- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
The majority of today’s global phosphate rock production is used in agricultural products and/or applications, mainly in fertilizers (Cisse and Mrabet, 2004).
Current Distribution
North America
Considerable reserves Large production Lack of high-quality p-rock
Asia (China)
High-level production Exceeding consumption
Cisse, L., and Mrabet, T. (2004). World phosphate production: overview and prospects. Phosphorus Research Bulletin , 15, 21–25.
INTRODUCTION
Depletion of Phosphorus
Food industry Household applications Metal surface treatment Corrosion inhibition Flame retardants
Muller, J., Reinhardt, M., G¬unther, L., Dockhorn, T., Dichtl, N., Urban, I., Weichgrebe, D., Rosenwinkel, K.H., Bayerle, N., and Vesterager, N.O. (2005). Fundamentals and feasibility of nutrient recycling using the
Morocco
Most important Producer Low-level consumption
Figure 1. Global production and Consumption of phosphorus (data from U.S. Geological survey, 2012; IFA, 2012).
P
Phosphorus Recovery Techniques
PART ONE Introduction PART TWO Reserves Situation PART THREE Techs for P-Recovery PART FOUR Discussion
Байду номын сангаас
CONTENTS
PART ONE
However, natural P resources (phosphate rock) are depleting. And the regulations on the discharge of phosphorus has been increasingly stringent (Steen, 1998).
The potential techniques to recover phosphorus from waste streams in view of enhancing the availability needs to be explored.
Existing full-scale P-recovery techniques can be divided due to its field among the liquid phase, sludge phase, and sludge ash.
seaborne process. Conference on the Management of Residues Emanating from Water and Wastewater Treatment, Johannesburg, South-Africa.
RERESERVES SITUATION
Although the full-scale P-recovery techniques have been shown to be technologically feasible, the economical feasibility, legislation and national policies are the major reasons why these techniques are not yet operational worldwide.
Steen, I. (1998). Phosphorus availability in 21st century: management of a nonrenewable resource. Phosphorus and Potassium , 217, 25–31.
PART TWO
RERESERVES SITUATION
RERESERVES SITUATION
The Utilization of Phosphorus
Agricultural Fertilizer industry Applications
Pesticides Animal fees supplements
Non-Agricultural Applications
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
What is Phosphorus？
Phosphorus is a nonmetal of the nitrogen group and is essential for all life on our planet.
Phosphate rock/phosphorite and are geological deposits of phosphate existing all over the world: sedimentary and igneous phosphate rock deposits.
