名词性从句
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名词性从句讲解(最全版)名词性从句是一个从句,它在句子中充当名词的角色。
它可以作为主语、宾语、表语、同位语或介词宾语。
名词性从句通常由连接词引导,如that、whether、if、who、whom、whose、which、what等。
1. 作为主语:名词性从句可以作为主语,取代一个名词或名词短语,引导词通常为that或whether。
例如:- What you said is true.(你说的是真的。
)- Whether he will come is still uncertain.(他是否会来还不确定。
)2. 作为宾语:名词性从句可以作为及物动词或介词的宾语,引导词通常为that、whether、if、who、whom、whose、which、what等。
例如:- She asked me what I wanted.(她问我想要什么。
)- I don't know if/whether he will come.(我不知道他是否会来。
)3. 作为表语:名词性从句可以作为系动词的表语,引导词通常为that、whether、who、whom、whose、which、what等。
例如:- The problem is that she doesn't understand.(问题在于她不理解。
)- The question is who will take care of them.(问题是谁会照顾他们。
)4. 作为同位语:名词性从句可以作为同位语,解释或说明前面的名词或代词,引导词通常为that、whether、who、whom、whose、which、what等。
例如:- The fact that he lied surprised me.(他撒谎的事实让我感到惊讶。
)- His belief that she will succeed is unwavering.(他坚信她会成功。
第十一单元名词性从句★.名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句。
其关联词有:1、连接词:that, if, whether2、疑问代词:who, whom, what, which+n(哪一)3、疑问副词:when, where, why, how 等一、主语从句1.主语从句在句中作主语。
它可以放在主句谓语动词之前。
但多数情况由it作形式主语,而把主语从句放在主句之后。
例如:That he did it is known to all.=it is known to all that he did itWhether you like him or not doesn’t matters=it doesn’t matters whether you like him or not2.用it作形式主语的主语从句有:①It + be +形容词(true, certain, possible, likely, probable, obvious, surprising, natural, etc.)+ that从句。
例如:_________________(肯定) that she will do well in her exam.________________(很可能) that he told her everything.②It + be +名词词组(no wonder, an honor, a shame, a pity,, etc.)+ that从句。
例如:_______________ ( 很遗憾) that we can't go.________________( 这不惊奇) that our team should have won the game.③It + be +过去分词(said, reported, hoped, believed, thought, expected, known, etc.)+ that从句。
语法专题二:名词性从句1. 名词性从句的基本概念:1) 主语从句:在句中充当主语;亦可用it作形式主语,主语从句置于句末。
2) 宾语从句:在句中充当及物动词或介词的宾语;亦可用it作形式宾语,宾语从句置于句末。
3) 表语从句:在句中充当系动词的表语。
4) 同位语从句:常置于fact, idea, news, promise, doubt, suggestion, possibility, belief等表示有内容的名词后,起解释、说明作用。
2. 注意:1) 名词性从句要用陈述句语序。
2) 名词性从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语时:常用what 导,亦可用which表示选择,用who/whom/whoever指人。
缺少状语:用where(表地点), when(表时间), how(表方式), why(表原因)。
3) 如不缺成份:主语从句、同位语从句用that引导,不能省略;表从、单个动词宾从可省略引导词that;介词宾从、第二个宾从,引导词that一般不省略;it作形式主语或宾语时,引导实际主从或宾从,一般that不省略;当主从、宾从本身为复合句时,引导词that不省略。
如:He told us sadly that what he had done secretly was discovered by his parents.4) 含宾从的复合句中,主句和从句的时态保持一致,但如果从句中表示是客观现象,虽然主句是过去时态,从句仍用一般现在时。
5) 主语从句做主语,谓语动词用单数;如果由and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句做主语时,谓语动词用复数;由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句,谓语动词用单数。
6) 当主句是I/We think(或suppose, expect, believe, imagine, guess)时,其后的宾语从句如果是否定的,常常把否定词not从从句中移到主句中。
7) 只能用whether,不能用if表示“是否”的情况如下:(1) 在表语从句和同位语从句中;(2) 在主语从句中,如果用it做形式主语,whether和if都能引导主语从句,否则,只能用whether(3) 在介词之后;(4) 后面直接跟动词不定式;(5) 与or not连用;(6) 引导让步状语从句,只能用whether。
名词性从句1.名词性从句的定义名词性从句是起名词作用的从句,这些从句可以作为一个整体来看,其作用就相当于一个名词,在复合句中作主语,宾语,表语和同位语。
名词性从句包括主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句,同位语从句四种。
