211华南理工大学2012年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷（请在答题纸上做答，试卷上做答无效，试后本卷必须与答题纸一同交回）科目名称：翻译硕士英语适用专业：英语笔译（专硕）本卷满分：100分共页Part I. Vocabulary and Grammar (30 points, 1 point for each)Directions: After each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Select the only one choice that best completes the statement. Write your answers on your answer sheet.1.Economics applies directly to how we earn our income and ________.A. how to spend our moneyB. how we spend our moneyC. the way we spend our moneyD. the way our money is spent2.The product must be priced ________ it competes effectively with rival products in thesame market.A. as suchB. in such a wayC. so thatD. so3.I ________ be late for that important meeting than leave this injured old woman here.A. had betterB. would ratherC. may as wellD. should just4.________ he ________ that it was to be the president’s last press conference, he wouldhave filmed the occasion.A. Should…knowB. If…knowsC. Had…knownD. Were…known5.It wasn’t until he turned the corner that he realized that he ________ tailed.A. wasB. beingC. would beD. was being6.As a senior professor she should have known better _______ to get involved in such ascandal.A. and notB. but notC. thanD. than not7.The health department inspector recommended that all outdoor food stores at the gateof the school ________.A. closed downB. close downC. be closed downD. would be closed down8.The application was blank except for ________ Michael had filled in his name.A. whereB. whatC. howD. which9.Cultural values may be defined as assumptions shared by the members of a society________ is right or wrong.A. as to whatB. about whateverC. on whatD. concerning things that10.Some scientists think that trial-and-error methods help to show how intelligent________.A. is an animalB. an animal isC. will an animal beD. an animal will be11.We can’t _______ examinations altogether unless we can come up with a better way toevaluate the students.A. do awayB. do away ofC. do away withD. do away from12.The sudden bankruptcy of these financial giants threw the investors ________ andcaused them to ________.A. in a panic, stampedeB. in pain, panicC. in confusion, hold their stocksD. in despair, withdraw gradually13.He did everything possible to whip up some support for his decision to________ moremoney to his favorite project.A. allowB. spendC. divideD. allot14.At that time he kept telling us that final victory was just ________. His optimism savedus from despair.A. at the cornerB. around the cornerC. on the cornerD. in the corner15.If he should fail to ________ the project to a successful close in time, he would beseverely reprimanded.A. bringB. takeC. carryD. put16.After he ________ power, he was no longer satisfied to be a president. He wanted tobe a king.A. grippedB. grabbedC. seizedD. grasped17.His sudden blindness ________ him ________ the joy of seeing the beautiful world.A. robbed; ofB. deprived; withC. robbed; offD. denied; of18.This terrible event ________ of the president, and he ________ all his appointments.A. drew hold of; called offB. occupied all the attention;dismissedC. demanded all the attention; laid asideD. took complete hold; cancelled19.Starting around 7000 B.C., and for the next four thousand years, much of the NorthernHemisphere ____ temperatures warmer than at present.A. with experience ofB. experiencedC. experiencingD. experience20.The meeting took on a different ____after his moving speech.A. presageB. postureC. travestyD. trauma21.After ________ deliberation, the foreman announced that the jury had reached averdict.A. 10-minutes ofB. 10 minutes ofC. 10 minute’sD. 10-minute22.________ is always the case, the darkest hour comes before the dawn.A. ThatB. ItC. AsD. What23.We have a long way to go ________ we can invent truly intelligent machines.A. beforeB. ifC. thatD. when24.Chocolate comes from cocoa beans, ________ the seeds of the cacao tree.A. that isB. that areC. which isD. which are25.I know she didn’t pass the qualifying exam, but really she’s ________ but stupid.A. anyB. nothingC. anythingD. something26.Even though we may not notice them, computers are all around us and affect manyparts of our ________ life.A. every dayB. everydayC. every day’sD. everyday’s27.Because we are by nature social animals, we need other people ________ we needfood, water and shelter.A. such asB. just asC. as suchD. as if28.If inflation continues to rise at the present rate, ten percent of the population ________hard to make ends meet.A. would findB. found itC. findsD. will find it29.She spoke for the ________ that they three had all lost the ________ to work duringthe spring break and they needed a good long rest.A. team; desireB. group; interestC. company; inclinationD. gang; intention30.Only hotel guests have the ________ of using the private beach.A. occasionB. possibilityC. privilegeD. allowancePart II. Reading Comprehension (40 points)Section 1 Multiple