2019年职称英语理工类考试模拟试题1

2019年职称英语《理工类》阅读理解练习题（1）ElectricBackpackBackpacks are convenient. They can hold your books，your lunch，and achange of clothes，leaving your hands free to do other things.Someday，if youdon't mind carrying a heavy load，your backpacks might also power your MP31player，keep yourcell phone running，and maybe even light your wayhome.Lawrence C. Rome and his colleagues from the Universityof Pennsylvania in Philadelphia2 and the Marine Biological Laboratory in WoodsHole3，Mass.4，have invented a backpackthat makes electricity from energyproduced while its wearer walks. In military actions，search-and-rescueoperations，and scientific field studies，people rely increasingly on cellphones，global positioning system (GPS) 5 receivers，night-vision goggles，andother battery powered devices to get around and do t heir work. The backpack’selectricity- generating feature could dramatically reduce the amount of awearer’s load now devoted to spare batteries，report Rome and his colleagues inthe Sept.9 Science6.The backpack’s electricity-creating powers depend onsprings used to hang a cloth pack from its metal frame.The frame sits againstthe wearer’s back，and the whole pack moves up and down as the person walks.Agear mechanismconverts vertical movements of the pack to rotary motions of anelectrical generator，producing up to 7.4 watts.Unexpectedly，tests showedthat wearers of the new backpack alter their gaits in response to thepack’soscillations，so that they carry loads morecomfortably and with less effortthan they do ordinary backpacks. Because of that surprising advantage，Rome plans to commercialize both electric and non-electric versionsof the backpack.The backpack could be especially useful forsoldiers，scientists，mountaineers，and emergency workers who typically carryheavy backpacks.For the rest of us，power-generating backpacks could make itpossible to walk，play video games，watch TV，and listen to music，all at thesametime.Electricity-generating packs aren’t on the market yet，but if you do get one eventually，just make sure to look both ways before crossing thestreet!相关词汇：backpack/5bAkpAk/n.背包 watt/wCt /n.瓦(特)receiver/ri5si：vE(r)/n.接收机 gait/eit/n.步态，步法night-visiongoggle 夜视镜 oscillation/7Csi5leiFEn/n.摆动spring/spriN /n.弹簧 commercialize/kE5mE：FElaiz/v.商业化vertical/5vE：tikEl /adj.垂直的mountaineer/7maunti5niE(r)/n.登山运动员rotary/5rEutEri /adj.旋转的练习：1. Backpacks are convenient becauseA they can be verylarge.B they can hold as many things as you want to carry.C your handsare freed to do other things.D you do not have to carry things withyou.2. What is the most important feature of the backpack invented byLawrence C.Romeand his colleagues?A It produces electricity forelectronic devices while the wearer walks.B It can be used as cellphones，GPS in the military actions or field studies.C It is small andconvenient.D It is light and easy to carry.3. The word "springs" inParagraph 3 meansA a small stream of water flowing naturally from theearth.B the season of the year，occurring between winter and summer.C the act or an instance of jumping or leaping.D a length of metal woundaround，which returns to its original shape afterbeing pushed.4. According to Paragraph 4，what does Rome plan to do?A To make the backpackmore comfortable for the wearer.B To put the backpack on the market.C To test the advantage of the backpack.D To promote the backpack in anewspaper or on television.5. What is implied in “if you do get o neeventually，just make sure to took bothways before crossing the street!”?A You will be too excited to watch the traffic.B Enjoyingelectronic devices while walking may invite traffic accidents.C It is notpossible for you to get such a backpack.D It is wise of you to have such abackpack.。

职称英语考试理工类试题及答案(1)第一部分：词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线, 请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

1.The union representative put across her argument very effectively.A explainedB inventedC consideredD accepted2.He talks tough but has a tender heart.A heavyB strongC kindD wild3.It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy.A makingB takingC discussingD expecting4.Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producing.A wasteB buyC useD sell5.The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters.A functionB abilityC powerD volume6.Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs.A tenselyB nearlyC carefullyD closely7.Her faith upheld her in times of sadness.A supportedB excitedC in spiredD directed8.The book provides a concise analysis of the country f s history.A cleanB perfectC realD brief9.It is laid down in the regulations that all members must carry their membership cards at all times.A suggestedB warnedC statedD con firmed10.The council meeting terminated at 2 o'clock.A beganB continuedC endedD resumed11.Red flag was placed there as a token of dan ger.A signB substituteC proofD target12.However bad the situation is, the majority is unwilling to risk change.A reluctantB eagerC pleasedD angry13.It has been said that the Acts provided a new course of action and did not merely regulate or enlarge an old one.A limitB controlC replaceD offset14.The secretary is expected to explore ideas for post-war reconstruction of the area.A denyB investigateC stressD create15.The steadily rising cost of labor on the waterfront has greatly increased the cost of shipping cargo by water.A graduallyB suddenlyC excessivelyD exceptionally第2部分：阅读判断（第16-22题，每题1分，共7分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。