2.名词性从句的连接词名词性从句通常由一个连接词和主句相连。
连接词很重要,它既是联系主句的纽带,又是从句的标志,通过连接词,我们可以辨认不同从句的性质。
一.从属连接词(在从句中不充当任何成分,只起到连接从句的功能)A.that 只是引导名词性从句,本身并没有实际意义,在从句中不充当任何句子成分。
That he will come to the meeting is certain.(主语从句)The fact remains that we are behind the other group.(同位语从句)B.if和whether具有“是否”的意义,但是whether比较正式,在口语中人们经常if, if 和whether在名词性从句中尽管不充当任何的成分,但不可以省略。
C.whether不能替代if的情况1.if只能引导宾语从句(做介词宾语的情况除外),而whether 可以引导所有的名词性从句。
She asked if/ whether that was enough.Whether the football match will be played depends on the whether.The question is whether we can arrive there on bus.2.whether引导宾语从句做介词的宾语,if没有这种用法It depends on whether it will be fine.3.whether后紧跟不定式He was wondering whether to go home.4.or not 可直接跟在whether后面,但不可以直接跟在if后面。
名词性从句的三种类型及例句解析名词性从句是指在一个句子中充当名词的从句。
它可以作主语、宾语、表语和同位语等,并能够起到连接子句与主句的作用。
在英语语法中,有三种主要类型的名词性从句:宾语从句、主语从句和表语从句。
本文将详细解析这三种类型,并举例说明其用法。
一、宾语从句宾语从句作为一个整体出现在主句中的动词后面,充当主句的宾语。
它常常引导由that、whether/if、wh-疑问词引导的从句。
下面是一些例句:1. 主句:He asked me a question.宾语从句:He asked me whether I had finished my homework.解析:宾语从句"whether I had finished my homework"作为动词"ask"的宾语,表达了一个疑问。
2. 主句:She doesn't know the answer.宾语从句:She doesn't know what the answer is.解析:宾语从句"what the answer is"作为动词"know"的宾语,表示对答案的不知道。
3. 主句:They wonder if he will come to the party.宾语从句:They wonder if/whether he will come to the party.解析:宾语从句"if/whether he will come to the party"作为动词"wonder"的宾语,表达了对他是否会来参加派对的疑问。
二、主语从句主语从句作为一个整体出现在句子的最前面,充当主句的主语。
它通常由that引导,也可以由wh-疑问词引导。
以下是一些例句:1. 主句:It is important to learn a foreign language.主语从句:That she is a hardworking student is important.解析:主语从句"That she is a hardworking student"作为句子的主语,强调了她是一个勤奋的学生的重要性。
什么是名词性从句?名词性从句(Noun Clauses)是一个在句子中充当名词的从句。
它可以在句子中担任主语、宾语、表语或补语的角色。
名词性从句通常由连词引导,例如that, whether, if, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, why等。
以下是名词性从句在不同角色中的示例:1. 主语(Subject):- What she said surprised me.(她所说的让我感到惊讶。
)- Whether we go or not is up to you.(我们去与否由你决定。
)2. 宾语(Object):- I know that he is coming.(我知道他要来。
)- She asked me where I was going.(她问我要去哪里。
)3. 表语(Predicate):- The problem is how to solve it.(问题是如何解决它。
)- His wish is that everyone gets along.(他的愿望是每个人和睦相处。
)4. 补语(Complement):- The important thing is what you do next.(重要的是你接下来要做什么。
)- His goal is to become a doctor.(他的目标是成为一名医生。
)名词性从句的使用可以使句子更加丰富和灵活,它可以替代一个独立的名词,并在句子中承担相应的语法角色。
名词性从句可以用于各种不同的语境,包括陈述句、疑问句和感叹句等。
需要注意的是,名词性从句的引导词可以根据从句的具体内容和功能而有所不同。
因此,在使用名词性从句时,我们需要根据语境和句子的需要选择适当的引导词。
了解和掌握名词性从句的概念和用法,可以帮助我们在英语表达中更加灵活和准确地使用不同类型的从句。
名词性从句有哪些名词性从句共有四种,分别是主语从句(整个从句在主句中做主语),表语从句(整个从句在主句中做表语),同位语从句(整个从句在主句中做同位语),宾语从句四类(整个从句在主句中做宾语)。
名词性从句有哪些1、主语从句例如:It + be + 形容词/名词/动词过去分词 + that 从句It is strangethat he knows nothing about it.从句:He knows nothing about it.主句:It is strange something (= He knows nothing about it).连接词在从句中是否充当成分:否连接词是否可省:否2、宾语从句例如:that 引导的宾语从句I think that English is important.从句:English is important.主句:I think something (= English is important).连接词在从句中是否充当成分:否连接词是否可省:是3、表语从句用法和结构同宾语从句,区别在于:系动词后面所接的从句为表语从句,而及物动词后面所接的从句为宾语从句。
