杭州师范大学2015年《718综合英语》考研专业课真题试卷
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杭州师范大学外国语学院英语教学基础知识[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解专业课考试试题
![杭州师范大学外国语学院英语教学基础知识[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解专业课考试试题](https://img.taocdn.com/s1/m/a81062ae4a7302768f99398e.png)
10. For grammar teaching, grammar should be built on _____ relations between individual lexical items and their subcategories.
a. collocational b. denotative c. connotative d. deductive
2. The pseudo practice is beneficial only if the pre-service teachers take _____ seriously.
a. rehearsal b. reflection c. inquiry d. comparison 【答案】b 【解析】本题考查华莱士的“反思模型”。根据这一模型，教师在学
a. students play appropriate roles
b. students’ errors are treated properly c. students can ask questions for teacher’s help d. students can successfully finish task in group work 【答案】b 【解析】有效课堂管理需要6个条件：教师角色适当；教师给予学生 清晰的授课指导；有助于学生学习的小组活动；教师提问问题适当；课 堂有纪律，气氛和谐；学生的错误得到适当处理。
4. Children do not need to learn grammar rules when learning a foreign language.
【答案】F 【解析】在外语学习中，语法学习占据重要地位。语法学习可以提 高学习者语言的准确度，使其句法系统内化。因此该表述有误。
a. collocational b. denotative c. connotative d. deductive
2. The pseudo practice is beneficial only if the pre-service teachers take _____ seriously.
a. rehearsal b. reflection c. inquiry d. comparison 【答案】b 【解析】本题考查华莱士的“反思模型”。根据这一模型，教师在学
a. students play appropriate roles
b. students’ errors are treated properly c. students can ask questions for teacher’s help d. students can successfully finish task in group work 【答案】b 【解析】有效课堂管理需要6个条件：教师角色适当；教师给予学生 清晰的授课指导；有助于学生学习的小组活动；教师提问问题适当；课 堂有纪律，气氛和谐；学生的错误得到适当处理。
4. Children do not need to learn grammar rules when learning a foreign language.
【答案】F 【解析】在外语学习中，语法学习占据重要地位。语法学习可以提 高学习者语言的准确度，使其句法系统内化。因此该表述有误。
杭州师范大学招收攻读硕士研究生入学课程七一八试卷
杭州师范大学
招收攻读硕士研究生入学考试题
考试科目代码：
718
考试科目名称： 综合英语
说明：考生答题时一律写在答题纸上，否则漏批责任自负。
I. Cloze（每小题 1 分，共 30 分）
Directions: Fill in the blanks with proper words (the first letter is given).
Such a means of (23) c________ is a basic mechanism that animals, including human beings, (24) i________ acquire and display. Is the ability to speak just another sort of instinct? If so, how did human beings (25) a________ this amazing skill? Biologists can readily indicate that particular area of our (26) b________ where speech mechanisms (27) f________, but this doesn’t tell us how that (28) p________ of our bodies originated in our biological history. It is (29) t________ to think that for our human ancestors acquiring the power of speech was all a (30) m________ of competition.
招收攻读硕士研究生入学考试题
考试科目代码：
718
考试科目名称： 综合英语
说明：考生答题时一律写在答题纸上，否则漏批责任自负。
I. Cloze（每小题 1 分，共 30 分）
Directions: Fill in the blanks with proper words (the first letter is given).
Such a means of (23) c________ is a basic mechanism that animals, including human beings, (24) i________ acquire and display. Is the ability to speak just another sort of instinct? If so, how did human beings (25) a________ this amazing skill? Biologists can readily indicate that particular area of our (26) b________ where speech mechanisms (27) f________, but this doesn’t tell us how that (28) p________ of our bodies originated in our biological history. It is (29) t________ to think that for our human ancestors acquiring the power of speech was all a (30) m________ of competition.