choice questions (16points, 2 points for each)Directions: In this section there are 2 reading passages followed by multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then write your answers on your answer sheet. Passage 1“Can we speak of the death of the university?” an English newspaper recently asked. Another offered the diagnosis: “Still breathing”. Not only at this seminar, here and now, but all over the world the future of the universities is now being discussed. This is not only because we are entering a new century. Many people are asking whether the traditional research universities in fact have any future at all. This doubt seems mainly due to the development of the new technology, the massification of the universities, the idea of life-long learning, the growing competition from other learning institutions ⎯ and may also because of the strong specialization that we are now experiencing in most fields of research. Many experts predict the death of universities as we know them today, with a campus.I am an optimist, and I have become even more of an optimist having listened to the speakers today. I believe in the magic of the campus! I believe that the universities will be able to enjoy a very bright future as intellectual power centers in a world in which society is calling out increasingly loudly for more knowledge.But if we are to continue to live as intellectual power centers, the universities cannot sit passively letting development take their course. We must know what sort of university we want in the future. Many battles have been lost because of the lack of any goal. We must also have a strategy and a policy for how we are to achieve our vision. This means that the university must actively relate to the great challenges we are now being faced with, and we must develop our ability and will for renewal. Yet we must do this at the same time as we stand by the fundamental values that make us a university: that is our independence.I see it as one of the most important tasks for a university president to work for the greatest possible spirit of community in the university, and for the university to be an integrated institution and not simply a number of facilities or departments linked together in some kind of formal organization or strategic alliance. Only then can we defend the use of the name “university”.31. According to the first paragraph, the traditional research universities ________.A. have a very bright future before themB. are faced with a very difficult situationC. are becoming a hot topic of all kinds of peopleD. are about to disappear from people’s vision32. In the author’s opinion, people are worried about the future of the universities becauseof the following reasons EXCEPT ________.A. there is strong competition from other educational institutionsB. universities cannot obtain enough financial backupC. a lot of research fields are thought to be too much specializedD. many universities have been established33. The author is optimistic about the future of universities because ________.A. he has listened to many speakersB. he thinks that universities are powerfulC. universities can satisfy the growing need of society for more knowledgeD. he thinks universities can work magic by themselves34. We can infer from the passage that it is a ________.A. report intended for government officialsB. research paper concerning educational policiesC. speech delivered at a meetingD. lecture by a professor to his students35. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. The faculties and departments in the universities should maintain their ownindependence.B. Universities must take the initiative to develop themselves.C. In order to survive, universities must meet the challenges and solve the difficulties infront of them.D. Lack of proper plans may lead to the failure of many projects.Passage 2Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers. The price system of the United States is a very complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of services, including labor, professional transportation, and public-utility services. The interrelationships of all these prices make up the "system" of prices. The price of any particular product of service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else. If one were to ask a group of randomly selected individuals to define "price", many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a product or service or, in other words, that price is the money value of a product or service as agreed upon in a market transaction. This definition is, of course, valid as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particulartransaction, much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, the credit terms and discounts that supply to the transaction, guarantees on the product or service, delivery terms return privileges, and other factors. In other words, both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that comprise the total "package" being exchanged for the asked—— for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given price.36. According to the passage, the price system is related primarily to _______.A. labor and educationB. transportation and insuranceC. utilities and repairsD. products and services37. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a factor in completeunderstanding of price?A. Instructions that come with a product.B. The quantity of a product.C. The quality of a product.D. Warranties that cover a product.38. The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses _______.A. unusual ways to advertise productsB. types of payment plans for serviceC. theories about how products affect different levels of societyD. how certain elements of price "package" influence its market valueSection 2 Answering questions (24 points, 2 points for each)Directions: Read the following passage and then answer IN COMPLETE SENTENCES the questions following it. Use the only information from the passage you have read and write your answers in the corresponding space on your ANSWER SHEET.Passage 3[1]Put a jaguar, a bear, a tiger and a panda together and you might get a good show but you won’t get a quiet life.[2]The Bric grouping---Brazil, Russia, India and China---has become a shorthand for the rise of emerging markets in the global economy. And after a rather stellar decade, the Brics mainly had a good crisis from which they are now rapidly exiting.[3]Goldman Sachs, the financial group that invented the category, reckons that China may well become the world’s largest economy before 2030. Collectively, the Bric economies could well surpass output in the Group of Seven wealthy nations---which have dominated the management of the global economy---by 2032.[4]The brics already have a bigger share of world trade than the US. China, probably the world’s biggest goods exporter last year, has been supplemented by India’s software and back-office exports, Russia’s oil and gas and the domination of a number of agricultural commodity markets by Brazil’s super-competitive farmers.[5]While equities in G7 countries were struggling to stay in positive territory during the past five or so years, the Bric share prices, albeit with a steep drop and rapid recovery during the global financial crisis, finished the decade more than twice as high as in 2005. Bric equity indices have emerged; Bric funds have sprung up for investors to pile into the sector.[6]So as the world emerges from recession, is this a transformational moment when the center of gravity in the global economy and its governance decisively shifts? Is this a pivot point such as the second world war, where the confident, innovative US muscled aside the weakened, debt-laden economies of Europe and remade the global financial architecture? And, most immediately, are Bric consumers up to the task of rebalancing the world economy by supplanting their acquisitive American counterparts?[7]The most likely answer is: not yet. Not only are the Brics such a disparate group that almost any generalization is problematic, but China, the dominant member of the quartet, still seems wedded to an economic model dependent on demand elsewhere.[8] “The so-called emerging economies, even some like Bangladesh, are undoubtedly players on the global stage,” said Jean-Pierre Lehmann, professor of political economy at the IMD management school in Lausanne, Switzerland. “But I don’t see any great cataclysm in the next 10 years, nor the center of finance definitely moving east.”[9]Like a boy band or a street gang, the Brics might almost have been chosen for their disparate abilities rather than their similarities. China’s size and openness to trade give it as much economic clout as the rest put together: Markus Jager, of Deutsche Bank, calls the hypercompetitive manufacturing exporter “the 800lb panda in the room” . India, similar in population but poorer and economically more insular, is chiefly notable to investors and trading patterns for its software and business services. Brazil, despite a sprinkling of manufactures, remains one of the world’s most efficient agro-exporters; Russia, after feebler attempts to diversify, essentially just sells oil and gas.[10]The story of their rapid progress is familiar but still dramatic. A decade ago, only one had an investment-grade credit ratting; now all do. Only 12 years ago, a Russian debt default and Brazilian currency crisis rocked the world economy; today, they have accumulated vast foreign exchange reserves.[11]The Brics contributed about half of global growth between 2000---2008 sharply higher than in the previous decade. Yet along with this growth has come an unbalancing of the global economy.