to bloom.We cannot obtain what we want unless our partner also gets what he or she wants. So remember: if you want to feel loved and respected, give up control.Part II All you need is love?A. T ape-script.Many people in Western cultures choose their own wives and husbands. In many other cultures, spouses are often chosen by the parents. In China and Japan before this century (20th century), upper-class marriages were arranged by the older males. In many cultures in the Middle East, Asia, and pre-industrial Europe, the man's family negotiated a "bride price" with thewomen's family; the man's family was expected to pay it. In Hindu India, the bride's family paid a "groom's price" to the family of the man. These customs are weakening; for instance, only 9.2 percent of Japanese marriages are now arranged.What are the criteria for choosing mates? Most marriages－whether arranged by families or occurring from personal attraction or love -- are based on similar social backgrounds. In other words, the man and the woman come from the same social class (or else a class that is only slightly higher or lightly lower). Among many people in Egypt, key members of the man's family must go to the family of the woman and propose marriage. These family members must be able to show that the man's family is at least of the same social class as the woman and that a certain amount of money exists to allow the marriage to go forward.Having the same race or the same ethnic background is the second main criterion for marriage throughout the world. In the U. S., where there are many different races, only 3 percent of all marriages are between blacks and whites, meaning that the races are still largely separate in marriage.In many countries, marriage is also based on the woman and man having the same religion; this is a third common criterion for choosing a mate. In cultures in which religion is a very strong value, marriages would often not take place if there were religious differences.B. T apescript:A:What do you think it is that attracts people to each that makes people want to be together?B: I think that perhaps unfortunately in the initial stages it's the physical appearance that attracts. I think unless you find somebody attractive, unless there's something about them－it could only perhaps be the way they smile or they laugh, or a twinkle in their eye, or the way a curl falls over their forehead. But something like that has to make you interested enough to find out more about that person, unless that's there I think you just don't bother. So initially physical attraction I think is all-important.A: Why do you say "unfortunately"?B: Because in fact it shouldn't be what somebody looks like that is important. Y ou should be able to look beyond the physical appearance and see what sort of a person he or she is, whether they're selfish or selfless, whether: they're kind, caring. But I think initially you're not bothered with that. That comes perhaps later.A: In pop songs and magazines and newspapers and so on, the idea of falling in love is always emphasized, so people have this idea that you have to fall in love. Do you think this is misleading for people? Do you think people expect something that in fact doesn't exist?B: Y es I do, in fact I think we can probably lay the blame for the high percentage of divorces -- it's a third I think now, isn't it? I think one in three people get divorced. Probably as far as I can see it, the reason is that they go into marriage or a relationship with a very romantic view of love whic h I think has been created by the pop songs, by all the love stories, by the Barbara Cartland novels,etc., that young people read. Really, you meet someone, you fall in love, and that's it, it's the beginning, they live happily ever after. And I think that's the problem, because people just expect that, and it's not like that.A: So what is it, do you think, that really sustains a relationship, that keeps a relationship going?B: Well, I think you have to differentiate between falling in love with somebody, which I see as more superficial, and loving somebody, which I see as a deeper emotion and one that perhaps lasts. Falling in love is superficial attraction, being attracted to somebody physically, having fun together, whereas loving somebody I think is an emotion that grows, it comes with shared experiences, perhaps enjoying doing the same things together, shared hobbies, shared interests, suffering together as well, going through the bad times, helping each other, supporting each other.I think all that needs time to grow, and I'd call that love, and I think that's what makes a relationship last.Unit 3 The Changing WomenPart I Warming upA.T apescript:1. Organized activity on behalf of women's rights began in the mid 1800s, when both by law and by custom, women were considered "non-persons."2. In the early 1800s, important changes occurred in the social and political climate in America asa result of World War I.3. In 1920 after World War t, American women gained the right to vote.4. During World War II, large numbers of women entered the job market to do the jobs of the men who had been