杭州师范大学语言文学综合基础2007--2015年考研真题
年人来说，看着那一摞摞用过的台历，也许会有一种人生如梦的沧桑感。
于是想到了撕日历。
小的时候，我家总是挂着一个日历牌，我妈妈叫它“阳历牌”，我们称它“月份牌”。
那是个硬纸板裁成的长方形的彩牌，上面是嫦娥奔月的图画：深蓝的天空，一轮无与伦比的圆月，一些隐约的白云以及袅娜奔月的嫦娥飘飞的裙据。
下面是挂日历的地方，纸牌留着一双细眯的眼睛等着日历背后尖尖的铁片插进去，与它亲密的吻合。
那时候我每天最喜欢做的事情就是撕日历。
早晨一睁开眼，便听得见灶房的柴禾噼啪作响，有煮粥或贴玉米饼子的香味飘来。
这基本上是善于早起的父亲弄好了一家人的早饭。
我爬出被窝的第一件事不是穿衣服，而是赤脚踩着枕头去撕钉在炕头被架子一侧的月份牌，凡是黑体字的日子就随手丢在地上，因为这样的日子要去上学，而到了红色字体的日子基本上都是星期天，我便捏着它回到被窝，亲切地看着它，觉得上面的每一个字母都漂亮可爱，甚至觉得纸页泛出一股不同寻常的香气。
于是就可以赖着被窝不起来，反正上课的钟在这一天成了哑巴，可以无所顾忌地放纵自己。
有时候父亲就进来对炕上的人喊：“凉了凉了，起来了！”“凉了”不是指他，是指他做的饭。
反正灶坑里有火，凉了再热，于是仍然将头缩进被窝，那张星期日的日历也跟了进来。
父亲是狡猾的，他这时恶作剧般地把院子中的狗放进睡房，狗冲着我的被窝就摇头摆尾地扑来，两只前爪搭着炕沿，温情十足地呜呜叫着，你只好起来了。
有时候我起来后去撕日历，发现它已经被人先撕过了，于是就很生气，觉得这一天的日子都会没滋味，仿佛我不撕它就不能拥有它似的。
撕去的日子有风雨雷电，也有阳光雨露和频降的白雪。
撕去的日子有欢欣愉悦，也有争吵和悲伤。
虽然那是清贫的时光，但因为有一个团圆的家，它无时不散发出温馨气息。
被我撕掉的日子有时飘到窗外，随风飞舞，落到鸡舍的就被鸡一轰而啄破，落到猪圈的就被猪给拱到粪里也成为粪。
命运好的落在菜园里，被清新的空气滋润着，而最后也免不了被雨打湿，沤烂后成为泥土。
杭州师范大学2018年《723综合英语》考研专业课真题试卷
ellers are intimidated by them. They also have the disadvantage of being the most (18) e________ form of transport. But nothing can match them for (19) s________ and comfort. Travelling at a height of 30,000 feet, far above the clouds, and at over 500 miles an hour is an exhilarating experience. You do not have to devise ways of taking your mind (20) o________ the journey, for an aeroplane gets you (21) t________ your destination rapidly. For a few hours, you settle back in a deep armchair to enjoy the (22)f________. The real escapist can (23) w________ a film and sip champagne on some services. But even when such refinements are not (24) a________, there is plenty to keep you occupied. An aeroplane offers you an unusual and breathtaking view of the world. You soar effortlessly over high mountains and (25) d________ valleys. You really see the shape of the (26) l________. If the landscape is hidden from view, you can enjoy the extraordinary sight of unbroken cloud plains that stretch out for miles before you, while the sun shines brilliantly in a clear sky. The journey is so smooth that there is nothing to (27) p________ you from reading or sleeping. However you decide to spend your (28) t________, one thing is certain: you will arrive at your (29) d__________ fresh and uncrumpled. You will (30) n_________ have to spend the next few days recovering from a long and arduous journey. II. Reading Comprehension ( 2 60 ) Directions: There are 6 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. I am one of the many city people who are always saying that given the choice we would prefer to live in the country away from the dirt and noise of a large city. I have managed to convince myself that if it weren't for my job I would immediately head out for the open spaces and go back to nature in some sleepy village buried in the county. But how realistic is the dream? Cities can be frightening places. The majority of the population lives in massive tower blocks, noisy, dirty and impersonal. The sense of belonging to a community tends to disappear when you live fifteen floors up. All you can see from your window is sky, or other blocks of fiats. Children become aggressive and nervous-cooped up at home all
【杭州师范大学2012年考研专业课真题】综合英语(一)2012
【杭州师范大学2012年考研专业课真题】综合英语(一)2012 编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（【杭州师范大学2012年考研专业课真题】综合英语(一)2012）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
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说明：1、命题时请按有关说明填写清楚、完整；2、命题时试题不得超过周围边框；3、考生答题时一律写在答题纸上，否则漏批责任自负；I。
Cloze（每小题1分，共20分）Fill in the blanks with proper words （the first letter is given).Sigmund Freud was born in Moravia but moved to Vienna with his parents at the age of four。
