《大学英语三》作业I.交际与对话1. a. My son has been admitted by Harvard University.b. Congratulations! Your son is really smart!a. D .A. No, no, he is nothing.B. No, he is only sometimes smart.C. But he is not as smart as your son.D. Oh, thank you.2. a. What do you think of the speech given by Professor Smith?b. B . But I’m not particularly interested in the topic.A. Let me think about it.B. Not bad.C. I don’t like it.D. I don’t know.3. a. Thank you so much for the wonderful dinner. My wife and I had such a good time.b. C .A. Are you sure? I think it’s not so good.B. Yes, we spent a lot of time and money preparing it.C. It’s not worth mentioning.D. Thank you for coming.4. a. Do you mind if I smoke here? .b. C .A. Well, I’d rather you didn’t.B. Yes, please do it.C. Of course, you ca n’tD. No, I don’t smoke.5. a. May I borrow your car for this weekend?b. B .A. Yes, it’s my pleasure too.B. Sorry, but I’m going to need it myself.C. OK. I’m sure you’ll like it.D. No, you can’t drive it.6. a. I like your new hat very much!b. B .A. Really? I can give it to you as a gift.B. Actually I don’t think it fits me well.C. Yes, I know you will like it.D. Oh, thank you. Actually, I got it in a bargain.7. a. A .b. Well, if it were not for the rain, I’d enjoy it very much.A. I hope you are enjoying your stay here.B. Wha t’s the weather like today?C. Are you feeling well now?D. Do you like Xi’an?8. a. How do you like my new hairstyle, dear?b. A .You’ve never been so beautiful!A. It looks terrific on you.B. How much did you spend?C. It doesn’t fit you at all.D. Do you like it yourself?9. a. I’m sorry that I spilt some coffee on your carpet.b. D .A. You should have been more careful.B. Why did you do that?C. Oh, I don’t care.D. Oh, d on’t worry about it.10. a. If you need any help, please don’t hesitate to ask me.b. A .A. Thank you, I will.B. Oh, I won’t do that.C. I don’t think I will need any help.D. It’s none of your business.11. a. D .b. Yes, can you tell me where I can find women’s shoes?A. Do you want to buy something?B. Excuse me, what are you doing?C. Are you just looking around?D. Is there anything I can do for you?12. a. Who’s speaking, please?b. D .A. Who are you?B. I’m Parker.C. Don’t you know me?D. This is Parker.13. a. Do you mind if I open the window? It’s too hot!b. A .A. Oh, not at all. Go ahead.B. Yes, I think it’s too hot too.C. Of course don’t. I feel a bit cold.D. Why not?14. a. It’s a wonderful party. Thank you for inviting me.b. A .A. I’m glad you enjoyed it.B. It’s OK.C. Yes, it’s wonderful.D. See you next time.15. a. I want to buy a present for my mother and I need your advice.b. D .A. No, you don’t.B. Oh, it’s not necessary.C. What can I do for you?D. Really, you need me?16. a. Mr. Baker is out now. May I take a message for him?b. B .A. What’s your name?B. Thank you, I’ll call him later.C. No, you can’t.D. Yes, I think you can.17. a. Thank you for giving me a ride home last night.b. D .A. Oh, it’s a small thing.B. Well, you are too polite.C. Oh, no. It’s what I should do.D. Oh, it’s my pleasure.18. a. Hello, may I speak to Mr. Li?b. D .A. No, you can’t.B. Yes, please.C. Who are you?D. Sorry, he’s in a meeting right now.19. a. Why did you go to the travel agency yesterday?b. C .A. At 8 o’clock.B. I drove there myself.C. For some information.D. In the East street.20. a. May I speak to Mr. Wang?b. Yes, C .A. Wang is speaking.B. what do you want to say?C. please.D. I’m Wang.II.阅读理解Passage 1Acting is such an over-crowded profession that the only advice that should be given to a young person thinking of going on the stage is “Don’t!” But it is useless to discourage someone who feels that he must act, although the chances of his becoming famous are slim. The normal way to begin is to go to a drama school. Usually only students who show promise and talent are accepted, and the course lasts two years. Then the young actor or actress takes up work with a theatrical company, usually as assistant stage manager. This means doing everything that there is to do in the theatre and occasionally acting in very small parts. It is very hard work indeed, the hours are long and the salary is tiny.Of course, some people have remarkable chances which lead to fame and success without this long and hard training. Connie Pratt, for example, was just an ordinary girl working in a bicycle factory. A film producer happened to catch sight of her one morning waiting at a bus stop, as he drove past in his car. He stopped and got out to speak to the girl. He asked if she would like to go to the film studio to do a test, and she thought he was joking. Then she got angry and said she would call the police. It took the producer twenty minutes to convince Connie that he was serious. The test was successful. And within a few weeks she was playing the leading part opposite one of the most famous actors of the day. But chances like this happen once in a blue moon!1. From the very beginning, the author puts it clearly that acting is a profession B .A. sought after by too manyB. too difficult for young peopleC. for slim people onlyD. one can go into without special training2. For someone who feels he must act, it is very likely that B .A. he will become a film star at long lastB. he will become a stage managerC. he will be well paidD. he will end up without any success3. The film producer found Connie when she was D .A. at work in a bicycle factoryB. driving past him in her carC. going to a film studioD. waiting for a bus4. A few weeks after the test, Connie Pratt found herself B .A. the most famous actress of the worldB. playing the leading female role in a playC. as famous as the greatest actor of the worldD. no less famous than the leading actor of the day5. The concluding sentence “chances like this happen once in a blue moon” means D _.A. this is something which happens once in