drafted into military service.5. Today, women make up 1.5% of the 200,000 professional firefighters in the U. S., and they make up 4% of airline pilots and navigators.6. The Small Business Administration predicts that women will own nearly 40% (others Say half) of all small businesses in the U.S. by the year 2000.7. From 1980 to 1988, the number of business men and women-- entrepreneurs -- increased 56% overall, but during that period, the number of female entrepreneurs grew 82%.8. In 1969 in the U. S., only 4% of the state lawmakers were women. By 1993, this number had grown by 500%, and 20.4% of state legislators were women.9. Today, only 10% of American families have the traditional working father and the mother who stays home to take care of the children.10. The rate of women's participation in the workforce rose from 27% in 1940' to 44% in 1985.B.L-- Lynne I-- Irene B--BarbaraL: I have many, many friends who have opted for a child-free life. I have a great deal of respectfor their choice. But therein lies the key. It was their choice. Infertility was not my choice. Is a woman less of a woman without children? Absolutely not in my opinion, but I had to have children. I don't know why. People have asked us, y’know, "Well what was that just made you so obsessed and compelled and driven?" I don't know. I don't... I don't know that I'll ever know. All I know is I had to have children.I: Well, my daughter, interestingly enough, is the same way. She's very eager as soon as she finishes law school to get married and have children. And we talked about this and she said, "Mom, you don't understand. I've been thinking about having children since I was eight or nine years old."B: Y es, that's how I was.I: Whereas I didn't, but she's been thinking about it for so long in her life, and I was really surprised when we had this conversation to learn that, that she's been observing me as a mother, observing other mothers, trying to decide what kind of a mother she was going to be when motherhood came her way.L: Well, that's ... that's exactly how I have always felt. But I have to say that I certainly respect people who don't choose motherhood.T apescript:B -- Beth I -- IreneB: It's a big challenge for mothers today, because oftentimes mothers feel like it's an either / or proposition that they have to work or have a child. And the reality is more and more women are choosing to do both, and also not be superwomen, so it's a tricky.., it's a tricky line to balance. But I do have a quote that says, "To choose to have a child is to choose forever to have your heart walk outside of your body," which means, just as we've been talking about, that you are constantly attached to your child, no matter how old they get, but you will learn to walk those lines. And you will learn to create balance and harmony in your life, and you'll realize that not everything you do is going to send your child to a therapist. And that's wonderful.I: Y es, yes. I've just always felt that if you loved them hard enough, and that you had ... your heart kind of in the right place, which obviously is outside your own body, that there was very little that ... that you could do wrong. I mean you ...B: Y es. I think that's true. I think if you build a solid foundation with your child, especially in the early years, and...I: How early are we talking "early years"? I mean, by what point is the child's personality formed already?B: Well, you know there's a lot of information on that that definitely is conflicting. But there are new studies coming out that are just fascinating about how important, extremely important it is fora child to be with his / her mother until they're close to four years old. Now, that doesn't mean consistently. I'm not advocating that a mother stay home full time if she's not so inclined. But there's definite research that's coming out saying that, y'know, a mother's role is more important in some regards than we had thought, and that the bonding process lasts quite a bit longer. In fact, children go into shock oftentimes if they are separated too early. And that's why I think a lot of us are fighting for parental leave and family leave, that allows both mother and father to have time with their children hopefully within the first two years, not just the first few months.People need concrete support, and especially nowadays, I did write another meditation about people needing the support of community because nowadays we oftentimes don't have our parents close by, or brothers and sisters live in another state or even in another country. And so especially when you come home for the first few months or the first few years, you may feel extremely isolated if you can't hook up with a co-op, a babysitting co-op, or a mother's group ... And this is just a wonderful way to remind mothers that we have what Mary Catherine Bateson calls peripheral vision: the ability to be attentive to multiple demands and to think about more than one thing at a time. And I think that's a very valuable trait that mothers do have. And sometimes we think of ourselves as being scattered and airheads because of it, and that's been oftentimes