He is known as the （1)i________ of psychoanalysis， a method of treating people with （2）m________ or physical illnesses. During （3）t________ the patient is made to examine what he can remember about his (4）p________ life which may have caused the illness. Freud’s theory was that these past （5)e________ have been repressed，or held back， in the unconscious mind。
杭州师范大学2020年《718综合英语》考研专业课真题试卷
Last summer I spent days in the garden watching thousands of ants crawling up theห้องสมุดไป่ตู้trunk of my prize peach tree. The tree has grown against a warm wall on a sheltered side of the house. I am especially proud (8) ______ it, not only because it has survived several severe winters, but because it occasionally produces luscious peaches. During the summer, I noticed that the leaves of the tree were beginning to wither. Clusters of tiny insects called aphides were to be found on the underside of the leaves. They were visited by a large colony of ants which obtained a sort of honey (9) ______ them. I immediately embarked on an experiment which,
We have been brought up to fear insects. We regard them as unnecessary creatures that do more harm than good. We continually wage war (1) ______ them, for they contaminate our food, carry diseases, or devour our crops. They sting or bite without provocation; they fly uninvited into our rooms on summer nights, or beat against our lighted windows. We live in dread not only of unpleasant insects like spiders or wasps, but of quite harmless ones like moths. Reading about them increases our understanding without dispelling our fears. Knowing that the industrious ant lives in a highly organized society does nothing to prevent us (2) ______ being filled with revulsion when we find hordes of them crawling over a carefully prepared picnic lunch. No matter how much we like honey, or how much we have read about the uncanny sense of direction which bees possess, we have a horror of being (3) s______. Most of our fears are unreasonable, but they are impossible to erase. At the same time, however, insects are strangely fascinating. We enjoy reading about them, especially when we find that, like the praying mantis, they lead perfectly horrible lives. We enjoy staring (4) ______ them, entranced as they go about their business, unaware (we hope) (5) ______ our presence. Who has not stood in awe (6) ______ the sight of a spider pouncing (7) ______ a fly, or a column of ants triumphantly bearing home an enormous dead beetle?
We have been brought up to fear insects. We regard them as unnecessary creatures that do more harm than good. We continually wage war (1) ______ them, for they contaminate our food, carry diseases, or devour our crops. They sting or bite without provocation; they fly uninvited into our rooms on summer nights, or beat against our lighted windows. We live in dread not only of unpleasant insects like spiders or wasps, but of quite harmless ones like moths. Reading about them increases our understanding without dispelling our fears. Knowing that the industrious ant lives in a highly organized society does nothing to prevent us (2) ______ being filled with revulsion when we find hordes of them crawling over a carefully prepared picnic lunch. No matter how much we like honey, or how much we have read about the uncanny sense of direction which bees possess, we have a horror of being (3) s______. Most of our fears are unreasonable, but they are impossible to erase. At the same time, however, insects are strangely fascinating. We enjoy reading about them, especially when we find that, like the praying mantis, they lead perfectly horrible lives. We enjoy staring (4) ______ them, entranced as they go about their business, unaware (we hope) (5) ______ our presence. Who has not stood in awe (6) ______ the sight of a spider pouncing (7) ______ a fly, or a column of ants triumphantly bearing home an enormous dead beetle?
杭州师范大学教育学院《715教育技术学专业基础》历年考研真题专业课考试试题
2 例举三种以上教育技术学中常用的研究方法，选择其中一种简述其 研究的基本流程。
3 什么是微课？例举三种或三种以上制作微课的方法。
二、论述题（共110分） 1 依据2014年国际教育信息化地平线报告，学习分析技术将成为对教 育产生影响的关键技术。你如何看待这个问题？你认为网络学习平台中 哪些数据的挖掘可以提供教师进行教学决策？（50分）
2 根据你对教育技术学当前研究热点的理解和自己的实际情况，为你 未来的研究生学习选择一个研究方向，并制定一个规划。（60分） 要求：
（1）结合教育技术学专业和自己的实际情况，对所制定的规划进行必要 的论证与说明； （2）字数要求在800以上； （3）思路清晰、语言流畅。
三、案例分析与综合应用题（共100分） 1 某学校为适应新时期数字化校园的需求，拟开设网络精品资源共享 课程、视频公开课程、微课等，以满足教学需求。目前学校申请对外 Web服务器的IP为61.153.34.8，域名为，试为各门课程 提供外部访问地址，并阐述访问地址架构方案。（50分）
2 学校需要在网络机房中支持广播教学、管理与监控等教学功能，并 具备机房系统的快速软件安装与恢复功能，试从软硬件选择与设置、系 统管理两个方面谈谈相应的实现方法。
2015年杭州师范大学教育学院714 教育技术学专业基础考研真题
一、简答题（每题30分，共90分） 1 简述未来五年内影响高等教育的六大信息技术。
2 针对病毒攻击、垃圾信息泛滥以及各种常见的网络故障问题，试问 应采取哪些措施来保证该校园网的正常运行及网络用户的安全。（50 分）
2016年杭州师范大学教育学院714 教育技术学专业基础考研真题
一、简答题（每题45分，共90分） 1 你如何理解当前热门的创客空间（课程）？信息技术如何与创客课 程关联？
3 什么是微课？例举三种或三种以上制作微课的方法。
二、论述题（共110分） 1 依据2014年国际教育信息化地平线报告，学习分析技术将成为对教 育产生影响的关键技术。你如何看待这个问题？你认为网络学习平台中 哪些数据的挖掘可以提供教师进行教学决策？（50分）
2 根据你对教育技术学当前研究热点的理解和自己的实际情况，为你 未来的研究生学习选择一个研究方向，并制定一个规划。（60分） 要求：
（1）结合教育技术学专业和自己的实际情况，对所制定的规划进行必要 的论证与说明； （2）字数要求在800以上； （3）思路清晰、语言流畅。
三、案例分析与综合应用题（共100分） 1 某学校为适应新时期数字化校园的需求，拟开设网络精品资源共享 课程、视频公开课程、微课等，以满足教学需求。目前学校申请对外 Web服务器的IP为61.153.34.8，域名为，试为各门课程 提供外部访问地址，并阐述访问地址架构方案。（50分）
2 学校需要在网络机房中支持广播教学、管理与监控等教学功能，并 具备机房系统的快速软件安装与恢复功能，试从软硬件选择与设置、系 统管理两个方面谈谈相应的实现方法。
2015年杭州师范大学教育学院714 教育技术学专业基础考研真题
一、简答题（每题30分，共90分） 1 简述未来五年内影响高等教育的六大信息技术。
2 针对病毒攻击、垃圾信息泛滥以及各种常见的网络故障问题，试问 应采取哪些措施来保证该校园网的正常运行及网络用户的安全。（50 分）
2016年杭州师范大学教育学院714 教育技术学专业基础考研真题
一、简答题（每题45分，共90分） 1 你如何理解当前热门的创客空间（课程）？信息技术如何与创客课 程关联？
杭州师范大学外国语学院英语教学基础知识[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解专业课考试试题
b. T: Have you ever bought clothes with problems? S: Uhm... T: For example, a shirt without... c. T: Please produce a conversation. S: Uhm... T: (Show a PPT with some language structures.) d. T: Please make a sentence with borrow. S: I borrowed a paper to write a letter. T: Well, we don’t say a paper; we say a piece of paper. 【答案】b
4. The learning activity sculpture body language is designed for developing _____ intelligence.
a. spatial visualizing b. bodily-kinesthetic c. interpersonal d. naturalistic 【答案】b 【解析】肢体语言可以提高学生的身体动觉智能。身体动觉智能是 指用自己的全身或肢体动作解决问题的才能。
【解析】教师发挥提示者作用，是指当学生不确定如何开始一项活 动，或下一步该做什么，或下一步该说什么的时候，老师应该给出适当 的提示。题干中老师问学生是否曾经买过有问题的衣服，学生觉得无从 答起，于是教师提示学生“a shirt without...”。
9. Which of the following ways of grouping students is more risky? a. Strong students and weak students are grouping separately. b. Grouping students according to seating arrangement. c. Students select their own group members. d. Grouping students by drawing lots. 【答案】c 【解析】本题考查课堂中的分组活动。在课堂中，学生不总是以班 级为单位来学习，教师大部分时间会把学生分成不同大小的几个小组。 根据不同的教学目的和教学活动，学生应该被合理分组。选项c中让学 生自己挑选小组成员的分组方式风险较大，可能会使课堂活动失控。
