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大众MQ200手动变速箱故障第1章绪论1.1 MQ200手动变速箱的背景及应用车辆MQ200是大众经常使用的变速箱，根据大众的命名方式，M代表手动，Q代表横置，200的意思就是可以支持最大扭矩为200牛顿米的发动机，作为手动变速器，它的结构和一般的手动变速器没有什么大的区别。
一根输入轴连接着发动机传递来的动力，上面布置了5组提供前行动力输出的齿轮和一个倒挡齿轮。
另外一根输出轴连接着差速器，并通过差速器把动力传递给驱动轴。
MQ200手动变速器的出色之处来自一下几点：多锥面同步器，使得挂挡时的阻力大大降低。
现在的手动变速器，为了避免由于换挡前后的两个齿轮及环之间存在的转速差，而造成的换挡困难、打齿的现象，都设置了同步器。
同步器是指在环的两侧设置的锥面摩擦片，同齿轮相同位置设置的锥面摩擦片。
在换挡的过程中由于环和即将要结合的齿轮之间存在转速差，如果直接把棘齿咬合，必然会很困难、而且出现打齿。
但是如果通过同步器先让环和齿轮之间出现一定程度的滑动摩擦，这样就会使环和齿轮的转速逐步趋于同步，这个原理同离合器的原理是类似的。
一般的手动变速箱的同步器环上，都是采用一个锥面摩擦片，它同样可以起到同步的效果，但性能有限。
作为同步器来说，能越快的让一轴的转速与二轴同步，挂挡就越轻松，因为只有二者转速同步，棘齿才能顺利咬合，这个速度越快，咬合也就越轻松。
如果在同步器上采用多锥面的摩擦片，就可以增大环与齿轮之间的摩擦面积，使这个转速由不同步到同步的时间缩短。
不但提升了同步器的响应速度，而且换挡的阻塞感也会大大降低。
MQ200就是采用了多锥面的同步器设计，尤其是在1挡和2挡之间采用的是三锥面同步器，换挡力降低了50%，这就是它操纵轻便、驾驶轻松的原因。
电控装置换挡。
一般的手动变速器，都是通过推杆连接或者是拉线来控制换挡的。
推杆连接的换挡控制方式，更为直接但是传递的振动会很大；而拉线式的虽然没有振动，但是挡位显得不是很清晰，可谓是各有优劣，但是它们都有一个共同的特点，都是纯机械式的，换挡的力量来自于人手的力量，因此换挡阻力自然不可避免。
2008 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION KIT & COMPONENTS CATALOG©2008 PARKER HANNIFIN CORP. ALL RIGHTS RESERVEDEA750Direct DrumInterm. ClutchForward PlanetSun GearRearOutput ShaftLow / Rev ClutchLow / Rev DrumExt. Hsg.Linkage991Park Pawl995778CenterPumpParts507139SteelModule4282008 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION KIT & COMPONENTS CATALOG ©2008 PARKER HANNIFIN CORP . ALL RIGHTS RESERVEDBCE 642144106126989979969340341639632Overrun Clutch569339338966976893126104566062620062213779300765010V.B.Parts741748O.Dr. PlanetInput ShaftGov.048740Valve Body431421421386429006.............B69006..........Master W/Steels Kit, ZF3HP22 1976-84.....................................................................................1..........006.............T69006A........Master W/Steels Kit, ZF4HP22 1984-Up....................................................................................1..........006.............B69006A.......Master W/Steels Kit, ZF4HP22 1984-96 BMW, Audi..................................................................1..........006.............B69006B........Master W/Steels Kit, ZF4HP22 1984-96 With 5 Extra................................................................1..........006.............T69006E........Master W/Steels Kit, ZF4HP24 1988-96.....................................................................................1..........006.............B69006E........Master W/Steels Kit, ZF4HP24 1988-Up BMW, 750I..................................................................1..........E300...........31209............Gasket, ZF3HP22 Oil Pan 1984-On (Molded Rubber)...............................................................1..........24-11-1-205-903 E300...........31809............Gasket, ZF4HP22/24 Oil Pan (Molded Rubber)..........................................................................1..........24-11-1-215-488 E305...........31897589......Gasket, ZF4HP22 Extension Housing 1984-Up.........................................................................1. (070112012)A310..........31204............Gasket, ZF3HP22 Pump Stator To Bell Housing.........................................................................1. (1043322129)A310..........31897588......Gasket, ZF3HP22 Pump Plate To Stator.....................................................................................1. (750112009)A311...........1994785........O-Ring, ZF4HP22 Pump Body....................................................................................................1. (734313061)...................31897592......Gasket, ZF4HP22 Valve Body (Upper) 1984-On.......................................................................1. (1043326253)...................31897593......Gasket, ZF4HP24 Valve Body (Lower) Electronic 1984-On.....................................................1. (1043328080)A070..........70247............Seal, ZF3HP22/ZF4HP22/ZF4HP24/ZF4HP14 Front 1976-Up...................................................1..........24-311-207-621 D072...........70249............Seal, ZF3HP22/ZF4HP22/ZF4HP24 Manual Lever Seal 1976-Up.............................................1. (750110062)E074...........70248............Seal, ZF3HP22/ZF4HP22/ZF4HP24/ZF4HP14/4L30E