中英文化差异——颜色
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从颜色词看中英文化差异
摘 要
我们生活在五彩缤纷、五颜六色的世界中,颜色的多样性造成了与之相对应的颜色词的丰富多彩。颜色词除了可以表示最基本的大自然绚丽色彩的意义以外,在某种程度上也体现了人类的一些价值观和审美观。在这种情况下,颜色词已不单纯是表示客观颜色的指称意义了,而是被赋予了不同的象征意义,而不同文化背景的人们对颜色的感知和审美体验是同中有异,异中有同。
本文将选取几个典型的颜色词来分析颜色词在中英文化中所存在的共性和差异性,探讨形成这种差异性的各种原因,并浅略讲述其对跨文化沟通、交流的影响及解决办法。
关键词:颜色词 联想意义 文化差异 跨文化交际
Chinese and English Cultural Differences Reflected in the Color
Terms
Abstract
As we live in a colorful world, the diversity of colors results in the diversity of the
equivalent color terms. Apart from expressing the most basic colors in the nature, colors, to
some extent, represent some values and aesthetics of the mankind. In this case, color terms no
longer merely express the designative meaning of the objective colors. They are given
different symbolic meanings. People with different cultural background have different
英汉文化中颜色词使用的差异
11级语言三班 1140501347 谭红
摘要:This multicolored world is full of floweriness. When people are
enjoying the beautiful scene of nature, they created many words to
describe color. People formed a rich association about color. Different
colors have different meanings, or symbolized meanings. The associating
meaning of color words is the result of reflection from one field to
another. Because of the common sense of people and their similar way of
thinking. People with different cultural background are almost same in
apperceive and taste. That is to say, the associating meaning of color
has its common points. Because of the difference in custom, environment,
way of thinking, religious belief and nationalism. The color words are
inevitably endowed with its culture. Therefore, the associating meaning
中英文化中词语颜色的差异
文化差异又是跨文化交际中的一个主要障碍,所以了解这些文化差异,对语言学习者而言十分重要。
英汉颜色词的文化差异表现
·历史传统的差异
在英国人心目中,白色是上帝、天使、幸福、纯洁的象征。“西方人举行婚礼时,新娘要穿白色的婚纱,这源自于英国国家的宗教故事,magi和draids在基督复活时穿着白色的衣服。因此,白色在西方国家被广泛地用在婚礼上。而白色在中国则是丧色。自古以来亲人死后家属要穿白色孝服,办“白事”,胸襟上别着白色的小花,以此表达对死去亲人的哀悼和敬意。
红色在中华民族的传统中是一种喜庆色,象征着吉祥、如意,使人联想到幸福与健康。过新年时贴上红对联,举行婚礼时新娘都要穿上红色喜服,墙上、门上、窗上都贴上红喜字,客人送的礼金或长辈给的红包,都要用红纸包着,结婚后生了孩子,有些地方还要向亲朋好友送红鸡蛋,以示喜庆。但在以英语为母语的英美民族中,红色则意味着流血、恐怖和危险,甚至会使人联想到淫荡、低级趣味。如:现代西方城市有很多red light district(红灯区),英语中的scarlet有“鲜红的、淫荡的、罪名昭彰”之意。
由此可见,因历史传统的不同,英汉两民族对待颜色的态度也大相径庭,中国文化尚红轻白,而英美文化则重白轻红。
·民族心理的差异
民族心理就像一条幽暗的地下长流,涌动在一个民族意识的岩层里,流贯在该民族的血脉中。中西方人们的心理因素及看待问题的方式,往往存在着种种差异。英汉民族中,不同的颜色词可能用于描述同一种物质的客观表象。英语说black tea,汉语说“红茶”。为什么同样的一种茶被描述成了不同的颜色?英国人着眼于茶叶的颜色,称其为“黑”,而中国人则着眼于茶水的颜色,称其为“红”,这是由于两民族之间观察事物的角度不同,看似矛盾的东西,其实并不矛盾。再如,yellow(黄色)一词,黄色在中国封建社会里是法定的尊色,象征着皇权、辉煌和崇高。黄色乃是“帝王之色”——古老中国的象征。具有这种文化心理的人便很难想象,在英语文化里,黄色往往有忧郁、病态、令人讨厌、胆小的涵义。如:yellow-bellied(胆怯的),a yellow streak(生性怯懦),yellow
常见的颜色在中西方文化中的差异
摘要:在人类的语言中,存在着大量有关颜色的词汇,如黑色、白色、红色、黄色等。语言作为文化的载体,体现了不同文化的异同。但由于民俗、地域以及价值观等文化背景的不同,英汉两个民族对各种颜色在视觉上和心理上所产生的联想、象征的意义也不尽相同,这就使得中西方民族在颜色词的具体使用和理解上存在差异,造成了文化的误读。为了区分它们的异同,减少跨文化交际中出现的误解,本文将分析中西方主要颜色词语的象征意义。
关键词: 颜色 象征意义 文化背景 跨文化
Abstract:In the human language, there are a lot of words about color, such as
black, white, red, yellow and so on. As the carrier of culture, language reflects the
similarities and differences of different cultures. But due to the cultural background
distinction on folkways, area and the value, the associative and symbolic significance
forming in visual and psychological differs from Chinese to English people, which
makes the western ethnic difference in the color of the word and the specific use of
the understanding, so cultural misreading is caused. In order to distinguish their