4. The learning activity sculpture body language is designed for developing _____ intelligence.
a. spatial visualizing b. bodily-kinesthetic c. interpersonal d. naturalistic 【答案】b 【解析】肢体语言可以提高学生的身体动觉智能。身体动觉智能是 指用自己的全身或肢体动作解决问题的才能。
【解析】教师发挥提示者作用，是指当学生不确定如何开始一项活 动，或下一步该做什么，或下一步该说什么的时候，老师应该给出适当 的提示。题干中老师问学生是否曾经买过有问题的衣服，学生觉得无从 答起，于是教师提示学生“a shirt without...”。
9. Which of the following ways of grouping students is more risky? a. Strong students and weak students are grouping separately. b. Grouping students according to seating arrangement. c. Students select their own group members. d. Grouping students by drawing lots. 【答案】c 【解析】本题考查课堂中的分组活动。在课堂中，学生不总是以班 级为单位来学习，教师大部分时间会把学生分成不同大小的几个小组。 根据不同的教学目的和教学活动，学生应该被合理分组。选项c中让学 生自己挑选小组成员的分组方式风险较大，可能会使课堂活动失控。
2015年杭州师范大学研究生入学考试《翻译与写作》真题及答案
2015年杭州师范大学研究生入学考试《翻译与写作》真题(总分：150.00，做题时间：180分钟)一、翻译题1.To fight is a radical instinct; if men have nothing else to fight over they will fight over words, fancies, or women, or they will fight because they dislike each other's looks, or because they have met walking in opposite directions. To knock a thing down, especially if it is cocked at an arrogant angle, is a deep delight to the blood. To fight for a reason and in a calculating spirit is something your true warrior despises; even a coward might screw his courage up to such a reasonable conflict.The joy and glory of fighting lie in its pure spontaneity and consequent generosity; you are not fighting for gain, but for sport and for victory. Victory, no doubt, has its fruits for the victor. If fighting were not a possible means of livelihood the warlike instinct could never have established itself in any long-lived race. A few men can live on plunder; just as there is room in the world for some beasts of prey; other men are reduced to living on industry, just as there are diligent bees, ants, and herbivorous cows. But victory need have no good fruits for the people whose army is victorious.（分数：40.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(战斗是一种激进的本能。
2015年杭州师范大学考研教育硕士《教育综合》真题及标准答案
2015年杭州师范大学考研教育硕士《教育综合》真题(总分100, 考试时间90分钟)1. 名词解释题1. 学校教育正确答案：(1)学校教育是一种有目的地培养人的活动，它规定着人的发展方向。
(2)教育，特别是学校教育给人的影响比较全面、系统和深刻。
(3)学校有专门负责教育工作的老师，他对学生的思想、学业、身体是全面关心的，他又明确教育的目的，熟悉教育内容，懂得教育这个转化活动的规律和方法，自觉地促进学生按照一定的方向去发展。
(4)学校教育是制度化、规范化、规律化、专门化的教育，它可以让青少年迅速而有效地掌握各个方面的专业技能，与家庭教育、自学、社会教育的诸多局限性相比，具有无可比拟的优越性。
(5)现代社会的竞争是知识的竞争，而学校是传播和创造知识的主要场所，学校教育有利于青少年掌握必要的理论知识，这些是一个人踏上社会所必不可少的。
(6)当今的劳动和社会分工，无不是以一个人的能力、技能来分配的，而学校就是专门提供这种人才的场所。
因而年轻一代接受学校教育，也是他优化职业选择的必由之路。
2. 校本课程正确答案：校本课程是由学校参照国家课程标准、地方课程框架和本校学生发展兴趣及需要而开发的旨在体现学校办学特色的课程，是由学生所在学校的教师编制、实施和评价的课程。
校本课程具有鲜明的地方特色，更能体现学校的办学特点；同时校本课程是一个持续的、动态的、逐步完善的过程，教师能够根据情况的变化，经常修订校本课程；而且使用校本课程能够使教师获得工作的满足感和成就感；另外，校本课程鼓励和吸纳教师、学生、家长和社会人士的参与。
3. 教学评价正确答案：教学评价是对教学工作质量所做的测量、分析和评定。
教学评价的原则有： (1)客观性原则：教学评价要客观公正、科学合理，不能主观臆断、掺杂个人情感，防止评价不符合实际情况。
(2)发展性原则：教学评价应着眼于学生的学习进步、动态发展；着眼于教师的教学改进和能力提高，以调动师生的积极性，提高教学质量。
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2015 年 考试科目代码 718 考试科目名称 综合英语 （本考试科目共 12 页，第 1 页）
杭 州 师 范 大 学 硕 士 研 究 生 入 学 考 试 命 题 纸
when learning a language. First, it is obvious that children do not (20) l_______ a language (21) b_______ storing all the words and all the (22) s_______ in some giant mental dictionary. The list of (23) w_______ is finite, but no dictionary can hold all the sentences, which are (24) i_______ in number. Rather, they learn to construct and understand sentences, most of which they have never produced or (25) h_______ before. Children must therefore (26) c_______ the rules that permit them to use their language creatively. No one teaches (27) t_______ these rules. Their parents are no (28) m_______ aware of the phonological, morphological, syntactic, and semantic rules that are the children. Children seem to (29) act l_______ efficient linguists equipped with a perfect theory of language, and they use this (30) t_______ to construct the grammar of the language they hear.
杭 州 师 范 大 学 硕 士 研 究 生 入 学 考 试 命 题 纸杭 Nhomakorabea州
师
范
大
学
2015 年招收攻读硕士研究生入学考试题
考试科目代码： 考试科目名称： 718 综合英语
说明：考生答题时一律写在答题纸上，否则漏批责任自负。
I. Cloze（每小题 1 分，共 30 分）
Directions: Fill in the blanks with proper words (the first letter is given). Every aspect of language is extremely complex. Yet very young (1) c_______ ---before the age of five—already (2) k______ most of the intricate system we have been calling the grammar of a (3) l_______. Before they can add 2+2, children are conjoining sentences, asking (4) q_______, using appropriate pronouns, negating sentences, forming relative clauses, and using the syntactic, phonological, morphological, and semantic (5) r_______ of the grammar. A normal human being can go (6) t_______ life without learning to read or (7) w_______. Millions of people in the world today do. These same people (8) s_______ and understand a language, and they can (9) d_______ ideas as complex and abstract (10) a_______ literate speakers can. Learning to speak and understand a language, and (11) l_______ to read and write, are different. Similarly, millions (12) h_______ never learn algebra or chemistry or how to (13) u_______ a computer. They must be taught these skills or systems, but they do not have to be (14) t________ to walk or to talk. If fact, “We are designed to walk…. That we are taught to walk is impossible. And pretty much the (15) s_______ is true of language. (16) N_______ is taught language. In fact you can’t prevent the child (17) f_______ learning it.” The (18) s________ of the grammars of human languages has revealed a great deal (19) a_______ language acquisition, about what a child does and does not do
杭 州 师 范 大 学 硕 士 研 究 生 入 学 考 试 命 题 纸
when learning a language. First, it is obvious that children do not (20) l_______ a language (21) b_______ storing all the words and all the (22) s_______ in some giant mental dictionary. The list of (23) w_______ is finite, but no dictionary can hold all the sentences, which are (24) i_______ in number. Rather, they learn to construct and understand sentences, most of which they have never produced or (25) h_______ before. Children must therefore (26) c_______ the rules that permit them to use their language creatively. No one teaches (27) t_______ these rules. Their parents are no (28) m_______ aware of the phonological, morphological, syntactic, and semantic rules that are the children. Children seem to (29) act l_______ efficient linguists equipped with a perfect theory of language, and they use this (30) t_______ to construct the grammar of the language they hear.
杭 州 师 范 大 学 硕 士 研 究 生 入 学 考 试 命 题 纸杭 Nhomakorabea州
师
范
大
学
2015 年招收攻读硕士研究生入学考试题
考试科目代码： 考试科目名称： 718 综合英语
说明：考生答题时一律写在答题纸上，否则漏批责任自负。
I. Cloze（每小题 1 分，共 30 分）
Directions: Fill in the blanks with proper words (the first letter is given). Every aspect of language is extremely complex. Yet very young (1) c_______ ---before the age of five—already (2) k______ most of the intricate system we have been calling the grammar of a (3) l_______. Before they can add 2+2, children are conjoining sentences, asking (4) q_______, using appropriate pronouns, negating sentences, forming relative clauses, and using the syntactic, phonological, morphological, and semantic (5) r_______ of the grammar. A normal human being can go (6) t_______ life without learning to read or (7) w_______. Millions of people in the world today do. These same people (8) s_______ and understand a language, and they can (9) d_______ ideas as complex and abstract (10) a_______ literate speakers can. Learning to speak and understand a language, and (11) l_______ to read and write, are different. Similarly, millions (12) h_______ never learn algebra or chemistry or how to (13) u_______ a computer. They must be taught these skills or systems, but they do not have to be (14) t________ to walk or to talk. If fact, “We are designed to walk…. That we are taught to walk is impossible. And pretty much the (15) s_______ is true of language. (16) N_______ is taught language. In fact you can’t prevent the child (17) f_______ learning it.” The (18) s________ of the grammars of human languages has revealed a great deal (19) a_______ language acquisition, about what a child does and does not do