下载文档原格式
2019新人教高中英语必修一Unit 1 language points 单元词汇、句型教案Teaching aims:1.Master the usage of such important words and expressions as challenge,confused,fluent,graduate,recommend,responsible,responsibility,sign up (for),make the team,be well prepared(for) etc;learn to express yourself by using them.2.Learn the method of constructing knowledge trees through self-study &cooperative exploration.3.Enjoy the fun of expressing yourself using English and participate in the class with passion.Teaching key and difficult points:1.Help students to learn the following:challenge,recommend,responsible, make the team, and be well prepared(for).2.Exercises are expected to assist students to express themselves freely in English.3.How to use the words and phrases in real situations.Teaching procedures:StepⅠSelf-directed studyT: In this class we will learn the important words and expressions and their usages in this unit. First, it’s self-study time. Please observe the example sentences in the sheet and try to find out the meaning or usage of the underlined words or phrases by referring to the dictionary or reference books. Make a mark where you can’t understand. Then, 15 minutes later, we’ll see who is the best self-learner. Please begin now.StepⅠPresentationT: Time is up. Let’s see how to learn the words and expressions one by one.（红色为学生填写部分）1.【教材原句】Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really bigchallenge.从初中过渡到高中真是一项巨大的挑战。
英语语言学知识点英语语言学是英语语言文学专业培养计划中的一门基础必修课，接下来店铺为你整理了英语语言学知识点，一起来看看吧。
英语语言学知识点：定义1.语言学LinguisticsLinguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language.2.普通语言学General LinguisticsThe study of language as a whole is often called General linguistics.3.语言languageLanguage is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication.语言是人类用来交际的任意性的有声符号体系。
4.识别特征Design FeaturesIt refers to the defining poperties of human language that distinguish it from any animal system of communication.语言识别特征是指人类语言区别与其他任何动物的交际体系的限定性特征。
Arbitrariness任意性Productivity多产性Duality双重性Displacement移位性Cultural transmission文化传递⑴arbitrarinessThere is no logical connection between meanings and sounds.P.S the arbitrary nature of language is a sign of sophistication and it makes it possible for language to have an unlimited sourceof expressions⑵ProductivityAnimals are quite limited in the messages they are able to send.⑶DualityLanguage is a system, which consists of two sets of structures ,or two levels.⑷DisplacementLanguage can be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker.⑸Cultural transmissionHuman capacity for language has a genetic basis, but we have to be taught and learned the details of any language system. this showed that language is culturally transmitted. not by instinct. animals are born with the capacity to produce the set of calls peculiar to their species.5.语言能力CompetenceCo mpetence is the ideal user’s knowledge of the rules of his language.6.语言运用performancePerformance is the actual realization of this knowledge in linguistic communication.语言运用是所掌握的规则在语言交际中的体现。
英语语⾔学笔记1-何兆熊第⼀章Chapter 1 Invitations to LinguisticsTeaching aims: let the students have the general idea about language and linguistics.Teaching difficulties: design features of language ; some important distinctions in linguistics Teaching procedures1. languageWhy study language?为什么学习语⾔A tool for communication交流的⼯具An integral part of our life and humanity ⼈类⽣活和⼈性中不可或缺的⼀部分.If we are not fully aware of the nature and mechanism of our language, we will be ignorant of what constitutes our essential humanity.如果不能完全理解语⾔的本质和结构,我们就会对⼈类的本质⼀⽆所知.What is language?什么是语⾔different senses of language 语⾔的不同意义1. what a person says( concrete act of speech)a person‘s consistent way of speaking or writinga particular level of speaking or writing e.g. colloquial languagean abstract system2. A webster‘s New Dictionrary offers a frequently used sense of the word ―language‖:a. human speech ⼈类的⾔语b. the ability to communicate by this means 通过⾔语来交流的能⼒c. a system of vocal sounds and combinations of such sounds to which meaning is attributed,used for the expression or communication of thoughts and feelings; ⽤来表达或交流思想和感觉的⼀套声⾳及这些声⾳互相结合的系统d. the written representation of such a system 系统的⽂字表达3. the barest of definition, language is a means of verbal communication.最简洁的定义:语⾔是⾔语交流的⼀种⽅式.Language is instrumental in that communicating by speaking or writing is a purposeful act. It is social and conventional in that language is a social semiostic and communication canonly take place effectively if all the users share a broad understanding of human interactionincluding such associated factors as nonverbal cues, motivation, and socio-cultural roles.Language distinguishes us from animals.因为说和写的交流⽅式是⼀种有⽬的的⾏为,所以语⾔是实⽤性的;因为语⾔是社会符号,语⾔的交流只能在所有参与者⼴泛理解了⼈类的那些⾮⾔语的暗⽰,动机,社会⽂化⾓⾊等等互相关联的因素之后才能有效进⾏,因此语⾔⼜是社会的,约定俗成的.语⾔使⼈类区别于动物.definitionsLanguage is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication.What is communication?A process in which information is transmitted from a source (sender or speaker) to a goal (receiveror listener).A system----since elements in it are arranged according to certain rules systematically, rather thanrandomly. They cannot be arranged at will. e.g. He the table cleaned. (×) bkli (×) Why do we say language is arbitrary? Arbitrary----there is no intrinsic (logic) connection between a linguistic form and its meaning, between the sounds that people use and the objects to which these sounds refer. Thisexplains and is explained by the fact that different language have different words for thesame object, it is good illustration of the arbitrary nature of language . it is only our tacitagreement of utterance and concept at work and not any innate relationship bound upin the utterance. A typical example to illustrate the arbitrary of language is a famousquotation from shakepeare‘s play:‖ Romeo and Juliet: A rose by any other name wouldsmell as sweet.