how we've been portrayed, but this is a wonderful, wonderful trait that mothers develop especially in the first few years.I: Well, we have eyes in the backs of our heads, right?B: Exactly.I: But we are also able to keep lots of balloons in the air, which means that what we do is, you get up in the morning and you say, "I need to do this, this, this, this, and I need to go to work, and what's for dinner besides.”B: Exactly.I: Y ou get it all in order before you leave the house in the morning.B: Right, and you can take your needs into account as well as the needs of many other individuals, which is extremely important in this day and age. I mean we no longer can afford ecologically to have a one-track mind. We can no longer afford it in the family, in the work place, and I think that's something that women very much have to offer.I: I think that the "me" generation is over.Unit 5 Matching Dreams with Education (I)Part I Warming upT apescript:1. In a study done by the National Association of Colleges and Employers, only 4% of employers surveyed said they reneged on job offers, and only 30% of colleges claimed some of their students were hired then let go. Other companies like Pricewater House Coopers are pushing back start dates for new hires.2. In a study done by the National Association of Colleges and Employers last fall, companies surveyed planned to hire 25% more college grads this year. In an updated study this spring, those same companies reduced projections to 18%, still a significant increase.3. A4. 5% unemployment rate is still very good news for upcoming college graduates. College students are younger and cheaper, and companies love that kind of thing. So the lay-offs may not necessarily affect your job prospects if you are an upcoming college graduate.4.Depending on your major. Liberal arts grads including and psychology majors once snapped up by marketing firms and dot coms will now likely have a tougher time finding work. But majors like computer science, nursing, accounting and finance are still hot, and salaries for those jobs are on the rise.B.T apescript:M -- Michael Hallkas K -- Keren AloyaC--- Chris Peterson B -- Bill ColemanM: I remember people graduating last year and they were already getting jobs coming at them like six, seven different positions at once and now it's like people are scrounging for what they can get.K: My brother got out of college just a few years ago, and that's when the boom was still going and he, he did pretty well. I just kind of imagined it escalating and getting easier, and easier and easier. But no such luck.C: Sociology major Keren Aloya graduates from Rutgers this year with a four-year degree and no job, an unwelcome and growing trend among her classmates nationwide, some of whom are even having their job offers rescinded.B: This year is a little bit different for college grads because the economy has changed and it's changed dramatically during the course of the recruiting season,C: Companies in the battered tech sector like Cisco., Intel, and Dell has slowed college recruiting. They have also reneged on job offers made to college grads, offering the suddenly un-hired apology bonuses instead.Part II University lifeA. University life (I)T apescript:Today I'd like to give you some idea about how life at an American university or college might be different from the way it is in your country. To be sure, the student body on a U. S. campus is a pretty diverse group of people. First of all, you will find students of all ages. Although most students start college at around the age of 18, you will see students in their 30s and 40s and even occasionally in their 60s and 70s. Students on a U. S. campus come from a wide variety of socioeconomic backgrounds. Many students work at least part-time, and some of them work full-time. Some of the students live in dormitories on campus, some have their own apartments usually with other students, and others live at home. Some colleges and universities have a very diverse student population with many racial and ethnic minorities. Some schools have a fairly large foreign student population. So you can see that one meets all kinds of people on a U.S. college or university campus. Now that you have some general idea of differences in the student body population, I'd like to talk a few minutes about what I think an average student is and then discuss with you what a typical class might be like.Let's begin my talking about an average student entering his or her freshman year. Of course, such a person never really exists, but still it's convenient to talk about an "average" student for our purposes. Foreign students are often surprised at how poorly prepared American students are when they enter a university. Actually, at very select schools the students are usually very well prepared, but at less selective schools, they may not be as well prepared as students in your country are. Schools in the States simply admit a lot more students than is usual in most other countries. Also, most young American university students have not traveled in other countries and are not very well-versed in international matters