职称英语考试历年真题详解及全真模拟试卷（理工类）- 236 -【解析】句意为：没有 汽油燃料仍然是汽油燃料。

四个选项：filled“填满的”；wasted“浪费的”；saved“节约的”；consumed“消费的，消耗的”。

此处为过去分词做后置定语，根据语法和句意，D 项符合句意。

60. 【答案】C【解析】句意为：人体可以把 能量转化为脂肪。

四个选项：useless“无用的”；enough“足够的”；excess“过剩的，多余的”；extensive“广泛的”。

61. 【答案】B【解析】句意为：当油箱 空了，汽车将不能运行。

四个选项：half“一半”；completely“完全地”；almost“几乎”；hardly“几乎不”。

62. 【答案】C【解析】句意为：因此，如果你想增加体重，你必须做到这两件事中的 。

四个选项：any“任何”；both“两者”；either“两者中的一种”；neither“两者都不”。

根据句意，C 项符合句意。

63. 【答案】A【解析】句意为：如果你想增加体重，要么多摄入卡路里， 要么通过 较少地消耗卡路里。

四个选项：inactivity“不活动，不活跃”；inattention“不注意，粗心”；cycling“骑车”；jogging“慢跑”。

64. 【答案】A【解析】句意为：如果你想减肥，你应该做 。

四个选项：reverse“相反的”；relevant“有关的，相关的”；different“不同的”；same“相同的”。

根据句意，A 项符合句意。

65. 【答案】B【解析】句意为： 办法。

四个选项：not any“没有任何”；no other“别无其他”；another“另一个”；some“一些”。

根据句意，B 项符合句意。

2019年职称英语《理工类A级》概括大意辅导练习题（1）Geology and HealthThe importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized within the past few decades， and the idea that geology might be related to health has been recognized for a number of elements such as iodine， zinc and selenium. For example， soils with low iodine contents produce crops，and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases.The ultimate source of metals within the human body is rocks， which weather into soil， gaining or losing some of their chemical constituents. The crops we eat selectively remove from the soil the elements that they require for growth. The water we drink contains trace elements leached from rock and soil. Thus the geology and geochemistry of the environments have effects on the chemistry and health of plants， animals and people.So far there is no data to suggest that people living on metal-rich soils experience a potential health hazard. The levels of metals within naturally contaminated soils are generally not high enough to cause serious health problems. Living on metal-rich soils does not represent a health risk unless large quantities of soil are digested or metal-rich dust is inhaled. However， small children are particularly exposed to metal-rich topsoil in playgrounds and gardens.They are also the most likely ones to eat potentially dangerous metal-rich soil.Heavy metals are persistent; they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once they enter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning.In contrast， naturally contaminated soils have not been subject to risk assessment studies and rehabilitation measures， despite the fact that they frequently possess metal concentrations well above those of such polluted by humans and above environmental quality criteria.There is a vital need to understand the potential risks and long-term health effects of living on naturally contaminated soils. Future environmental investigations of naturally polluted soils should concentrate on the potential pathways of metals into the food chain and human body. Geologists should be part of such studies as they can provide the essential background information on rock and soil chemistry as well as the chemical forms of heavy metal pollution.A. No evidence to indicate bad effects of naturally contaminated soilB. Potential hazards of human contaminated soilsC. Research on channels of heavy metals getting into human food chainD. Geology and health problemsE. Rocks-the ultimate source of soil pollutionF. Long- term helth effects on children1. Paragraph 12. Paragraph 33. Paragraph 44. Paragraph 6A. industrially polluted soilsB. rock and soil chemistryC. naturally polluted soilsD. the pathways of metals into the food chainE. the element of iodineF. the persistence of heavy metals5. Some serious diseases is connected with deficiency of ……6. It is extremely necessary to study the long-term effects caused by living on ……7. Geologists are indispensable in the research project on geology and health due to their knowledge on……8. Industrially contaminated sites usually require a thorough clean-up due to ……Key： DABCECBF。