Extension Housing (2 1/2"OD) BMW,...........................................Peugeot 1984-On.......................................................................................................................1..........046-504-4002H E074...........70028............Seal, ZF4HP22/C-3/A4LD/4R44E/4R55E/5R55E Extension Housing (Lincoln With Boot).........1..........E2ZZ-7052-A175.............31260............Ring Kit, ZF3HP22 1976-86 (5 Pieces)......................................................................................1..........175.............6182..............Ring Kit, ZF4HP22 1984-Up........................................................................................................1..........175.............6182OS.........Ring Kit, ZF4HP22 1984-Up........................................................................................................1..........A177..........30819............Ring, ZF4HP22 Input Shaft (PTFE) 1984-Up..............................................................................1..........B180...........TAW-2165.....Ring, ZF3HP22/ZF4HP22 Direct Clutch Drum (Metal)................................................................1. (301302051)C182...........TAW-2168.....Ring, ZF3HP22/ZF4HP22 Sun Gear Shaft (Metal).....................................................................2. (750113021)D189...........31859V..........Ring, ZF4HP22 Governor (Viton)..............................................................................................1-3.. (501306311)...................31803-5.........Ring Kit, ZF4HP22 Governor (Viton) Contains 3 Rings.............................................................1. (501306311)D100...........31820R..........Friction, ZF4HP22 Low/Reverse & Overdrive Clutch (.061") 40 Teeth (E/F Pack) 1984-On...8..........24-23-1-214-441 D104...........31224R..........Friction, ZF3HP22/ZF4HP22 Reverse Clutch (.063") 48 Teeth (D Pack)..................................4-5........24-23-1-205-955 D104...........31824W.........Friction, ZF4HP22 Reverse Clutch (.061") 58 Teeth (D Pack) 1987-On...................................5..........1043-217-015 B106...........31222R..........Friction, ZF3HP22/ZF4HP22 Direct, Intermediate, & Overrun Clutch (.059") 1976-On............6-8........24-23-1-215-770 A108..........31822............Friction, ZF4HP24 Forward Clutch (.061") 40 Teeth (5"OD) (A Pack) 1988-Up......................4-6........1043-202-189 119.............31880............Fricton Module, ZF4HP22 1984-96............................................................................................1..........119.............31880R..........Friction Module, ZF4HP22 1984-96............................................................................................1..........119.............31882R..........Friction Module, ZF4HP24 1988-96............................................................................................1..........2008 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION KIT & COMPONENTS CATALOG©2008 PARKER HANNIFIN CORP. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4304312008 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION KIT & COMPONENTS CATALOG©2008 PARKER HANNIFIN CORP. ALL RIGHTS RESERVEDE010...........31240............Filter, ZF3HP22 1976-84.............................................................................................................1..........24-34-1-209-791E010...........31840............Filter, ZF4HP22 (No Pick-Up Tube) 1984-Up..............................................................................1..........24-31-1-218-550E010...........31841............Filter, ZF4HP22 (With 1” Long Pick-Up Tube) 1988-Up With Suction ........................................1..........24-31-1-218-204E010...........31843............Filter, ZF4HP24 Land Rover 1988-Up ........................................................................................1..........1043-226-037011.............31242............Filter Kit, ZF3HP22 1977-On.......................................................................................................1..........011.............31842............Filter