and do not know a lot about people from other countries. Foreign students usually find them friendly but not very well-informed about .their countries or cultures.What kind of academic experiences will this so-called "average" student have? The average undergraduate student takes five classes a semester and is in class about 15 hours a week. If he or she takes a class that has a laboratory, this will require two or three more hours. Many introductory undergraduate classes are given in large lectures of 100 or more students. However, many of these classes will have small discussion groups of 15 to 20 students that meet once a week. In these smaller groups, a teaching assistant will lead a discussion to help clarify points in the lectures. Other kinds of classes -for example, language classes -- will be much smaller so that students can practice language. In general, American professors are informal and friendly with their students, and, as much as possible, they expect and invite participation in the form of discussion. A large amount of reading and other work is often assigned to be done outside class,and students are expected to take full responsibility for completing these assignments and asking questions in class about those areas they don't understand. As a rule of thumb, students spend two to three hours preparing for each hour they spend in class. American professors often encourage their students to visit them during office hours, especially if the students are having problems in the class.B. University Life (II)T apescript:Let's move on now to discuss student obligations in a typical American class. These obligations are usually set down in the course syllabus. A syllabus is generally handed out to students on the first or second class meeting. A good syllabus will give the students a course outline that mentions all the topics to be covered in class. It will also contain all the assignments and the dates they should be completed by. An average university course of one semester might have three examinations or two examinations and a paper. The dates of the examinations and what the examinations will cover should be on the syllabus. If a paper is required, the date it is due should also be on the syllabus. The professor may also decide that he or she will be giving quizzes during the semester, either announced or unannounced. For students coming from a system where there is one examination in each subject at the end of the year, all this testing can be a little surprising at first. Oh, by the way, maybe this would be a good place for me to mention the issue of attendance. Another real difference in our system is our attendance policies. Perhaps you come from a system where attendance is optional. Generally speaking, American professors expect regular attendance and may even grade you down if you are absent a lot. All this information should be on your syllabus, along with the professor's office number and office hours.I have only a couple of minutes left, and I'd like to use them to talk about how graduate school is somewhat different from undergraduate school. Of course, it's much more difficult to enter graduate school, and most students are highly qualified and highly motivated. Students in graduate school are expected to do much more independent work than those in undergraduate school, with regularly scheduled exams, etc., some classes will be conducted as seminars. In a seminar class, there may be no exams, but students are expected to read rather widely on topics and be prepared for thorough discussion of them in class. Another possibility in graduate classes is that in addition to readings done by all students, each student may also be expected to work independently in some area of interest and later make a presentation that summarizes what he or she has learned. Usually each student then goes on to write a paper on what he or she has researched to turn in to the professor for a grade.I hope that today's lecture has given you some idea about student life on an American campus and that you have noticed some differences between our system and yours.Unit 6 Matching Dreams with Education (II)Part I Warming upA.T apescript:There is a great demand for graduates with high-tech degrees, but fewer students were going for them. A new study by 'the American Electronics Association found that high-tech degrees declined by 5 percent between 1990 and 1996.Preliminary findings from 1997 and 1998 indicate the trend is continuing. The Association blames the education system, saying that elementary and secondary schools must do more to get students ready to tackle high-tech education. Among the states, California Colleges awarded the most high-tech degrees. It also had one of the greatest declines, awarding 1,600 fewer degrees in 1996 than in 1990. Nationwide unemployment rate for high-tech careers is extremely low.B.T apescript:A decade long study has found that students in smaller classes do better than students in bigger classes. The study says that students in classes of 13 to 17 pupils have higher grades, better graduation rates, and they are more likely to attend college. also