职称英语考试历年真题详解及全真模拟试卷（理工类）- 178 -【解析】句意为：我们开发的这套工序完全基于如太阳能收集器和光生伏打电池的可再生能源，这使得这种方法可完全地能源自动化。

which 引导非限定性定语从句，所以选D。

54. 【答案】D【解析】句意为：在没有电力基础设施的地方 起到作用。

四个选项： meanwhile“同时”；therefore“因此”；however“然而”； still“仍然”。

55. 【答案】B【解析】句意为：这套工序的 如下。

四个选项： prospect“前景”； process“过程”； progress“进步”； product“产品”。

56. 【答案】D【解析】句意为：水被 地下几米深的一个真空水箱中。

此处考查suck into 的固定搭配，意思是“吸入”，所以选D。

57. 【答案】D【解析】句意为：来自于太阳能收集器的能量将盐水 。

四个选项：keeps“保持”； brings“带来”；breaks“打破”；heats“加热”。

58. 【答案】D【解析】句意为：盐水被它 的水所稀释。

四个选项：attracted“吸引”； affected“影响”； allowed“允许”；absorbed“吸引，吸收”。

59. 【答案】A【解析】句意为：在真空环境中，液体的沸点要比在 大气压下的要低。

四个选项：normal“正常的”； different“不同的”； easy“简单的”； available“可使用的”。

60. 【答案】A【解析】句意为：水柱的重力 制造真空状态，所以不需要真空泵。

四个选项：continuously“不间断地”； suddenly“突然地”； typically“典型地”；seriously“严重地”。

61. 【答案】D【解析】句意为：二次被浓缩的盐水会 塔状物再次向下流去吸收空气中的水。

四个选项：takes“拿”；puts“放置”；flies“飞”；runs “runs 原意为跑，但这里是流动的意思，run down 是沿着……流动”。

2019职称英语理工类A级阅读理解模拟试卷(1)"Don't Drink Alone" Gets New Meaning(不要在就餐时间以外饮酒有了新含义)In what may be bad news for bars and pubs, an European research group has found that people drinking alcohol outside of meals have a significantly higher risk of cancer in the mouth and neck than do those taking their libations with food. Luigino Dal Maso and his colleagues studied the drinking patterns of 1,500 patients from four cancer studies and another 3,500 adults who had never had cancer.一定水准上，这对酒吧可能是一个坏消息，欧洲的一个研究小组发现人们在就餐时间以外饮酒会使患口腔和颈部癌症的机率比就餐时饮酒更高。

Luigino Dal Maso和他的同事们研究了取自四项癌症研究的1,500个病例的饮酒习惯模式和另外3,500个从没患癌症的成年人的饮酒习惯模式。

After the researchers accounted for the amount ofalcohol consumed, they found that individuals who downed a significant share of their alcohol outside of meals faced at least a 50 to 80 percent risk of cancer in the oral cavity, pharynx, and esophagus, when compared with people who drank only at meals. Consuming alcohol without food also increasedby at least 20 percent the likelihood of laryngeal cancer. “Roughly 95 percent of cancers at these four sites tracedtoo smoki ng or drinking by study volunteers,” Dal Maso says. The discouraging news his team reports, is that drinking with meals didn’t eliminate cancer risk at any of the sites.在研究者分析了饮酒的总量后，他们发现和只在就餐时饮酒的人相比，在就餐时间以外灌下大量烈酒的人面临至少50%~80%的患口腔癌、咽癌和食道癌的危险。

2019年职称英语理工类A级真题及答案2019年职称英语理工类A级真题及答案2019年职称英语理工类A级考试真题及答案第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近选项。

A. unclear B. obvious C. major D. minor2. The sea turtle’s natural habitA greatly B suddenly C generally D slightly A instructing B notifying C pushing D inviting A raise B pose C experience D handle 。

A ignoredB organizedC causedD received6. Jane said that she couldn’t A spend B take C las t D standA energeticB happyC aloneD busy8. Forester stared at his car，A shaking B turning C jumpingD shouting1A reportedB provedC praisedD caught A anxious B sure C sad D afraid11. At that time, we did not fully the significance of what had happened.A giveB attachC loseD understand12. Anderson left the table，A doubting B saying C thinkingD knowing source.A maintainedB recommendedC consideredD acknowledged14. The study also notes a decline in the number of college students taking science courses.A relativeB generalC continuousD sharp A criticizes B simplifies C evaluates D examines第2部分：阅读判断（第16~22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