[12]A Chinese growth model based on heavy investment and exports has accompanied vast current-account surplus across east Asia, matched by a current-account deficit in the US. And despite doings its bit to keep economic growth going during the crisis, it is far from clear that the Middle Kingdom has effected a shift towards consumer demand that a true engine of world growth would achieve.[13]With a great flourish, Beijing announced a $585bn stimulus package in November2008 and loosened bank credit. But its ability to create self-sustaining growth was suspect. Rather than handing out cash to consumers to get them spending---a move that might also have encouraged imports---a large chunk of the stimulus went into the old favorite, fixed investment. “If global demand does not recover in time or the stimulus measures fail to stir the animal spirits, China may end up creating overcapacity,” said Jagar.[14]Razeen Sally, a trade expert at the London School of Economics, said: “The Chinese interventions had the effect of reinforcing existing problems and imbalances. We are going to see a lot of excess capacity in export-oriented industries like steel at exactly the wrong time.”[15]The repegging of the renminbi against the dollar in 2008, after three years when it was allowed to crawl higher, has also done nothing to shift the Chinese economy from exports to consumer demand. The effect of that decision is multiplied by the copycat actions of many emerging-market countries holding their own currencies down lest they lose competitiveness to China.[16]Indeed, although the worldwide reduction in consumer demand had cut the absolute level of China’s current-account surplus during the crisis, with fewer ships carrying toys and iPods out of Shenzhen and Shanghai, China continued to gain market share abroad. The International Monetary Fund and others reckon that the apparent rebalancing of the global economy over the past year is temporary. When demand picks up, so will Chinese exports, along with the old surpluses and deficits.[17]Despite pockets of profligacy, if anything, China’s has become less rather than more of a consumer economy in the past decade. Its overall savings rate grew over the decade. Although much of this rise reflected corporate savings, household savings rose, too, and a greater share of national income went to companies rather than consumers in the first place.[18]A survey last year by the McKinsey Global Institute backed up what many economists have long argued: that the lack of a social safety net is one of the main reasons that Chinese households save. The top three reasons given were: educational needs, security in case of illness and caring for parents. Changing deep-seated structural factors such as this will not be quick. Nor will it be achieved simply by letting the renminbi rise.[19]As for the other Brics, whose trend growth rate is slower than China’s, they are unlikely to have a noticeable effect on global demand for some time. Although growth in Brazil and India held up well during the crisis, the former is a relatively mature economy with less scope for rapid growth; the latter an underperformer with a chronic public finance problem and a household savings rate even higher than China’s. Meanwhile, Russia, whose economy contracted sharply during the global recession, still depends on oil prices.[20]A decade of rapid growth is not enough for the Brics to seize the baton of global economic leadership from the US and western Europe. The grouping, or some of them, may have astonished the world with their progress over the past 10 years. But it will require a qualitative improvement as well as more growth to consolidate that shift of power.39. Find in paragraph[7] and any other paragraph two synonyms of “Brazil, Russia, India and China” as a group.40. What are the main reasons to group Brazil, Russia, India and China as a new economic category?41. Find a metonymy in paragraph[15] and a metaphor in paragraph[12].42. What is the particular reason for Chinese households to save money ?43. Why the consumer economy remained weak in China?44. In paragraph[5], what does “equity” mean?45. In paragraph[7], what is the inside meaning of “…that any generalization isproblematic” ?46. Paraphrase “China’s size and openness to trade give it as much economic clout as the rest put together”. (Paragraph [9])47. List two reasons for the statement “A decade of rapid growth is not enough for the Brics to seize the baton of global economic leadership from the US and western Europe”.48. Use one short sentence to summarize paragraph [6].49. What is strong with Brazil as one of the Brics?50. According to the article, do you see any great cataclysm in the next 10 years in terms of the center of finance?Part III. Writing (30 points)51. First read the following Chinese report, and then write an essay of about 400 words in English. You are supposed to have a title for your writing. Write your essay on your ANSWER SHEET.2011年10月13日下午5时30分许，一出惨剧发生在佛山南海黄岐广佛五金城：年仅两岁的女童小悦悦（本名王悦）走在巷子里，被一辆面包车两次碾压，几分钟后又被一小型货柜车碾过。