says that minority and poor students were helped even more. The study involves Tennessee public school students' who are randomly placed in three class-sized groups. The regular size is about 25 students. The Clinton administration and Senate democrats are citing the study in their call for nearly one and a half billion dollars more for their plans to reduce class size nationwide.Part II Home schoolingT apescript:A--Announcer R--Reporter J--Jean P-- PatriciaA: One of the fastest growing trends in American education is called home schooling. It means that one or both parents teach their children at home instead of sending them off to school.R: About twenty years ago, most Americans wouldn't have considered it an option. People who tried it were few and far between, basically some fundamentalist Christians and former hippies who, for different reasons, rejected formal education. Today it is legal in every state. The number of home schooling students is estimated at 1.5 million, up from 300,000 a decade ago, and many are from mainstream America.Jean Forbes, of Alexandria, V irginia, a former actress and mother of two boys, is one of the new generation of home schoolers.J: I did not know anything about home schooling and I was a little leery. I thought it was a bunch of kooks out there. Y ou know, some underground movement that was a little scary. And I waswrong. I also found out that there are probably almost as many reasons for home schooling as there are home schoolers. People who have ... gifted children who are learning disabled, for instance. It's a huge growing sector of the home-school community.R: Six years ago Jean and her husband, Jan, pulled their boy, Aaron, out of a public school. The boy has dyslexia, a reading disability. Jean Forbes says the school wasn't handling it well at all.J:We decided we maybe could do a better job. We also couldn't afford private schools. So we didn't feel we had a whole lot of options. The only thing left was home schooling.R: And how does he feel about that?J: He absolutely loves the idea. He was very excited and every time ... he's now a freshman in high school ... we're still home-schooling him as well as his younger brother and he's never ever wanted to go back. Every time I've said, "Hey, is this you, you want to go back to school? .... What, are you kidding?" That's the normal response I get.R: Tell me about the day, how it starts. Is it like a regular classroom schedule? Do you start 9 o'clock math, 10 o'clock ... you know...?J: No, we don't. There are home schoolers I know that do that, because that's what's comfortable for them. We don't do that. We have a much more relaxed schedule. We all tend to be night owls around here, so we're more of a night family. So the kids don't get up out of bed even that early. It's almost 10 o'clock now. They probably won't get out of bed for another half hour or so.R: And then what happens?J: And then we decide are we doing chores first this morning, and then school, or the other way around. So, I try to keep a little more relaxed. I don't use a grading system. If you know this material, we go on. If you don't know it, we try to find a different way of approaching it so that you do learn it.R: Any tests?J: Occasionally, but not very often.R:Jean Forbes has a relaxed approach. In fact, one of the major arguments against home schooling is that standards set by state laws are too relaxed. Not one state requires parents to have a teacher's certificate or an undergraduate degree. Only 26 states require students take an annual standardized test.Another criticism of home schooling is the apparent lack of socialization. Critics say the children don't meet enough people outside the families. Home-school advocates say they have cooperatives where a lot of students gather for sports and other activities. Jean Forbes, for instance, has 40 students in her drama class. And in some states the children even have access to publicStep By Step英语听力入门2000（4）期末考试复习听力材料(附MP3剪辑版听力音频)schools. They can use computer rooms, try out for the football team, even sign up for an advanced science course, like biology or chemistry. Patricia Lines, a senior research analyst at the U. S. Department of Education, says that in her view, home schoolers are slowly gaining broad acceptance.P: Most Americans ... if you look at the Gallup poll on it, : most Americans still do not really approve of home schooling as an educational method, but they do support peoples' right to try it and their ratings are going up gradually. The second thing is that of course you can document that the media stories have become more favorable.R: Still, a relatively small percentage of the nation's children are home-schooled, only about 1.5 percent of the elementary and secondary school population, according to researchers. The fact is, most American parents, men and women, work outside the home, which obviously precludes their involvement in home schooling. And most Americans apparently remain satisfied with their schools in spite of a mixed academic record and the occasional reports of violence.In my next report, I'll look at the downside to home schooling.。