a whileB. this is a highly profitable chanceC. this is something highly possibleD. this is a very rare chancePassage 2Almost every family buys as least one copy of a newspaper every day. Some people subscribe to as many as two or three different newspapers. But why do people read newspapers?Five hundred years ago, news of important happenings —battles lost and won, kings or rulers overthrown or killed — took months and even years to travel from one country to another. The newspassed by word of mouth and was never accurate. Today we can read in our newspapers of important events that occur in far away countries on the same day they happen.Apart from supplying news from all over the world, newspapers give us a lot of other useful information. There are weather reports, radio, television and film guides, book reviews, stories, and of course, advertisements. The bigger ones are put in by large companies to bring attention to their products. They pay the newspapers thousands of dollars for the advertising space, but it is worth the money for news of their products goes into almost every home in the country. For those who produce newspapers, advertisements are also very important. Money earned from advertisements makes it possible for them to sell their newspapers at a low price and still make a profit.6. The phrase “subscribe to” in the first paragraph means D .A. go to the newspaper stand and buyB. send their own news stories toC. agree to buy for a specific period of timeD. become faithful readers of7. The habit of reading newspapers is A .A. widespreadB. found among a few familiesC. not popularD. uncommon8. Before the time of the newspaper, D .A. bad news traveled quickly and good news slowlyB. few people cared about events that took place in far away countriesC. kings and rulers were often overthrown or killedD. news was passed from one person to another9. The author seems to agree that money spent on advertisements is C .A. wastedB. not muchC. well spentD. of no use to anyone10. Which of the following statements is true? DA. Five hundred years ago it took a long time for news to reach other countries.B. Newspaper advertisements turn people’s attention away from their products.C. The news that we read in newspapers is mainly about new products.D. When newspapers are sold at a low price, the newspaper producers will lose money.Passage 3Some of the notebooks George Washington kept as a young man are still in existence. They show that he was learning Latin, was very interested in the basics of good behavior in society, and was reading English literature.At school he seems only to have been interested in mathematics. In fact, his formal education was surprisingly brief for a gentleman, and incomplete. For unlike other young Virginian of that day, he did not go to the College of William and Mary in the Virginian capital of Williamsburg. In terms of formal training then, Washington contrasts sharply with some other early American Presidents such as John Adams, Thomas Jefferson and James Madison. In later years, Washington probably regretted his lack of intellectual training. He never felt comfortable in a debate in Congress, or on any subject that had not to do with everyday, practical matters. And because he never learned French and could not speak directly to the French leaders, he did not visit the country he admired so much. Thus, unlike Jefferson andAdams, he never reached Europe.11. Why didn’t Washington go to college? BA. His family could not afford it.B. A college education was rather uncommon in his timeC. He didn’t like the young Virginian gentlemen.D. The author doesn’t give any reason.12. Washington felt uncomfortable in Congress debates because he D .A. lacked practice in public speakingB. felt his education was not good enoughC. didn’t l ike arguing and debating with peopleD. felt that debating was like intellectual training13. The reason why Washington didn’t visit France was probably that he C .A. didn’t really care about goingB. didn’t know French leadersC. couldn’t communica te directly with the French leadersD. was too busy to travel14. According to the author, D .A. Washington’s lack of formal education placed him at a disadvantage in later lifeB. Washington should have gone to France even though he could not speak FrenchC. Washington was not as good a president as Adams, Jefferson or MadisonD. Washington was a model for all Virginian gentlemen15. The main idea of the passage is that Washington’s education D .A. was of great variety, covering many subjectsB. was probably equal to those of most young gentlemen of his timeC. may seem poor by modern standards, but was good enough for his timeD. was rather limited for a presidentPassage 4During the meal, you’d better be careful not to leave a spoon in a soup bowl or coffee cup or any other dish. The coffee spoon ought to be on the saucer, the soup spoon ought to be on the plate under the bowl. When you are having soup, make the least noises and use the side of your spoon inside out this way, not the tip. And you mustn’t pick up your soup bowls so as to drink away the last drops of your soup from the bottom of the bowl.Very often there is only one main course and salad, followed by your sweet. If you find the meal not enough, say “Oh, it’s delicious!” and ask for some more of the chicken or steak or whatever you have just had. The hostess will be very glad that you appreciate her cooking and will give you an extra portion. But if you observe the Chinese way of being polite and say “No, thank you” when the hostess offers you more, you will most probably starve later, because Americans will never press food on you. Yet it is not polite to keep silent and not to talk with the person next to you. It would be considered good manners if you handle your silverware with care so