例如:- that 引导的表语从句The truth is that English is important.从句:English is important.主句:The truth is something (= that English is important).4、同位语从句同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。
同位语从句对于名词进一步解释,说明名词的具体内容,一般由that引导,同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面,而是被别的词隔开。
名词性从句1、名词性从句:用从句来充当句子中的名词成分。
分为:主语从句/表语从句/宾语从句/同位语从句。
名词性从句不能用逗号和主句分隔。
【补充知识】连接词:连接主句和从句的词That/whether/if/who/what/which/whatever/whichever/whoever/whomever/When/why/where2、主语从句:充当主句中主语的成分的句子称为主语从句。
(1)陈述句作主语从句:(That+从句)+谓语+其他Ex. You didn't come. It is a pity. 你错过这堂课是个遗憾→That you didn’t come is a pity. → It is a pity that you didn’t come.PS.形式主语it指代主语从句作主语,从句后置,起到平衡句子的作用。
It做形式主语和形式宾语时除了从句,还可以替代不定式或者分词结构等。
Ex. It is a waste of time playing video games.It is important to learn English.Exercise:翻译句子我上初中了是个事实。
→That I am in middle school is a fact.→It is a fact that I am in middle school.(2)一般疑问句作主语从句:(whether+从句)+谓语+其他,注意从句要改回陈述语序。
Ex. Do I know him? It is not important.我知不知道他并不重要。
→Whether I know him is not important.→It is not important whether I know him.Exercise: 合并句子Are they students? It is not clear.→Whether they are students is not clear.→It is not clear whether they are students. (3)特殊疑问句作主语从句:(特殊疑问词+从句)+谓语+其他,从句改回陈述语序。
名词性从句一、定义:名词性从句是指在句子中功能相当于名词的从句。
通常由that, if/whether, how, what和其它疑问词等充当连接词所引导的从句,其功能同名词一样。
二、类型:主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句三、引导词连接词词义功能that 无词义不作成分,只起连接作用whether/if 是否不作成分,起连接作用what, which 什么,哪个作主语、宾语、表语who, whom, whose 谁,谁的作主语、宾语、定语when, where, how, why 什么时候,什么地方怎么样,为什么作状语、表语how many/much 多少作定语how soon/often/long/much 多久,多久一次,多长,作状语... ... 词义及功能同疑问词whatever=anything that 无论什么作主语、宾语、表语、定语whosever=anyone whose 无论谁的作主语、宾语、定语、表语whichever=anything that 无论哪个作宾语、定语、主语、表语whoever=anyone who 无论谁作主语whomever=anyone whom 无论谁作宾语四、考点1.连接词根据成份和句意确定;2.语序陈述句的语序;3.时态主句为一般现在时从句为任何所需的时态,主句为一般过去时从句为过去时的一种,表真理性的句子除外(一直用一般现在时)。
五、用法1、主语从句:在复合句中做主句的主语。
引导词有连词that (that 不可省),whether(不可用if); 代词有who, what ,which; 副词when ,where, how, why 等。
如:A. That he is a famous singer is known to us.(=It is known to us that he is a famous singer. It作形式主语)B. When he will go to America is not yet fixed.(=It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.)★注意点▲通常用it 作形式主语的结构A:It is +名词+从句It is a fact / an honor / common knowledge/a surprise/a pity that...B: It is +形容词+从句It is natural/strange/important/necessary/ that...(should+do)It is possible/likely/clear/that...C: It+不及物动词+从句It seems/appears/happens/turns out/occurs to sb. /counts(matters) /that...D: It +过去分词+从句It is reported/said/believed/considered/thought/known/announced that...▲it 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较it 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词没有变化。
而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that, 被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom, 去掉it is …that可以恢复原句。
辨析:It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.______________________________It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. ______________________________It was on Monday night that all this happened. ______________________________It’s me th at he blamed. ______________________________2.宾语从句:在复合句中做主句的宾语,通常放在主句谓语动词,介词或形容词之后。
