英美文化概论提纲
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英美⽂化概论提纲
Unit 1 a brief introduction to the united kingdom 1
⼀ a brief introduction1．全称 The United Kingdom of Great Britain and northern Ireland--P17 III 1
2．构成
England London
Scotland Edinburgh
Wales Cardiff
Nothern Ireland Belfast--P17 III2
3．历史
A公元43世纪Roman
B公元7世纪Anglo –saxons 安格鲁撒克逊⼈
C 8世纪末阿尔弗雷德⼤帝King Alfred
北欧海盗D 1066年诺曼征服Normans
William of Normandy
Battle of Hastings
King Harold
4.英国内战 civil war 资产阶级⾰命
⼆Scotland1. Glasgow 最⼤城市 --P16 II 8
2. ⼤学
15世纪 ancient and international university --P17 III 11
三WalesUnlike England it did not fall to the Anglo-Saxon invaders of the 5th century --P16 II 11
名词解释London：the largest city located in the south of the country . London is dominant in the UK in all fields；government financeand culture.London is one of the top three financial centers in the world
Unit 2 a brief introduction to the united kingdom ii
Northern Ireland
1.宗教
爱尔兰⼈是天主教徒 Catholics
英国⼈是新教徒 Protestants--P33 I 62.1921年独⽴ Irish State (分⽔岭)
3.爱尔兰南部26郡成⽴⾃由邦北部6 郡仍属英国—P34 II 104 .Loyalist 民族派希望加⼊爱尔兰共和国
Unionist 联合派亲英国
5.The official IRA 倾向于政治⼿段解决–P34 III 4
The Provisional IRA 军事–P35 III 5
“The Bullet and the Ballot Box”—P35 III 10
6.区分 Sinn Fein是政党 --P33 I 8/P35 III 11,12
1919 IRA是军事团体⾮政党
7 .1973年 Power-Sharing mechanism
权利分享机制—P34 II 88.1972 “Bloody Sunday”—P34 II 7
9．1985 Anglo-Irish agreement --P33 I 9
10． Downing –Street Declaration
唐宁街宣⾔授权英军司令直接⼲预北爱治安事务
名词解释1．”Home-rule”:1914年被签署成为法律。由于⼀战爆发，北爱⾃治问题未决，1916年复活节起义，南爱不接受北爱⾃治。
法案was finally passed in 1944.the process overtaken by the WWI and was suspended(中⽌) for the durationof the war. （战争期间）2．复活节起义（The Eastern Rising of 1916）：反英起义占领了都柏林邮局宣布成⽴爱尔兰共和国，5天后被镇压。
Focing British, to retake，took over Dublin’s Post Office.
3．The Good Friday Agreement—P35 III 13 14
1998 4 10 只有爱在⼤多数⼈赞同的情况下才能改变其政治地位由爱尔兰政府英国政府北爱执⾏委员会共同管理
The agreement approved on 10 April . Unless the most people of Northern Ireland agree , Uk won’t change its political status.
It would be governed by the Republic of
Ireland , Great Britain and its own elected executive government—P33 I 11
Unit3 The government of UK
1.君主制⼒量的来源是divine right of king（君权神授）--P46 I 4
2.Magna Carta⼤宪章限制王权维护民权
3.parliament the Great Council⼤议会---P48 III 5/P46 I 6
4.1689 The Bill of Ringhts 权利法案—P48 III 6
5.Cabinet内阁定期碰⾯
6.1832 公民选举为现代政治体制奠定基础--P48 III 11
7.Britain is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy.
8.democracy are Australia,Canada,New Zealand （---head：Queen 总督Govenor-General代表⼥王权利） India
9.Parliament today consists of the Queen,the House of Lords and the House of Commons.--P48 III
10. 君主的作⽤
A.primarily to symbolise the tradition and unity of the British state 象征英国的传统与国家统⼀B.legally head of the executive,an integral part of the legislature,head of the judiciary,commander in c hief of the armedforces and “supreme governor”of the Church of England.--P47 II 8
地位：most important job was to represent Britain at home and abroad;her second most important job was to set standards ofgood citizenshi and family life.
11.The House of Commons占651MPs(席位)
名词解释1.Constitution—P49 IV 2
The statute law
The common law
conventions
2.parliament议会的功能 3点—P49 IV 3
A.pass law
B.taxation
C.srutinise government policy
Administration&expenditure&to debate the issure总统班⼦决定政事
3. The House of Lords组成—P48 II 9/P49 IV 4
Lords Spiritual the Lords Temporal
The lords mainly represent themselves instead of the interests of the public.地主阶级代表他们⾃⼰⽽不是公众的利益
4.The House of Commons—P49 IV 5
The real center of British political life.These MPs are elected in the General Elections and should represent in the interest ofthe people who vote for them.
Unit 4 politics class and race
1. vote 5年⼀次 P66 III 3
A特例 Vote of no confidence 不信任票
P66 III 4
in the House of Commons
Prime Minister decides P64 II 2
B 时间限制 strictly l imited “party electoral brosdcasts” on TV
按选票多时间多 P64 I 52. parties
A 三⼤党 Conservative party 保守党
Liberal Democarts party ⾃由民主党（先与保守⽃后来劣势）
Labour party ⼯党（最新的和保守党⽃） P66 III 7
B保守党 won 4 elections from 1979-1997 P66 III 9
其政策是individual , patecting the individual’ s right to acquire wealth and to spend it how they choose eg : low taxes P 65 I 53.政治趋势
A．1979 Conservative leader Margaret Thatcher 玛格丽特撒切尔B．三个阶级
Upper-class
Middle-class
Working-class
4.种族
South Asia,eg,India Pakistan and Sri Lanka;and Caribbean countries such as Jamaica and Trinidad
Unit5 The UK economy
1.历史
1970s 通货膨胀 inflation
1979 Thatcher privatisation 私有化
2.经济
三⼤产业 PrimarySecondary
Tertiary
Unit6 British Literature
⼀ Early Writing1.Beowulf 贝奥武夫 P99 III 1
2.The Canterbury Tales 坎特伯雷 Geoffrey Chaucer 乔叟 P99 III 2
3.King Arthur 亚瑟王
⼆ Elizabethan Drama1.三⼤代表
Marlowe马洛
Ben Jonson本琼森
William Shakespeare
2.莎⼠⽐亚四⼤悲剧
Hamlet 哈姆雷特
Othello 奥赛罗
King Lear 李尔王
Macbeth 麦克⽩ P99 III 4
三 17世纪1.Essays of Francis Bacon 培根