Kit, ZF4HP22 (No Pick-Up Tube) 1984-On BMW ..............................................................1..........011.............31844............Filter Kit, ZF4HP22 (With 1 Pick-Up Tube) 1988-On ..................................................................1. (011).............31845............Filter Kit, ZF4HP24 Land Rover 1991-On...................................................................................1..........A034..........31230............Bushing, ZF3HP22/ZF4HP22 NPump 1976-93...........................................................................1..........750101031A034..........31232............Bushing, ZF4HP22/ZF4HP24 Pump 1994-Up.............................................................................1..........0501-311-812A/B048.......31231............Bushing, ZF4HP22/ZF4HP24 Forward Drum, Overdrive Drum, & Center Support Plate...........................................1976-Up .....................................................................................................................................1-3........E421...........S-159.............Solenoid, ZF4HP22/ZF4HP22 (Shift/TCC/Reverse Lock-Out)..................................................1-3........501307869E431...........S-157.............Solenoid, ZF4HP22/ZF4HP24 (EPC) Pressure Regulator Solenoid (Fits The 5 Solenoid...........................................Valve Body)................................................................................................................................1..........0501206997C650...........31885............Sprag, ZF4HP22 Overdrive Roller Clutch 3RD Design ..............................................................1..........C650...........31886............Sprag, ZF4HP22 Overdrive Roller Clutch 1ST Design...............................................................1..........。
长春汽车工业高等专科学校继续教育学院毕业论文（设计）中文题目：MQ200/MQ250变速箱原理及故障分析英文题目：MQ200/MQ250 transmission principle and fault analysis毕业专业：学生姓名：准考证号：指导教师：二零一二年八月独创性声明本人声明所呈交的论文是本人在导师指导下进行的研究工作和取得的研究成果，除了文中特别加以标注和致谢之处外，论文中不包含其他人已经发表或撰写过的研究成果，也不包含为获得或其他教育机构的学位或证书而使用过的材料。
与我一同工作的同志对本研究所做的任何贡献均已在论文中作了明确的说明并表示了谢意。
论文作者签名：签字日期：年月日学位论文版权使用授权书本论文作者完全了解有关保留、使用论文的规定。
特授权可以将论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索，并采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存、汇编以供查阅和借阅。
（保密的论文在解密后适用本授权说明）论文作者签名：导师签名：签字日期：年月日签字日期：年月摘要变速箱主要指的是汽车的变速箱，它分为手动、自动两种，手动变速箱主要由齿轮和轴组成，通过不同的齿轮组合产生变速变矩；功能为：一、改变传动比；二、在发动机旋转方向不变情况下，使汽车能倒退行驶；三、利用空挡，中断动力传递，以发动机能够起动、怠速，并便于变速器换档或进行动力输出。
我们通过对这些的学习及了解来对变速箱进行常见的故障诊断和分析，探索它们之间的联系，让我们更好地了解、掌握这些知识。
关键词：MQ200/MQ250手动变速箱结构差速器手动变速箱故障诊断AbstractGearbox mainly refers to the car's transmission, it is divided into two kinds of manual, automatic, manual transmission is mainly composed of a gear and the shaft, through the different gears are combined to produce a transmission torque; and automatic transmission AT is composed of a hydraulic torque converter, planetary gear and a hydraulic control system, the hydraulic transmission and gear combination way to achieve the transmission torque. Functions: one, change the transmission ratio; two, in the direction of rotation of engine unchanged, the automobile can travel backwards; three, use the neutral gear, interruption of power transmission, the engine can start, idle, and facilitate the transmission shift or power output. We through the learning and understanding of the transmission of common fault diagnosis and analysis, to explore the links between them, let us better understand, grasp this knowledge.Key words:MQ200/MQ250 manual transmission structure differential manual gearbox fault diagnosis目录摘要 (2)Abstract (3)1 绪论1.1 课题的来源 (5)1.2变速箱的分类 (5)1.3变速器简介 (5)2 MQ200/MQ250变速箱的原理、结构及区别2.1传动器和变速箱的名称区别 (6)2.2汽车为什么需要变速箱 (7)2.3MQ200/MQ250传动器在整车上的位置、布局及差别 (8)2.4MQ200变速箱简介及开发目标 (10)2.5变速箱的分类及基本原理 (11)2.6传动器的基本结构 (12)2.7传动比 (13)2.8动力传输路线 (14)2.9同步器的作用及工作原理/差速器的作用及原理 (15)3 汽车手动变速器故障分析3.1手动变速器简介 (16)3.2变速器异响 (16)3.3变速器跳档 (18)3.4变速器乱档 (19)3.5变速器挂档困难 (20)3.6变速器漏油 (21)4 结论 (22)5 参考文献 (24)6 谢辞 (25)1 绪论1.1 课题的来源本课题《汽车变速箱故障诊断分析》来源于长春市传动器装配工段变速箱研究小组。