引导词有连词that (that 常可省略),whether, if 代词有who, whose, what ,which; 副词when ,where, how, why 等。
★注意点▲动词find,feel,think,consider,make,believe,guess,suppose,assume等后有宾语补足语时,则需要用it作形式宾语,而将that宾语从句后置。
如:I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.▲hate,like,dislike,love, appreciate等表示“喜欢;痛恨”的动词后有宾语补足语时,需要用it作形式宾语而将宾语从句后置。
如:I hate it when they talk with their mouths full of food.I’ll appreciate it if you can come.▲宾语从句的否定转移。
将think,believe,suppose,expect,imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定式,而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
如:I don’t think I know yo u. 我想我并不认识你。
I don’t believe he will come. 我相信他不回来。
3、表语从句:在复合句中做主句的表语,常放在be, look, seem等系动词之后。
引导词有连词that (that 不可省),whether; 代词有who, what ,which;副词when ,where, how, why 等,此外because,as if等也可引导表语从句。
如:★注意点▲如果句子的主语是suggestion, advice, order等名词时, 后面引导的表语从句用should+动词原形,should 可省略。
如:A. My advice is that we (should) carry out the plan as soon as possible.B. His order is that all the soldiers (should) go to bed before the o’clock.▲注意辨析句式:The reason is that... / The reason for sth.is that…/ The reason why+从句is that…/It is because…如:A. The reason for his absence is that he hasn’t been informe d. =B. The reason why______________________ is that he hasn’t been informed.C. His absence is ____________ he hasn’t been informe d.▲注意A is to B what C is to D 句式。
如:A. Air is to us what water is to fish.B. Exercise is to body what knowledge is to mind.4、同位语从句:在句中起同位语的作用,一般放在名词fact, news, idea, promise, thought, suggestion, advice, evidence, word, truth, possibility, message等之后,用以说明或解释前面的名词。
引导词有连that(that 不可以省略);少数情况下也可用连接副词等。
★注意点▲如果名词suggestion, advice, order等词后的同位语从句的谓语动词要用should+动词原形,should可省略。
▲注意同位语从句和定语从句的区别:相同点:从句前都有一个名词不同点:定语从句中关系词代替先行词在从句中做成分;而在同位语从句中连接词不做成分。
定语从句是对前面的名词进行修饰,同位语从句是对前面的名词进行解释说明。
辨析: 1) The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. ( )2) The news that you told us is really encouraging. ( )3) The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering. ( )4) The suggestion that is worth considering is that the students should learn something practical.5) They put forward the question where they could get the money. ( )6) This is the place where the accident happened. ( )六、名词性从句的注意点1.注意that 的用法(that引导名词性从句时在从句中不做任何成分,也没有具体的意义。
其他连接词在引导从句时都做相应的成分并有具体的意思。
)①主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略。
如:②宾语从句中的连接词that只有做动词宾语从句连接词时可省,在以下几种情况中that不能省略:当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入that不可省略;当that作介词宾语时,that不可省掉;当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时,that不能省;e.g. He judged that because he was a child, he did not understand what he had said.e.g. Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.e.g.The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.2. whether和if的用法①whether和if在动词宾语从句中可以互换,但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether。