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高中英语语法动词ing形式做宾补表语定语状语用法详解及练习第一部分：动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语1．动词的-ing形式可以在see, hear, notice, watch, feel, smell, look at, listen to, observe, find等表示感官和心理状态的动词后面作宾语补足语，和一个名词或代词一起构成复合宾语。
We heard the children shouting upstairs. 我们听见孩子们在楼上叫喊。
I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car. 我下车的时候注意到一个男人从银行里跑出来。
I felt my heart beating violently. 我觉得我的心在猛烈地跳动。
2．动词的-ing形式和不定式作宾语补语的区别在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官动词后，既可用动词的-ing形式构成复合宾语，也可用不定式构成复合宾语，两者之间有一定的区别。
用动词的-ing形式时，表示动作正在进行；用不定式时，表示动作发生了，即动作的全过程结束了。
He saw a girl getting on the car. 他看见一个女孩在上汽车。
(She was getting on the car.)He saw a girl get on the car and drive off. 他看见一个女孩上车开走了。
(She got on the car and drove off.)Do you hear someone knocking at the door 你听见有人在敲门吗？(Someone is knocking at the door.)Do you hear someone knock at the door 你听见有人敲门了吗？(Someone knocked at the door just now.)提示：如果宾语补足语是一系列的动作，通常只能用不定式来表示，不用动词的-ing形式。
“感使动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中宾语补足语的用法定义1．所谓感官动词，是指表示人的大脑感觉器官所发出的动作的动词。
如：notice / observe / see / look at / watch / hear / listen to / feel（常见的共８词）.2．使役动词是指具有使、让意义的动词。
如：have/ let / make（常见的共３词）。
记忆与使用难点一：如何系统、准确地熟记常见的感官、使役动词口诀：“注意、观察、三看、二听、一感觉；三个使役半帮助。
”注意：“半帮助”是为了易记加上去的（因help后接的to可省可不省，故叫“半帮助”）。
难点二：对感官、使役动词的主动结构后接非谓语动词作宾补的区别先看感官动词主动结构的用法（以hear为例）：hear sb. do/ doing/ done'即其后可接do（省to）/ doing/ done作宾补。
区别是：1）do/ doing均表主动关系，done表被动关系。
２）do/ doing都可表主动，但do指整个动作，经常性动作或强调动作完成了。
doing指动作正在进行或动作的某个片断。
３）done指某事由别人做（被做），也作“遭受”解。
试比较：A）I heared him sing a song. 我听他唱了一首歌（指自始至终整个过程）。
B）I heared him singing a song. 我听见他正在唱歌唱（指当时动作的某个片断）。
C）I heared a song sung．我听见（有人）唱歌（逻辑主语“歌”与“唱”是被动关系。
）再看使役动词主动结构的用法：have sb. do/ doing/ done, make/let sb. do/ donehave后也接do（省to）/ doing/ done作宾补，区别是：１）do/ doing 均表主动关系，done表被动关系。
２）do/ doing虽然都表主动，但do指目前和将来或经常性、反复性的动作。
动词ing做宾补-表语-定语-状语及综合练习2高中英语语法动词ing形式做宾补表语定语状语用法详解及练习第一部分：动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语1．动词的-ing形式可以在see, hear, notice, watch, feel, smell, look at, listen to, observe, find 等表示感官和心理状态的动词后面作宾语补足语，和一个名词或代词一起构成复合宾语。
We heard the children shouting upstairs. 我们听见孩子们在楼上叫喊。
I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car. 我下车的时候注意到一个男人从银行里跑出来。
I felt my heart beating violently. 我觉得我的心在猛烈地跳动。
2．动词的-ing形式和不定式作宾语补语的区别在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官动词后，既可用动词的-ing形式构成复合宾语，也可用不定式构成复合宾语，两者之间有一定的区别。
用动词的-ing形式时，表示动作正在进行；用不定式时，表示动作发生了，即动作的全过程结束了。
He saw a girl getting on the car. 他看见一个女孩在上汽车。
(She was getting on the car.)He saw a girl get on the car and drive off. 他看见一个女孩上车开走了。
(She got on the car and drove off.)Do you hear someone knocking at the door 你听见有人在敲门吗？(Someone is knocking at the door.)Do you hear someone knock at the door 你听见有人敲门了吗？(Someone knocked at the door just now.)提示：如果宾语补足语是一系列的动作，通常只能用不定式来表示，不用动词的-ing形式。
常见五个动词加宾语和宾补一．“make+宾语+宾补”的用法“make+宾语+宾补”这一结构中，宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、过去分词、不定式等来充当，例如：(1) A good friend is someone who makes you happy.（形容词作宾补）(2) They made me repeat the story.（省to的动词不定式）(3) He raised his voice to make himself heard.(过去分词作宾补)注：“make+宾语+宾补”结构中不用现在分词充当宾补。
(4)We made him monitor of our class.（名词作宾补）注：职务名词充当宾补时其前面不要加冠词。
二、“with+宾语+宾补”的用法“with+宾语+宾补”是高考试题中考查十分频繁的结构，“with+宾语+宾补”结构中的宾补主要有形容词、现在分词、过去分词、动词不式等，在考题中常要求选择宾补的形式，在选择时宾补空间该使用什么形式，主要限决于宾语与宾补的关系，主动关系用现在分词，被动关系则用过去分词，此外，不定式作宾补要表示含义为将来的意味，例如：(1) With so many people communicating in English every day, it will become more and more important to have a good knowledgeof English.(宾语so many people与communicate是主动关系，因此用现在分词作宾补)(2) With everything he needed to buy, he went into the store. (不定式作宾补表示将来的含义)(3) With everything he needed bought, he left the store. (过去分词作宾补表被动表完成)(4) With my key lost, I couldn’t enter my room. (过去分词作宾补)(5) With nothing to do, I went out for a walk. (不定式作宾补)(6) I went out with the window open. (形容词作宾补)另外，“with+宾语+宾补”结构中还可由介词短语、副词短语来充当宾补，如：(1) She said good-bye with tears in her eyes.(2) He left the room with the light still on.三、“have+宾语+宾补”的用法在“have+宾语+宾补”这一结构用法中，充当宾补的常用的有do，doing, done 和adj，例如：(1) I’ll have my hair cut this afternoon.我今天下午要理发。
宾语补足语总汇Company Document number：WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998宾语补足语总汇六、具体说明：（一）副词作宾语补足语I found him in yesterday.（二）常接形容词作宾语补足语的动词有：keep, make, find等。
如：We must keep our classroom clean.（三）常接名词作宾语补足语的动词有：call, name, make, think等。
如：We call them mooncakes.（四）常接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的动词有：see, watch, hear, find, keep 等。
如：In the country, we can hear birds singing.（五）常接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词有：keep, find, leave等。
如：I left my pen on my desk at home.（六）不定式作宾语补足语1. 常接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask, tell, want, teach, wish 等；2. 接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：see, watch, hear, make, let advise, allow, ask, beg, command, tell, invite, force, oblige, get, help, encourage, persuade, permit, remind, request, order, warn, cause等。
如：I often see him play football.She often asks me to help her.We don't allow such things to happen again.Most of the parents agree to forbid their children to smoke.She asked me to answer the phone in her absence.Please remind me to leave her this note.She requested him to go with her.3. 用不定式作宾语补足语的几种说明：①help后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式可以带to也可以不带to。
一、“make+宾语+xx”的用法“make+宾语+宾补”这一结构中，宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、过去分词、不定式等来充当，例如：(1) A good friend is someone who makes you happy.（形容词作宾补）(2) They made me repeat the story.（省to的动词不定式）(3) He raised his voice to make himself heard.(过去分词作宾补)注：“make+宾语+宾补”结构中不用现在分词充当宾补。
(4)We made him monitor of our class.（名词作宾补）注：职务名词充当xx补时其前面不要加冠词。
【试题链接】1. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them___ in his lectures.A．interestedB．interestingC．interestD．to interest2.Myparentshavealwaysmademe___aboutmyself,evenwhenIwastwelve.A．feeling wellB．feeling goodC．feel wellD．feel good答案：1.A2.D二、“with+宾语+xx”的用法“with+宾语+宾补”是高考试题中考查十分频繁的结构，“with+宾语+宾补”结构中的宾补主要有形容词、现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式等，在考题中常要求选择宾补的形式，在选择时宾补空间该使用什么形式，主要限决于宾语与宾补的关系，主动关系用现在分词，被动关系则用过去分词，此外，不定式作宾补要表示含义为将来的意味，例如：(2) With everything he need to buy, he went into the store. (不定式作宾补表示将来的含义)(3) With everything he need bought, he left the store. (过去分词作宾补表被动表完成)(4) With my key lost, I couldn’t enter my room. (过去分词作宾补)(5) With nothing to do, I went out for a walk. (不定式作宾补)(6) I went out with the window open. (形容词作宾补)另外，“with+宾语+宾补”结构中还可由介词短语、副词短语来充当宾补，如：(1) She said good-bye with tears in her eyes.