2019年职称英语理工类补全短文模拟习题及答案（1）Mobile PhonesMobile phones should carry a label if they proved1 to bea dangerous source of radiation, according to Robert Bell, a scientist. And no more mobile phone transmitter towers should be built until the long-term health effects of the electromagnetic radiation they emit are scientifically evaluated, he said. “Nobody’s going to drop dead overnight2 but we should be asking for more scientific information，” Robert Bell said at a conference on the health effects oflow-level radiation. ____1____A report widely circulated among the public says that upto now scientists do not really know enough to guaranteethere are no ill-effects on humans from electromagnetic radiation. According to Robert Bell, there are 3. 3 million mobile phones in Australia alone and they are increasing by2,000 a day3. ____2____As well, there are 2,000 transmitter towers around Australia, many in high density residential areas5.____3____The electromagnetic radiation emitted from these towers may have already produced some harmful effects on the health of the residents nearby.Robert Bell suggests that until more research is completed the Government should ban construction of phone towers from within a 500 metre radius of school grounds,child care centres, hospitals, sports playing fields and residential areas with a high percentage of children.____4____ He adds that there is also evidence that if cancersufferers are subjected to electromagnetic waves the growth rate of the disease accelerates.____5____ According to Robert Bell, it is reasonable for the major telephone companies to fund it. Besides, he also urges the Government to set up a wide-ranging inquiry into possible health effects.练习：A He says there is emerging evidence that children absorb low-level radiation at a rate more than three timesthat of adults6.B By the year 20004 it is estimated that Australia will have 8 million mobile phones ：nearly one for every two people.C “If mobile phones are found to be dangerous, they should carry a warning label until proper shields can be devised,” he said.D Then who finances the research?E For example, Telstra, Optus and Vodaphone build their towers where it is geographically suitable to them and disregard the need of the community.F The conclusion is that mobile phones brings more harm than benefit.答案与题解：1.C “空1”应该填入与low-level radiation相关的内容，例如：low-level radiation究竟有害还是无害。

2019年职称英语理工类A级模拟卷第三套-补全短文补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

请将答案涂在答题卡相对应的位置上。

Conservation or Wasted Effort?The black robin (旅鸫) is one of the world's rarest birds.It is a small, wild bird, and it lives only on the island of Little Mangere, off the coast of New Zealand. In 1967 there were about fifty black robins there; in 1977 there were fewer than ten.46Energetic steps are being taken to preserve the black robin.47 The idea is to buy an-other island nearby as a special home, a “reserve”, for threatened wild life, including black robins. The organizers say that Little Mangere should then be restocked (重新准备) with the robin's food. Thousands of the required plants are at present being cultivated in New Zealand.Is all this concern a waste of human effort? 48 Are we losing our sense of what is reasonable and what is unreasonable?In the earth's long, long past hundreds of kinds of creatures have evolved, risen to a degree of success and died out. In the long, long future there will be many new and different forms of life. Those creatures that adapt themselves successfully to what the earth offers will survive for a long time.49 This is nature's proven method of operation.The rule of selection “the survival of the fittest” is the one by which human beings have themselves arrived on the scene. We, being one of the most adaptable creatures the earth has yet produced, may last longer than most, 50 You may take it as another rule that when, at last, human beings show signs of dying out, no other creature will extend a paw (爪) to postpone our departure. On the contrary, we will be hurried out.Life seems to have grown too tough for black robins. I leave you to judge whether we should try to do anything about it.A Some creatures, certain small animals, insects and birds, will almost certainly outlast (比……长久)man, for they seem even more adaptable.B Those that fail to meet the challenges will disappear early.C Detailed studies are going on, and a public appeal for money has been made.D Both represent orders in the classification of life.E Is it any business of ours whether the black robin survives or dies out?F These are the only black robins left in the world.。

2019年职称英语《理工类》考前强化练习题1一、词汇选项。

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1 These are their motives for doing itA reasonsB excusesC answersD plans2 The river widens considerably as it begins to turn westA twistsB stretchesC broadensD bends3 Henry cannot resist the lure of drugs.A abuseB flavorC temptationD consumption4 These programmes are of immense value to old people.A naturalB fatalC tinyD enormous5 A great deal has been done to remedy the situationA maintainB improveC assessD protect6 John is collaborating with Mary in writing an articleA cooperatingB competingC combiningD arguing7 He is determined to consolidate his powerA strengthenB controlC abandonD exercise8 Many scientists have been probing psychological problemsA solvingC settlingB exploringD handling9 Hearing problems may be alleviated by changes in diet and exercise habitsA removedB curedC worsenedD relieved10 And the cars are tested for defects before leaving the factoryA functionsC motionsB faultsD parts11 The food is insufficient for three people.A instantB infiniteC inexpensiveD inadequate12 Thousands of people perished in the storm.A diedB sufferedC floatedD scattered13 But in the end he approved of our proposalA undoubtedlyB certainlyC ultimatelyD necessarily14 For young children，getting dressed is a complicated business.A strangeB complexC personalD funny15 In Britain and many other countries appraisal is nowa tool of management.A evaluationB efficiencyC productionD publicity参考答案：1 A motive：动机;reason：理由。