英语听力I 教学大纲一、课程名称：英语听力（1）二、学时：36三、周课时：3四、教学周：12五、考核方式：考试。

采取平时30%，期末70%的比例平时成绩以小测验，课上完成练习情况和出勤成绩为参考。

六、适用学科专业：商务英语专业大一（1）七、教学目的1.提高学生的初级听力水平，使学生能够听懂篇幅较长、语速较慢的英语电台广播。

2.提高学生的基本听力技巧，培养其良好的听力习惯，逐步改进其听力策略。

帮助学生进行专门的听力技能训练，有计划地提高学生的听力理解水平，并力求促进学生智能的发展，通过较系统、较全面、大强度、高难度地听力训练，提高学生听懂英语对话、短篇讲话、甚至较长讲话的能力。

同时还培养学生以下几个方面的能力：1、学习者的学习策略能力；2、语言尝试能力；3、语言思维能力；4、语言教师的职业能力。

此外，还兼顾文化知识的学习。

最终达到发展学生的独立判断和组织能力的要求。

八、教学形式与要求课程的教学方法直接关系到学生各方面能力的培养与提高。

课堂教学应以学生为主体、教师为主导，改变过去以教师为中心的教学模式，注重培养学生的学习能力和研究能力。

在教学中要多开展以任务为中心的、形式多样的教学活动。

在加强基础训练的同时，采用启发式、讨论式、发现式和研究式的教学方法，充分调动学生学习的积极性，激发学生的学习动机，最大限度地让学生参与学习的全过程。

引导学生主动积极地利用现有图书资料和网上信息，获取知识，并使学生在运用知识的过程中培养各种能力。

同时，要注意教学方法的多样性，要根据不同的教学对象、教学内容、教学目的和要求，选择相应的教学方法，并鼓励教师积极探索新的教学方法。

课堂教学要与学生的课外学习和实践活动相结合。

在提高学生听力水平的过程中，课外学习和实践是课堂教学的延伸与扩展，是培养和发展学生能力的重要途径，应在教师的指导下有目的、有计划、有组织地进行。

课外泛听应以课堂精听教学的内容为基础，激发学生的学习兴趣，以及培养学生的学习能力、语言综合运用能力、组织能力、交际能力、思维能力和创新能力。

《英语听力》课程教学大纲一、课程说明：英语听力课是英语专业技能训练课程之一，属于英语技能的单项训练课程。

英语听力技能的训练不仅有助于其它单项技能的训练，扩大学生英语专业和相关专业知识面，同时也是学生学习英语国家文化知识的窗口。

英语听力课是一门培养英语交际能力、全面提高学生英语水平的重要基础课程。

二、教学目的及要求：本课程通过多种形式的听力训练，帮助学生初步克服听力障碍，听懂英语国家人士在一般社交场合的交谈和相当于中等难度的听力材料，理解大意、抓住主要论点或情节，能根据所听材料进行推理和分析、领会说话人的态度、感情和真实意图，并用英语简要地做笔记。

在基础阶段结束时，学生应能听懂“美国之音”（正常速度）和“英国广播公司”国际新闻的主要内容。

英语听力教学的目的和要求按级划分，每学期为一级。

入学要求：听懂教师的课堂用语以及对课文内容所作的解释；听懂他人以较慢的语速谈论日常生活；听懂基本没有生词、题材熟悉、难度略低于高三所学课文的语段，理解正确率达到70%。

二级要求：听懂英语国家人士所作的难度不超过所学语言知识的讲座，掌握中心大意，理解主要内容，并能辨别说话人的态度和语气。

听懂VOA慢速新闻广播和文化节目，抓住主要内容。

能在15分钟内听写根据已学知识编写而成或选用的录音材料（词数150个左右，念四遍，语速为每分钟100个单词），错误率不超过10%。

四级要求：听懂英语国家人士关于日常生活和社会生活的谈话；听懂中等难度（如TOEFL中的短文）的听力材料，理解大意，领会说话人的态度、感情和真实意图。

听懂VOA 正常速度和BBC新闻节目的主要内容。

能大体辨别各种英语变体（如美国英语、英国英语、澳大利亚英语）；能在15分钟内听写根据已学知识编写或选用的词数为200个左右、语速为每分钟120个单词的录音材料，错误率不超过8%。

三、教学重点及难点：教学重点：1）容易混淆的音素、单词、单句；2）归纳中心大意、理解主要内容、把握关键细节等综合理解和判断能力；3）英语新闻广播和文化节目；4）培养文化敏感性。