⼀朵玫瑰不管它叫什么名字,闻起来都是⼀样⾹的.Symbols----words are just the symbols associated with objects, actions, and ideas by nothing but convention. Namely, people use the sounds or voval forms to symbolize what they wishto refer to.Vocal-------- the primary medium for all languages is sound, no matter how well developed their writing systems are. Writing systems came much later than the spoken forms. The factthat small children learn and can only learn to speak and listen before they write or readalso indicates that language is primarily vocal, rather than written.Writing systems came into being much later than the spoken forms.People with little or no literacy can also be competent language users.Human ----language is human-specific.Human beings have different kinds of brains and vocal capacity.―Language Acquisition Device‖(LAD)⼆.What characteristics of langauge do you think should be included in a good ,comprenhensive definition of language? Language is a rule-governed system; langauge is basically vocal; langauge is arbitrary ; langague is used for human communication.1.3 Design features of language 语⾔的结构特征Design features------ refers to the defining properties of human language that distinguish it from any animal system of communication. They are arbitrariness, duality, creativity/ productivity, displacement, clutural transmission and interchangeability.Design features----- are features that define our human languages,such asarbitrariness,duality,creativity,displacement,cultural transmission,etc.(指决定了⼈类语⾔性质的特征.例如任意性,⼆重性,创造性,移位性,⽂化转移性等.)The American linguist Charles Hockett specified twelve design features.What is arbitrariness?任意性a. arbitrariness【'ɑ?b?tr?r?n?s】----arbitrariness(任意性): one design feature of humanlanguage,which refers to the fact that the forms of linguistic signs bear no naturalrelationship to their meaning.(⼈类语⾔的本质特征之⼀,指语⾔符号的形式与意义之间没有⾃然的联系.)It was discussed by Saussure first.The link between them is a matter of convention.E.g. ―house‖ uchi (Japanese)Mansion (French)房⼦(Chinese)(1) arbitrary between the sound of a morpheme and its meaning语⾔的⾳和义之间的任意性a. By ―arbitrary‖, we mean there is no logical connection between meanings and sounds. 语⾔的意义和语⾳之间没有逻辑关系。
吉林省长春八中2024届高三适应性调研考试英语试题注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0．5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．---Don’t worry, Mum. The doctor said it was only the flu.--- __________! I’ll tell dad there’s nothing serious.A．Congratulations B．What a reliefC．How surprising D．I’m so sorry2．—Shall we go to the seven o’clock performance or the eight?— _____suits you fine.A．Whatever B．Whichever C．Whenever D．Wherever3．Oh！I can feel something _____ up my leg！It must be an insect．A．to climb B．climbingC．climb D．climbed4．Why are some brands more popular than others ______ the products are of similar quality?A．as though B．even if C．so that D．in case5．So difficult____it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.A．I did find B．didI findC．I have found D．have I found6．New policies, _______ to insure that compulsory education is truly free, ________ by the local government across China since the start of school on September 1.A．intending; have been made known B．intended; have been made knownC．intending; are made known D．intended; had made known7．The old road is indeed less direct and a bit longer. We won’t take the new one, _______, as we don’t feel safe on it. A．somehow B．otherwise C．therefore D．though8．We packed all the books in the wooden boxes_______ they wouldn’t get damaged.A．as long as B．as ifC．in case D．so that9．－Did Tom go back late last night?—No. It was just nine o'clock he arrived home.A．when B．after C．until D．that10．--Whenever you want a good meal, come to my restaurant and eat for free.--Believe me. That is an ________ I will not refuse.A．approach B．offerC．idea D．instruction11．________ to her own work，she spent little time with her familyA．Devoting B．To be devotedC．Devoted D．Having devoted12．—What has made him in such high spirits recently?—_____ by his teacher for succeeding passing the exam.A．Being praised B．PraisedC．Having praised D．To praise13．----What happened to the young trees we planted last week？---The trees_____________ well，but I didn't water them.A．might grow B．needn't have grownC．would grow D．would have grown14．Mr. Smart is believed to be a capable person, who is equal_____ charge of the company very well.A．to take B．to taking C．to be taken D．taking15．—You’ve agreed to go, so why aren’t you getting ready?—But I ________ that I was expected to set off at once.A．don’t realize B．didn’t realizeC．haven’t realized D．hadn’t realized16．I ____ about what you’ve said and I’ve decided to take your advice．A．thought B．have been thinkingC．was thinking D．was thinking17．It is widely acknowledged that students should be ____________ in terms of overall quality.A．supported B．matchedC．evaluated D．controlled18．----- Hi, Mark. How was the musical evening?----- Excellent! Ales and Andy performed _________ and they won the firs prize.A．skillfully B．commonly C．willingly D．nervously19．The church which is easily ________ from my home is being rebuilt.A．accessible B．availableC．acceptable D．responsible20．A proposal was put forward at the meeting __________ the new cement plant shouldn’t be built near the school. A．when B．whereC．that D．which第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