that they don’t make any noise. When coffee comes, drink it from your cup. The coffee spoon should rest on the saucer while you are drinking. And smoking, of course, is rarely seen at a dinner table. Well, when the meal is finished, the guests put their napkins on the table and stand up, the men again helping the ladies with their chairs.After the dinner, the guests usually stay for an hour or two, then they would say, “well, I’m afraid I must be going now.” The host and hostess would of course urge everyone to stay longer. “What, already? Won’t you have another coffee?” The guests, for instance, would say, “I love to, but I have to be up early tomorrow. Thank you for a most enjoyable evening. Good-night.”And if you stay overnight or over the weekend, it will be courteous to send a thank-you note to the host or hostess the following day, very often with a small gift such as a box of chocolate or some flowers as a token(象征) of appreciation of their hospitality (好客).16. Which of the following would be the best title of the passage? CA. How to Prepare for a MealB. Never Press Food on Your GuestC. Table Manners in the U. S.A.D. How to Enjoy a Dinner17. The passage suggests that DA. to make the hostess happy you should ask for more food even if you are full.B. you should keep silent at a dinner table in order to be polite.C. if you want to be friendly with the person next to you, you should press food on him.D. talking is necessary at a dinner table.18. At a dinner table, you do all of the following except BA. making the least noise possible.B. picking up your soup bowl to drink away the last drop.C. handling your silverware with care.D. drinking the coffee from your cup.19. What does “courteous” mean in the last paragraph? CA. Friendly.B. Generous.C. Polite.D. Noble.20. The passage implies that AA. different nations have different customs.B. Chinese customs are quite similar to American ones.C. both Chinese and Americans have soup before the main course.D. if you are polite, the hostess will press more food on you.Passage 5The University of Salford was granted its Royal Charter in 1967. However its origins go back to 1896, when the Royal Technical Institute was founded on the site of the present University. The Institute and its successors, the Royal Technical College and the Royal College of Advanced Technology, gained a reputation for their practical and challenging teaching methods and their involvement with both the local community and industry and commerce.The University today continues to build on this reputation. It has strong links with industry, commerce and the public sector and a significant percentage of its research work is funded from these sources. In August of 1996, Salford merged with University College Salford. The new institution offers students at both institutions greatly increased benefits including a wider range of Student Union activities and access to extensive study resources.The University’s attractive Peel Park campus is located one mile to the west of Manchester’s city centre. Its location, close to an extensive network of roads and railways is ideal for travel to all parts of the country.The University is fortunate in having the facilities of two cities so close at hand. Salford providesfor the day-to-day needs of most students and Manchester. England’s third largest city, provides excellent cultural, leisure, shopping and sporting facilities. Some of the most beautiful countryside in Britain is within easy reach of Salford. The Peak District, the Dales, the Lake District and the sandy beaches and mountains of North Wales are all less than two hours away by road.The main University campus is arranged around Peel Park on the banks of the River Irwell. The splendid red brick Peel Building, the original home of the Institute, is still in use, having been modernized in recent years. Most of the other buildings are less than twenty years old.The campus has an excellent range of facilities including snack bars, restaurants, bars, a leisure centre, a bank, a bookshop, a general store and a travel bureau. The University can provide places for a high percentage of its students in University — owned or controlled Halls of Residence, flats or student houses and most of the accommodation is within walking distance of the campus.21. What can you say about the University of Salford?A. It aims at theoretical research in basic sciences.B. It aims at teaching practical skills and knowledge.C. It aims at the international community.D. It aims at building up its reputation.22. What has happened to the University of Salford since 1996?A. It has had a significant percentage of research work.B. It has provided teaching for two universities.C. It has expanded by combining with another local college.D. It has established a new institution nearby.23. How do you describe the location of the University of Salford?A. Extensive.B. Convenient.C. Attractive.D. Close.24. Where can you go for a full variety of facilities if you study in the University of Salford?A. Salford.B. The Peak District.C. The Dales.D. Manchester.25. Which of the following statements is NOT true of the University of Salford?A. Every student is guaranteed accommodation.B. The oldest building is still in use.C. There is a bookshop on campus.D. Many buildings on campus are new.Passage 6Community service is an important component of education here at our university. We encourage all students to volunteer for at least one community activity before they graduate. A new community program called “One On One” helps elementary students who’ve fallen behind. Your education majors might be especially interested in it because it offers the opportunity to do some teaching, that is, tutoring in math and English.You’d have to volunteer two hours a week for one semester. You can choose to help a child with math, English, or both. Half-hour lessons are fine, so you could do a half hour of each subject two days a week.Professor Dodge will act as a mentor to the tutors —he’ll be available to help you with lesson plansor to offer suggestions for activities. He has office hours every Tuesday and Thursday afternoon. You can sign up for the program with him and begin the tutoring next week.I’m sure you’ll e njoy this community service and you’ll gain valuable experience at the same time. It looks good on your resume, too, showing that you’ve had experience with children and that you care about your community. If you’d like to sign up, or if you have any questions, stop by Professor Dodge’s office this week.26. What is the purpose of the talk?A. To explain a new requirement for graduation.B. To interest students in a new community program.C. To discuss the problems of elementary school students.D. To recruit elementary school teachers for a special program.27. What is the purpose of the program described by the speaker?A. To find jobs for graduating students.B. To help education majors prepare for final exams.C. To offer tutorials to elementary school students.D. To provide funding for a community service project.28. What does Professor Dodge do?A. He advises students to participate in the special program.B. He teaches part-time in an elementary school.C. He observes elementary school students in the classroom.D. He helps students prepare their resumes.29. What should students interested in the tutorials do?A. Contact the elementary school.B. Sign up for a special class.C. Submit a resume to the dean.D. Talk to Professor Dodge.30. Whom do you think the speaker addresses?A. Teachers.B. Students.C. Freshman.D. Graduating students of the university.Passage 7When John and Victoria Falls arrived in New York City for one-year stay, they did not bring very many things with them. They had planned either to live in a furnished apartment or to buy used furniture. But they soon learned about a new system that more and more people are using. The renting of home furn ishings (bed, tables, dishes, and so on) has become one of America’s fastest growing businesses.What kinds of people rent their home furnishings instead of buying them? People who are international business or government officials, foreign students, airline workers, young married couples — people whose job or business may force them to move frequently from one city to another. They save a lot of trouble and the cost of moving their furniture each time. They simply rent new furniture when they reach their new homes. Young people with little money do not want to buy cheap furniture that they may soon dislike. They prefer to wait until they have enough money to buy furniture they really like. Meanwhile, they find they can rent better quality furniture than they could afford to buy.One family, who now have a large, beautiful home of their own, liked their rented furniture somuch that they decided to keep renting it instead of buying new things. But usually people don’t like to tell others about it. The idea of renting home furnishings is still quite new, and they are not sure what their neighbors might think.31. Which of the following has become one of America’s fastest growing businesses?A. Selling home furnishings.B. Renting furnished apartments.C. Selling used furniture.D. Renting home furnishings.32. Why do some people prefer to rent furniture?A. Because the furniture they get in this way is new.B. Because it saves them a lot of money.C. Because it saves them much trouble and money.D. Because they can always get better quality furniture in this way.33. What can you infer from the passage?A. The idea of renting furniture is not acceptable.B. Renting furniture is not popular with the majority of Americans.C. Only those who don’t have enough money rent furniture.D. People usually grow to like the furniture they have rented.34. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?A. Rent or Buy?B. A New Way of Getting Home Furnishings.C. Furnished Apartments.D. A New Idea.35. Young people like renting home furniture in that_________A. They have less money.B. They don’t want to buy old furniture.C. The new furniture is of good quality.D. They don’t have much money and don’t want to buy the cheap furniture.Passage 8Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are excessively concerned with their own appearance and actions. Worrisome thoughts are constantly occurring in their minds: what kind of impression am I making? Do they like me? Do I sound stupid? Am I wearing unattractive clothes?It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must negatively affect people. A person’s conception of himself or herself is reflected in the way he or she behaves, and the way a person behaves affects other people’s reactions. In general, the way people think about themselves has a profound effect on all areas of their lives.Shy people, having low self-esteem, are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others. They need reassurance that they are doing “the right thing.” Shy people are very sensitive to criticism; they feel it confirms their feelings of inferiority. They also find it difficult to be pleased by compliment with a statement like this one, “You’re just saying that to make me feel good. I know it’s not true.” It is clear that while self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful.Can shyness be completely eliminated, or at least reduced? Fortunately, people can overcome shyness with determined and patient efforts in building self-confidence. Since shyness goes hand in handwith a lack of self-esteem, it is important for people to accept their weaknesses as well as their strengths.Each one of us is a unique, worthwhile individual, interested