(2) He left the room with the light still on.【试题链接】1. ----Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.----Sorry. With so much work ___ my mind, I almost break down.A．filledB．fillingC．to fillD．being filled2. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ___ hegladly accepted it.A．finishedB．finishingC．having finishedD．was finished3. I couldn’t to my homework with all the noise___.A．going onB．goes onC．went onD．to go on答案：1. B2. A3. A三、“have+宾语+xx”的用法在“have+宾语+宾补”这一结构用法中，充当宾补的常用的有do，doing,done 和adj，例如：(1) I’ll have my hair cut this afternoon.我今天下午要理发。
宾语补足语的归纳总结宾语补足语是高考英语中常考的，但有许多考生都被难住了，那考生要怎么克服这个难点呢？尚不了解的小伙伴们看过来，下面由小编为你精心准备了“宾语补足语的归纳总结”，持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!宾语补足语的归纳总结宾语补足语是英语教学中的难点，也是高考的热点，更是书面表达中必须具备的一种句型结构。
中学教学中最常见的使役动词有:make，have，leave。
他们都表示“使得”，后面都可接宾语+宾语补足语的结构，但用法上有所不同。
1. 我们推选他为我们足球队队长。
We made him captain of our football team.2. 我们队赢了的消息使我们大家非常高兴。
The news that our team had won made us very happy.3. 大雨使得我们无法出去。
The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out.4. 奇怪的声音使我们感到恐惧。
The strange noise made us frightened.5. 在交通嘈杂声中他无法使自己的声音提高到让别人听到。
He couldn’t make himself heard above the noise of the traffic.6. 什么东西使得草生长?What makes the grass grow?注意:过去分词作make的宾语补足语时，变为被动语态不用加to; 但当不定式作其宾补时，变为被动语态一定要加to。
这个男孩被迫每天干十二个小时的活。
The boy was made to work twelve hours a day.1. Paul doesn’t have to be made ____. He always works hard.A. learnB. to learnC. learnedD. learning2. The result of the entrance exams was not made ____ to the public until last Thursday.A. knowingB. knownC. to knowD. to be known答案:1.B2.Bhave sb. do sth.使得某人做某事have sb. doing sth.使得某人一直做某事have sth. done使得某事被做1. The teacher had her ____(recite) the text again.2. He wants to have his eyes ____(examine) tomorrow.3. Be careful， or you’ll have your hands ____(hurt).4. He had the girl ____(stand) in the classroom the whole morning.5. He had the walls ____(paint) this morning.答案:1.recite 2.examined 3.hurt 4.standing 5.painted只能用doing的情况1. 表示正在发生Be quick. They have the car waiting for you at the school gate.2. 否定句中表示(不能)容忍某人做……Iwon’t have him cheating in the exam.3. 表示某一时间内一直延续不断的动作He had us laughing all through the meals.1. I’ve had my radio ____ so soon because my father had me ____ it. A. repair; done B. repaired; do C. repairing; do D. repaired; done2. You can’t have the horse ____ all the way. It’s too hot.A. runB. to runC. runningD. to be running3. Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had ____ went wrong again.A. itB. it repairedC. repairedD. to be repaired4. We will have you ____(know) that the machine has been made ____(work) at full speed.答案:1.B 2.C 3.C 4.know， to work1. 用形容词作宾语补足语出去时，不要关门。
宾语补足语的用法宾补的定义有些与物动词带了宾语后还需要有一个补足成分才能使句子完整，这个补足成分就叫做宾语补足语。
用来说明宾语的行为、特征、状态、身份等。
宾语和宾补一起构成复合宾语。
