国际商务英语口语(第二版)unit 9

Unit 9 ShoppingConsumer Behavior of the YouthDavid London and Albert D. Bitta[1] Marketers are interested in understanding what products will sell well in the youth market. It is also important to appreciate the influence that young people have on the purchases of others, such as parents. In fact, sometimes marketers are more interested in young people's influence on other buyers than in their role as the main purchasers of certain items.[2] How do youths spend their incomes? Both female and male teenagers spend most of their money on clothes, CDs, stereo equipment, entertainment, and travel. Young women spend most on cosmetics, followed by clothes and jewelry. Young men spend the most on sporting goods, cameras, CDs, stereo equipment, bicycles, shoes, jeans, musical instruments, and electronic games.[3] As a member of a highly consumption-oriented society, teenagers have become increasingly aware of new products and brands. They are natural “triers” and spend hours shopping for themselves.[4] In addition to their direct impact on the marketplace, youths have a secondary influence on many of the products and brands their parents choose. For example, research reveals that three out of four teens influence their parents' purchasing decisions. For major purchases, teens' highest influence occurs in the first stage of the decision-making process and is strongest for aesthetic considerations such as style, color, and make of the product but weakest for decisions such as where and when to purchase and how much money to spend.[5] Apple computer's research showed that teens are influencing family decisions about buying computers. As a result, one of its recent model introductions used contemporary hit radio and computer magazines popular with young people to encourage teens to convince their parents to buy the new product.[6] With the large growth in the number of families of two working parents, youths are doing more of the food shopping and other shopping for parents. For example, one study found that 80 percen t of teenagers were “heavily involved” in family food shopping.[7] Kraft recognized the importance of teenage grocery shopping and is advertising on MTV, in network agencies, in teen magazines, and on contemporary hit radio, emphasizing recipes containing Kraft products. Along with the ad campaign , Kraft also produced an educational kit on “Food Buymanship ” which is given to home-economics teachers to distribute to teenagers in school.[8] Thus, it is clear that this market also occupies an important position in terms of its secondary influence on parents' buying decisions.[9] Another factor emphasizing the market importance of the youth is that this is the time when brand loyalties may be formed that could last well into adulthood. For example, a brand-loyalty study done by Seventeen magazine found that at least 30 percent of adult women were using the same brands they first chose as teenagers. Translated into total market figures, the findings would mean, for instance, that 6,760,000 women still are using the same brand of cosmetics and 8,900,000 still are eating the same kind of packaged cheese that they first bought.[10] During the process of making their buying decision, to what extent are teens influenced by parents, friends, sales clerks, media, or other sources? For many product decisions, friends are the most significant influence. Nevertheless, parents are still an important factor affecting many buying decisions. The important point is that although peer pressure is quite strong, family influences are also significant. Thus, the marketer should know which group, parents or peers, has the most influence at any given time so they can plan their marketing strategies properly.[11] Teenagers often spend hours shopping, especially on weekends. The fact that they are doing more shopping may result in their spending more money in stores they go to. In addition, youths often have a great deal of authority in store-selection decisions, which means that stores must attract them with an effective appeal. Although the popular belief is that young people buy products impulsively and are less rational than the market as a whole, surveys indicate that most respondents aged 14 to 25 compare prices and brands before buying. Research on adolescent shopping behavior has produced the following tentative conclusions:[12] Adolescents tend to rely more on personal sources for information on sophisticated [N] products such as computers, and most on media for information on more ordinary products such as clothing or cosmetics.[13] At the product-evaluation stage of the decision process, price and brand name are perceived as the most important criteria, with a relatively low influence coming from parents and peers.[14] As teenagers mature, they use more sources of consumer information prior to decision making, rely more on friends and less on parents for information and advice in buying, and prefer to purchase products without parental supervision.青年人的消费行为1 研究市场营销的人很想了解什么样的产品在年轻人市场上会好销。

Beyond Bretton Woods 2后布雷顿森林体系2.0版WHEN the leaders of the Group of Twenty (G20) countries meet in Seoul on November 11th and 12th, there will be plenty of backstage finger-pointing about the world’s currency tensions. American officials blame China’s refusal to allow the yuan to rise faster. The Chinese retort that the biggest source of distortion in the global economy is America’s ultra-loose monetary policy—reinforced by the Federal Reserve’s decision on November 3rd to restart “quantitative easing”, or printing money to buy government bonds (see article). Other emerging economies cry that they are innocent victims, as their currencies are forced up by foreign capital flooding into their markets and away from low yields elsewhere.当二十国集团领导人于11月11日至12日齐聚首尔，私下里纷纷指责世界货币大战。

美政府官员指责中国拒绝人民币升值过快。

中国人反驳称全球经济扭曲究其根源是美国的过度宽松的货币政策---美联储决定于11月3日重启量化宽松政策，或印刷纸钞购买政府债券（见报道）的举措使扭曲加剧。

Unit 9:On terms of payment 1在⽀付条款Having settled the price of transaction. Mr Fracer is having a talk about payment terms with Mr Li from our trading corporation. F:Of talking over the price,at all is on the high sides as compared with those of arrival goods,the quality of your products,I suppose,will probably make up for it.Now,let's come to the terms of payment.L:Ok.That's what I am going to say.As usual,our terms of payment are by confirmed,irrevocable at sight draft against presentation of shipping documents.F:But other suppliers can give us more favorable terms.You see,the world market has been rather down recently,besides,our exchange quota is rather limited. So,we'd like to use DA to this transaction.L:I am afraid we cannot accept the DA,as you know,devaluation of the dollar and its consequent repercursions are major currencies.Having given rise to grave and certain days in the international monatery market.Therefore,we find necessary to handle our business on LC basis,at least for the time being.F:Payment by LC involves additional expense for us.This leaves no margin and profits at the terms of payment.L:Mr Fracer,you know quite well that chinese goods enjoy an excellent reputation in foreign markets.Moreover,there is at present a volk for chinese goods.The article you are interested in is greatly in demand and it sells especially well.The quick turnover will of course will not only offset your LC expenses ,but give your factory a satisfactory profits.F:As far as I know,you sometimes grand your clients such terms as DA and DP,don't you?L:Yes,occasionally we do.But it is only at the very special circumstances that we agree to other payment terms.F:Ours is not an normal case,is it?It is indignitial of sample order.It doesn't pay to adopt LC terms for order as small as ours.The limited profits if any it is even enough to balance additional balances.L:Um,well,in order to finalize the business,we agree to DP sight as the best we can do.F:Thanks for your consideration,still is not good enough.As you know,I am a middle man,I need sometime to find the reliable clients,after I receive your bill.It would help me a lot if DP after sight is accepted,even 60 days will do.L:I am afraid no further concession can be made.It is just facility you are doing business that we make that concession.We cannot be better place elsewhere,can you?F:It seems I have to take a thing as they are.Let's put it into contract.L:Mr Fracer,I should mention we accepted such terms only once.Once goods were dispatched,we will show you a signed draft against you,which would be sent together with the shipping documents through our remitting bank to the collecting bank at your end.It is still understood that you are to honor it on presentation.F:You may rest assure that this documentary jag will be duely honored on presentation.I did some business with San corportions on collection basis.They can proof to you my credit.L:We trust you and hope you will leave us your credit.F:Surely I will.Well,as a selling season is approaching,I'd like you to make a prompt shipment.L:We will try our best.Dialogue 1:This will a few minutes before we visit the factory.May I ask you a question?Go ahead please?Could you agree the payment by DA?This is a sample order.Occasionally we do.But yours is normal case,isn't it?As you know,it doesn't pay to open an LC with bank for such a small amount.We will consider that when we make you the firm offer.For regular orders,couldn't you agree to payment by LC at 60 days at sight?I am afraid not.Our usual practice is LC at sight.I see.Here are cars comes for picking us up.Let's go.Please.Dialogue 2:S:Mr Hong,do you accept DA?H:Well,we usually accept the payment by confirmed irrevocable credit at sight.S:It's safer for payment by LC for large orders.But our order is really small one,further more,we are old friends,this is not the first dealing between us anyway.Do you doubt our credit position?H:No,Mr Smith.Certainly,we have faith in you.But the international monternary market is changeable,nobody can stop a possible decline in prices,which will bring troubles to us.S:How about DP at sight down?H:We cannot accept other payment terms this trade except LC.We will consider DP terms at proper times in the future. S:Well,we cannot reach an agreement today,I am afraid.Shall we discuss it tomorrow,after I consulted with home offices. H:That's alright.。

国际商务英语unit 9 packing在国际商务中，包装是非常重要的环节，它不仅可以保护商品，还可以影响消费者的购买决策。

在Unit 9 packing中，我们可以学习到以下内容：- Letter 1：ready-made（现成的）、indemnification（赔偿）、seaworthy（适合海上运输的）、tacit（心照不宣的）、on account of（因为）、candid（直率的）。

- Letter 2：We are now writing to you in regard to the packing of these nails, which we feel necessary to clarify for our future dealings.（我们现在写信给你是关于这些钉子的包装问题，我们认为有必要澄清一下，以便我们以后的交易。

）- Letter 3：Accessories（附件）、packing list（装箱单）、Sulphuric Acid（硫酸）。

- Letter 4：Eliminate（排除，剔除）、Captioned（标题的）、The tea under the captioned contract should be packed in international standard tin boxes, 24 boxes to a pallet, 10 pallets in an FCL container.（标题项下的茶叶应该包装在国际标准锡盒中，每托盘24盒，10个托盘装一个整箱。

）- Letter 5： Fortnight（两周）、be liable for（对...负责）、The goods should be packed in sea-worthy cases suitable for a long voyage and well protected against dampness, shock, and rough handling.（货物应该包装在适合长途运输的、防潮、防震和耐粗放处理的海运箱中。

新视野商务英语视听说（第⼆版）上册第九单元听⼒原⽂Unit 92. Listening PracticeTask 2-2Waitress: Good afternoon, are you ready to order now?Ivan: Yes.W: Would you like a starter?Tina: I’d like prawn crackers, and you, Ivan?I: I want the soup, please.W: OK, prawn crackers and soup. And what would you like for the main course?I: What do you recommend?W: Today’s speciality is the chicken. It’s very good.I: Fine, I’ll have that, and you, Tina?T: The same for me, please.W: And would you like any desserts?I: Idon’t like dessert. Maybe an ice cream for you, Tina?I know it’s your favourite, isn’t it?T: Oh, no. It’s use to be my favourite, but now I’m on a diet. I’m trying not to eat too much fatty food, you know.W: OK, on desserts. What would you like to drink, then?T: A glass of red wine for me, please.I: I’d prefer beer.W: OK, would you like any soft drinks?T: What do you have?W: We have various canned and bottled drinks like coconut drink, Coca-cola, fresh juices such as orange juice, grape juice and tea and coffee.I: I’d like a cup of coffee, please, and you, Tina?T: Fresh grape juice, please.W: All right. Please wait for a few minutes. I’ll be back soon with your orders.T: Thank you.4. Video 1(W for Mr. White, H for Harry)H: Good morning, Mr. White. How is your room?W: Very comfortable and quiet. We’re all very happy with the facilities and services here.H: I’m glad to hear that. Now, I’m here just to tell you that we’ll be having a dinner party tomorrow evening. We’d like to invite you all to come.W: Oh, how nice of you! We’d be delighted to come.H: Here’s the invitation.W: Thank you.H: Then I’ll send somebody to pick you up from the hotel lobby at six tomorrow evening. Is that all right?W: Yes. That’s fine. Thank you.H: See you then.W: See you.H: Welcome, everybody! Mr. White, I’m glad you’ve come.W: It’s very kind of you to have invited us.H: Please sit down. I hope the food we’ve ordered will be to your liking.W: Thank you very much for such a splendid dinner.H: Please help yourself, everybody.W: Thank you. It certainly looks delicious.H: Mr. White, you’ll be leaving soon. Has your trip to this fair been fruitful?W: Yes, there’s a really wide range of goods on display and most prices are acceptable.H: Have you found anything that particularly interests you?W: Yes, we’re interested in your items A6D and A6F. The designs are original. I’m sure they’ll be quite popular with young customers in our country.H: Yes, you’re right. Items A6D and A6F are our latest designs. They’re also very popular with young consumers here. I’m sure they’ll sell well in your marker, too.W: We hope so!H: All right, gentlemen, may I propose a toast to our continued friendly co-operation?W: Icouldn’t agree more. Cheers!6. Video 2(W for Waitress; L for Lin Qiang; R for Mr. Rashid; H for Mr. Hart)W: Good evening, sirs. Welcome to our restaurant.L: Good evening.W: Do you have a reservation?L: Yes, the name is Lin Qiang.W: Let me see... Oh, yes, we’ve been expecting you, Mr. Lin. Please come this way.W: Is this table all right?L: Oh, terrific! It’s by the window, and quiet too. It’s exactly what I want because we’ve got a lot to discuss. Thank you, miss. W: Not at all. Please make yourselves comfortable. I’ll be back with the menus and the tea.L: Thanks.W: Please excuse me for a while. I’ll be right back to take your order.W: Are you ready to order now, sirs?R: Sorry, we’re still looking at the menu.L: Waitress, you see, my guest Mr. Rashid is a Muslim, so he doesn’t eat pork, and Mr. Hart is a vegetarian.Could you recommend something for us?W: Certainly. How about fish for Mr. Rashid? Our Sweet and Sour Fish is very popular with our customers. You can see it here on the menu.R: Er,… It looks good.W: It tastes good, too. Believe me!R: Fine, I’ll take it, then.W: OK, Sweet and Sour Fish. Anything else?R: Some vegetables please, but I’d like to leave the choice to the order two gentlemen.W: All right. Mr. Hart, do you care for bean curd?H: Oh, yes. It’s very nutritious.W: Yes, and it’s delicious, too. Bean Curd en Casserole is one of our specialties. Would you like to try it?H: Good.W: Bean Curd en Casserole. As for vegetables, we’ve got a choice of mushrooms, Chinesecabbage, chestnuts, bamboo shoots, carrots, potatoes…H: I’d like to have mushrooms and bamboo shoots, please. By the way, please don’t go easy on garlic.W: No problem. Mushrooms and bamboo shoots.And yourself, Mr. Lin?L: Sichuan Chicken Cube-lets, please.W: And what to follow?L: That’s it for now.W: OK. Would you like something to drink?L: Mr. Rashid, Mr. Hart, what would you like to drink?R: Orange juice please.H: The same here.L: OK, orange juice for three, please.W: Very well, sir. You’ve ordered one Sweet and Sour Fish, one Bean Curd en Casserole, one Mushroom, one Bamboo Shoots, one Sichuan Chicken Cube-lets and three orange juices. Please wait a moment. I’ll bring them straight away. L: Thanks.。

商务英语口语900句Unit 9：要求优惠Unit Nine 要求优惠Part One241.All your quotations are on FOB Vancouver basis may I ask if you allow any discount?242.Isn’t it possible to give us a little more discount?243.If you are prepare to give me some allowance I will consider placing a order for 10,000 dozens.244.Should you be prepare to reduce your price we might come to terms.245.If I show you a offer lower then yours ,would you be able to conclude transaction at that price ?246.If the order is a substantial one how much would you come down?247.May we suggest that you make some allowance on your quoted prices ?248.If we place a order for 2,000 dozen up can you giveus a special discount?249.If our order is more than 10,000 MT would you give us a additional 6% commission ?250.We hope you will allowance us some discount on our purchase of 6,000 dozens.251.We’ld like to ask for reduction in price because ofthe large size of our order.252.Since the present market is so weak, you have tolower your price if you want us to increase sales.253.We hope to get your best offer for bicycles.254.We invite quotation of the lowest price.255.May we suggest that you perhaps make some allowance on your quoted prices?Part Two256.If you reduce the price by 2% I think we can dotwenty metric tons.257.If possible we’d like to ask for reduction of5,000.50 Per MT.258.If you are will to give me a 5% reduction I willorder 5,000 dozens.259.The sugar of French-made has been sold at level98$ per long ton ,if you can reduce your limit by say 8% wemight come to terms.260.We would very much like to place further order withyou if you could bring down your price by 15% ,otherwise wecan only switch our requirement to other suppliers.261.No one can do business at such a unreasonably high prices, you have to cut them down by 10% I am afraid.262.We should book a trial order with you provided youwill give us 5% commission.263.Only by cutting the price by more than 10% can more customers be lured to buy your products.264.We would like to ask for 10% off your offer if ouroffer is more than 2,500 unit per season.265.We hope that you will give us a special discount of 2% if we order more than10,000 sets.266.Please make a discount of 5% off the prices in the catalog.267.We hope that you will make a at least 5% reduction on your quotation or business is not possible.268.We can accept the goods only at a reduction of 20% at the contract price.269.If you can lower your limit by 5% , business is hopeful.270.We will place our order with you if you can loweryour price to 1200 pounds per MT.。