in our own personal ways. The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our full potential. Let’s not allow shyness to block our chances for a rich and fulfilling life.36. What does the author try to prove by citing “what kind of impression am I making?” (Para. 1)A. Shy people benefit from their caring about their appearance.B. People’s shyness made them care too much about their appearan ce and actions.C. It’s natural that shy people don’t believe other’s compliments.D. Shy people think they are different from others.37. According to the writer, self-awareness is_________.A. a good qualityB. the cause of unhappinessC. harmful to peopleD. a weak point of shy people38. That shy people react to a compliment in such a way is _________.A. goodB. unrealC. very reasonableD. harmful39. Which of the following statements is true, according to the passage?A. Shyness helps us to develop our potentialB. Shyness enables us to understand ourselves betterC. Shyness can block our chances for a rich lifeD. Shyness has nothing to do with lack of self-esteem40. It can be inferred from the passage that shy people_________.A. should find more of their weaknessB. should understand themselves in the right wayC. had better ignore their weaknessD. can get rid of their shyness while maintaining low self-esteemPassage 9As supplier of most of the food we eat and of raw material for many industrial processes, agriculture is clearly an important area of the economy. But the industrial performance of agriculture is even more important than this. For in nations where the productivity of farmers is low, most of the working population is needed to raise food and few people are available for production of investment goods or for other activities required for economic growth. Indeed, one of the factors related most closely to the per capita income (人均收入) of a nation is the percentage of its population engaged in farming. In the poorest nations of the world, more than half of the population lives on farms. This compares sharply with less than 10% in western Europe and less than 4% in the United States.In short, the course of economic development in general depends in a fundamental way on the performance of farmers. This performance, in turn, depends on how agriculture is organized and on the economic environment, or market structure, within which it functions. In the following pages the performance of American agriculture is examined. It is appropriate to begin with a consideration of its market structure.41. This passage is most probably ________.A. a news itemB. part of an introduction of a bookC. part of a lectureD. an advertisement42. From the passage, we can infer that ________ is most important to agriculture.A. the amount of food it producesB. the per capita income of farmersC. the industrial performanceD. the production of investment goods43. The word “this” in Line 3 refers to ________.A. the provision of food and raw materialsB. the productivity of farmersC. the production of investment goodsD. the economy as a whole44. The performance of farmers essentially determines ________.A. the size of the working populationB. the organization of agricultureC. the market structureD. the general development of economy45. This passage will most probably be followed by a discussion of ________.A. the structure of American farming populationB. the market structure of American agricultureC. the various functions of American agricultureD. the organization of American agriculturePassage 10The advantages and disadvantages of large population have long been a subject of discussion among economists. It has been argued that the supply of good land is limited. To feed a large population, inferior land must be cultivated and the good land worked intensively. Thus, each person produces less and this means a lower average income than could be obtained with a smaller population. Other economists have argued that a large population gives more scope for specialization and the development of facilities such as ports, roads and railways, which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand to justify them.One of the difficulties in carrying out a world-wide birth control program lies in the fact that official attitudes to population growth vary from country to country depending on the level of industrial development and the availability（获得的可能性）of food and raw materials. In the developing countries where a vastly expanded population is pressing hard upon the limits of food, space and natural resources, it will be the first concern of government to place a limit on the birthrate, whatever the consequences may be. In a highly industrialized society the problem may be more complex. A decreasing birthrate may lead to unemployment because it results in a declining market for manufactured goods. When the pressure of population on housing declines, prices also decline and the building industry is weakened. Faced with considerations such as these, the government of a developed country may well prefer to see a slowly increasing population, rather than one which is stable or in decline.46. According to the passage, slowly rising birthrate perhaps is good for ___________.A. a developed nationB. a developing nationC. every nation with a small populationD. every nation with a big population47. A small population may mean ______________.A. higher productivity and a higher average income.B. lower productivity and a lower average incomeC. higher productivity, but a lower average incomeD. lower productivity, but a higher average income48. In a developed country, people will perhaps go out of work if the birthrate ___________.A. is out of controlB. goes downC. goes upD. remains stable49. It is no easy job to carry out a general plan for birth control throughout the world because ___。