主要有下面几种类型：1.名词〔或代词〕+名词She found him a very clever boy.2. 名词〔或代词〕+形容词He had a strange way of making his class lively and interesting.3. 名词〔或代词〕+副词或介词短语Last Sunday I saw you out with your sister.To her surprise, she found herself in a different world.4. 名词〔或代词〕+分词〔分词短语〕I saw him doing his homework when I passed his window.I was absent-minded when I heard my name called.注意：在用现在分词或不定式作宾语补足语的动词中，有些只能用现在分词作宾语补足语；有些只能用不定式作宾语补足语；还有的动词既能用现在分词又可用不定式作宾语补足语：1〕、只能用现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有：catch, keep, mind, prevent, stop(阻止)等。
She caught her son smoking a cigarette.His words started me thinking.2〕、只能用不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：wish, desire, expect, love, prefer, trust, encourage, let, allow, permit, mean, lead, bring, put, hurry, cause, remind, ask, invite, beg, request, worry, advise, persuade, call on, tell, order, command, require, make, force, drive, forbid, warn, help, teach, show, assist, report, bear, wait for, think, take, know, judge, consider, suppose, believe, allow, prove, declare等。
第2讲非谓语动词做宾补的归纳教学目标：在前面非谓语动词单项选择的基础上，进行理论和实践的提高，争取在综合能力上有所突破。
第一部分：非谓语动词做宾补的情形和考点一：分词、不定式做宾语补足语的区别1.感官动词see,watch,observe,look at, hear, listen to ,notice等和使役动词have后面的宾补有两种情况：①当宾语与宾语补足语这个动作之间存在逻辑上的主动关系时，需用不带to的动词不定式或者现在分词doing。
前者表动作已完成，后者表动作正在进行。
如：I heard her sing an Englihs song just now.(主动，完成)I heard her singing an English song when I passed by.(主动，进行)②当宾语与宾语补足语之间存在逻辑上的被动关系时，需用过去分词或现在分词的被动形态being done（前者表完成或者没有具体的时间性，而后者表示正在进行）如：I heard an English song being sung when I passed by the room.I want to have my hair cut.(被动，没有具体的时间性)一定注意：不及物动词的过去分词不表被动，只表示这个动作处于完成状态。
如：I looked down at my neck and found my necklace gone.(表完成)I was surprised to find my hometown changed so much .(不是说被改变，而是说变化已然产生了，注意这个change是不及物动词，如the world is always changing.一样)2.使役动词let后加复合宾语时，当宾语与宾语补足语在逻辑上为主动关系时，需用不带to的动词不定式；当宾语与宾语补足语在逻辑上为被动关系时，宾语补足语用“be + 过去分词“；如：Don’t let your child play with matches.Let there be no mistake about it.Let the work be done immediately.3.leave后接非谓语动词做补足语的时候，意思为“使…处于某种状态”搭配有：①leave sb doing sth.②Leave sth. undone,unfinished,unsettled,untouched③ Leave sb. to do sth.④ Leave sth. to be done如：It’s bad for you to leave the A/C working all night.The guests left most of the dishes untouched.He left, leaving me to do all the rest work.We hurriedly ended our meeting, leaving many problems to be settled.4.have, get后面接非谓语动词做宾语补足语时，意思为“使，让，叫”搭配有：①have/get sth. done (让某事由别人去做，让别人帮做某事)如：I’ll have/get my bike repaired tomorrow.②Have sth.done “使遭受…”如：Jack had his leg broken in a match.③Have sb/sth. doing 让…持续地做某事④Get sb./sth. doing 使…开始行动起来如：After a rest, the officer got the soldiers moving to the front.一定注意：have sb. doing 若是用在否定句中，have意思是“容忍”如：I won’t have you speaking to your dad like that.⑤have sb. do sth.Get sb. to do sth. 叫某人去做某事如：My mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt.二：下列动词后跟带to的不定式做补语Advise sb. to do, allow sb. to do, ask sb. to do,beg sb. to do,cause sb. to do,encourage sb. to do,expect sb. to do,forbid sb. to do, force sb. to do,get sb. to do, intend sb. to do, invite sb. to do,like sb. to do,love sb. to do,order sb. to do, persuade sb. to do, prefer sb. to do, require sb. to do, teach sb. to do, tell sb. to do, want sb. to do, warn sb. to do, wish sb. to do, think sb. to do, wait for sb. to do, call on sb. to do, depend on sb. to do,等等。
