研究生英语综合教程(下)单词表

by 笑傲人生第一单元Unabomber 源于“University and Aviation Bomber”，因其针对的主要目标为大学和航班而得名cooking tips 烹饪技巧screed n． lengthy writing 冗长的文章get （sth．or sb．） wrong misunderstand 误解gratuitous free 免费的obnoxious a． extremely unpleasant 可憎的take one摧s own life kill oneself； commit suicidewere left to wonder 一直迷惑不解most wanted terrorist 被通缉的恐怖分子mindless crusade against progress fight against 不顾一切地反对commemorate v． in memory of； in honor of； to remember； to markhave no knowledge of have no idea ofproclaim v． declare； announce 宣布scavenge v．在废弃物中寻觅a prank gone wrong hoax 恶作剧出了轨pay back 报复wild goose chase chase the wild goose futile chase 徒劳的追求，无益的举动en route to on the way torigged to function fixed， to serve as 装配ignite v． detonated； set offwith a newfound vengeance ／with a vengeancewith great violence or force； to an extreme degree猛烈的；极度地meticulously adv． extremely careful and preciseall but severed nearly severed； nearly cut off6 ■研究生英语核心教材———综合教程（下）lacerate and pierce v． cut and penetratedistorted a． misshaped； deformed； disfiguredmanifesto n． declarration 宣言Attorney General （美国）司法部长FBI Chief 联邦调查局局长rambling and repetitive rant 不着边际的激昂的演说deranged a． insanereap v． obtaindevastated a． feel very shocked and upset 震惊心烦意乱（精神或感情上）most telling a．明显的imperative n． an obligation； a duty 责任；义务enlist v． to persuade sb to help youramshackle cabin shaky 摇摇欲坠的小屋plead guilty 认罪discrediting 败坏⋯⋯的名声；怀疑fade into oblivion forgotten； sink into obscurity， to pass out of sight or existence 渐为（世人）忘却fade v．逐渐淡出，逐渐消失； disappear graduallyvanish v．尤指迅速地消失；突然不见， disappear quickly第二单元miniature adj． being on a very small scale 小型的，微小的whir v．作呼呼响defy v． challenge 公然反抗，蔑视allure n． the power to entice or attract 诱惑力，魅力shatter v． to break into pieces； smash or burst 砸碎，粉碎fissure n． a long narrow opening 裂缝或裂隙solidity n．固体性surreal adj． having an oddly dreamlike quality 超现实的blur n． hazy 模糊discerning adj． keen insight 有见识的conviction n．坚定的信仰（主张），深信，坚信deconstructed adj． broken down into components； dismantled 解构的brushstroke n．一笔，一画，笔法pretend adj． informal imitation； make-believe 模仿的，仿制的mediator n． a go-between 调停者linear adj． of， relating to， or resembling a line 直线的，线性的ascent n． a movement upward 上升trajectory n．轨迹，轨道neural adj． of or relating to the nervous system 神经的palpable adj． easily perceived； obvious 明显的，明白的lepidopterist n．鳞翅类学者naivete n． innocence 天真，质朴revelation n． an enlightening or astonishing disclosure 发现，揭露exquisite adj． acutely perceptive or discriminating 敏感的，细致的36 ■研究生英语核心教材———综合教程（下）masterful adj． revealing supreme mastery or skill 大师的perpetrate v． commit 犯（罪），作（恶）stunningly adv． in a spectacular manner 惊人地，令人目瞪口呆地arcane adj． secret or mysterious 神秘的，秘密的debris n． ruins 碎片，残骸supercollider n． a high-energy particle accelerator 超级对撞机constituent n． component； element 成分，构成部分physiologist n． a biologist specializing in physiology 生理学家physiological adj．生理学的building block 基本成分grudgingly adv． in an unwilling manner 吝啬地orthogonal adj． relating to or composed of right angles 直角的，直交的inflate v． fill with gas or air 使充气（于轮胎、气球等）whirlpool n． a magnetic， impelling force into which one may be pulled 漩涡vortex n．漩涡（pl畅vortices）purgatory n． orment or suffering 炼狱quaint adj． queer； odd； eccentric 少见的，古怪的pedagogical adj． of or relating to pedagogy 教学法的pendulum n．钟摆thrust n． drive 驱动力tightrope n．钢丝retina n．视网膜stereopsis n．立体观测，立体影像cue n． evidence that helps to solve a problem； clue 线索compression n．压缩visceral adj．直觉的jar v． to shake or shiver from impact 使震动tangible adj． possible to understand or realize 明白的；有形的，可触摸的metaphysical adj． highly abstract and overly theoretical 形而上学的labyrinth n． maze 迷宫avant-garde adj． radically new or original 先锋派non-euclidean adj．非欧几里得的zeitgeist n．时代精神，时代思潮lifes n．活体模型，写真potent adj． having great influence； powerful 强有力的disorienting adj．使⋯⋯迷惑的evocation n． imaginative re-creation 再现，通过记忆和想象的力量再第三单元commemoration n． to keep in memory by ceremony 纪念、纪念会majestic adj． imposing 雄伟的、庄严的、崇高的windswept adj． exposed to high winds 当风的、被强风吹光的reclaim v． seek return of （one摧property）收复、回收、开垦liberty n． freedom from captivity 自由、自由权enslave v． make （person） a slave 奴役、使作奴隶tyranny n． government of a cruel ruler 暴政、苛政、专制undertaking n． work 事业、任务unparalleled a． having no parallel or equal 无比的、无双的、空前未有的daring a． bold； courageous 大胆的、勇敢的sheer a． steep 陡峭的、垂直的desolate a． deserted， uninhabited， barren 荒芜的、荒凉的、孤寂的mighty a． powerful， massive 强大的、强有力的、巨大的machine gun 机（关）枪grenade n． small bomb thrown by hand 手榴弹rope ladder 绳梯grab v． seize suddenly 抓取、强夺hold one摧s footing to stand firmly 站稳脚跟bear arms to carry weapons 手持武器memorial n．a．纪念物、纪念碑、纪念的dagger n． short pointed stabbing weapon 匕首、短剑pin down restrict actions of 阻止、约束、压住bagpipe n．（苏格兰人用的）风笛reinforcement n．增援、援军smack n． sharp slap or blow， sharp sound 拍击声、噼啪作响valor n． courage esp．in battle 勇猛、英勇take hold become established 站稳unsurpassed a． not exceeded by 未被超越的、卓绝的deter v． prevent （from） through fear 威慑、吓住roll call calling of a list of names 点名impel v． drive， urge， propel 激励、驱使、迫使instinct n． innate propensity 本能、直觉self-preservation 自我保护beachhead n．滩头堡、登陆场profound a． far-reaching 意义深远的、深刻的rock-hard a． as hard as rock 坚硬的Providence n． God 天公、上帝have a hand in intervene， interfere， get involved in 插手、介入unfold v． spread out， reveal 展开、打开、呈现parachute troops 伞兵部队cot n． small light bed 帆布床、吊床forsake v． give up， renounce 抛弃、遗弃daunt v． discourage， intimidate 威吓、使胆怯、使气馁summon v． call in 召集、鼓起（勇气等）reconciliation n．和解、（重新）和好alliance n． union or agreement to co-operate 联盟、同盟、联合echo v． reflection of sound-waves 回声、重复、共鸣unyielding a． firm 不屈的isolationism n．孤立主义intent n． intention， purpose 意图、目的、意义in the spirit of 本着⋯⋯的精神fitting a． proper 合适的、恰当的perish v． be destroyed， suffer death or ruin 灭亡、消灭、枯萎testify v． bear witness， give evidence 证实、作证commitment n．承担义务、许诺、约定destiny n． fate 命运make a vow to to swear 向⋯⋯发誓hearten v． cheer 振作、鼓励、激励Pointe du Hoc 奥克角海滩Star of David （犹太教）大卫王之星Poles 波兰人The Royal Winnipeg Rifles 皇家温尼伯来复枪团Poland摧s ２４th Lancers 波兰的第２４重装枪骑兵团The Royal Scots摧Fusiliers 皇家苏格兰燧发枪手团The Screaming Eagles 第１０１空击师“尖叫鹰”The Yeomen of England摧s Armored Divi sio ns 英格兰装甲师的义勇骑兵队The Forces of Free France 自由法国军队Coast Guard摧s Matchbox Fleet 海岸警卫队的“火柴盒”舰队The Liberty Bell 独立钟（１７７６年７月４日鸣此钟宣布美国独立）Colonel Wolverton 沃尔夫顿中校Joshua 约书亚（基督教枟圣经枠中的人物）Warsaw （波兰首都）华沙Prague （捷克首都）布拉格East Berlin 东柏林第四单元figure out come to understand sb ／sth by thinking 弄明白faculty n．全体教员senior n． an older person 年长者inclination n． a liking or preference 爱好，癖好given prep． taking something into account 考虑到drawback n． disadvantage 缺点bottom line n． essential point， crucial factor 决定性因素drive n． an inner urge or desire 冲动，动力subconscious n．潜意识心理活动conscious n．意识reinforcement n． the act of strengthening 加强Unit 4 Caught Between Places ■95out of the blue unexpected 突然的，意外的nowhere n． an unknown and remote place 不知名的地方，一片荒芜的地区shearing n． removing by cutting off or clipping 剪毛，修剪，剪切stack v． to pile， arrange or place in a stack 把⋯⋯叠成堆⋯⋯pore over 专心阅读end up 最后，最终，结果grueling adj． exhausting， very tiring 累垮人的bureaucratic adj． arbitrary or routine 机械刻板的aborigine n． native 土著居民；（常做Aborigines）澳大利亚土著居民revelation n．被揭示的真相appreciate v． be fully conscious of， be aware of 领会displace v． compel a person to leave home， country etc．迫使某人离开家或者祖国displaced people n．失去家园者reconcile v． bring into agreement or harmony 调和，使一致make a difference： have an effect on sb ／sth 对⋯⋯有作用，有影响idealist n．理想主义者incremental adj． increasing gradually 递增的barrage n． an overwhelming quantity or explosion 大量numb v．使麻木不仁，使失去知觉motivate v． stimulate the interest of 激起⋯⋯的兴趣heart n． core， the vital or essential part 中心，要点collateral adj． additional， accompanying 伴随的on the run fleeing from pursuit or capture 逃跑context n． the circumstances in which an event occurs 背景sensation n．知觉；轰动grapple v． work hard to overcome （a difficulty）努力解决，对付squander v． use sth wastefully 挥霍（时间、金钱等）第五单元unique adj． unparalleled 独特的，罕见的perspective n． the state of one摧s ideas 观点、看法bizarre adj． unusual 稀奇古怪，异乎寻常terrain n． a tract of land 地形、地带anthropology n．人类学ethnocentric n．种族中心主义，种族优越感staunchly adv． firmly and steadfastly 坚定地，忠诚地denote v． indicate 指示，表示，意味着recant vt． to withdraw or disavow，放弃（信仰、主张），撤回声明crusade n．讨伐，宗教战争corroborate v．证实momentum n． impetus 势头，力量languish vi． to become weaker 变得衰落，失去活力bustling adj． thriving or energetic 忙忙碌碌的，活跃的entail v．牵涉，使必要cartography n．制图学，制图法shamanism n． the animistic religion of northern Asia 萨满教exalt vt．使提升breeding n． good manners 教养filial adj．子女的，后代的piety n． dutiful respect for parents 孝顺，孝敬ordain vt． to enact by law， to order or command 制定，规定，命令gullible adj． easily deceived or cheated 易上当的，轻信的。

Unit 1Task1Task21. The __tranquil（安宁的）_ atmosphere of the inn allows guests to feel totally at home.2. Technological advances might _ultimately（最终）_ lead to even more job losses.3. In the __aftermath（余波）__ of the shootings, there were calls for tighter controls on gun ownership.4. Her kindness and generosity __cancel out（抵消）__ her occasional flashes of temper.5. He was beginning to wonder if he would survive the _ordeal（折磨）__.6. Foreign food aid has led to a __drastic（猛烈的）_ reduction in the numbers of people dying of starvation.7. Perhaps her most important __legacy（遗产）__ was her program of educational reform.8. There were food shortages and other __deprivations（匮乏）_ during the Civil War.9. The new economic policies could prove ___suicidal（自我毁灭）__ for the party.10. The building will be completed around six months earlier than ____anticipated（预料的）__.11. The experience was enough to keep him ____preoccupied_（心事重重）__ for some time.12. The road to happiness is paved with __adversities（逆境）__.13. She __aspires（渴望）____ to nothing no less than the chairmanship of the company.14. He might be influenced by ___nostalgia（思乡情）__ for the surroundings of his happy youth.15. In ___retrospect（回顾）_, I wish that I had thought about alternative courses of action.Task31. Watching your baby being born is __a mind-blowing experience___ (极其令人兴奋的经历).2. There is _built-in storage space__ (内置储藏空间) in all bedrooms.3. This handout focuses on ___self-protection measures__ (自我保护措施) under difficult climatic conditions.4. I’m sure we could offer you some ___short-term employment__ (短期的工作).5. So, how is it that we all, or at least many of us, have such a ___distorted and negative self-perception__ (歪曲的、否定的自我观念)?6. Helen Hunt stars as a character undergoing _life-changing events_ (改变了生活的事件) in Then She Found Me.7. She has written a book that is beautiful because of the honesty and the raw emotion that is portrayed in __all-encompassing details__ (无所不包的细节).8. Having a decent job contributes to ___a good self-image__ (一个好的自我形象).Unit 6Task11. Slavery was abolished（废除）in the United States in the 19th century. (Ended)2. I’ll never be unfaithful again. I give you my solemn（严肃的）word. (Serious)3. Do they observe Christmas Day in that country? (Celebrate)4. Nothing will stop them in their quest for truth. (Search)5. Management has given a pledge（保证）that there will be no job losses this year. (Promise)6. These monuments are a vital part of the culture heritage（继承）of South America. (Inheritance)7. Signing this form commits you to buying the goods. (Obligates)（使。

研究生英语综合教程下册1-5课文及翻译Unit 1 The Hidden Side of Happiness3 This and other promising findings about the life-changing effects of crises are the province of the new science of post-traumatic growth. This fledgling field has already proved the truth of what once passed as bromide: What doesn't kill you can actually make you stronger. Post-traumatic stress is far from the only possible outcome. In the wake of even the most terrifying experiences, only a small proportion of adults become chronically troubled. More commonly, people rebound-or even eventually thrive.诸如此类有关危机改变一生的发现有着可观的研究前景，这正是创伤后成长这一新学科的研究领域。

这一新兴领域已经证实了曾经被视为陈词滥调的一个真理:大难不死，意志弥坚。

创伤后压力绝不是唯一可能的结果。

在遭遇了即使最可怕的经历之后，也只有一小部分成年人会受到长期的心理折磨。

更常见的情况是，人们会恢复过来—甚至最终会成功发达。

Unit2 Commercialization and Changes in Sportsmercialization has not had a dramatic effect on the format and goals of most sports. In spite of the influence of spectators, what has occurred historically is that sports have maintained their basic format. Innovations have been made within this framework, rather than completely dismantling the design of a game. For example, the commercialization of the Olympic Games has led to minor rule changes in certain events, but the basic structure of each Olympic sport has remained much the same as it was before the days of corporate endorsements and the sale of television rights. 商业化对于大多数体育运动的结构和目标没有太大的影响。

Unit One ◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆mustache 胡子giggle 咯咯地笑boulevard 林荫大道blurt 突然说出、脱口而出paradox悖论inarticulate 口齿不清、不善言辞kneecap膝盖骨bestow 授予blink 眨眼、闪烁furrowed 有沟痕的quip 妙语、俏皮话ethereal 轻飘的、优雅的、精美的comeback 恢复、复原sonnet 十四行诗Jim-dandy =excellent cadence 节奏、韵律、抑扬顿挫sestet 六重唱曲execrabl e 恶劣的、讨厌的petticoat 衬裙、裙子adroit 敏捷的、灵巧的、熟练的poise 自信、平衡、镇静etiquette 礼节、礼仪、规矩comport 行为、举动bestow sth. upon (on) sb. 送礼、戴高帽子carry sb. away 使某人失控stitch sth. up 缝起来（诬陷、陷害）well of 幸好（经济）get possession of 占有put one’s mind to do sth. 集中精力come up with 找到方法、答案brush sth. off 忽视、无视on the right track 正确的思考be inept at doing sth. =unskillfull doing sth. fall flat 达不到预期的效果fall apart 破裂work like a dog =work very hard the chances are (that) =it is likely that可能Unit Five ◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆Scepticism 怀疑论、怀疑主义fallacy 谬论、谬误hitherto 迄今、至今totter 蹒跚、踉跄arduous 努力的、费力的、艰苦的toil 辛苦、苦工、艰难坑长的工作indubitable 不容置疑的、明确的folly 愚蠢、荒唐事exterminate 消灭、根除、屠杀sober 冷静的、清醒的fatalistically 宿命论ascertain 确定、查明、探知pestilence 瘟疫creed 信条、教义discord 不和、不调和、分歧epoch 新纪元、新时代tyranny 暴政、专横、严酷interlude 插曲、穿插potent 有效的、强有力的gospel 真理、信条wholeheartedness 全神贯注、全心全意metaphor 隐喻preclude 阻止、阻碍synthesis 综合、合成、综合体elude 逃避、躲避grimly 可怕的、冷酷的、严格的garb 服装、装束、打扮treachery 背叛、欺骗perpetual 永久的、不断的allegiance 效忠、忠诚、忠贞mundane =ordinary 世俗的、平凡的pass for 被某人接受sit down to sth. 着手做某事make calls upon sth. 对...提出要求of little account/moment 不那么重要as against 与...相比with a view to doing sth. 目的是for all =despite 尽管march 进军、行进wander 漫步、徘徊、闲荡stalk 大踏步走carefree 无忧无虑的precise=exact 精确的dissolute 放荡的、风流的highlight 强调、突出forgo =give up 放弃、停止foster 培养、养育haunt 常出没于...经常去... morbid 病态的religious 宗教的、虔诚的steep 陡峭的fond 喜欢的、温柔的greasy 油腻的、谄媚的submissive 顺从的、服从的perilous =dangerous 危险的rigid 僵硬的、僵直的futile 无用的、无效的glittering 闪闪发光的concentrated 集中的、全神贯注的frantic 狂乱的、疯狂的dogmatic 教条、武断的affectionate 深情的、充满深情的definitive 决定性的、最后的、限定的Unit Six◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆matriculation 入学考试languish 憔悴、凋零、失去活力garner 获得、储存（谷仓）tier 层、排、行、列、使层叠echelon 梯形、阶层、形成梯队rue 后悔、悲伤、芸香spawn 卵、产卵、大量生产chum 室友、密友、结为密友niche 壁龛、合适的职业credentials =certificate 证书、文凭feign 假装、装作、捏造curriculum vitae 简历gabby 饶舌的、多嘴的whereof 关于什么的、关于那事unalloyed 纯粹的、非合金的banal 陈腐的、平庸的。

adversity n逆境、不幸、厄运aftermath n后果、余波alleyway n 小巷、胡同altruism n 利他主义、无私anodyne adj 不冒犯他人的、四平八稳的aspire v 最求、渴望、有志于bliss n 极乐，无上幸福bona fide a dj 真正的、真实的bromide n 意在使人消气却没有效果的话dazed adj 茫然的、迷乱的、恍惚的encompass v覆盖、围住excruciating adj 剧烈疼痛的gratifying adj 令人高兴的、使人满足的harrowing a dj 折磨人的、可怕的、令人痛苦的ineffable a dj 难以名状的、不可言喻legacy n 遗留下来的状况mind-blowing adj 令人极度的、非常奇怪的neurological n 神经的nostalgia n对往昔事物的留恋、怀旧情绪ordeal n 可怕的经历、痛苦的折磨paramount a dj 至高无上的、最重要的province n 范围、领域、职责范围preoccupied adj 全神贯注的、入神的refrain n 一再重复的话rheumatoid arthritis n 类风湿性关节炎shrivel v 皱缩、干枯、干瘪steroid n 类固醇tranquil adj 平静的、宁静的、安谧的traumatic a dj 痛苦难忘的、造成精神创伤的tribulation n 苦难ultramarathoner n 超级马拉松vomit v 呕吐、呕出、吐出wimp n 懦弱无用的人anecdote n 趣闻、轶事auditory adj 听觉的boon n 恩物、有用之物circuitry n电路系统conduit n 渠道、通道consortium n 财团、联合企业curtail v 缩减、消减decoder n 解码器disengaged adj 自由的、未约束的duly adv 适当的、恰当的etch v 蚀刻、fidgety adj 烦躁的、坐立不安的footnote n 脚注forage v 四处搜寻godsend v 及时雨hyperlink n超文本链接ideogram n 表意文字longish adj 略长的、相当长的neural adj 神经的、神经系统的pithy adj 精辟的remap v 重新绘制staccato adj 断音的、断奏的telltale adj 暴露真相terse adj 简短的thicket n 灌木丛、小树丛voracious a dj 贪吃的wayward adj 倔强的adversary n对手almighty god n 全能的上帝anew adv 重新beachhead n滩头堡belabor v 强调embattled a dj 问题缠身engulf v 严重影响foe n 敌人forebear n 祖先、祖宗heed v 听从invective n咒骂invoke v 唤起outpace v 超过、胜过reverend adj 值得尊敬的subversion n 颠覆symbolize v象征tribulation n 苦难twilight n 曙光暮色tyranny n 暴政unleash v 释放出、发泄writ n 书面命令anemic adj 没有活力的awash adj 被水或其他液体浸过的bawl v 叫嚷、大喊bawl n 叫嚷、大喊bleach v 使变淡、变白coyote n 丛林狼decipher v 辨认、解释defiant adj 违抗的、挑衅的defoliate v使….落叶dictum n 断言、意见、宣言doe n 雌兔、雌鹿dust bowl n干旱尘暴区extirpate v消灭、根除fang n 尖牙ford v 涉水而过gleanings n费力搜索到的零星信息juniper n 刺柏、maul v 撕…的皮肉、抓裂maze n 迷宫似得的街道/小路melee n 混乱局面molder v 腐烂、腐朽rattle n 格格声requisite n必需品sage n 鼠尾草scuffle n 扭打seedling n 种苗、幼苗shears n 大剪刀spruce v 显得更加整齐干净supple adj 灵活的tingle v 感到刺痛torrent n 湍流、急流tyro n 新手、生手wag v 狗摇尾巴whinny n\v （马）撕叫willow n 柳树writhe v 剧烈地扭动身体affective a dj 感情anecdotal a dj 轶事的、趣闻的arousal n 唤起beset v 困扰、使苦恼disinterest n 缺乏兴趣fester v 恶化irritant n 烦躁的事物mentality n心态obituary n 讣告outpouring n 强烈感情的不断流露peripheral adj 次要的、非主要的populist adj 声称代表人民的、平明主义的sermon n 布道、讲道syndicate v通过报业联合会安排出售给多家报刊发表audible adj 声音听得见auspicious adj 吉利的、吉祥的bulky adj 庞大的、宽大的circumscribe v 约束、限制comport v 行动、表现comportment n 举止、行为cosmopolitan adj 见识广的、兼容并包的delineate v描绘、描写demographics n 人口统计数据detergent n洗涤剂、洗衣粉distaste n 不喜欢franchise n特许经营权garish adj 过于艳丽的generality n 普遍性、共同性ingrained a dj 根深蒂固的、难以改变的jolly adj 欢乐的、愉快的miniscule（minuscule）adj 很小nuance n 细微差别pretest n 预先测试self-effacing adj 避免引人注目的subtlety n 微妙的思想supplant v 取代、代替tadpole n 蝌蚪unpalatable adj 难吃的。